DE7030312U - ARRANGEMENT FOR INCREASING THE ARC VOLTAGE IN MAGNETICALLY BLOWED OVERVOLTAGE ARRANGEMENTS. - Google Patents

Description

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Brown Public Company. Boveri & Cie., Baden (Switzerland)

Arrangement for increasing the arc voltage in relation to the number of spark gaps for the response behavior :; with magnetically blown surge arresters.

The invention relates to an arrangement for increasing the Lich: .- arc tension in . Regarding the number of responsiveness decisive spark gap in the case of magnetically blowing overvoltage discharge.

It is already known modern arresters with a magnetic Equip blowing the arc, whereby a relatively high arc voltage is made possible. To a sufficient To achieve a strong blowing effect, in series with the collector spark gaps ··. . one or more blasspuien switched, which are bridged by a spark gap or a resistor. The short-term high-current leakage current must through these bridging elements of the blowing coil and then as quickly as possible, as so-called FoIs? - current to commutate the blower coil, so that a safe Blowing effect is guaranteed.

At the same time, with modern arresters, the individual spark gaps are controlled in such a way that a defined, non-uniform Forced voltage distribution and thus the response voltage can be sensibly reduced.

The disadvantage, however, is the fact that at a very low relative protection level, which means that the arrester nominal voltage related zcaxiiral voltage ar * arrester is understood, these measures are not yet sufficient are. In this case, every single spark gap must be nut be provided with a complex pre-ionization device, so that the response voltage and your scatter are sufficiently small can be held. The mentioned control and ionization elements mean, however, a significant increase in the price of the end product.

The protection level of the arrester can be set all the lower, the greater the ratio between arc voltage and response voltage. On the one hand, this relationship can be increased by, apart from the above-mentioned defined non-uniform stress distribution, the inherent Response voltage of the individual spark gaps by reducing them their stroke width is lowered. This glaze. ^ Sweg however, it is problematic in that it increases the spread the response voltage increases. On the other hand, the mentioned can

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Ratio increased, meanwhile the light genes in the acleiterfunkengiftenkar.Tier is extended in a new way and then the voltage of the light bosom is exceptionally increased.

The invention lies in the .-. U: '^ - »>: c- ~ v>. Orijr.i ?. the Li entboten.-Spannur.g per spark line through an inventive regulation new Arc extension up to a »previously received £ .7. Increase mass.

The resulting decrease in the number of spark gaps required enables on the one hand the protection level of the discharge: · to lower, and on the other hand tax., nd lonisaticnseie.-sente to save and thus to reduce the cost of the end product.

These benefits might _like principle by the Vergrösserun; the diameter of the extinguishing channels can be achieved, which would also lengthen the maximum arc length and thus increase the arc voltage. in this =? ai .. KÜrde, however, with the same subsequent streak; and the same number of turns of the blowing coil, the magnetic induction, which is decisive for blowing the arc, would decrease accordingly, since the path of the magnetic field lines would increase as the diameter of the blowing coil was increased. Since the blow-out coil would have to enclose a larger area, the inductance of the coil would also increase at the same time, and

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eier Ko. ~ .T.ut ierur ^ SVor ^ ang des Kol-jestrc ^ s ve. the Ueoerbrüekunjj funksnscreCiCe or from the dear orückungs'.viderstar.d a ^ f the blow coil err.scr.el dend would be delayed. The inductance increase could n but this would result in the rr.a.gnecian induction, weicr_ proportional to the V. 'binding number, decrease further and the mechanism of the .T.agr.etical blowing would be in question posed.

The aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention by that the arc is extended by means of a suitable coat so that it can be opened from a first chamber consisting of the base, cover and one of these two connecting cylindrical wall, merges into a second or several subsequent chambers, these chambers are preferably arranged one above the other.

The chambers are provided with openings for establishing an electrical connection to the next Kanmer.

The inventive arrangement v / ird achieved that the Light Doge, after going up to the bounding walls of the first chamber has grown and was thereby lengthened. is drawn into the second, preferably above or below chamber, in which it is then also up to the edges to end here, depending on the construction of the chamber, or ^ ioh in a third or

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to expand further chamber. The arc voltage per contact point is only. ~ E \ r many times higher than if, for example, each channel ~~.-3r had its own spark path. By reducing a number of sparks, the number of control and ionisr.r._or.selc:.: Er .- .. e ~ -. Z speaking can also be reduced.

According to a preferred one. Embodiment consist of these chambers from an insulating material, preferably from one known per se porous and therefore cooling:; moderately cheap substance; at the they are the inner circumference of the edge delimiting the chambers preferably with a large number,; ιη known recesses, which oewirken a high arc voltage, provided, while openings are provided in the chamber through which a electrical connection to the next chamber is enabled, and furthermore, the tongues of an arrester spark gap defining the Ar: - speech voltage are arranged in the first chamber, between which the arc ignites first.

Furthermore, electrically conductive auxiliary ignition plates are arranged in the next, adjoining chamber, to which, for example two, likewise electrically conductive, protruding into the chamber arranged in front of it through the openings thereof Cams, which are preferably located on the edge of the chamber, are attached. There is also a, between the auxiliary ring plates Ending ionization channel arranged by

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this chamber leads back to the one in front of it. The tension only. ~ S; ~ r-adient of the extended arc ensures that zv.'i; there the cams and thus also between the Kilfszür.iplf. ι a potential difference occurs, however, Lz all linen ,, not enough to the Ansprecnst ^ IIe to bring the Hilfszündplatten in the second chamber to ignite. On the other hand, as a result of the arcing that has grown up to the limiting heat of the first chamber, the

; Ionization channel enough charge carriers for the response tunnel

\ the auxiliary ignition plates get to a breakdown zv here

j, causing the arc part in the first chamber

"i mer, the one between those protruding into this chamber

Cam is located, extinguished. The arc can now be removed from the ignited contact point of the auxiliary ignition plates further expand in the second chamber, so that the- greatly lengthened arc at this stage consists of three parts consists, of which two in the first chamber between a tongue of the collector spark gap and one in this Chamber protruding cams of the auxiliary ignition plates of the next chamber continue to burn. The third part of the arc is identical to the ones mentioned above, from the ignited one

Contact point of the auxiliary ignition plates from itself into the next

Chamber continues expanding arc. This arc extension by passing from the first chamber to the next, it can be repeated at will until the retreat limit is reached is achieved. To increase the Fückzür.iur. ^ S:; 'e? -. Ir <eit wir-.i therefore the level of the Kamra floors ur.i -deckin is advantageous performed arched in a known manner.

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T) ρ> y * '/ - ^> ι ^ - ο V ^ jr. »~, -4 - .- - _r . -. ν- - ς-, · '

de lonisaticr.c -> ?. r.al err.c-licr.t die "-Ur.iur.g dor Hil:"szünäplatt; e bei nicht zu rrcrser Scar.r.un "nv.'iscr.on i yourself. «c'r.ne dsss
later with further removal of the light arc in the next

- ■ ~ -.5; ^ - * ϊ- ——— rij; ^v "" -

v: are.

s.ui'eir ^^. nde ^ fo! "e ^ den Ks— = ·« »>v.'ird ishe '" eirs stsrk increased
Arc span r.g reached, v.'thereby only the first one in each case
Spark gap "ov. De ¹ * Spark gap in — cascade for the demand voltage of the arrester is determined.

He c Gernäss a further embodiment of the invention extends *
the arc does not burn out radially, or burns outwards, starting from the zür.deten tongues of the collector spark gap between zv. * ex
concentric circular? * ara-erv; changes. It extends between these concentric circular edges in a semicircular manner in a plane which, in order to increase the resistance to ignition between the parallel arc parts, is preferably convex in such a way that there is no visual connection between the concentric light beam parts. semicircular expanding arc
similar arrangement as the ready. listed, v. is the
Arc from a first Kanner: Ln a nichste, not open

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the same chamber lying in the middle. ut yourself. ^: .: rt wieit: ·· to expand between iVrtei concentric circular V «and er, v; pus.

ΞίΓ · Pull in do? L *. * v> * - ^ jons into the next chamber can be bypassed in that the preferably arched plane between the two con? -entric circular V · ¹ and s is formed helically.

The inner concentric circular viand can be reduced to such an extent that in extreme cases it only takes its place one of the two tongues of the Abieitür spark gap traps “This one Tongue is then in the putty of the helical arc expansion plane a; '. ial, preferably cylindrical.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, one of the two tongues is the address of the first chamber cylindrically shaped, and the other tongue of the Ar.sprechstelle is arranged so that sio the first concentrically in a distance partially umschliesi.t.

Usually the arc burns the longest in the vicinity of the edge of the chamber. Therefore, the energy consumption rate is the Chamber relatively limited because s: \ ch the Karrmerrrr material on this place heats up quickly, the arc is cooled less well and the arc soar.r.-jng therefore arsir.l-ct. V .'--- a

the request office between the respondents. der Arloiterfur.rter.st rec · '· ?, after the arc has reached the edge of the last Kar.mer *, if it is re-ignited, the already extended one goes out Arc, and the new arc in the first. · '. £ - <Trier nut from the contact point of the Ableiterfur.kenstrecki? '.-.' ieder Hike to the chamber wall of the last chamber. In this '..' way can the V.'Srmekanazittt each of the -ar.zer. Chamber, ur.i not only those of their margins are exploited. By heating up the entire Kanir.surface, and not just the Rar.drre-rer.d, can the energy absorption capacity of the individual chambers significantly: be gert. V.'iederv / ir.der mentioned this. the office; he Abieiter spark gap can therefore after another. education of the invention can be achieved by the fact that in the last chamber in front of Karnnssrrsr.d there is an icnisation channel to the contact point the collector spark gap of the first Kanner is arranged, through which the ignition of the response point in this chamber again is triggered.

It is particularly advantageous to use a to be arranged at a contact point of the cascade connection.

Self-extinguishing DC voltage conductors benefit extremely high arc voltage, which is why the arrangement according to the invention due to extraordinary lengthening of the arc ir. With regard to these apparatuses is of particular importance.

χη aen Ze-Of ₁ P-Un ₁ T cn s, ra er: ir.-ur. ^ sgcrr.acse From: -.- rung er. ceic ::. as shown.

Show it:

Fig. 1: a scheme of a spark trench arrangement with 2 curbs and blow-out coil with UeberbrüekrurigswicLerstan ^!

Fig. 1 a: a blown coil annealing with transferring path "

2 - pi various exemplary embodiments of spark gap arrangements;

6: a section through a Ka-Tinaer along the cutting line A - A in Fig. J.

The same parts in the individual figures have the same reference numbers been provided.

All necessary for a direct understanding of the invention Construction features have been omitted from the figures. 1 is a diagram of a spark gap arrangement, in which the Carnns are arranged one above the other, for example are, with 1 a first Karsaer, and with 2 a second Chamber designated. These chambers 1 and 2 point on the inside their Karamerwänae 14 to enlarge the Raivdorberflache Edge cutouts 3. In Kaaaner 1 there are Zungei * 4 the collector spark gap, between which a contact point 1 £ of the collector spark gap. In the second

Κα '^ 6 ^ 2 ^ θΓΐ ^, ΙθΠ S i C "^ ^ i i ^" S3 * -I "" * "i ^ Oeffrrancen 7 Ir. the first. Karj-.er

e * ' ¹ ^ cje ** svreit er ^ ζε "**""' ⁰ * '*
Can fit in · From the first Kajnner 2 an Icnisr.tlor. ^ Kansl S.

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for the I, "oc3: he

^ rr.er I ₉ forhts in the distance

coil 9 r: it Ueberbrückur.nsv.'iierstar.d 10. Jeioch kar.r. iiesc? Ί bobbin.arrangement only.g er.tsprecherd Fi. ~ · -? - also consist of eir.or rl'srule and a: · Überbr'Ickur.nsfur.ker.linie 11. Z;: isr'r.? R. den Hz.lf'i'iZ'indr *!? ^^ en * ^ els '"~ v.'? f. ^ € n? Ιγ ~ γ".? τ * 2 bei * ir ". ^? ^ sic ^ ^1. An offset 15 of the auxiliary =! R.dpl? .Tter. 5 ·

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment for the arrangement of the Zi: r. ~ C ^ of the 'conductor function line ur.d -ior ·; .iirs - ": r.?.platt9r. 5 ~ with cams 6 and the corresponding ~ eh6ri«; en Oeffr.::r--er. 7, as well as the ionization V: anal 3, which leads from the first Kar.r.er 1 into the lower chamber 2.

In FIG. 3, a part of the Kar ^ Ik is erwand the Kar.-e: rn 1 and 2 to genorer to the center thereof. and in the "middle circlef ^ rr.i ^ formed and also -.it Handriussrarur.vren 3: ϊγ Verrussierung their surface provided front ..

In Figures 4 and 5 is a de: * Tongues ^ of the Ableiterfur.ken-

ger 1 to the second camera 2 · Also with this arrangement

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] ii ρ

Spark gap ice on the cylindrically designed

1 designed so that the second side, cylindrical

The contact point 12 of the AbI r _: iterfunker.linie is located between these two lines.

The pin ;. 6 zeif ^ t, v: ie the * Kanmertjoden between the K-n-T.erySr. the I ^ pev. 'is arched.

The way in which the inventive arrangement of an arrester spark gap works emerges from the following:

Parallel to an object to be protected from overvoltage are the, preferably one above the other arranged Kar.r.err. 1, 2, connected via lead 15. The ones that are necessary for this Ableiterv.'iderst & nde, control elements, etc., are veg because they are familiar to the specialist and for the invention have no major significance. From the tension Toilet voltage is applied to the object to be protected the tongues ^ of the discharge spark; stretch the first?!?. · ".". he 1. If there is a sufficiently high level of interference, then speaks

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the first chamber 1, that is, it billet sic '.', at the Ar.screchstelle 12 between. ^ n the. Zunger 4 of the AbP. Further spark gap initially a short arc,., / Up briefly a high-current leakage current through the short arc and cL? .Z Ueherbrückur.gselerr.ent 10 or 11 of the blow coil -> add, which as quickly as a so-called? Olgestro ~ on the bloom is com-iutted. If now the subsequent terror. passes through the blowing coil 9, there is a strong magnetic blowing effect on the arc between the tongues ^ of the collector spark gap.

Extended by the magnetic blowing effect on the arc this continuously from both tongues 4, and go: schliesslica along the recesses 3 of the chamber wall 14 up to the protruding through the openings 7 cam 6. The ar. the Auxiliary ignition platin 5 attached to cams 6 in the second chamber 2 are now under a voltage that is equal to the voltage of the arc in the first chamber 1. between the openings 7 for the cams 6 is. However, this voltage is not sufficient to control the intercom 13 between aen ignition plates 5 in the second Ka.-r.-r.er to ignite. Through the ionization channel δ, which is from the first Kamnnir 1 leads into the second chamber 2, get however Sufficient charge carriers for the contact point 13 of the auxiliary igniter 5 in the second chamber 2. to cause a breakdown here, whereby the arc part in the first chamber 1, the is located between the cams 6 protruding into this Kanuner 1, goes out. Now you can move away from the ignited contact point

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1; · e'er auxiliary sin plates 5 from the arc ir. The second. Expand chamber 2 so that the greatly elongated light bulb. '^ • isen stage consists of 3 parts, two of which are in the

Kanur-er 1 each between a pin ^ e ^ of the discharge spark * st -recke and one that protrudes into this Kanurr.er. Y.ocV.sn S der

third part before. the r: e ~ "; r..ieten Ansnrechstelle IZ of the Hilfszür.dplatten 5 from in the Kanner 2 expands further.

If, such as 3. shown in Fig. 6, the Kamner base of the jug: 1 and 2, has a curvature 16, the back is ickz'ir.dur. ^ Sfesti ^ - increased. The arc does not expand radially in this example, but between the two concentric circular ones Walls 1 ^, starting in front. the tongues 4 of the collector spark gap (like Figs. 3, 4 and 5). The curvature 16 of the chest. R.bottom is designed so that V. has a line of sight between the concentric arc parts of the semicircular expanding arc. This results in the resistance to backfire ericht between the parallel arc parts.

If the preferably curved Kaimerbogen 16 between the ZV: be bypassed ei concentric circular ".mnervr-ends l'-i • • • er.delför-.IG trained yird, a pulling in of the arc in di" can r.ilchste chamber.. .

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1-first card: T. 2 — second Κ3.ΓΓ.ΓΠ & Γ * 3-rare cutouts

^ -Tongues of the arrester spark gap

6 cams

7-Oeffnur.gen for the cams of the auxiliary ignition

b-ionization channel 9-blowpulf

10-Ueberbrücioingswidersrar.d 11-Ueberbrückur.gsfunker.s route 12-contact point of the Äblel * eriunkerti> treeke 13-contact point of the auxiliary ignition plates l ^ -Kairjnerrar.d 15-KanL ^ er-Ziileitungeii 16-Carnation: bulging

Claims (1)

- 15 - ^'': 51/70 Pc- M ^ n Proverbs ¹ '' KTikenstreckenanordnung a magnetically beblasenen abouts-ί '... .ungsablei te rs consisting sus each'_{5.τϊτ.θπί?;} These chambers are made of an insulating material, preferably of a porous material known per se and therefore cheap to cool, and the inner circumference of the edge delimiting them preferably consists of a large number of recesses known per se, which cause a high arc voltage, are provided, characterized in that gowns to lengthen the arc and to increase the jolt resistance are arranged in these chambers (1, 2), which are preferably arranged one above the other and which consist of a base, cover and a wall connecting these two , and the chambers are provided with openings (7) for establishing an electrical connection to the next Kar.r-.er . 2.) Spark gap arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that both the Kair.nerboden (16) and the Kairjriei cover are arched. 3. ) Spark gap arrangement according to claim 1 and 2 , characterized in that in the first Kar.rr.er (l) tongues ('■) of a discharge voltage determining the response voltage rf unker.str-: cke are arranged. - 16 - characterized in that in the .iuf the 3rd Karr.r.er (1) the following additional cables (2) electrical conductors vreise zv: ei, also electrically conductive, ir: the respectively in front of it arranged> _T.r.er protruding through their openings (7) Cams (6), which are preferably located on the edge of the flange (1-0 are located. 5.) Funicular arrangement according to claims 1 to h, characterized in that an ionization channel (8) leading from one cairn (1) to the next (2) and ending with the auxiliary ignition plate (5) ) angc-o ^ dr.-1 is. 6.) spark gap arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that that the spark gaps in successive chambers are cascaded 7 ·) Spark gap arrangement according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the arc path between two concentric circular chamber walls (14) in one Level in the chamber (l, 2) is located. 8.) Spark gap arrangement according to claims 1, 2, J> and 7 »characterized in that the plane between the zv:« i concentric circular circle fcrrr.i ren walls (I'O v.-er.äel firr.Ig is formed. • Q. ) For. kens t ro c. '■■: - 17 - - • «■ he Λγ.οΓ • • ■ · or. 1 51/7 0 t ί through this mark enrr.rrcir »^ · Ζ r» V- - i inner i: : - ■ ·; el. nt rl c i. . " '. ·: Rc 1 _Γ _ förr.ige Wall (1 ^! < i chnet, that the : ( 'i ) the or. : \ £ Hurry cc · .c know- route consists. ) from egg ner tongue A. St. rfor. 10.) Funkenstreckenar.o ^ cr.ung according to claims 1, 7 unri?, Characterized in that the in the middle of the willITcrrnigen Lichtbogenausv.-eitur.iTsecone r: nceordere tongue (· ^ι ) axial, preferential. -is cylindrical, nut?: e is formed. 11.) Funkenstrerkenanordr.ung according to claims 1 and 9 »gskennzeichnet in that in u ~ r last Karr.rr.er of the edge of a cer to the point of contact Λbl ^ iterfunkcnstrecke the first chamber leading ionizing duct (6) angecrdne *. lsi 12.) Funkenstreckenar.orcr.ung according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that one of the two tongues ( ¹ J) dor the contact point of the first Kar.rr.er (1) is cylindrical and the other tongue (A) of the The contact point is arranged in such a way that it partially closes the first concentric at a) distance. 13.) spark gap anorcr.ung according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a Vorionisationseinrichtuiig only connected to one contact point of the cascade connection is. Aktier.cesel !schaft Brov.n, Soveri cc Cie.