DE2258924A1 - COMPRESSOR - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Dipl.-Phys. Gerhard Liedl 8 Munich 22 Steinsdurfstr. 21-22 Tel. 298462

Λ Γ) Η 7 ¹ A

GEOFFREY SEKCOMBE 19, St. Martins Approach, Ii ui slip, Middlesex / England

compressor

The invention relates to a compactor for compacting material, in particular of material contained in an open container. A particularly advantageous field of application of the invention is that Compaction of waste materials contained in tilting containers.

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Alifiill is used in many factories and on building lots, who fills in large quantities, in large! k-huts, so-called "tipping buckets", deposited, which aiml open on their upper side. Ole.se tipping bucket are typically heavy metal containers with a capacity of a few cubic meters, so that special transporters with a winch are required to transport the empty or full tipping buckets are.

A filled tipping bucket is usually loaded onto a transport truck and taken to a remote location where the waste material is emptied from the bucket and occasionally into a compactor is spent. The compacted waste can later be incinerated, recycled or deposited in a dump. Compacting the waste before reusing it is important as a significant portion of the waste is usually constituents with a large volume / weight ratio, for example cardboard boxes, ferrous and non-ferrous chips, paper and other garbage in which there are relatively large gaps between the solid components. This compacting of garbage a smaller volume wins in terms of the price increases in the handling of loaded tipping buckets is becoming more and more important.

The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a compressor by means of which Matertal contained in an open container, In particular, bulky waste material can be compacted so that each container can accommodate material of greater weight can.

The aforementioned compressor is used to solve this problem

309824/0362 ^{BATHROOM 0RIGINAL}

according to the invention characterized by a «: PivUplntto mil Press surface for exercising a downward pressure; «on the material contained in the container, "wherein" the Preßplallo between a pressing position and a retracted rest position movable is, which is higher in the vertical direction than the press position and is removed from this in the horizontal direction, by a support, on which the press plate is attached and which is designed so that he leaves the surface on which the container with the material to be compacted is arranged, free and through a drive the press plate between its pressing position and its retracted Rest position is movable.

When material is compacted in a large and heavy tipping bucket is, a downward force must be exerted on the material contained in the tipping bucket for compacting. To this end can the press plate of the compressor according to the invention gradually in be moved horizontally and vertically away from the tipping bucket, so that a transport vehicle can load the full tipping bucket and can drive away.

The drive provided in the compressor according to the invention can be a ram, i.e. a pressure piston, by means of which the press plate on the support a force is given to the press plate between move their pressed position and their retracted rest position. The pressure piston is preferably operated hydraulically. He can do so be arranged to give the support a force in a non-vertical Direction given, wherein the support has the form of a cranked carrier which is arranged and formed that a non-vertical force imparted to it is converted into a force which is largely directed downwards onto the pressing surface. The carrier can

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at its end carrying the press plate, two mutually obtuse angles Have surfaces, the press plate being hinged to the carrier by means of a pin or the like. The support surfaces serve as stops to limit the pivoting movement of the press plate, whereby the press plate is within a small angle can pivot and they can each take a position that corresponds to the special properties of the material to be compacted. Occasionally a spring can be provided which the pressure plate in the direction of one or the other support surface presses. If two or more parallel pressure pistons are provided, it is advisable to place the pressure plate on a support to store, which has two or more plate carriers at a distance from one another. The plate can be hinged to the support or be connected to this by means of a universal joint or the like.

The support is preferably articulated on a base, whereby the required rotation of the support around the articulation point horizontal and vertical displacement movements of the press plate are generated. Instead, you can of course also causes the horizontal and vertical displacement movements of the printing plate by means of separate linear movements will.

The plunger can be attached to the base so that it is in the Operation supported on the base. Here, a part of the base is arranged directly below the press position position of the press plate and such trained so that it can accommodate a dump bucket. According to a further feature of the invention, the base can be a device have, by means of which a tilting bucket can be attached and / or fixed to it.

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Although a pressure piston used as a drive, in particular a hydraulically actuated pressure piston, has many advantages, it can of course by any other suitable drive or force generating device be replaced. For example, the support can be moved by means of a motor-driven screw spindle arrangement be, wherein a threaded part attached to the support can be moved back and forth on a screw spindle driven by a motor is. An electric motor or a pressure medium-operated motor can be used to drive the screw spindle. According to a Another embodiment of the invention, it is possible to use a winch arrangement, with a chain attached to the support or a rope is wound on a winch drum, which is driven by a corresponding motor. According to further embodiments it is possible to mount the press plate on a support attached to a shaft, with a rotating device directly connected to the shaft is connected, which gives the shaft a torque. As a result, the press plate is pressed down onto the material to be compacted.

According to a further embodiment, the pivoting movement of the support, which causes the pushing movement of the plate, by means of a Gearbox are effected, one gear of which is attached to the support and further gear wheels apply the driving force to this gear transmitted by any suitable type of engine. According to a further embodiment, a direct induction drive can be used be, whereby a magnetic field, which is generated by appropriately arranged coils or the like. Devices, on a permanent magnet or an electric coil acts, which is arranged on the support or is attached. Here, the arrangement is made such that the

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Support or the bow-shaped carrier serves as an anchor and due to of the magnetic induction effect that results when the field coils or the corresponding devices are connected to power be connected.

The invention is hereinafter referred to in the form of exemplary embodiments explained with reference to the drawing. This shows in:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the compressor, the

Press position of support and press plate in full lines, the retracted rest position on the other hand Is shown in phantom, and

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a second embodiment

the invention.

As from Flg. 1, a tipping bucket 10 contains voluminous waste material 12. The tilting bucket 10 is on a base 14, which also has a pivot connection 1 (3 for a hydraulic pressure piston 18 and two fasteners 20, one of which - according to the representation according to FIG. 1 - through the other Is covered. A support 22 in the form of a cranked carrier or bracket is between the fastening parts 20 on a pivot pin attached. The pivot pin 21 can be considerably closer to the base 14 than is shown in FIG. 1. The hydraulically operated Pressure piston 18 is articulated on support 22 at one point 24. At the end of the support 22 remote from the pivot pin 21 is a press plate 26 attached, which has a pressing surface 28.

The base 14 has upwardly protruding projections 30, which as

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Devices for Lagebestiniraung for the tilting bucket 10 are used. Even though these projections 30 in the drawing as separate, parts attached to the base 14 are shown, they can of course be designed as a part that is integral with the base.

The pressing position of the support 22 and the pressing plate 26 is shown in FIG. 1 shown in full lines. When the hydraulically operated plunger 18 is retracted, the support 22 and the rotate Press plate 26 around the pivot point 21 until the retracted rest position shown in phantom is reached. In the withdrawn In the rest position of the support 22 and the pressure plate 26, no part of the compressor is arranged directly above the tilting bucket 10. which is why a transport vehicle is completely unhindered when a tipping bucket 10 is lifted and transported away or in its intended place Position on the base 14 is lowered.

The direction of action of the pressure piston 18, which results when The support 22 and the press plate 26 are in their retracted rest position is shown in FIG. 1 by the broken line 32. It is important that this direction of action 32 always. runs above the articulation point 21, so that upon actuation of the Pressure piston IS the support 22 and the pressure plate 26 in the required Direction to be moved.

From Fig. 1 it is clear that see the direction of action 32 of the pressure piston 18 moved further away from the articulation point 21 when the support 22 and the plate 26 move from the retracted rest position in move the press skin; the compression position of the compressor is therefore most advantageous from a mechanical point of view.

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The fastening parts 20 can be the WiImIe el huh not shown Housing that are large enough to accommodate a total of the support 22 and the plate 2 (> To be recorded in the withdrawn rest position.

The base 14, the fasteners 20, the support 22 and the Plate 26 are made of a material that is sufficiently resistant to the forces generated, the Strength of the support 22 at the weakening points 34 and 36 is determined. These elements are preferably made of cast iron or steel.

In the case of Flg. 2, modified second embodiment, the pressure piston 18 is in a cavity 38 below the Base 14 arranged. The cavity 38 can be located underground or in a housing 40, the upper side Final ceiling of the base 14 is. The one peculiar to this embodiment The advantage is that it takes up less space; the

the embodiment according to Flg. 1 advantage of its own is that Your installation requires less cost.

As from Flg. 2, the support 22 penetrates one in the base intended opening that is large enough for the Support 22 between the pressing position shown in full lines and the retracted position shown in phantom Can move rest position. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the articulation point 21 can be provided in the opening in the base 14, i. H. attached be; instead, however, the fastening parts 20 according to Flg. 1 similar fasteners or walls are provided be, which has a housing to accommodate the in rest position-

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lichen support 22 and the plate 2 (5 form.

With the design according to Flg. 2 must have the effect "direction." 12 of the pressure piston 18 always run below the articulation point 21. The mechanical mode of operation of the pressure piston is also less important 18 is most advantageous when support 22 and press plate 26 are in the push position. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the one provided for the pressure piston 18 is located Articulation point 16 not on the base 14, but in the cavity 38: as can be seen from FIG Support 42 be attached.

The tilting bucket used in the compressor preferably has four rare walls protruding upwards from a base plate as well as hinged flaps with the walls of the tipping bucket are connected. This allows the normally open top of the tilting bucket to be closed by folding these flaps, namely immediately after the compressor described has compressed the contents of the tilting bucket and has been withdrawn. Of the Kippkübel can also have locking devices, whereby holding rods or holding plates can be provided at times that Hold the material in the tipping bucket in a compressed state. These locking devices can be arranged within the tilting bucket Include ledges under which the panels or bars are laid can be, or aligned openings or slots in the walls of the tilting bucket, through which immediately rods or plates can be inserted after the pressing plate has been withdrawn. The compressor can be hydraulic or have mechanical holding devices that support and hold the side walls of the tilt bucket, while the one located therein

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Waste material is compacted; the base and the pressure plate can be designed in such a way that the compressor can be adapted to tilt buckets of different sizes. Ka may further means may be provided by means of which either the tilting bucket or the compressor can be moved, so that the tilting bucket your compressor can be fed successively. For example, the tilting buckets can be arranged on a moving conveyor belt, a slide or on a lollen belt that has a loading end and a removal end, while the compressor is arranged and designed in such a way that it wipes the material contained in a tilting bucket Compressed ends of the conveyor belt, devices for temporarily fastening the tilting bucket on the compressor can be provided, which can simultaneously fulfill the function of the above-mentioned holding devices.

The compactor can be used to compact waste material contained in open top vehicles, for example in such trucks by hauliers, which are usually used for the removal of waste mate rial.

The compressor can also be used to compress objects such as scrap trucks, truck cabs, oil drums or the like in such applications it is not necessary to arrange the object to be compacted in a container. The compressed object can then after its compression and after pulling away the pressure plate by means of a Cranes or the like are taken away.

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Claims (1)

Claims (1.) Compressor for compacting material, especially in an open container containing material, characterized by a pressing plate (26) with a pressing surface. (28) for exercising a downward pressure on that contained in the container (10) Material (12), the press plate between a press position and a retracted rest position is movable, which is higher in the vertical direction than the pressing position and of this in the horizontal Direction is removed by a support (22) on which the press plate is attached and which is designed so that it the surface, on which the container is arranged with the material to be compacted, leaves free, and by a drive (18) through which the Pressing plate is movable between its pressing position and its retracted rest position, 2. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the Support (22) is hinged to a base (14). 3. Compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that a Part of the base (14) directly below the press position of the Plate (2 (5) arranged and suitable for receiving a container (10) is trained. . 1. Compressor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the base (14) has a device (30) by means of which on it in a position below the pressing position of the plate (26) a tilting bucket (10) attachable and / or fixable. BAD ORIGINAL 5873 '"' ■ - - 309824 / Q362, ■ .- * · 5. Compressor according to one or more of claims 1 to I, characterized in that the support has the shape of a cranked Has carrier (22) which is arranged and designed in such a way that a nkht-verükale force imparted to it by the drive (18) In a world going vertically downwards on the pressing surface (2H) Force is convertible. 6. Compressor according to claim 5, characterized in that the Press plate (26) is articulated at one end of the carrier (22) and that the carrier at the end carrying the press plate is two to one another Has obtuse-angled surfaces that act as stops to limit the pivoting movement of the plate provided on the support to serve. 7. Compressor according to claim 6, characterized by a spring, by means of which the pressure plate (26) is pressed in the direction of one of the surfaces Is. 8. Compressor according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the support (22) has two or more carriers arranged at a distance from one another. 9. Compressor according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive has at least one pressure piston (18) connected to the support (22), which via the Support transmits a force to the pressure plate (26) and this between their press division and retracted rest position moved. BAD ORIGINAL 5873 309824/0362 10. Compressor according to one or more of claims Ί to 10, characterized in that the drive is attached to the support (22) Threaded part, one engaged with the threaded part Has screw spindle and a motor by means of which the screw spindle can be set in rotation and the press plate (2G) between the retracted rest position and the pressing position is movable. 11. Compressor according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive consists of a winch system consists of a winch drum, a chain or rope attached to the support and wound onto the drum, and a device has for driving the drum. 12. Compressor according to one or more of claims 2. To 10, characterized in that the distance between the press plate (26) and the articulation point (21) of the support (22) on the base (14) is variable. 13. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized by a conveyor belt, by means of which the container. (10) to below the press control position the press plate (26) is movable. BATH ORIGINAL 5STS 309824/0362