DE663997C - Process for the production of furfural, acetic acid and aliphatic aldehydes from liquids containing pentose - Google Patents

Process for the production of furfural, acetic acid and aliphatic aldehydes from liquids containing pentose

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Publication number
DE663997C
DE663997C DEH143580D DEH0143580D DE663997C DE 663997 C DE663997 C DE 663997C DE H143580 D DEH143580 D DE H143580D DE H0143580 D DEH0143580 D DE H0143580D DE 663997 C DE663997 C DE 663997C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
furfural
acetic acid
production
aliphatic aldehydes
pentoses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEH143580D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Eduard Faerber
Dr Hugo Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOLZHYDROLYSE AG
Original Assignee
HOLZHYDROLYSE AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HOLZHYDROLYSE AG filed Critical HOLZHYDROLYSE AG
Priority to DEH143580D priority Critical patent/DE663997C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE663997C publication Critical patent/DE663997C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/34Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/38Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/40Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
    • C07D307/46Doubly bound oxygen atoms, or two oxygen atoms singly bound to the same carbon atom
    • C07D307/48Furfural
    • C07D307/50Preparation from natural products

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furan Compounds (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Furfurol, Essigsäure und aliphatischen Aldehyden aus pentosenhaltigen Flüssigkeiten Bei der Säurehydrolyse der Kohlenhydrate aus cellulosehaltigen Stoffen, wie Holz, entstehen neben Hexosen auch Pentosen. Die Hexosen läßt man aus der Holzzuckerlösung entweder auskristallsieren, oder man vergärt sie mittels Hefe zu Alkohol. Man kann auch nur einen Teil. der Hexosen auskristallisieren lassen und die verbleibenden Anteile für die Herstellung von Tiefe und Alkohol benutzen. In der Schlempe verbleiben neben den unvergärbaren Pentosen auch Reste der Hexosen, z. B. von der Art der Galaktose oder revertierte Formen der in monomerem Zustand vergärbaren Hexosen. Es ist bekannt, die Gärung in der Weise zu führen, daß sich die nicht vergärenden Zuckerarten, vor allem also die Pentosen, in der Schlempe anreichern.Process for the preparation of furfural, acetic acid and aliphatic Aldehydes from liquids containing pentose In the acid hydrolysis of carbohydrates Cellulose-containing materials such as wood produce hexoses as well as pentoses. The hexoses are either allowed to crystallize out of the wood sugar solution, or one it ferments to alcohol using yeast. You can only do a part. of the hexoses crystallize out and use the remaining portions for making depth and alcohol. In addition to the non-fermentable pentoses, residues of the hexoses also remain in the vinasse, z. B. of the type of galactose or reversed forms in the monomeric state fermentable hexoses. It is known to lead fermentation in such a way that the non-fermenting sugars, especially the pentoses, in the stillage enrich.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist nun die Verwertung dieser im folgenden kurz als Holzzuckerschlempe bezeichneten Abfallösung zur Herstellung wertvoller Produkte, indem man zunächst die Pentosen in Furfurol überführt. Es ist bekannt, daß Pentosen beim Erhitzen ihrer wäßrigen Lösungen bei Gegenwart von Mineralsäure in Furfurol übergehen. Bisher ist man für die Herstellung von Furfurol von den Lösungen ausgegangen, die man durch Erhitzen von stark pentosenhaltigen Pflanzenstoffen mit verdünnter Säure gewinnt. Da diese Lösungen im wesentlichen nur die Pentosen und Säure enthalten, war die Umwandlung der Pentosen in Furfurol leicht.The subject of the invention is the utilization of these in the following Waste solution known for short as wood sugar mash for the production of valuable Products by first converting the pentoses into furfural. It is known, that pentoses when their aqueous solutions are heated in the presence of mineral acid pass into furfural. So far, one has been from the solutions for the production of furfural assumed, which can be obtained by heating plant substances with a high concentration of pentose dilute acid wins. Since these solutions are essentially only the pentoses and Containing acid, the conversion of the pentoses to furfural was easy.

Man hat auch bereits vorgeschlagen, die beim Aufschließen von Holz mit Bisulfit anfallende, Pentosen enthaltende Ablauge nach vorangegangener Neutralisation zu konzentrieren, aus der konzentrierten Ablauge durch Erhitzen mit wenig Säure Furfurol abzudestillieren und dieses zu kondensieren.It has also been suggested that when opening wood waste liquor containing bisulfite and pentoses after previous neutralization to concentrate, from the concentrated waste liquor by heating with a little acid To distill off furfural and to condense this.

Die Holzzuckerschlempe hat man dagegen bis jetzt noch nicht zur Gewinnung von Furfurol benutzt. Sie enthält neben den Pentosen noch andere Zuckerarten und Nebenprodukte, vor allem auch Stoffe, die mit Furfurol zu unlöslichen Verbindungen kondensieren können.The wood sugar mash, on the other hand, has not yet been extracted used by furfural. In addition to the pentoses, it also contains other types of sugar and By-products, especially substances that form insoluble compounds with furfural can condense.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die Pentosen der Holzzuckerschlempe dennoch mit guter Ausbeute in Furfurol überzuführen sind. Man erhitzt die bei der ihr eigenen nahezu neutralen Reaktion eingeengte Schlempe mit Mineralsäure, treibt die entstandenen flüchtigen Produkte in an sich bekannter Weise ab und zerlegt sie durch Fraktionieren in aliphatische Aldehyde, Furfurol und Essigsäure. Sehr konzentrierte Dämpfe kann man erhal- ten, wenn man die Schlempe bis zu einer Kon- zentration von etwa 200/0 Kohlenhydrat ein- dampft und beispielsweise iriit einem Gehalt von 2 bis 3 ß/o Salzsäure, gegebenenfalls jl A ' Zusatz von wenig Wasserdampf,. erhitzt '' Man verwendet beispielsweise Heizapp in denen man die Lösung durch Rohre Kolonnen dem von unten einströ Dampf entgegenfließen läßt. Die Strömungs- geschwindigkeit regelt man nach der Ge- schwindigkeit der Furfurolbildung, die mit_ der Menge der verarbeiteten Pentosen abnimmt. Man kann aus i cbm Apparateraum pro Stunde 1,5 bis 2kg Furfurol abdestillieren. Es ist ein besonderer Vorteil, daß diese Dämpfe, die den Erhitzungsraum verlassen, sehr reich an Furfurol sind. Sie können mehr als 4% davon enthalten. Dadurch wird die nachfolgende Fraktionierarbeit zur Reinigung des Furfurols wesentlich leichter und billiger. Bei der-bisherigen Verarbeitung dünner Pentosenlösungen mußte man sich mit 1/2 bis höchstens i % Furfurol in den entwickelten Dämpfen zufrieden geben.It has now been found that the pentoses of the wood sugar mash can nevertheless be converted into furfural with good yield. The vinasse, which is concentrated in its own almost neutral reaction, is heated with mineral acid, the volatile products formed are driven off in a manner known per se and broken down into aliphatic aldehydes, furfural and acetic acid by fractionation. Very concentrated vapors can be obtained if you take the stillage up to a concentration of about 200/0 carbohydrate steams and for example iriit a salary from 2 to 3 ß / o hydrochloric acid, optionally jl A ' Addition of a little water vapor. heated '' One uses, for example, Heizapp in which you get the solution through pipes Columns flowing in from below Let steam flow in the opposite direction. The flow speed is regulated according to the speed of furfural formation, which is the amount of pentoses processed decreases. One can distill off 1.5 to 2 kg of furfural per hour from 1 cbm of apparatus room. It is a particular advantage that these vapors leaving the heating room are very rich in furfural. They can contain more than 4% of it. This makes the subsequent fractionation work for cleaning the furfural much easier and cheaper. In the previous processing of thin pentose solutions, one had to be satisfied with 1/2 to at most i% furfural in the vapors developed.

Man kann die oben beschriebene Lösung vor dem Kochen auch einige Minuten unter Druck auf beispielsweise 150' erhitzen, dadurch die Umwandlungsprodukte aus den Nichtpentosen unlöslich machen, diese ab-:filtrieren und die so gereinigte Lösung, die nun einen kleinen Teil der Pentosen in Form von Furfurol enthält, in der beschriebenen Weise zur Destillation benutzen. Man hat schon vorgeschlagen, die durch .".urehydrolys'e pflanzlicher Pentosane hergestellte Pentosenlösung unter Druck zu erhitzen, um eine schnelle und annähernd vollständige Furfurolbildung zu erzielen. Im vorliegenden Falle erfolgt dagegen die Druckerhitzung der eingeengten Schlempe zur Abscheidung der Begleitstoffe, die keine Furfurolbildner sind.The solution described above can also be heated for a few minutes under pressure to 150 ' , for example, before boiling, thereby making the conversion products from the non-pentoses insoluble, filtering them off and the purified solution, which now contains a small part of the pentoses in the form of Contains furfural, use as described for distillation. It has already been suggested that the pentose solution produced by urehydrolysed vegetable pentosans be heated under pressure in order to achieve rapid and almost complete furfural formation are.

Claims (2)

PATRNTANSPRÜCILE ; i. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Furfurol, Essigsäure und aliphatischen Aldehyden aus pentosenhaltigen Flüssigkeiten durch deren Kochen mit Säuren und anschließender fraktionierter Destillation, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Ausgangsstoff eingeengte Holzzuckerschlempe verwendet. PATRNTANSPRÜCILE; i. Process for the production of furfural, acetic acid and aliphatic aldehydes from pentose-containing liquids by boiling them with acids and subsequent fractional distillation, characterized in that that one uses concentrated wood sugar liquor as a starting material. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet; daß man eingeengte Holzzuckerschiempe verwendet, die einige Minuten unter Druck erhitzt und dann fil- triert wurde.2. The method according to claim i, characterized in; that one used concentrated wooden sugar crust, which was heated under pressure for a few minutes and then filtered.
DEH143580D 1935-05-03 1935-05-03 Process for the production of furfural, acetic acid and aliphatic aldehydes from liquids containing pentose Expired DE663997C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH143580D DE663997C (en) 1935-05-03 1935-05-03 Process for the production of furfural, acetic acid and aliphatic aldehydes from liquids containing pentose

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH143580D DE663997C (en) 1935-05-03 1935-05-03 Process for the production of furfural, acetic acid and aliphatic aldehydes from liquids containing pentose

Publications (1)

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DE663997C true DE663997C (en) 1938-08-11

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2845441A (en) * 1955-11-16 1958-07-29 Brown Co Processes for production of furfural

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2845441A (en) * 1955-11-16 1958-07-29 Brown Co Processes for production of furfural

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