DE3111745A1 - FERMENTATION PLANT - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fermentation plant according to the preamble of claim 1.

Manure or manure from pets as well as other organic ones Materials can advantageously be used to produce gas that can be used as fuel for combustion in furnaces and / or suitable in internal combustion engines.

The problems to be solved are primarily to obtain a low investment cost, to collect the gas, the organic one Introduce material into the fermentation vessel and remove it from the vessel again without significant loss of gas.

In a farm or an agricultural enterprise of the size that makes gas production attractive,

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there is usually a container or a pit to collect the manure. This is where the present invention comes in and creates a possibility to use such a manure pit or manure container as a fermentation tank.

There have been proposals in this direction, but it was assumed that heavy, stiff roofs were used through which gas conveyor lines pass. Such However, solutions are expensive and there are sealing problems.

The invention is based on the object of creating a fermentation plant of the type mentioned at the beginning, which has a simple and efficient cover for the container, in which contains the organic material to be fermented, mainly manure, this installation having low investment costs and ensuring a safe operation with limited gas losses.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing Part of claim 1 solved.

Further refinements of the invention emerge from the Subclaims.

A fermentation plant according to the invention comprises a fermentation tank for organic material and an elastic one Open the roof to cover the container. There is also a device for feeding organic material, e.g. manure, into the container and for withdrawing the fermented remains from the container Container provided. A line is used to draw off the generated gas.

The invention has a roof with an openwork carrier arrangement made of strips or belts and / or ropes, which are stretched across the top of the tank. An insulating layer is provided in a self-supporting manner on the carrier arrangement.

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The carrier assembly and the insulating layer are each on attached to the outside of the wall of the container.

The insulating layer preferably has an upper and lower gas-tight layer, between which mats or carpets made of insulating material are included.

The support structure is preferably attached to the tank wall by means of means located below the top edge of the wall are provided. The edge portions of the upper and lower layers are gas-tightly attached to the tank wall by means which are arranged higher along the tank wall than the device for securing or fastening the carrier arrangement. The upper part of the tank wall is preferably through covered a gas tight sheet extending over the top edge of the tank wall and along the inner surface of the wall hangs down to below the normal operating level or level of the organic material inside the container.

When the material in the layers is in set pieces is divided, which extend over the tank, the individual pieces can overlap along their longitudinal edges. At In a longitudinal connection, the edges of an upper and lower inserted piece can be placed over the edges of the meeting or extend past adjacent pieces to be firmly joined together by seams spaced on the inside of the Edges of these pieces run, creating free edge sections on the inside of the continuously running upper and lower layers are formed. The free edge sections are sewn together through the insulating material.

The roof or cover consists of a support network made of synthetic resin or plastic straps and on top there is a heat-insulating, elastically deformable cover, the double layers of gas-tight cloth or made of

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gastight foil include mats of insulating material.

A preferred embodiment of the fermentation plant according to the invention is described below with reference to the drawing to explain further features. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a fermentation plant for gas generation according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 from above, with part of the cover removed,

3 shows a detailed view on an enlarged scale to illustrate the attachment of the roof to the tank wall, and

Fig. 4 details of the roof or the cover during the application and attachment of the same.

In Fig. 1, a fermentation vessel 10 is shown and Partly inserted into the ground in the manner customary in fertilizer or manure basins on farms. Basins of this type can are designed with different cross-sections, but are often circular to simplify construction. A shaft 11 is arranged sunk at a short distance from the container 10. The shaft 11 is dimensioned such that it provides access and contains equipment as described below. The container 10 and the Shafts 11 are connected to one another via a channel or passage 12 that is large enough for a person to crawl through. During operation, the container or The tank 10 and the shaft 11 are filled with the fermentation material 13 which does not exceed a level 14 in the container 10 should, but leaves a space 15 above this level to collect the gas. The tank 10 is referred to below as the container.

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The container 10 is covered with a roof 16, which will be described below and it is essential that the container is completely closed at the top. Gas is released or drawn off via a line 17, wherein the gas from the Gassammei space 15 is passed into the container via a U-shaped section through the channel 12 and passed through the shaft 11 upwards to to be connected to any consumer. Advantageously, a certain type of gas storage boiler or gas storage container is provided, but is this gas storage boiler not darges.tellt in the drawing.

The container 10 and the shaft 11 work as communicating Tubes; when there is gas pressure in space 15, a level rises 18 for the material located in the shaft 11 above the level 14 in the container 10. It is therefore important that the Shaft has such a height that the material located therein, despite an expected difference h between the two levels 14 and 18 does not run out over the edge of the shaft. The amount of communicating in the two Tubes contained material can be controlled in a suitable manner, which is not to be described in detail.

The operation of the fermentation plant is simplified if the fertilizer or manure is in a liquid state; 1 shows a device 19 very schematically to forward the manure. It is assumed that fresh manure is introduced into facility 19 at 20 and the fermented residue is withdrawn at 21. The fermentation process is promoted by the fermentation material by it is stirred, which is caused here by a part of the liquid material to be withdrawn via a line 22 to be and then to be pumped back via a further line 23. The line 23 is next to or near the bottom of the Container 10 is closed off by a nozzle which allows continuous movement within the bulk of the fermentation material

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maintains. Possibly heat can flow through a heating coil 24 are supplied. The shaft 11 is closed by a cover 25, but it is not necessary to have any Provide seal. The gas volume generated in the shaft 11 is insignificant and can flow out or leak out.

An essential feature of the present invention is the roof 16 which covers the fermentation vessel 10; the roof 16 must be light in weight and made of materials that are resistant to the atmosphere in the container; In addition, the roof should be able to adjust itself or adjust itself to changes in pressure without the There is a risk of leakage, with pressure changes occurring from time to time.

Fig. 2 shows how a network 26 of belts made of synthetic resin, for example butylene rubber or butyl rubber, which in suitable Way are reinforced, over the edges of the wall of the container 10 are stretched. Instead of such a belt you can ropes can also be used. The ropes are attached to the outside of the wall of the container 10 in such a way as to as described in connection with Fig. 3 and form a supporting structure for the gas-tight cover 16, the Pressure of the gas through the mesh of the network 26 is exposed.

Fig. 3 shows a portion 27 of the upper part of the wall of the container 10. A layer of butylene cloth (cloth) 28 is over the Wall hung to cover the top of the same and hangs down slightly over that along the inner surface of the wall down normal level 14 of the manure in the bin. The gas in the chamber 15 thus has no way of hitting the wall of the container or to penetrate the pit. As already described, the straps or ropes run over the support assembly 26 the top of the wall and are attached to the outside of the walls by suitable means 29 spaced below

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the top edge of the wall. Such fastening means 29 are indicated in FIG. 3.

A cover suitable for the roof 16 has a lower layer of gas-tight cloth or fabric 30, preferably a butylene material, insulating blankets 31 and an outer reinforced synthetic resin cloth 32, for example PVC plastics. Both layers extend over and are on the outer surface of the wall of the container 10 attached by means 33 including a rod 34 extending continuously around the container 10, and several bolts 35 to press the rod against the wall. The bolts 35 can easily be down between the extending ends of the straps or ropes are arranged in the supporting structure 26. When gas is generated, it rises the pressure in the space 15 increases, as indicated above, and the cover 16 is then expanded outwards, as indicated by dashed lines at 36 in FIG. 1 If the gas pressure is reduced, for example during the exchange of the material contained in the container 10, the cover collapses and rests on the assembly 26.

In the case of large roofs, it is not possible to have continuous or continuous base layers and insulating ceilings sufficient To create size so that it is necessary to work with inserted pieces that are on a path across the container 10 extend and which are connected to one another in a suitable manner. The layers 30, 32 are supplied in pieces with a standardized width and it is possible to weld a number of such pieces together into a layer of sufficient size to completely cover the container 10. That Insulating material 31 can be in lengths or ceilings of a certain width to be delivered. A connection between the individual pieces of the cloth can preferably be through the in connection with Fig. 4 described manner before the container 10 is covered.

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If the gas-tight cover is to be placed or fastened on the supporting arrangement or unit 26 the layers together with the connections (joints) between the inserted pieces parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rolls formed rolled. The first layer or sheet 30 is placed on top of the support assembly and one end thereof is attached to the wall of the container 10 attached. Then the insulating material 31 is placed in place on and past the first connection of the individual pieces. Preferably the lower layer not rolled far beyond the first connection of the individual pieces, as this makes it easier to make the connection to complete. Finally, the top sheet 32 is rolled out onto the joint and the two sheets and the insulating material are bonded together, i.e. fastened to one another.

Fig. 4 shows a preferred way in which the materials can be secured against each other, assuming that the work is carried out from right to left. The sections 30a and 32a of the layers of "later" individual pieces 37 cover previous inserted pieces 38 and extend outwardly opposite the layer sections 30b, 32b. Then they are welded, vulcanized or in some other way permanently connected to one another with the help of seams 39, 40, which are at a distance on the inside of the longitudinal edges of the "preceding" Sections run.

The inserted pieces 38 result in free edges in this way 41, 42, which can be provided with openings that are in turn reinforced by eyelets. These edge sections can be sewn together or tied together with the aid of cords 43 be passed through the insulating material by a suitable needle and the eyelets are pushed through. Mineral wool is preferably used as an insulating material and can be in two layers be provided, taking care that folds or overlaps between the panels or mats or carpets in

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the two layers occur in staggered positions. The standard width of the insulating material is often smaller than the width of the pieces of cloth used. There is no difficulty in folding the edges during attachment of the insulating material, so that the lower edge portion 42 of the lower position is attainable.

The reference numeral 44 indicates how the remainder of the roll of the top layer 32 on the insulating material during the The sewing process. In this way, there are none on the inward and downward facing surfaces of the fabric layers sewn connections that could cause gas leakage, rather, there will be a satisfactory restraint between the layers and the insulating material.

The embodiment described above with reference to the drawings constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention. The fermentation tank can be based on a manure container or a manure pit of a farm however, it can also be specially designed for the production of gas. The organic material can be manure or fertilizers of various types, either in the form of a liquid or converted into a liquid which can be pumped. This results in a simple handling within the communicating rooms, which by the Container 10 and the shaft 11 are formed.

The fermentation vessel 10 can be insulated by a bottom insulation 45 and outside the part of the vessel 10, which extends above the ground level, additionally be insulated with a water-resistant layer 46. To be adequate To obtain a seal against gas leakage, the lower layer or ply 30 can be cut to adhere to the outer contour of the wall of the container 10 is matched, i.e. corresponds to the outer shape of the wall. A vertical border that hangs down along the outside of the wall, then becomes along

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vulcanized to the circumference of the cut layer. To this This avoids creases that easily occur if too large a layer is folded or folded over the edge of the wall will. A strip of soft material can be provided between the rod 34 and the underlying layers of fabric sheets so that effective pressure is applied can be.

It is not necessary to place the ropes or strips in the supporting arrangement in any regular, criss-cross pattern to be provided. Alternatively, some of the cords or strips or straps can run diagonally across the container 10, so that they meet in the center of the container 10 like spokes in a wheel.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Fermentation plant for generating gas from organic material, preferably manure, with a fermentation tank for the organic material, an elastic roof to cover the container and a device for feeding the organic material in the container and for drawing off fermented remains as well as with a pipe for drawing off of gas, characterized in that the roof (16) consists of a perforated support arrangement (26) Straps and / or ropes stretched across the top of the container (10) and an insulating layer (30 to 32) which is freely supported by the carrier assembly, and that the carrier assembly and the insulating layer or insulating layer are each attached to the outside of the wall (27) of the container (10). 2; Fermentation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that S / br 130064/0703 that the insulating layer (30 to 32) an upper and a has lower gas-tight layer (30,32) which enclose between them mats (31) made of insulating material. 3. Fermentation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that that the carrier assembly (26) is attached to the container wall by means (29) which are below the upper edge the wall (27) are attached and that the edge portions of the upper and lower layers (30,32) are gas-tight the wall of the container (10) are attached by means (33) which are higher above the tank wall than the means (29) are arranged, which the carrier assembly (26) secure. 4. Fermentation plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper part of the container wall (27) is covered by a gas-tight layer (28) which extends over the upper edge of the container wall (27) and down along the inner surface of the wall below the normal working level (14) of the organic material hangs down inside the container (10). 5. Fermentation plant according to at least one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the material in the layers (30,32) is divided into inserted pieces which extend over the container, characterized in that the inserted pieces (30a, 30b; 32a, 32b) overlap each other along their longitudinal edges these inserted pieces at a longitudinal connection of the edges of an upper and lower piece at the edges of the meeting or adjacent pieces (30b, 32b) and are firmly connected to one another by hems (39,40), which run at a distance on the inside of the edges of the last-mentioned pieces, as a result of which free edge sections (41, 42) on the inside the continuous upper and lower layers (30,32) are formed, and that the free edge portions (41,42) are sewn together by the insulating material (31). 130064/0703