DE2744571A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A COLORED, UNWORN AND STABILIZED FIBER TAPE AND FIBER TAPE MANUFACTURED BY THE METHOD - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

MANITZ, FINSTERWALD & GRÄMKOW

PAVENA AG, Basel Munich, October 4, 1977

S / ri - P 3064

Method and device for producing a colored, untwisted and stabilized sliver and according to the Process produced sliver

The invention relates to a method for producing a colored and stabilized, untwisted sliver, in which an untwisted fiber structure with a liquid for Binding of the fibers is impregnated, which contains a dye, as well as a dyed produced by the process and stabilized, untwisted sliver and a device for carrying out the method.

From DT-AS 1 510 377 and DT-OS 2 443 694 it is known Manufacture dyed and stabilized, untwisted fiber ribbons, i.e. colored stable ribbons, their individual fibers in the spinning mill colored and tied against each other. With these

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DR. C. MANITZ · DIPL.-INC. M. FINSTERWALD DIPL. -INC. W. GRAMKOW ZENTRALKASSE BAYER. FOLK BANKS

β MÖNCHEN 22. ROBERT-KOCH-STRASSE 1 7 STUTTCART 50 (BAD CANNSTATT) MÖNCHEN. KO N TO - N U MM E R 7 3 7

TEL. (089) 22 42 II. TELEX OS - 29672 PATMF SEELBERCSTR. 23/25. TEL. (0711) 56 7 2 61 POSTSCHECKrMONCHEN 77062-805

older fiber

Known procedure is a continuous non-rotated bandage soaked in a liquid that contains a chemical compound to bind the fibers and a dye. Excess liquid is then squeezed off using pressure and the fibers are closed on all sides compacted into a compact belt. When exposed to heat, i.e. when the temperature rises, the individual fibers become of the compact tape is bonded to each other and dyed, and the compact tape is dried so that the dyed and stabilized sliver is obtained.

In the prior art mentioned in the first place above, the individual fibers are bonded to one another by means of an adhesive glued. In the second state of the art, the fiber material is chemically activated when the temperature is increased Connection activated so that the fibers are bound against each other by the fiber material.

From CH-PS 559 780 and 559 788 it is known in the continuous production of a stable band or twistless yarn, the individual fibers of which are bound against each other, to feed the compact moist tape or the moist fuse into a steam atmosphere after compression. This is on the fed tape initially caused a condensation of liquid from the steam atmosphere and then below mutual binding of the fibers by evaporation of the introduced and dried the condensed liquid. The con-

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Densation treatment can be done, as described in CH-PS 561 318 is described.

Although with the known impregnations an even distribution of the liquid in the fiber structure and thus also the Bonding of the fibers to one another after drying the same can be achieved when dyeing the fibers, i. in the event that the impregnation liquid contains a dye, Inadequate color fastness of the fiber material and / or inadequate, i.e. too low, color yield of the dye occur, so that the requirements placed on dyeing the fiber material are not met to the desired extent will.

Because of the insufficient stability of the resulting after compaction moist fiber bandage, it is necessary in the same as quickly as possible without interim laying down to create the mutual bonding of the fibers under the temperature increase or faster drying, i.e. the untwisted Stabilize tape or yarn. This is necessary for the rapid production of a uniform binding of the fibers However, the procedure is contrary to the conditions that are necessary for a desired fixation of the dye on the fibers are. With the condensation treatment already mentioned, the color fastness and the color yield can be improved

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because the dye is fixed in a humid steam atmosphere takes place. However, due to the mechanical sensitivity of the wet belt, it is not possible to leave the treatment room to effectively seal off the inlet opening for the moist sliver from the outside air. The percentage of steam in the Treatment chamber is therefore limited to a certain extent in this procedure, so that the steam atmosphere for the dye Fixation is not sufficiently effective and the coloration remains unsatisfactory, especially since, as mentioned above, rapid drying of the sliver is necessary for technical reasons.

Practice has shown that the color fastness is insufficient and color yields in the known methods on an irregular, e.g. "punctiform" distribution of the Dye on the fiber surface is due. One As is well known, the more the entire surface of the fiber has a regular layer of color, the better the color is covered. If, for example, the dye is distributed "punctiformly" on the fiber surface, the achieved one appears Color is lighter with the same amount of dye used. Therefore, the lower the color yield, the worse it is the color fastness.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device to propose for the production of a colored and stabilized, untwisted sliver with which the required

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technical bonding properties with an optimal Distribution of the dye can be obtained as in the exhaust process, i.e. in which the dye uniformly affects the individual fibers and completely covered at least superficially.

This object is achieved by a method for producing a colored, stabilized and untwisted sliver, in which the compact fiber tape provided with fixed and unfixed dye content after drying in a hot, The atmosphere containing water vapor is dampened and, at a certain temperature and duration, the previously not fixed, locally concentrated incoherent dye content practically completely on the fibers evenly and contiguously over the Surface is distributed and thus fixed.

With the method according to the invention, chimney is more advantageous Remove the still moist sliver that is produced after compression as quickly as possible due to the increase in temperature be stabilized so that it has, for example, sufficient mechanical insensitivity for the subsequent damping process. By quickly bringing about the stability of the tape, an optimal regularity of the mutual Binding of the fibers, in particular optimal longitudinal and transverse stability of the same, can be achieved. The immediate after the fiber structure has been squeezed off, the optimum

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Distribution of the liquid can therefore be maintained practically undisturbed because of the rapid drying For example, migration of the liquid responsible for binding the fibers in the fiber structure is avoided or kept low.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention the fiber structure can be carried out continuously, i.e. in one uninterrupted cycle of soaking, drying and be subjected to subsequent steaming for practically complete fixation of the dye. The procedure can, however can also be carried out discontinuously, i.e. the continuous passage of the fiber structure after drying interrupted and the process continued with steaming in a separate operation.

In a further embodiment, the damping can take place in the tension-free state of the sliver.

The untwisted sliver produced, dyed and stabilized by the process according to the invention contains dyed fine fibers in which the dye is practically completely distributed and fixed on the fibers evenly and coherently over the surface. The sliver can have a stability that is suitable for a draft on a drafting system, but it can also have a stability that is suitable for

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immediate further processing into a textile end product, e.g. a fabric.

The device for carrying out the method comprises an impregnation device for the impregnation of the sliver, which a feeding device for the liquid and squeezing and compacting rollers with lateral cover plates and a dryer with a drying gas atmosphere and a seal-free inlet opening for the fiber structure and is characterized in that it has a series of fibers following the dryer from the fiber structure or fiber band traversed damper with a water vapor containing Contains atmosphere, and that the damper is provided with a seal at the inlet and outlet openings is, which allows the passage of the sliver, but the exchange of the water vapor-containing atmosphere with the Ambient air prevented.

The sequence of impregnation device, dryer and The damper has the advantage that in one continuous operation the practically complete fixing of the previous one Trocimation of non-fixed dye content on the fibers while equalizing its spatial distribution can take place on the fiber surface immediately after drying.

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The invention is illustrated below in exemplary embodiments the drawings explained in more detail.

It shows:

1 shows a system with impregnation device, dryer and damper in a schematic representation,

2 shows another plant with an impregnation device, Dryer and steamer in a schematic representation,

3a is a photographic representation of a prior art the technique dyed fiber magnified 250 times and

Figure 3b is a photographic image of a dyed fiber with fumes after drying in the same Enlargement as in Fig. 3a.

Starting from an untwisted staple fiber strand, which is supplied by a suitable preparation machine, e.g. a card can be, is in a known manner in the fiber structure Introduced in excess liquid, which contains a chemical compound to bind the fibers and a dye. the Liquid can also contain accompanying chemicals or substances to fix the dye or the Binding of the fibers to one another with an increase in temperature

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cheap. It should be noted that the fibers are bonded to one another both due to bonding by means of an actual adhesive and by binding the fibers through the Fiber material itself can be clever.

After the fiber structure has been soaked with the liquid, the excess liquid is squeezed out of the Fiber structure and the all-round compression of the fiber structure using pressure to form a compact fiber band. That the non-rotating, still moist sliver produced in this way, made of fibers that are largely parallel to one another exists, has such a strength or longitudinal and transverse stability in this state, which is due to the adhesive forces of the fibers among each other is determined in a moist state. The type of material being processed (substrate, crimp, Fineness, etc.) and the properties of the liquid (an first and foremost their toughness) are of great importance for the achievable values of this wet strip strength. Experience has shown that the moist sliver produced in this way has a distribution of the liquid that can be considered optimal. The wet sliver gets first subjected to a thermal treatment with an increase in temperature, with which the fibers are bound together and dyed and drying the tape. Such a thermal treatment

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Treatment with an increase in temperature, which, among other things, aims to dry the fiber material, takes place in a drying gas atmosphere. For this purpose, a hot gas, for example air, or a gas-vapor atmosphere can be used, whereby in the latter case a sufficient capacity for the impregnating liquid to be dampened is a prerequisite. A particularly favorable solution is the use of hot air and superheated steam, as well as their mixtures, since these are inexpensive elements. In principle, however, nothing stands in the way of using other gases and / or vapors. The binding of the fibers can occur both as a result of the evaporation of the liquid which dissolves the adhesive, with which the adhesive becomes active, and as an effect of the temperature increase, through which a so-called latent compound is activated. It is known that every thermal treatment with an increase in temperature must also cause a certain fixation of the dye, which means that the fibers are already colored in this operation, since part of the dye is permanently fixed on the fibers after drying. Experience has shown that the fiber tape produced in this way, which corresponds to the state of the art, has the following properties, which are largely dependent on the type of fiber material and the binding mechanism of the fibers to one another and on the dyeing mechanism used:

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a) a very high longitudinal and qu '; r'5cebili *: ät, soft as Result of a largely migration-free drying a has high regularity and very good conditions both for the direct further processing of the sliver as a twistless yarn, if the binding of the fibers with one another is to serve this purpose, as well as for its Further processing with a breaking of the fiber bonds by warping the tape, if this is the purpose of the binding should be able to meet. Such a sliver is therefore extremely robust and insensitive to mechanical ones Stresses and can therefore be subjected to further treatments, both mechanically and thermally, without hesitation will.

b) Part of the dye is fixed on the fibers, i.e. permanently bound to them. The rest of the dye however, is not yet fixed on the fibers. So you can use a "pre-fixation" of the dye speak. The dyeing is therefore not yet finished in this state, since the dye yield is still unacceptable is present.

c) The distribution of the dye on the fiber surface is more or less "punctiform", i.e. the dye has concentrated more in certain places than in others. This poor distribution of the dye is, among other things, for the incomplete fixation of the dye Point b) responsible.

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Overall, the sliver is in the same stage of the manufacturing process very well suited for further processing as it has optimal mechanical properties. It but still has such defects in terms of dyeing technology that it cannot be used in this state due to insufficient color fastness must be considered.

The now dried and pre-fixed sliver is steamed in a hot atmosphere containing water vapor subjected. As a result of this damping, the proportion of dye that has not yet fixed on the fibers is practically complete evenly and coherently distributed on the fibers over the surface and thus fixed, whereby the temperature of the dampening medium and the duration of the damping, among other things, depending on the fiber material, dye, depth of color, desired color fastness, to get voted. Thanks to the fact that the dried sliver can withstand every imaginable mechanical load is, there are in principle no mechanical limits for the duration and effectiveness of this Attenuation given. Only the thermal resistance of the material and the dye do not make it exceeding limits for the attenuation.

The effect of the damping is explained by the fact that this operation is associated with a swelling of the fibers (See hand dictionary of the entire technology, Deutsche Verlagsanstalt Stuttgart and Berlin, edition 1935, volume 1, page 228,

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Steam) the not yet fixed dye file1 back into Solution is brought, so that in this state it has its spatial position, in the sense of an equalization of the distribution on the fiber surface.

In principle, the method described here for creating a colored, stabilized and untwisted Apply sliver to every type of fiber and dye, taking into account of course the damping conditions (temperature, Duration, percentage water vapor content of the damping medium) must be adapted to the existing case. Also through The application of this process achievable results including above all the color fastness, are from the substrate and from Color dependent. However, in terms of character, they correspond to those with conventional exhaust dyeing can be achieved. By using the inventive It is possible to use the well-known advantages of the impregnation technique used here with a flawless method Combine coloring of the slivers. In particular, in many cases it is possible to produce slivers or yarns, which can be used for the creation of textile fabrics without any washing operation can be brought.

In the case of a discontinuous procedure, the dried Sliver is first collected in suitable packs (cans, bobbins, etc.) and these are then discontinuous,

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e.g. in an autoclave or in a tunnel-like continuous dryer, subjected to damping. However, it is also easily possible and also more interesting from a technical point of view to carry out all process steps continuously, i.e. so that the dampening of the sliver takes place in the same operation as the impregnation and drying of the same.

A device for carrying out the inventive The method in this variant is shown schematically in Fig. 1, for example. Made from suitably prepared slivers, e.g. Card slivers, existing fiber aggregate 1 is an impregnation device 2, which is an introduction device for the liquid and squeegee and compacting rollers with side cover plates, for the impregnation, the squeezing of the Excess liquid and the all-round compression of the fibers to form a compact, moist sliver 3 is supplied. Such an impregnation device is already described in Swiss Patent No. 426 704, for example.

The moist, compact sliver is then fed into a drying chamber in which a drying There is a gas atmosphere. Such a suitable drying chamber for the thermal treatment of the prior to drying mechanically very sensitive fiber ribbons is described in detail e.g. in DT-OS 2 229 890, so here on

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a detailed description of this apparatus is dispensed with. For the reasons mentioned above, the moist sliver must be introduced without contact through an entry opening 4 of the dryer jacket 5, so that this drying chamber cannot be sealed off from the outside atmosphere. In the interior of the drying jacket 5, supported on bearings 6 and 7, a receiving basket 8, which has a surface that changes in the longitudinal direction and on which the fiber sliver is wound in the form of a helix, rotates. The helix is transported from left to right so that the sliver can be moved out of the chamber through an opening after the end of the thermal treatment. This thermal treatment causes the fibers to bind to one another and to dry the sliver with an increase in temperature, with part of the dye being fixed. With this device, the length of this treatment and thus the intensity of the action can be adapted firstly by a suitable choice of the dimensions of the drying chamber and secondly by changing the pitch of the helix of the sliver on the receiving basket 8. Of course, the temperature of the drying medium and its composition also play a major role. These are chosen so that this thermal treatment can take place within a period of a few seconds to approx. 10 minutes, with values of approx. 2 minutes preferably proving to be optimal. The sliver is now, for continuous further processing in a second treatment apparatus 11

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retracted, in which an atmosphere containing water vapor prevails and which, as shown in FIG. 1, basically has the same structure as the drying chamber described above up / down. The decisive difference, however, is that both the inlet opening for the sliver 13 and the outlet opening 14 of this treatment apparatus 11 with are equipped with a seal, which allows the passage of the sliver, but the exchange of the water vapor containing Prevents atmosphere with the ambient air.

The practically total seal between the ambient air and the treatment chamber of the treatment apparatus 11 allows a very high water vapor content in this chamber To realize the atmosphere until it is saturated, which is very important for the achievable success of the damping.

The dampened, colored, rotation-free sliver emerges from the treatment apparatus 11 through the outlet opening 14 out and is wound onto a spool 15. The damping conditions can be determined by a suitable choice of the dimensions of the treatment apparatus 11, the throughput speed the material, the temperature, the pressure and the steam content of the damping atmosphere the given conditions, i.e. primarily to the processed material and the used staining mechanism.

Fig. 2 shows a variant, also shown schematically, of the device of Fig. G ^ gg ₁ 5 / _{Q ß?} 3

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This variant differs from that of FIG. 1 only in that an apparatus such as that described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 36-4913 is used for the damping. Such an apparatus consists essentially of a U-shaped sliver store 16, at the two ends of which an inlet opening 17 and an outlet opening 18, which are sealed against the fiber sliver, are provided. The fiber sliver is stored in the U-shaped sliver store 16 in the form of folds or loops and shifted as a column from the inlet to the outlet opening. Here, too, a suitable damping atmosphere is created and maintained in the tape store 1b by suitable means not shown. The advantage of this arrangement is to be seen in the fact that the damping can take place here in the tension-free state of the sliver, so that the sliver is given the opportunity for tension-free shrinkage during this operation, which gives it a more voluminous character. With this device it is therefore possible to produce yarns with the so-called high bulk character. Also, this apparatus has the advantage that it can accommodate a large -bange of sliver, which also relatively long treatment times (on the order of approximately J) O min. At a sliver production of eg 5OO m / min.) Quite possible are.

On the basis of a representative example, by means of a direct comparison between one after the prior art produced sliver and a sliver produced according to the inventive method, the great advantages of the invention are explained.

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Example;

A template made of nylon fibers ΡΛ 6, with a fiber thickness of 6 denier and a staple length of 150 mm, was passed through suitable preparation processed into a fiber bandage of 333 tex. This fiber structure then became an impregnation device supplied for its impregnation, as described e.g. in the already mentioned Swiss Patent No. 426 704, and immediately afterwards in a suitable device a drying heat treatment with the later subject to further specified conditions. In the given case, a Dryer used, the structure of which corresponded to that of the device of DT-OS 2 229 890 already mentioned.

For the comparison, a stabilized sliver was first produced, the individual fibers of which through the fiber material were bound against each other. About the manner in which such a connection can come about is here Reference is made to DT-OS 2,443,694, where such examples are described in detail.

The impregnation was carried out with an aqueous-acidic dye liquor, which was added to one liter of water for binding of the fibers which are necessary but not essential for the present invention and therefore not further mentioned here, contained the following dyes:

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39 g of the dye Nylosan orange E-GNS, 2744571 16g of the dye Nylosan blue F-GBL 180% from Sandoz AG, Basel, Switzerland.

The impregnation with this liquor was followed by squeezing the fiber structure down to a liquid content of approx. 40% in the fiber structure using a specific one

Surface pressure of approx. 200 kg / cm.

The compact and still moist sliver was then fed into the mentioned dryer, v / o it the effect of an intensely drying mixture of air and water vapor during a cycle time of 51 seconds with approx. 30% water vapor content and 140 C was subjected. The production speed was 500 m / min.

During this treatment, the fibers were bonded to one another, the sliver dried and part of the dye fixed on the fibers.

The stabilized sliver produced with it, wound in bobbins, corresponded to the state of the art and was therefore used as a comparison for the advantages that can be achieved by the method according to the invention.

A part of these coils was further according to the invention Subject to damping. This was here called discontinuous

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Operation performed in a so-called vacuum damper. After the air had been removed, water vapor at 98 ° C. was allowed to flow into the steamer. The treatment lasted 30 minutes.

The color fastness properties of the comparison tapes were then determined determined with and without damping (Table 1). The following values resulted:

Authenticity
test

Applied test standards

Rating for

Without
damping

Lightfast SNV 195809 xenon lamp from 1966

Hit cushioning

Rub-proof
Ness SNV
from 195831
1957 dry 3-4 5 Rub-proof
Ness SNV
from 195831
1957 wet 1-2 4-5 Water right
Ness SNV 195813 Color changes
tion 4th 5 mild from 1957 Bleeding 2-3 4th Water right
is strict SNV 195819 Color changes
tion 4th 5 from 1957 Bleeding 2-3 3-4 Washable
Ness SNV 195811 Color changes
tion 2 4th Test 1 40 C from 1961 Bleeding 3-4 3-4

SNV standards = standards of the Swiss Association for Standardization

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The comparison of the values of the color fastness shows that durc the method according to the invention is decisive for the quality of the coloration could be improved.

The sliver of this example from Tex 333 can advantageously be used directly as an already dyed carpet yarn used, i.e. further processed v / ground. However, this is only possible with the sliver damped according to the invention possible, since the color fastness of the conventional comparison tape is not yet sufficient for such a use. Further These slivers differ in that the steamed sliver is clear despite the same dye recipe looks darker, i.e. corresponds to a better color yield. This is due to the better distribution of the dye.

Figures 3a and 3b each show a greatly enlarged section (Magnification 250 times) of the comparison tapes, with 3a being the conventional fiber tape and 3b being the fiber tape according to the invention demonstrate. As can be clearly seen, in case 3a the dye is still largely incoherently concentrated individual spots on the fiber surface (dot-like coloring), while in 3b the fibers over the entire surface

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are colored. These pictures show that the inventive Attenuation of the dye, which was originally poorly distributed according to Figure 3a, is evenly distributed over the fibers, whereby the dyeing takes on the desired character of conventional exhaust dyeing.

Very similar results can be obtained with other fiber materials and dyes by using the method according to the invention can be achieved, whereby it is also irrelevant whether the damping operation is discontinuous, e.g. in an autoclave, or continuously in the same operation as impregnation and drying.

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Claims (1)

27U571 Claims 1. A method for producing a colored, stabilized and untwisted sliver in which an untwisted fiber structure soaked with a liquid that contains a chemical compound to bind the fibers and a dye contains, excess liquid is squeezed off under the application of pressure and the fibers become one on all sides compact tape are compressed, the individual fibers of the compact tape against each other with an increase in temperature bound, dyed and the tape is dried, characterized in that it is fixed with a and unfixed dyestuff-provided compact sliver after drying in a hot, steam-containing sliver The atmosphere is subdued and, at a certain temperature and duration, the previously not fixed, locally concentrated incoherent dye content practically completely on the fibers evenly and coherently over the surface is distributed and so fixed. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the fiber structure is steamed in a continuous flow after drying. 8098 15/0673 ORfGINAL INSPECTED 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the passage of the fiber structure is interrupted after drying and the fiber band in one separate operation is damped. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping in Tension-free state of the sliver takes place. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the containing water vapor The atmosphere consists of saturated steam. b. Trapping according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during steaming the dried Sliver is shrunk tension-free. 7. According to the method according to one of the preceding claims produced, dyed and stabilized, untwisted sliver containing dyed individual fibers, in which the dye is practically completely distributed evenly and coherently over the surface of the fibers and is fixed. ö. Sliver according to claim 7> characterized in that that it has a stability for a delay on a drafting system. 809815/0673 - 24 - 27U571 V. Sliver according to claim 7 »characterized in that that it has a stability for immediate further processing into a textile fabric. 10. Sliver according to claim '/ and y, characterized in that it has a high bulk character. 11. Device for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 6 with an impregnation device for Impregnation of the sliver, a feeding device for the liquid and squeezing and compacting rollers with side cover plates, and with a dryer with a drying gas atmosphere and a seal-free entry opening for the fiber structure, thereby characterized in that they have a downstream of the dryer, one after the other from the sliver contains traversed damper with an atmosphere containing water vapor and that the damper at the inlet and Outlet opening is provided with a seal, which allows the passage of the sliver, but the Exchange of the steam-removing atmosphere with the Ambient air prevented. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that both the dryer and the 8098 1 5/0673 - 25 - Damper consist of a chamber which contains a rotating receiving basket with a surface that moves in the longitudinal direction. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the damper is a U-shaped tape storage device. 809815/0673 - 26 -