DE2218578C3 - Method and device for preventing fires or explosions in gullies - Google Patents

Description

Inlet shaft of the sewage system to prevent fires, explosions or similar reactions of oxygen with gases or gas mixtures, they are much too expensive and too heavy. Also need they use fire extinguishing agents in the form of chemicals that pollute the environment to fight the earth fire contribute. In one fire extinguishing device, water is only used as a propellant for the chemical fire extinguishing agents used.

The invention is based on the object of a method and a device for preventing Fires, explosions or the like of the type mentioned in such a way that with the elimination of the indicated Disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art described above Fires and explosions with welding and burning work in the vicinity of gullies can be avoided with certainty and moreover the expensive spraying of the covers with the help of at least one worker avoided will.

According to the invention, this task is thereby achieved solved that a jet of water provided with a swirl is mixed with air and the water-air mixture around the gully to be secured self-contained wall is built.

The technical progress that can be achieved with the invention is based on the advantageous effect that the Wall made of a water-air mixture built around the gully prevents explosive gases from escaping from the gully. It also becomes an effective Protection against fire and explosions achieved.

In the device for performing the method according to the invention with a cover for the gully is the cover hood with a water connection, a swirl generator and a mixing device provided and arranged at a distance above the gully. This will prevent sparks or glowing ones Metnil parts break through the cover and trigger a gully fire. Rubbing the glowing metal parts on the hood and from there into the wall of a mixture of water and air, which Jen immediately extinguished or cooled down. The device is also easy to open and easy to use.

Further essential features of the invention are listed below: According to an essential Characteristic which is of particular importance. Is the Hood as a funnel with at its larger diameter end with at least three mounting pieces and on its small diameter end with a connector designed for the swirl generator and the mixing device. This results in an even leadership of the water-air mixture from the connection gap. possible up to the funnel edge.

In order to give the inflowing water sufficient swirl, the swirl encoder consists of a truncated cone Stopper with several at an angle to its longitudinal axis, along its entire length and in radial trains for the passage of the water. The trains are advantageous for the Passage of the water designed as open slots on the circumference of the plug. Furthermore, the one is frustoconical Plug inserted into a nozzle with a conical inner wall, which is replaceable Seals trains on the circumference of the stopper.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fitting end of the nozzle is conically narrowed and the inlet opening opposite a Venturi nozzle, the outlet of which into the the smaller end of the funnel opens.

The nozzle is surrounded by a slotted cage so that no foreign bodies are sucked in. To the easy replacement is the frustoconical

S The stopper has a pin at its larger-diameter end that you can grip and, for reasons of flow, a tip at its smaller-diameter end. To adapt to the respective water pressure are available as AufsteUcJce

w arranged to be adjustable on the funnel.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing using an exemplary embodiment. It shows

Fig. 1 the device in the middle longitudinal section, and

F i g. 2 the swirl generator in a front view and on a larger scale.

At a low point of a surface 10 to be drained there is an upper end of an inlet shaft 11 of the Kanaür; ion a gully 12, which by means of a hood 13 in the form of a funnel 14, preferably made of sheet metal, is covered. At the lower, larger-diameter end 14a of the funnel 14 are three mounting pieces 15 fastened adjustable. The erecting pieces 15 are simple sheet metal strips, the erecting end 15a is slightly curved. At their other end 156 they have an elongated hole 15c through which one through a hole 146 in the funnel 14 screw 16 with a nut 17 engages. Using the Mounting pieces 15, the funnel 14 is held at a distance above the gully 12.

At the smaller end 14r of the funnel 14 a flange 18 is attached, which with a flange

19 is screwed by means of screws not shown. The flange 19 is attached to the outlet opening 20b of a Venturi nozzle 20, the inlet opening 20a of which is inserted into a bottom 21a tines cage 21 provided with slots 216. A locking flange 22 fastened to the Venturi nozzle 20 is used for tightening. The cage 21 has one

"Ο lid 21c to be screwed with a plurality of threaded holes 23, into the ^r, not shown Sch Juben, the r to hold a flange 24 with through holes 24a with the interposition of a seal 25 on the lid 21st A bend 26 is attached to the flange 24, into which a filter 27 is let and to which the water connection, usually in the form of a water hose 28, is detachably attached.

A nozzle 30 with a flange 30a is let into the cover 21r of the cage 21, which nozzle has a conical inner wall 30b and the outlet end 30c of which is conically narrowed. A swirl generator in the form of a kcgelstuinpff-shaped plug 31 is embedded in the nozzle 30, which is provided with several radially extending slits 32 on the circumference of the plug 31, which are at an angle to its longitudinal ac'.sc, over its entire length and run in the radial direction. The stopper 31 has a pin 33 for gripping when changing and for fluidic reasons a tip 34. The stop

Fen 31 lies tightly against the inner wall 30b of the nozzle 30 so that it tightly closes its slots 32 on the circumference. The water flowing through the water connection 24 to 28 at a pressure of about 5 atmospheres is therefore deflected in the circumferential direction when it flows through the swirl generator 30 to 34, ie it receives a swirl. With this twist, it emerges from the outlet end 30c of the nozzle 30 and tears in the mixing device

20 to 22 under Ansnnt ^ nm » Aer h _n l ·« «« ^ »\ / - ~ ...-:

effect of the surrounding air and enters the venturi nozzle 20, in which the water mixes with the sucked in air while maintaining its swirl. This Water-air mixture enters the funnel 14 from the Venturi nozzle 20 and flows through the Swirl generated centrifugal force along the inside of the funnel 14 up to its larger diameter End 14 <J and from there between the funnel edge and surface 10 from the funnel 14, where it is as a result its high speed builds up to a wall 35, at the bottom of which the water in the gully flows back after most of the air it contains has escaped.

The three criteria for a working method in the invention are as follows:

1. The object that is acted upon by the invention without it being the object of the effect, to change this itself is the water;

2. the change-free effect on the object is that the water is given a twist and that it is mixed with air;

3. The goal of the work process is to create a Build a wall from a water-air mixture, which the gases in the gully and locks the gully fire and explosion trap.

The advantageous effects of the device for carrying out the method according to the invention result from the fact that sparks falling during burning or welding work in the vicinity of gullies ίο or glowing metal parts on the outside of the funnel 14 slide off and are extinguished or cooled in the wall 35 from a water-air mixture. This results in good protection against fire and explosion during burning and welding work on the premises of is refineries or chemical plants. Furthermore, this is Device easy to set up and easy to use. Since it has no moving parts, it practically succumbs no wear and tear, so it has a long lifespan.

ao As the size of the gully increases, the Length of the venturi nozzle.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (10)

Patent claims: 1. Procedure for preventing fires, explosions or the like reactions of oxygen with gases or gas mixtures in gullies and the adjoining inlet shaft of the sewer system, in which the gully is covered is characterized in that a water jet is provided with a swirl, mixed with air and the water-air mixture around the gully to be secured to an in !, I built a closed wall. 2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim I with a cover for the gully, characterized in that the cover (13) with a water connection (24 to 28), a twist generator (30 to 34) and a mixing device (20 to 22) and in the Distance above the gully (12) is arranged. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the hood (13) as a funnel (14) with at its larger diameter end (14a) with at least three stand-up pieces (15) and at its smaller-diameter end (14c) with one Connection piece (18, 19) for the swirl generator (30 to 34) and the mixing device (20 to 22) is trained. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the twisting element (30 to 34) from a kegelstump'förmigen plug (31) having a plurality of ^W: nkel to its longitudinal axis, UIW over its entire length in a radial direction extending trains for the passage of water exists. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the trains for the passage of the Water as on the circumference of the plug (31) open slots (32) are formed. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the frustoconical Plug (31) inserted into a nozzle (30) with a conical inner wall (306) so that it can be replaced which closes its trains on the circumference of the plug. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the outlet end (30c) of the nozzle (30) conically narrows and the inlet opening (20a) of a Venturi nozzle (20) is arranged opposite, the outlet opening (20b) in the smaller-diameter end (14c) the funnel (14) opens. 8. Device according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the nozzle (30) of a slotted cage (21) is surrounded. 9. Device according to claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the frustoconical Plug (31) at its larger diameter end with a pin (33) and at his the smaller diameter end is provided with a tip (34). 10. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the mounting pieces (15) on the Funnel (14) are arranged adjustable. The invention relates to a method and a device for prohibiting of Brimten, explosions or the like reactions of oxygen with Unsen or gas mixtures in the outlets and to it κ subsequent inlet shaft of the sewerage 3ürch AbdSngdes drains. The method and device are mainly required by refineries and chemical plants, but also by public communities. . . ίο In the in-house sewer system of refineries and chemical plants, flammable gases form from the various chemical waste materials, some of which rise up through the gullies and their drainage shafts. In the sewers of public is chen municipalities fermentation gases, which are also flammable form. If welding or burning work has to be carried out in the vicinity of gullies in a refinery or chemical plant, falling sparks or glowing parts would ignite the audible and sometimes highly explosive gases and lead to a fire or an explosion. Therefore, before the burning or welding work, the gullies are covered with jute sacks on which sand is poured. In addition, before and during the burning and welding work, a worker is constantly busy keeping the sand and jute bags wet with water from a hose from the company's own water supply network. That means a lot of manpower. It can also happen that burnt, glowing metal parts penetrate or burn through sand and burlap sack. Then the only thing left to do is to flee quickly before at least the gullies blow up. A device for extinguishing burning gases emerging from the ground is known which consists of a hood that can be placed on the ground and into which an extinguishing agent is introduced. The hood, which is open at the bottom, is ik.i a high chimney and provided with long handles with which the hood is held above the burning ground. After the hood placed on the fire area has sucked some of the flames emerging around it as a result of the induced draft of its high chimney, the flames still outside the hood are removed by means of a fire extinguishing agent, e.g. B. carbonic acid in gas or snow form, extinguished in the usual way. The fire extinguishing agent is then introduced through a pipe from above through the chimney into the interior of the hood, where it suffocates the flame. To extinguish burning oil wells it is known to put a hood on the burning well, into the fire extinguishing agent through the lower edge and about halfway up the hood all around distributed openings under pressure, e.g. B. is introduced by means of a steam stream. After putting on the hood on the earth fire tends to suffocate the flames. By introducing Steam, air or water under pressure as a propellant in the hood will extinguish the flames driven and the flames are extinguished. The mixture of smoke gases and fire extinguishing agents will discharged through pipes attached to the top of the hood. Both known devices are used to fight earth fires that have already broken out and should be deleted again. As a cover for gullies and the one connected to them