DE4021286C1 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
DE4021286C1
DE4021286C1 DE4021286A DE4021286A DE4021286C1 DE 4021286 C1 DE4021286 C1 DE 4021286C1 DE 4021286 A DE4021286 A DE 4021286A DE 4021286 A DE4021286 A DE 4021286A DE 4021286 C1 DE4021286 C1 DE 4021286C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
mpa
titanium
ammonia
temperatures
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE4021286A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Friedrich Dipl.-Phys. Dr. 6470 Buedingen De Preisser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Priority to DE4021286A priority Critical patent/DE4021286C1/de
Priority to TW079109059A priority patent/TW208721B/zh
Priority to AU67602/90A priority patent/AU627960B2/en
Priority to NO90905209A priority patent/NO905209L/en
Priority to CN90110418A priority patent/CN1020476C/en
Priority to ES90125660T priority patent/ES2085320T3/en
Priority to EP90125660A priority patent/EP0464265B1/en
Priority to AT90125660T priority patent/ATE135058T1/en
Priority to DE59010178T priority patent/DE59010178D1/en
Publication of DE4021286C1 publication Critical patent/DE4021286C1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to BR919101899A priority patent/BR9101899A/en
Priority to CS911988A priority patent/CZ279472B6/en
Priority to JP3161349A priority patent/JPH0649924B2/en
Priority to PT98195A priority patent/PT98195A/en
Priority to PL91290931A priority patent/PL166281B1/en
Priority to SU915001026A priority patent/RU1836484C/en
Priority to US07/984,136 priority patent/US5292555A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24Nitriding

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

An economical method for applying nitride layers to titanium and titanium alloys. In a short time, layer thicknesses of 20 mu m are achieved by nitriding under pressure in an ammonia atmosphere. Temperatures of 500 to 1000 DEG C and pressures of 0.2 to 10 Mpa are required for this purpose.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Nitridschichten auf Teile aus Titan und Titanlegierungen durch thermochemische Behandlung der Teile mit Ammoniak oder ammoniakhaltigen Gasgemischen unter Druck und bei Temperaturen oberhalb 500°C.The invention relates to a method for application of nitride layers on parts made of titanium and Titanium alloys by thermochemical treatment of the Parts with ammonia or gas mixtures containing ammonia under pressure and at temperatures above 500 ° C.

Titan hat als Konstruktionswerkstoff gegenüber Stahl einige Vorteile, die sich aus dem geringen spezifischen Gewicht, seiner Korrosionsbeständigkeit und seiner hohen Festigkeit ergeben. Dem steht die relativ geringe Härte gegenüber, die eine Oberflächenbehandlung notwendig macht, wenn die Verschleißfestigkeit erhöht werden soll. Diese Oberflächenbehandlung besteht in der Regel aus der Erzeugung von Schichten aus Titancarbid oder Titannitrid. Bei bisher bekannten Verfahren zur Nitrierung von Teilen aus Titan und Titanlegierungen wird mit hochenergetischen Gasen oder elektromagnetischen Feldern gearbeitet. Diese Verfahren sind sehr aufwendig und nur für einfache Geometrie der zu behandelnden Teile anwendbar.Titanium is a construction material compared to steel some advantages arising from the minor specific weight, its corrosion resistance and its high strength. That suits them relatively low hardness compared to the one Surface treatment is necessary if the Wear resistance should be increased. These Surface treatment usually consists of Generation of layers of titanium carbide or Titanium nitride. In previously known methods for Nitriding parts made of titanium and titanium alloys is using high energy gases or electromagnetic fields worked. These Procedures are very complex and only for simple ones Geometry of the parts to be treated applicable.

In der DE-PS 17 96 212 wird die Oberflächenhärtung von Titan durch Ausbildung von Nitridschichten in einer Ammoniakatmosphäre bei höheren Temperaturen unter Normaldruck erwähnt. In DE-PS 17 96 212 the surface hardening of Titanium through the formation of nitride layers in one Ammonia atmosphere at higher temperatures below Normal pressure mentioned.  

Obwohl dabei relativ dicke und harte Schichten entstehen sollen, findet dieses Verfahren in der Praxis keine Anwendung, da durch Wasserstoffdiffusion eine Versprödung des Bauteilkerns stattfindet.Although relatively thick and hard layers this process takes place in the Practice no application because of hydrogen diffusion embrittlement of the component core takes place.

In der EP-OS 01 05 835 wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitridschichten auf Bauteilen aus Titan und Titanlegierungen beschrieben, indem man die Bauteile in einem Autoklaven Drucken von 10 bis 500 MPa und Temperaturen von 200 bis 1200°C in beispielsweise einer Ammoniakatmosphäre aussetzt. Dabei muß der Ammoniak von großer Reinheit sein. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Nitrierung bei 90 bis 130 MPa und Temperaturen von 930° bis 1000°C. Dieses Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß es durch die Verwendung von Autoklaven und Ammoniak von hoher Reinheit sehr teuer ist und 20 µm-starke Schichten erst in Zeiträumen von drei und mehr Stunden erreichbar sind.EP-OS 01 05 835 describes a method for Manufacture of nitride layers on components Titanium and titanium alloys are described using the Components in an autoclave print from 10 to 500 MPa and temperatures from 200 to 1200 ° C in for example exposed to an ammonia atmosphere. The ammonia must be of great purity. The nitriding is preferably carried out at 90 to 130 MPa and temperatures from 930 ° to 1000 ° C. This The disadvantage of the method is that it can Use of autoclaves and high ammonia Purity is very expensive and 20 µm thick layers only in periods of three or more hours are reachable.

Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Nitridschichten auf Teile aus Titan und Titanlegierungen durch thermochemische Behandlung der Teile mit Ammoniak oder ammoniakhaltigen Gasgemischen unter Druck und bei Temperaturen oberhalb 500°C zu entwickeln, das preisgünstig ist und Nitridschichtdicken von 20 µm und mehr in relativ kurzen Zeiträumen ermöglicht.It was therefore an object of the present invention Process for applying nitride layers to parts made of titanium and titanium alloys by thermochemical Treat the parts with ammonia or ammonia-containing gas mixtures under pressure and at To develop temperatures above 500 ° C is inexpensive and nitride layer thicknesses of 20 microns and enables more in relatively short periods of time.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Behandlung bei Temperaturen von 500 bis 1000°C und Drucken von 0,2 bis 10 MPa durchgeführt wird, wobei der Ammoniakpartialdruck mindestens bei 0,2 MPa gehalten wird. This object is achieved in that treatment at temperatures from 500 to 1000 ° C and printing from 0.2 to 10 MPa is carried out, the ammonia partial pressure being at least 0.2 MPa is held.  

Besonders vorteilhaft haben sich Temperaturen von 700 bis 950°C und Drucke von 0,5 bis 7 MPa erwiesen, wobei ein Ammoniakpartialdruck von mindestens 0,2 MPa erforderlich ist.Temperatures of 700 to 950 ° C and pressures from 0.5 to 7 MPa, with an ammonia partial pressure of at least 0.2 MPa is required.

Mit diesem Druckverfahren können Bauteile aus Titan und Titanlegierungen beliebiger Geometrie und Größe in entsprechenden Kammeröfen mit ausreichend dicken Nitridschichten von 20 µm und mehr versehen werden. Überraschenderweise sind hierfür keine hochreinen Gase erforderlich, sondern es genügt die normale Handelsqualität von Ammoniak. Außerdem ist es möglich, dem Ammoniak Stickstoff beizumischen, wobei lediglich ein Ammoniakpartialdruck von mindestens 0,2 MPa für das Nitrierverfahren erforderlich ist.With this printing process, components made of titanium and titanium alloys of any geometry and size in appropriate chamber furnaces with sufficient thickness Nitride layers of 20 µm and more can be provided. Surprisingly, there are no high-purity gases for this required, but the normal one is sufficient Commercial quality of ammonia. It is also possible add nitrogen to the ammonia, whereby only an ammonia partial pressure of at least 0.2 MPa for the nitriding process is required.

Die Schichtdicke des sich ausbildenden Titannitrids ist in großen Druckbereichen abhängig von der Temperatur und der Behandlungszeit. Die Oberfläche ist goldglänzend und bewirkt eine signifikante Härtesteigerung. Bei Drucken im Bereich oberhalb 6 MPa ist die Schichtdicke fast unabhängig vom Druck.The layer thickness of the titanium nitride that forms is dependent on the in large pressure ranges Temperature and treatment time. The surface is shiny gold and causes a significant Increase in hardness. For pressures in the range above 6 MPa the layer thickness is almost independent of the pressure.

Die Abbildung zeigt die Ausbildung einer Titannitridschicht auf Teilen aus Reintitan in Abhängigkeit vom Druck und der Temperatur der ammoniakhaltigen Atmosphäre.The figure shows the formation of a Titanium nitride layer on parts made of pure titanium in Dependence on the pressure and temperature of the atmosphere containing ammonia.

Bereits bei Temperaturen von beispielsweise 500°C wurde bei 2 MPa ( = 20 bar) Absolutdruck nach einer Stunde eine TiN-Schichtdicke von 10 µm gemessen. Bei 880°C wird in dieser Zeit eine reine TiN-Schicht von 20 µm aufgebaut. Even at temperatures of, for example, 500 ° C was at 2 MPa (= 20 bar) absolute pressure after a Hour a TiN layer thickness of 10 microns measured. At During this time, 880 ° C becomes a pure TiN layer of 20 µm built up.  

Bei einem Druck von 6 MPa ( = 60 bar) baut sich eine TiN-Schicht von beispielsweise 30 µm auf, wenn die Proben für eine Stunde bei 880°C gehalten werden.One builds up at a pressure of 6 MPa (= 60 bar) TiN layer of, for example, 30 microns when the Samples are kept at 880 ° C for one hour.

Bei weiter gesteigertem Druck bis zu 9 MPa ( = 90 bar) nimmt der Einfluß des Druckes auf die TiN-Schichtdicke ab. Die Zunahme ist nicht mehr linear. Bei noch höheren Drücken ist aufgrund der sich rasch bildenden dichten TiN-Schicht nur noch die Diffusion des Stickstoffs durch die Schicht der zeitbestimmende Faktor.With further increased pressure up to 9 MPa (= 90 bar) the influence of pressure on the TiN layer thickness increases from. The increase is no longer linear. At still higher pressures is due to the rapidly developing dense TiN layer only the diffusion of the Nitrogen through the layer of time-determining Factor.

Wie Reintitan können auch Titanlegierungen, wie z. B. TiAl6V4 nitriert werden.Like pure titanium, titanium alloys such as e.g. B. TiAl6V4 are nitrided.

Für diese Beschichtungen ist kein Autoklav erforderlich, sondern die Behandlung kann in einem handelsüblichen Kammerofen erfolgen.There is no autoclave for these coatings required, but treatment can be done in one commercially available chamber furnace.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Nitridschichten auf Teile aus Titan und Titanlegierungen durch thermochemische Behandlung der Teile mit Ammoniak oder ammoniakhaltigen Gasgemischen unter Druck und bei Temperaturen oberhalb 500°C, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behandlung bei Temperaturen von 500 bis 1000°C und Drucken von 0,2 bis 10 MPa durchgeführt wird, wobei der Ammoniakpartialdruck mindestens bei 0,2 MPa gehalten wird.1. Process for applying nitride layers to parts made of titanium and titanium alloys by thermochemical treatment of the parts with ammonia or ammonia-containing gas mixtures under pressure and at temperatures above 500 ° C, characterized in that the treatment at temperatures from 500 to 1000 ° C and pressures of 0.2 to 10 MPa is carried out, the ammonia partial pressure being kept at least at 0.2 MPa. 2. Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Nitridschichten nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behandlung bei Temperaturen von 700 bis 950°C und Drucken von 0,5 bis 7 MPa erfolgt, wobei der Ammoniakpartialdruck mindestens bei 0,2 MPa gehalten wird.2. Process for applying nitride layers according to Claim 1 characterized, that treatment at temperatures from 700 to 950 ° C and printing from 0.5 to 7 MPa, where the ammonia partial pressure at least at 0.2 MPa is held.
DE4021286A 1990-07-04 1990-07-04 Expired - Lifetime DE4021286C1 (en)

Priority Applications (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4021286A DE4021286C1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-07-04
TW079109059A TW208721B (en) 1990-07-04 1990-10-26
AU67602/90A AU627960B2 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-11-29 Process for applying nitrite layers to titanium
NO90905209A NO905209L (en) 1990-07-04 1990-11-30 PROCEDURE FOR APPLYING NITRID LAYERS ON TITAN.
CN90110418A CN1020476C (en) 1990-07-04 1990-12-20 Process for applying nitride layers to titanium
DE59010178T DE59010178D1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-12-28 Process for applying nitride layers on titanium
EP90125660A EP0464265B1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-12-28 Method for nitriding titanium
AT90125660T ATE135058T1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-12-28 METHOD FOR APPLYING NITRIDE LAYERS ON TITANIUM
ES90125660T ES2085320T3 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-12-28 PROCEDURE TO APPLY LAYERS OF NITRIDE ON TITANIUM.
BR919101899A BR9101899A (en) 1990-07-04 1991-05-09 PROCESS FOR THE APPLICATION OF NITRET LAYERS ON TITANIUM
CS911988A CZ279472B6 (en) 1990-07-04 1991-06-28 Process for applying nitride layers on titanium and alloys thereof
JP3161349A JPH0649924B2 (en) 1990-07-04 1991-07-02 Method for applying a nitride layer to a member made of titanium and titanium alloy
SU915001026A RU1836484C (en) 1990-07-04 1991-07-03 Method of application of nitride layers on parts made of titanium and titanium alloys
PT98195A PT98195A (en) 1990-07-04 1991-07-03 PROCESS FOR THE APPLICATION OF NITRIDE LAYERS ON TITANIUM
PL91290931A PL166281B1 (en) 1990-07-04 1991-07-03 Method of producing nitride coatings on titanium substrates
US07/984,136 US5292555A (en) 1990-07-04 1992-12-01 Process for applying nitride layers to titanium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4021286A DE4021286C1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-07-04

Publications (1)

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DE4021286C1 true DE4021286C1 (en) 1991-02-21

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ID=6409636

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DE4021286A Expired - Lifetime DE4021286C1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-07-04
DE59010178T Expired - Lifetime DE59010178D1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-12-28 Process for applying nitride layers on titanium

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE59010178T Expired - Lifetime DE59010178D1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-12-28 Process for applying nitride layers on titanium

Country Status (14)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0464265B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0649924B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1020476C (en)
AT (1) ATE135058T1 (en)
AU (1) AU627960B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9101899A (en)
CZ (1) CZ279472B6 (en)
DE (2) DE4021286C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2085320T3 (en)
NO (1) NO905209L (en)
PL (1) PL166281B1 (en)
PT (1) PT98195A (en)
RU (1) RU1836484C (en)
TW (1) TW208721B (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1169487A1 (en) * 1999-04-15 2002-01-09 Vacuumschmelze GmbH Corrosion-free iron-nickel alloy for residual-current circuit-breakers and clockworks
JP4684383B2 (en) * 2000-04-03 2011-05-18 株式会社アライドマテリアル Refractory metal material having oxidation resistant layer and method for producing the same
JP2001295023A (en) * 2000-04-06 2001-10-26 Allied Material Corp High melting point metallic material having surface hardened layer and its producing method
WO2008079977A2 (en) 2006-12-22 2008-07-03 Iap Research, Inc. System and method for surface hardening of refractory metals
CN101652319B (en) * 2007-02-28 2014-03-19 沃特世科技公司 Liquid-chromatography apparatus having diffusion-bonded titanium components
CN100537805C (en) * 2007-10-30 2009-09-09 沈阳宝鼎化工设备制造有限公司 Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant spare part and surface treatment process thereof
JP5977669B2 (en) * 2012-12-28 2016-08-24 株式会社セブン・セブン Method for manufacturing vacuum insulated double container

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1796212C (en) * 1972-12-21 Institut fur Harterei Technik, 2820 Bremen Lesum Process for boriding titanium and its alloys
EP0105835B1 (en) * 1982-09-07 1987-12-23 Vereinigte Drahtwerke AG Method of producing a hard layer on articles of ti or ti-alloys

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2804410A (en) * 1953-10-27 1957-08-27 Nat Lead Co Method for nitriding titanium surfaces

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1796212C (en) * 1972-12-21 Institut fur Harterei Technik, 2820 Bremen Lesum Process for boriding titanium and its alloys
EP0105835B1 (en) * 1982-09-07 1987-12-23 Vereinigte Drahtwerke AG Method of producing a hard layer on articles of ti or ti-alloys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW208721B (en) 1993-07-01
AU627960B2 (en) 1992-09-03
PL166281B1 (en) 1995-04-28
CS198891A3 (en) 1992-02-19
JPH04232247A (en) 1992-08-20
DE59010178D1 (en) 1996-04-11
PT98195A (en) 1992-04-30
NO905209D0 (en) 1990-11-30
JPH0649924B2 (en) 1994-06-29
PL290931A1 (en) 1992-10-05
EP0464265A1 (en) 1992-01-08
BR9101899A (en) 1992-01-14
ES2085320T3 (en) 1996-06-01
EP0464265B1 (en) 1996-03-06
CZ279472B6 (en) 1995-05-17
NO905209L (en) 1992-01-06
RU1836484C (en) 1993-08-23
CN1020476C (en) 1993-05-05
AU6760290A (en) 1992-01-09
CN1057866A (en) 1992-01-15
ATE135058T1 (en) 1996-03-15

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