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Process for the preparation of hydrogen chloride from chlorine, water gas and water vapor
Description
translated from German
Verfahren zur Darstellung von Chlorwasserstoff aus Chlor, Wassergas-,und Wasserdampf. Es ist bekannt, daß sich Chlorwasserstoff aus Chlor durch Verbrennen mit Wasserstoff oder durch Überleiten von Chlor- und Wasserdampf über erhitzte Kohle (Chemiker-Zeitung 19r2, S. 54) herstellen läßt. Chlor- und Wasserstoff liefern eine chemisch reine Salzsäure, doch ist Wasserstoff hierfür zu wertvoll; er wird vorteilhafter für andere Zwecke gebraucht. Die Verwendung von Kohle und Wasserdampf ist zwar billig, doch stören dabei die in der Kohle enthaltenen Beimengungen, welche als flüchtige Chloride in die Salzsäure gehen und sie verunreinigen. Naumann und Mudford (Ber. 30, 1897, S. 347) haben Salzsäure aus Chlor, Wasserdampf und Wassergas dadurch hergestellt, daß sie das Gasgemisch über erhitzte Katalysatoren, wie Kohle oder Porzellan, leiteten.Process for the preparation of hydrogen chloride from chlorine, water gas, and Steam. It is known that hydrogen chloride is derived from chlorine by burning with hydrogen or by passing chlorine and water vapor over heated charcoal (Chemiker-Zeitung 19r2, p. 54) can be produced. Chlorine and hydrogen provide one chemically pure hydrochloric acid, but hydrogen is too valuable for this; he becomes more advantageous used for other purposes. While the use of coal and steam is cheap, but the admixtures contained in the coal, which are considered to be volatile, interfere with it Chlorides go into hydrochloric acid and contaminate it. Naumann and Mudford (Ber. 30, 1897, p. 347) produced hydrochloric acid from chlorine, steam and water gas by that they conducted the gas mixture over heated catalysts such as coal or porcelain.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß sich Salzsäure leicht und in großer Reinheit aus Chlor, fertigem Wassergas und Wasserdampf darstellen läßt. Die Umsetzung verläuft nach der Gleichung: 2 Cl, + H20 + CO + H@ - 4 HCl -f- C02. Sie vollzieht sich ohne Katalysatoren. Ein Überschuß von wenigen Prozenten Wassergas genügt, um chlorfreie Salzsäure zu erzielen. Durch den Zusatz von Wasserdampf wird das Kohlenoxyd des Wassergases ausgenutzt. Man ,erhält etwa die doppelte Ausbeute als mit Wassergas allein ohne Wasserdampf. Die Umsetzung kann in einem einfachen Brenner oder mit Hilfe der sogenannten flammenlosen Verbrennung erfolgen.It has now been found that hydrochloric acid can be prepared easily and in great purity from chlorine, ready-made water gas and water vapor. The conversion proceeds according to the equation: 2 Cl, + H20 + CO + H @ - 4 HCl -f- CO2. It takes place without catalysts. An excess of a few percent water gas is sufficient to achieve chlorine-free hydrochloric acid. By adding steam, the carbon dioxide in the water gas is used. About twice the yield is obtained than with water gas alone without water vapor. The conversion can take place in a simple burner or with the help of what is known as flameless combustion.
Beispiel. Man leitet in einen Brenner einerseits Chlor, anderseits Wassergas, das vorher über Wasser von 6o bis 8o° mit Wasserdampf gesättigt ist. Das austretende Gasgemisch wird angezündet. Man erhält so einen Strom von Chlorwasserstoffgas, das in der üblichen Weise kondensiert wird.Example. Chlorine is fed into a burner on the one hand, and chlorine on the other Water gas that is previously saturated with water vapor above water from 6o to 8o °. The escaping gas mixture is ignited. A stream of hydrogen chloride gas is thus obtained, which is condensed in the usual way.