DE3809436A1 - Method and device for detection of current and automatic prevention of missetting of the nominal current values in electric motors - Google Patents

Method and device for detection of current and automatic prevention of missetting of the nominal current values in electric motors

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Publication number
DE3809436A1
DE3809436A1 DE19883809436 DE3809436A DE3809436A1 DE 3809436 A1 DE3809436 A1 DE 3809436A1 DE 19883809436 DE19883809436 DE 19883809436 DE 3809436 A DE3809436 A DE 3809436A DE 3809436 A1 DE3809436 A1 DE 3809436A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
current
motor
compared
comparator
nominal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19883809436
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German (de)
Other versions
DE3809436C2 (en
Inventor
Djamschid Raseghi
Andreas Raseghi
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19883809436 priority Critical patent/DE3809436A1/en
Publication of DE3809436A1 publication Critical patent/DE3809436A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3809436C2 publication Critical patent/DE3809436C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
    • G01R19/16571—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H69/00—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices
    • H01H69/01—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices for calibrating or setting of devices to function under predetermined conditions

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for the detection of current and automatic prevention of missetting of the nominal current limit values in the case of electronic motor circuit-breakers. The motor current detected is, in this case, on the one hand compared with a nominal current limit value which can be altered by the user and, on the other hand, also compared with the same value so that I(Mot)/I(Nom) < x is considered as a working comparison condition. An electronic functional unit, on which the start-up time and start-up current value can be adjusted, additionally generates motor status signals as well as a suitable envelope curve for further comparisons. The results of the comparisons are finally combined with each other, analysed and output. This guarantees a rapid switch-off which is not susceptible to interference, for protection of the motor (especially in the event of disasters), and simultaneously prevents excessively high and excessively low settings of the nominal current limit values.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Stromerkennung und automatischen Verhinderung von Fehleinstellungen der Nennstromwerte bei elektronischen Motorschutzschaltern.The invention relates to a method for current detection and automatic prevention of incorrect settings of the nominal current values for electronic motor protection switches.

Bei den bisherigen thermomagnetischen Motorschutzschaltern, sowie deren elektronischen Nachbildungen als Überstromrelais wird die Erwärmungskurve des Motors durch Bimetallkontakte bzw. elektronische Integratoren nach­ gebildet. Dieses sehr gebräuchliche Verfahren hat seinen Nachteil darin, daß einerseits zu hoch eingestllte Nennstromwerte des Motors sowie Blockierungszustände des Motors nicht erkannt werden, sowie andererseits in seiner zeitlichen Trägheit, welche ein zusätzliches Risiko darstellt. Zur vermeintlichen Behebung dieses Problems wird seit einiger Zeit ein Differentiator dem Integrator hinzugesellt, welcher plötzliche Anstiege des Motorstroms (dI/dt) erkennt, und zu einer Abschaltung führt. Ein Lastausfall bei Maschinen (Rohrbruch, Riemenriß etc.), welcher oft ein Katastrophenrisiko (etwa in der chemischen Industrie) darstellt, wird allerdings bei keinem der genannten Verfahren erkannt und gemeldet, darüber hinaus ist besonders der Differentiator anfällig für Netzstörungen, und kann leicht eine Fehlauslösung bewirken.With the previous thermomagnetic motor circuit breakers and their electronic replicas as overcurrent relays, the heating curve of the motor is simulated by bimetallic contacts or electronic integrators. This very common method has its disadvantage in that, on the one hand, the nominal current values of the motor which are set too high and the blocking states of the motor are not recognized, and on the other hand in its inertia, which represents an additional risk. To alleviate this problem, a differentiator has been added to the integrator for some time, which detects sudden increases in the motor current (dI / dt) and leads to a shutdown. A load failure on machines (pipe break, belt break, etc.), which often poses a risk of catastrophe (e.g. in the chemical industry), is not recognized and reported in any of the methods mentioned, moreover, the differentiator is particularly susceptible to network faults and can easily cause one Cause false triggering.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren der genannten Art so auszubilden, daß eine schnelle Abschaltung des Verbrauchers störunanfällig gewährleistet ist, sowie Fehleinstellungen des Nennstromwertes verhindert werden.The object of the invention is to develop a method of the type mentioned that a quick shutdown of the consumer ensures interference-free and incorrect settings of the nominal current value can be prevented.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Überwachung des Motorstromes in zwei zeitliche Phasen zerfällt, wobei die Zeit der ersten Phase ("Anlaufzeit") durch den Benutzer dem Verbraucher angepaßt werden kann.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the monitoring of the motor current breaks down into two temporal phases, the time of first phase ("start-up time") adapted by the user to the consumer can be.

Gemäß Fig. 1 wird der über B 1 erfaßte Motorstrom (M 1) einem Funktionsblock (B 2) zugeführt, welcher der Start-Erkennung des Motors sowie der Erzeugung der Anlaufstromhüllkurven dient. Darüber hinaus stellt dieser Block (B 2) dem Logik- und Auswertungsblock (B 3) ein "Start/Stop"-Signal (S 4), welches den Zustand eines laufenden und nicht stehenden Motors bedeutet, sowie ein "Anlaufzeit-beendet"-Signal (S 5), welches das Ende der Anlaufphase signalisiert, zur Verfügung. B 2 generiert eine geeignete Hüllkurve, welche durch P 1 (zur Einstellung der Anlaufzeit) und P 2 (zur Einstellung des Anlaufstroms) vom Anwender justiert werden kann, und mit dem tatsächlichen Motorstrom über ein Vergleichsglied (V 1) verglichen, und dessen Ergebnis (S 1) zur Auswertung an die Logik (B 3) weitergeleitet wird. Nach Ablauf der (durch P 1 einstellbaren) Anlaufzeit bleibt die Auswertung des Fehlerausgangssignals S 1 (aus V 1) in der Logik (B 3) weiterhin gewährleistet, wodurch der in B 2 erzeugte Anlaufstromwert weiterhin mit dem aktuellen Motorstromwert verglichen wird, und dadurch der Schnellerkennung von Blockierungszuständen dient.According to FIG. 1, the motor current (M 1 ) detected via B 1 is fed to a function block (B 2 ), which serves to detect the start of the motor and to generate the starting current envelopes. In addition, this block (B 2) the logic and evaluation block (B 3) a "start / stop" signal (S 4), which means the state of a running and not stationary engine, and a "start-up time-ended" - Signal (S 5 ), which signals the end of the start-up phase, is available. B 2 generates a suitable envelope curve, which can be adjusted by P 1 (for setting the starting time) and P 2 (for setting the starting current), and compared with the actual motor current via a comparator (V 1 ), and its result ( S 1 ) is forwarded to the logic (B 3 ) for evaluation. After the start-up time (which can be set by P 1 ), the evaluation of the error output signal S 1 (from V 1 ) in the logic (B 3 ) continues to be guaranteed, whereby the start-up current value generated in B 2 continues to be compared with the current motor current value, and thereby the Quick detection of blocking states is used.

Nach Ablauf der Anlaufzeit wird nun im Logikblock (B 3) die Auswertung der Signale S 2 (vom Vergleicher V 2, "Überstrom") und S 3 (vom Vergleicher V 3, "Lastausfall") freigegeben. Der Vergleicher V 2 vergleicht hierbei kontinuierlich den aktuellen Motorstrom mit dem eingestellten Nennstrom (Maximum-Grenzwert) IN, der Vergleicher V 3 dagegen den Motorstrom mit dem um einen bestimmten Faktor durch den Spannungsteiler R 1/R 2 heruntergeteilten Nennstrom (M 2), was zur Folge hat, daß ein zu hoher Motornennstrom bzw. ein zu niedrig eingestellter Nennstromgrenzwert einen Fehler an S 2, dagegen ein zu hoch eingestellter Nennstromgrenzwert bzw. ein Lastausfall an S 3 bewirkt, und von der Logik ausgewertet werden kann. In gewöhnlichen Fällen wird das Verhältnis von IN zu M 2 (über R 1/R 2) 1 : 1/2√ betragen, in anderen Fällen können R 1 und R 2 als Potentiometer (P 3) ausgebildet sein.After the start-up time has elapsed, the evaluation of signals S 2 (from comparator V 2 , "overcurrent") and S 3 (from comparator V 3 , "load failure") is released in logic block (B 3 ). The comparator V 2 continuously compares the current motor current with the set nominal current (maximum limit) IN , the comparator V 3, however, compares the motor current with the nominal current (M 2 ) divided by the voltage divider R 1 / R 2 by a certain factor, which has the consequence that an excessively high rated motor current or a too low nominal current limit value causes an error on S 2 , on the other hand an excessively high nominal current limit value or a load failure on S 3 , and can be evaluated by the logic. In ordinary cases, the ratio of In to M 2 (via R 1 / R 2) is 1: / 2 √ be 1, in other cases, R 1 and R 2 may be designed as a potentiometer (P 3).

Ein funktionsidentisches Verfahren dieser Nennstromüberwachung ist in Fig. 2 dargelegt. Der Unterschied zu Fig. 1 liegt hierbei in der Tatsache, daß das Ausgangssignal des Motorstrom-Erfassungs-Block (B 1) als ein mehrfaches des reellen Motorstroms betrachtet wird, welches dann über den Spannungsteiler R 1/R 2 (bzw. P 3) an M 2 auf seinen als 1fach zu betrachtenden Wert heruntergeteilt ist. Der Vergleicher V 3 vergleicht hierbei den nunmehr an M 2 1fachen akuten Motorstrom mit dem eingestellten Nennstrom-Grenzwert, und meldet eine mögliche Überschreitung desselben über S 3 an die Logik und Auswertung (B 3). Sinkt nun der um einen bestimmten Faktor f (entsprechend der obigen Beschreibung würde für gewöhnliche Fälle betragen) als M 2 höhere Wert M 1 unter den 1fachen Nennstrom, so liefert der Vergleicher V 2 über S 2 das "Lastausfall"-Signal an die Logik-Gruppe B 3.A functionally identical method of this nominal current monitoring is shown in FIG. 2. The difference to Fig. 1 lies in the fact that the output signal of the motor current detection block (B 1 ) is regarded as a multiple of the real motor current, which is then via the voltage divider R 1 / R 2 (or P 3 ) at M 2 is divided down to its value to be regarded as 1-fold. The comparator V 3 compares the acute motor current, which is now 1 x M 2, with the set nominal current limit value, and reports a possible exceeding of this via S 3 to the logic and evaluation (B 3 ). Now drops of a certain factor f (corresponding to the above description would be for ordinary cases be) as M 2 higher value M 1 among 1 times the rated current, the comparator V 2 through S 2 provides the "load failure" signal to the logic Group B 3 .

Die Logikgruppe B 3 enthält insbesondere zur Fehlerauswertung eine logische Verknüpfung des "Überstrom"-Signals (S 2 in Fig. 1; S 3 in Fig. 2) mit dem "Anlaufzeit-beendet"-Signal (S 5), sowie eine weitere logische Verknüpfung des "Lastausfall"-Signals (S 3 in Fig. 1; S 2 in Fig. 2) mit dem "Start/Stop"-Signal (S 4).The logic group B 3 contains, in particular for error evaluation, a logic operation of the "overcurrent" signal (S 2 in FIG. 1; S 3 in FIG. 2) with the "start-up time ended" signal (S 5 ), and a further logic Linking the "load failure" signal (S 3 in Fig. 1; S 2 in Fig. 2) with the "Start / Stop" signal (S 4 ).

Eine Fehlermeldung kann dann nach Bedarf über Relais, Anzeigen, Fernleitungen o. ä. erfolgen.An error message can then be sent as needed via relays, displays, long-distance lines or similar.

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zur Stromerkennung und automatischen Verhinderung von Fehleinstellungen der Nennstromwerte bei elektronischen Motorschutzschaltern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erfaßte Motorstrom einerseits mit einem einstellbaren Nennstromwert über einen Vergleicher verglichen wird, andererseits aber auch der Motorstrom mit einem Prozentsatz desselben Nennstromwertes über einen weiteren Vergleicher verglichen wird, sowie ein elektronischer Funktionsblock, an welchem die Anlaufzeit und ein Anlaufstromwert einstellbar ist, das Starten des Motors erkennt, und eine geeignete Hüllkurve generiert, welche mit dem akuten Motorstrom über einen Vergleicher verglichen wird, sowie derselbe Funktionsblock auch zwei Signale erzeugt, von denen das eine "Motor läuft/steht" sowie das andere "Anlaufphase" bedeutet, und diese Signale mit den jeweiligen Ausgangssignalen der Vergleicher verknüpft und ausgewertet werden.1. A method for current detection and automatic prevention of incorrect settings of the nominal current values in electronic motor protection switches, characterized in that the detected motor current is compared on the one hand with an adjustable nominal current value using a comparator, but on the other hand the motor current is compared with a percentage of the same nominal current value using a further comparator , as well as an electronic function block, on which the starting time and a starting current value can be set, which recognizes the starting of the motor, and generates a suitable envelope which is compared with the acute motor current via a comparator, and the same function block also generates two signals, of which the one "engine runs / stands" and the other means "start-up phase", and these signals are linked with the respective output signals of the comparators and evaluated. 2. Verfahren zur Stromerkennung und automatischen Verhinderung von Fehleinstellungen der Nennstromwerte bei elektronischen Motorschutzschaltern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erfaßte Motorstrom einerseits mit einem einstellbaren Nennstromwert über einen Vergleicher verglichen wird, andererseits aber auch derselbe Nennstromwert mit einem Prozentsatz des aktuellen Motorstromes über einen weiteren Vergleicher verglichen wird, sowie ein elektronischer Funktionsblock, an welchem die Anlaufzeit und ein Anlaufstromwert einstellbar ist, das Starten des Motors erkennt, und eine geeignete Hüllkurve generiert, welche mit dem akuten Motorstrom über einen Vergleicher verglichen wird, sowie derselbe Funktionsblock auch zwei Signale erzeugt, von denen das eine "Motor läuft/steht" sowie das andere "Anlaufphase" bedeutet, und diese Signale mit den jeweiligen Ausgangssignalen der Vergleicher verknüpft und ausgewertet werden.2. Procedure for current detection and automatic prevention of Incorrect settings of the nominal current values for electronic motor protection switches, characterized in that the detected motor current on the one hand with a adjustable nominal current value is compared using a comparator, on the other hand also the same nominal current value with a percentage of the current motor current is compared via a further comparator, and an electronic function block on which the start-up time and a Starting current value is adjustable, the engine starts, and a suitable envelope generated, which with the acute motor current over a Comparator is compared, as well as the same function block generates two signals, one of which is "engine running / stopped" and the other other means "startup phase", and these signals with the respective Output signals of the comparators are linked and evaluated. 3. Vorrichtung zur Realisierung der Ansprüche 1 und 2.3. Device for realizing claims 1 and 2.
DE19883809436 1988-03-21 1988-03-21 Method and device for detection of current and automatic prevention of missetting of the nominal current values in electric motors Granted DE3809436A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883809436 DE3809436A1 (en) 1988-03-21 1988-03-21 Method and device for detection of current and automatic prevention of missetting of the nominal current values in electric motors

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DE19883809436 DE3809436A1 (en) 1988-03-21 1988-03-21 Method and device for detection of current and automatic prevention of missetting of the nominal current values in electric motors

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DE3809436A1 true DE3809436A1 (en) 1989-10-12
DE3809436C2 DE3809436C2 (en) 1990-03-29

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4000108A1 (en) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-11 Felten & Guilleaume Energie Low voltage lamp overheating protector - compares lamp current with set manned current and set deviation outside given range
EP0462050A1 (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-18 Saia Ag Method and circuit for detecting the drop from synchronism of a stepper or synchronous motor
DE19507094A1 (en) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-05 Ifm Electronic Gmbh Adjusting switching point of sensor controlled by output signal
WO2002017459A1 (en) * 2000-08-23 2002-02-28 Hi-Key Limited A control circuit for controlling a power supply to a motor
EP1912326A1 (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-16 Sitronic Ges. Für Elektrotechnische Ausrüstung Mbh & Co. Kg Current limiting device for electronic controllers or actuator of loads with non-linear current-voltage characteristic curve
EP1988626A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Overload protection switch
CN111781447A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-10-16 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 Method and device for determining mechanical zero point and machine tool equipment

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19726752A1 (en) * 1997-06-24 1999-01-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Operating method for electric motor drive

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2625345A1 (en) * 1975-06-04 1976-12-16 Borg Warner CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING A THREE-PHASE AC MOTOR

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2625345A1 (en) * 1975-06-04 1976-12-16 Borg Warner CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING A THREE-PHASE AC MOTOR

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4000108A1 (en) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-11 Felten & Guilleaume Energie Low voltage lamp overheating protector - compares lamp current with set manned current and set deviation outside given range
EP0462050A1 (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-18 Saia Ag Method and circuit for detecting the drop from synchronism of a stepper or synchronous motor
CH680547A5 (en) * 1990-06-12 1992-09-15 Saia Ag
DE19507094A1 (en) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-05 Ifm Electronic Gmbh Adjusting switching point of sensor controlled by output signal
US5668300A (en) * 1995-03-01 1997-09-16 I F M Electronic Gmbh Calibration process for setting the switching point of a sensor
DE19507094B4 (en) * 1995-03-01 2005-09-22 Ifm Electronic Gmbh Method for setting the switching point of a sensor
WO2002017459A1 (en) * 2000-08-23 2002-02-28 Hi-Key Limited A control circuit for controlling a power supply to a motor
EP1912326A1 (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-16 Sitronic Ges. Für Elektrotechnische Ausrüstung Mbh & Co. Kg Current limiting device for electronic controllers or actuator of loads with non-linear current-voltage characteristic curve
EP1988626A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Overload protection switch
CN111781447A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-10-16 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 Method and device for determining mechanical zero point and machine tool equipment

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