DE2346819A1 - Nuclear fusion reactor - with magnet field of outwardly increasing density to confine the plasma stream - Google Patents

Abstract

Fusion reactor has a magnetic field impregnated reaction chamber, in which the magnetic field runs round the inner wall (vacuum wall) forming a magnetic envelope with a field density increasing in the direction of the wall i.e. a falling field density towards the plasma volume. The magnetic field does not penetrate and therefore influence, the ion reaction zone and drives ion back into this because of its outwardly increasing density. The reactor chamber specif. comprises rotationally symmetrical astroid with two toroidal-shaped edge closures. The vessel is lined throughout with a magnetic envelope having a field density =100kG increasing in the direction of the vessel wall.

Description

ν.-ί.>. · .ν..ίη ί / Ι & Γ ¹ ΰ ü re η, Sept. 8, 197j>

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. ' ι> - 'riiriciur. ^ concerns ei no η thermonuclear fusion reactor for F-ner /' io- ■ ·. · :: .-., 7J. "..; (I-'usi onr-warm) from predominantly deuterium-tritium reactions, ..;.! - v-r rl ei .chzoiti., ^ cr Tritiuinccv / Innunf, i η'einem the reaction vessel ax- > ..; .. ion n.ui. ^ i ^ o-a lithium :. ', a al el (fusion breeder reactor).

The I? E "ktionüka :: irr.er has, according to Fig. 1, the shape of a rotationally syrnr.i.Irish Autroidon" it ^ .- t.-i toroidal edge closures. Das! ■ io. "Iktor. ^ O;". ^: Iß is on the inside with a magnetic cover on all sides a-uji. ^ Ekleidöt and has a field density increasing towards the vessel wall (up to üt, v; - i 100 kG). This is generated with the inwardly curved vessel ring G and the two ÜT.lcnkspulen S1 and S? (Fig. L). The axes of symmetry of the two deflecting coils lie in the axis of symmetry of the vessel.

7ir. Such a magnetic field has an outwardly increasing density (to the .oh.T. "; ndn ß-Viertc) independently drives the ions that have penetrated the field back into the reaction zone (divertor property) and thus protects the V-iküumwand (1st V / and ) before. Material removal. Due to the outward direction:; ". Undc ^v clddichtc (shorter field line length outside than inside) an absolutely stable plasma injection is achieved, since the restoring forces on the clays become stronger the deeper they penetrate the denser magnetic field (2).

The actual reaction zone is completely free of magnetic fields, which means viic / unioncwahrcchcinlichkoit towards others, with from magnetic field through.soi.zten Plasmas is significantly improved. The raagnetfeid-free !: ■ · .arri is created by the two short-circuited, .superconducting UtalenknpuLon reached, which is known to have no passage for foreign fields through her <; Allow your own opulent space.

509813/0191

Ι ^ α, υ heating up the planmas during commissioning as well as di <.- "ufLihrun ·" .-. <■ :: ·. i'rennstoffr: during the, companies (oversupply ₍ ^ ι; υη dv; ^ cl-Ll-wtu-helium) and the re-supply of the loss rate to dan Lejcion ::. · .- :: <· '"- i' eldeinnnürungen, is made with two highly authoritative Lecher. P "! ir-rarin ^ bcr.ch '. <·.-nifforn (1). These are on the two sottes ' - ::. ? ο." κϊογ ·; <i ' ^: iii coupled. Instead of two plasma ring accelerators tc-γ; The field density in the guide tube corresponds approximately to the field density in the reaction vessel (Kullenielü). The magnetic flux passed over the envelope field is distributed accordingly the magnetic resistance, on the guide tube and the magnetic framework (reflux).

Those emerging from the action chamber at the FeldeinschnUrungon. Ionon v / indon are predominantly closer to those of the vascular axes. Magnet fold lines around (Fig. 2) and thus get into the magnetic guide tube and into the so-called Qwill field of the pump coil without touching the wall (with the pole faces on the magnet frame). . ', ^! . ^: ir.Tc ·, back into the reaction chamber.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the Ural steering coil and Fig.> A partial cross section through the reactor chamber wall. Is horumgolenkt to the superconducting supply pipe (Due to the MeiiJner-ox field Kffektes, 1933) · with Fig k. Shows how the particle that is not mirrored in the field of compaction of the ^ Umlenkspulen in the reactor vessel ^"11 v / ill, As a result, no removal The supply and discharge pipes for the cryogen and the thermalizer are connected on the outside and lie in the neutron beam shadow of the deflection coil. Since the two deflection coils work in short-circuit mode, no power connections are required.

The neutrons migrating via the magnetic inner wall and the vacuum (Fig. 5) (in the DT reaction it is 1 ^, 1: 17.6 = so "of the total energy) are absorbed in the lithium mantole (blanket) and normalized. This applies both to the blanket in the vessel wall al :;

BAD ORiQiNAL 5 09 813/0191

':. :: ·. i'iir car: '.: "1.-lr.kot in di? r ÜTnlonk:; pulc. Dao lithium is carried over uin <· .-; ·· ITiV-- :: Krei g lau fsystcm, where; erbrütete tritium extracted · .. ·>. .Uo ^'.V: r. r <: is transferred to a second circulatory system.

"ii: Anr.ohlüilrohrlci dunking for don Li thiurr.kreislauf in the reactor f-'i & ranti · Ί v.vr «t» n zv / ecknrlßinorweioe an dun two £ citenw: inden angoiichloßGf.-r .; d.-u.by the (electrically conductive) lithium is transported in the direction of the field and .sonit no flow not obstructed.

7 / eitore dotallicrte information on the technological structure of the individual V / ar.dschichton of the peak vessel ßov / ie of the Uir.lenküpule can also be found in the figures jj and 'j .

If you want to do without a high brood space (tritium) in the lithium jacket, you can use carbon (in the form of graphite) for the vacuum, including carbon, which is less permeable to neutrons. Zin Graphitrr.antel as a vacuum wall ^l: then eats mechanically and thermally substantially higher beiasten as a niobium or ^molybdenum:; n clad. Since the DT Kuaktion from the entire spectrum released F.nergic 30) t fall on the neutron elastic TiückstrcuunE is due to the remaining in PcaktorgcfUß (go on graphite coat) the Selbstau''heizung the plasma to fusion temperature much faster on than If a material is used that allows a continuously high loss of energy due to the migration of neutrons, it is likely that this is the only way to create a usable vacuum wall and, ultimately, a functional fusion reactor.

Tn Petracht printed publications:

Cil'enlegungsschrift: (1) Fusionsreaktor, P22 55 820.9, AT: Τ5.Π.72

Fig. 1-7

Literature: (?)?., I-'ünfor, fundamentals, and results of the controlled tone

Nuclear fusion. Umschau 1969, issue 7, p. 20? -POC

50981 3/0191

Claims (4)

iVitrnfc.-innprUcho 1. Fusion reactor rait the Rcaktionnkammur we.uctir.ci .-. U field, characterized in that the magnetic field in the ν; ο: · .ι * · ηΙ ι i c ':. · ■ ;. on the inner wall (vacuum wall) runs (magnetic envelope) ur..i ι ir: · has increasing field density, ie decreasing sum Planmavolurr.cn in the direction of the wall. 2. Fusionsrcaktor according to claim 1, characterized in that the Magnetic shell made of a rotationally symmetrical, astroiri-like Vessel and winding configuration and two short-circuited, superconducting steering coils arranged on the inner walls is generated, which counteracts the vascular winding cjr.> i. 3. Fusion reactor according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the heating of the reaction plasma by means of two high-energy units Plasma ring accelerator or a pump coil (conductor ring) made is, which via zv / ei magnetically excited guide tubes with the inner HUllenfcld of the reactor is coupled. 4. Fusion reactor with a magnetic penetrating the reaction chamber Field as described and drawn (further endowed claims Reserved). For this purpose two sheets of drawings BATH 509813/0191 Blank page