DE2322570A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von halogenhydratschaum - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von halogenhydratschaumInfo
- Publication number
- DE2322570A1 DE2322570A1 DE2322570A DE2322570A DE2322570A1 DE 2322570 A1 DE2322570 A1 DE 2322570A1 DE 2322570 A DE2322570 A DE 2322570A DE 2322570 A DE2322570 A DE 2322570A DE 2322570 A1 DE2322570 A1 DE 2322570A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- halohydrate
- aqueous solution
- halogen gas
- reservoir
- foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052686 Californium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical group ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052781 Neptunium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000120020 Tela Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021475 bohrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002194 freeze distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 halogen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
- H01M12/085—Zinc-halogen cells or batteries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/015—Chlorine hydrates; Obtaining chlorine therefrom
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00257262A US3823036A (en) | 1972-05-26 | 1972-05-26 | Secondary battery comprising means for forming halogen hydrate solid bubble shells |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2322570A1 true DE2322570A1 (de) | 1973-12-06 |
Family
ID=22975549
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2322570A Pending DE2322570A1 (de) | 1972-05-26 | 1973-05-04 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von halogenhydratschaum |
Country Status (6)
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3237784A1 (de) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-05-11 | Energy Development Associates Inc., 48071 Madison Heights, Mich. | Metallhalogenbatterie und verbessertes verfahren zur halogenhydraterzeugung |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3935024A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1976-01-27 | Energy Development Associates | Halogen hydrates |
| US3907592A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1975-09-23 | Energy Dev Ass | Halogen hydrates |
| AU4792072A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1974-04-26 | Omf California Inc | Rechargeable electric energy storage device |
| US3993502A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1976-11-23 | Energy Development Associates | Metal halogen hydrate battery system |
| US4049880A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1977-09-20 | Energy Development Associates | Self-generating halogen liquification in a secondary battery |
| US4162351A (en) * | 1977-10-12 | 1979-07-24 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Metal-halogen cell operation with storage of halogen via organic complexation external to the electrochemical cell |
| US4288507A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-09-08 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Control of edge effects of oxidant electrode |
| US4241150A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1980-12-23 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method for control of edge effects of oxidant electrode |
| JPS5772803A (en) * | 1980-10-02 | 1982-05-07 | Hiyougoken | Manufacture of composite wood by impregnation of wood-plastic |
| US4400446A (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-08-23 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Halogen hydrate storage device for mobile zinc-chloride battery systems |
| US4386140A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1983-05-31 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Multiple stage multiple filter hydrate store |
| US4585709A (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1986-04-29 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for regulating the hydrate formation temperature in a metal-halogen battery |
| US5399444A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-03-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Encapsulated dry electrolyte composition for time release into a solute |
-
1972
- 1972-05-26 US US00257262A patent/US3823036A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-02-15 CA CA164,627A patent/CA1004438A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-05-04 DE DE2322570A patent/DE2322570A1/de active Pending
- 1973-05-24 FR FR7318914A patent/FR2189309B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-05-24 IT IT50186/73A patent/IT1026010B/it active
- 1973-05-25 JP JP48058513A patent/JPS4943129A/ja active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3237784A1 (de) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-05-11 | Energy Development Associates Inc., 48071 Madison Heights, Mich. | Metallhalogenbatterie und verbessertes verfahren zur halogenhydraterzeugung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2189309A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1974-01-25 |
| US3823036A (en) | 1974-07-09 |
| FR2189309B3 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1976-05-14 |
| CA1004438A (en) | 1977-02-01 |
| IT1026010B (it) | 1978-09-20 |
| JPS4943129A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1974-04-23 |
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