DE2102233A1 - - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. G. Schliebs 61 Darmstadt Ludwig-Büchner-Strasse 14

Patent attorney phone (06151) 62928

Postal checking account: Frankfurt a. M. 111157 Bank details: Deutsche Bank AG., Darmstadt All the telegrams: inventron

German Patent Office

Munich 2
Zweibrückenstrasse 12th

Your reference Your letter My reference Ξ152 Day 15 · < ο Υ1

Subject: patent application

Applicant: Jacques LYS, 92 - GLAMART (France)

Circuit arrangement for suppressing the harmonics of current and voltage in electrical rushes.

The üJrfindun _: "r relates to a circuit arrangement with L.phasentransf ormatoren for the suppression of the harrionic of current and voltage in electrical rushes. If such a transformer couples a Hetz A with a Hetz i3, where z.3. The power from A to B then this transformer can estimate the network B before the voltage harmonics that emanate from Hetz A. If, on the other hand, Hetz B has non-linear impedances that can generate current harmonics, then the transformer can filter out these current harmonics, which would otherwise be transmitted back to the feeding Hetz A. would be.

In practice, polyphase transformers generally have symmetrical windings. This is the case, for example, with n-phase transformers when the magnetic Circles are independent and the electrical ones

1Q983R / 0988

": R have no" mediating effect I

da, A ^ co.v.rnöHni, _e H, d, e ^ bßhr.no ^ una der De ₁₁ ^ _n PafcntanWdfckamn,.,. Dish for 1.M _{11110 and 2ah} " _{ln (j! Darm5la (lt}

Conversations at the foremost: r have no harmless effect I

Letter dated May 1, 1971, sheet 2 2102233 »IpL-lng. G. Schliebs

to the German Patent Office, Munich Patent Attorney

Circles in a star or in a polygon are connected, and it also applies to transformers whose .. 'windings on a single magnetic circuit with free or forced i'lüesen are arranged. Such transformers generally form a system of primary and secondary developments, for which the usual circuits are provided, ..ie ζ.3ο in a star, in a triangle, in a zigzag etc.

"./earth such circuits for three-phase tronsforr-if". fools selected, then the harmonics are used;). Only and a multiple of it normally suppressed, οίηϊ the primary and secondary windings are switched in a star and isolate the midpoints, then the o.us den Ötromharrnonischen 3rd guessing and a multiple of it resulting components of the magnetic; i'lussec does not ■ circulate. Even if the secondary winding is connected in a delta is, then a LiLIK with three ff more likely creates Jriiu'.ifrenuenz in the triangular circle a current also threefold Grundfreauenz, through which the SpannuiigBiiirnonische third order practically wiped out vira unl which the Required amps supplies to keep the flow in to compensate the lag network cores correctly, and zv / ar independent on whether they are transformers with free or forced flows. The latter Property v / ira by the way, especially in the case of ..- horses Star-star switched transformers:; iigev / ondet, .. <o one can fall back on an 'i'ertiary development which has failed in a triangle.

The invention, however, is to suppress unwanted harmonics of all orders. Here are two? ^i: lle to distinguish:

Λ · / -> ■■ "

BAD ORIGINAL 109835/0988

Letter from 1 5 · 1 ο 71 sheet 3 <j 4 λ * \ * \ ο <* Dipl.-Ing. G. Schliebs

to dfiS liOU.tsclie Patent Office, L'Ünchen ^! U ££ 00 Patent Attorney

In the harvest 7α11 the stroinliarmonics are to be considered, which are created by non-linear impedances in the (fed) second ^: irnetwork and are transmitted back into the (feeding) primary network;

In the second case, there is no distinction between the tension levels to suppress that come from the primary network to the secondary network, as well as the current harmonics, velehe through the non-linear impedances of the secondary network be transmitted back to the primary network.

To suppress the i-th order current harmonic in a Hetz (A), which feeds a ^ etz (B) generating the current harmonics with non-linear impedances, the invention proposes a circuit arrangement that is connected by a series between (A) and (B) or in parallel

(B) The transformer circuit at (A) consists of single-phase (filter) transformers, the windings of which connect taps of the single-phase transformer coupling the two networks, the voltage vectors of which are at an angle of _o 27? form, where

η is an integer. ^x

The inventive circuit current harmonics generated can be in 8ekund- ^r irnets eg thyristors or rectifier ith-order completely suppress that might otherwise be harmful by retransfer to epeisende primary network.

The transformer can advantageously be made up of single-phase autotransformers be formed for the network connections.

In particular, the invention proposes a circuit arrangement

109835/0988

Letter from 1 5. 1 .71 sheet 4. 2 1 0? 2 3 3 ^D 'P'- ^ln 9 · ^{G <Schlieb} «

to the German Patent Office, Munich "" patent attorney

before, which is characterized by a preferably three-phase transformer connected in the T with a transformation ratio ß, which consists of two single-phase transformers with their primary windings (AH and BC) and their secondary windings (ah, bc) are switched 90 ° out of phase, with on the primary side the second winding (B) via a center tap (II) with one end of the first winding (AH) and on the secondary side the second winding (te) via a center tap (h) with one end of the first winding (ah) ' · Are connected and the relationship 1I ₁ ZN ₂ = U ₁ / n ₂ = YV2 " exists between the primary and secondary numbers of turns IT ₁ and n .. of the first transformer and Np and n _{2 of} the second transformer ο

Furthermore, the two single-phase transformers have intermediate taps (A.jB.) on the primary and (a., B.) On the secondary side, between which the primary or secondary winding of a single-phase filter transformer with "the transformation ratio ti is, where the Position of the intermediate taps through the vector relationships ΗΑ _± / ΗΑ = ha _± / ha = (1 + 1 / cos) 2k + 1) .X / ±) / 3 and
ΗΒ _± / [ΪΒ = hbj / hb = tg (2k + 1) TZi) ZTT ^{1 is} determined, where k is an integer positive number or zero that is the same for both relationships and the vectors designate winding parts and their number of turns »

A circuit according to this embodiment of the invention represents one of the two most general switching options for a 90-phase switched three-phase transformer represent to the current harmonics i-ter

109835/0988

Letter of 1 5 · 1 ο 71 sheet 5? 1 Π ')') ^ ') Dipl.-Ing. 6. Closes

to the German Patent Office, Munich "* Patent Attorney

To suppress order "

In another embodiment of the circuit with a in T connected, preferably three-phase transformer with a transformation ratio ß, which consists of two input

b consists of phase transformers with their primary windings (AH and BO) and their secondary windings (ah, bc) switched 90 out of phase, the second winding (B) on the primary side is connected to one end of the first winding (B) via a center tap (H) All) and on the secondary side the first winding (ah) are connected to one end of the second winding (bc) via a center tap (b) and between the primary and secondary number of turns en IT ₁ and n ^ of the first transformer as well as Up and n _? of the second transformer and the transformation ratios ß .. and ßp of the two transformers the relationships ß .. = ΪΤ -, / η., = B7 3/2

and U ₂ = IT ₂ / n ₂ = 2 β / '/ T

exist. Furthermore, the two single-phase transformers have intermediate _{taps (A., B.) on the primary or o} (a., B.) On the secondary side, between which the primary and secondary winding of a single-phase filter transformer with the transformation ratio

ß (1 + cos (2k + 1) .7f / i) / sin (2k + 1) jT / i where the position of the intermediate taps is determined by the vector relationships

ΗΑ _± / ΗΑ = (1 + 1 / cos (2k + 1) T / l) / 3,

= tg (2k + 1) T

is determined, in which k is an integer positive number or zero which is the same for all relationships and the vectors designate winding parts and their Y / indenting numbers.

109835/0988

Letter from 1 5. 1 .71 ^B ' ^att 6 O 1 Π "5 ^"3'ί Dipl.-Ing. G. Sehlieb "

to the German Patent Office, Munich * ~ * patent attorney

A dchaltun? - ^ as part of this implementation of the :: Jrfinduri ^f · - represents the other of the two most general steps for a threefold-key-formator connected in the T, in order to suppress the btromharmonic i-th order .

According to a further invention, the position of the Zvirchenanzapfungen can be determined by k = 0 and the index i equal to half the sum of the ordinal numbers of two consecutive Ha.rr.ionisch.er to be suppressed, ro an ^ f.

a single filter transformer is sufficient to attenuate these two harmonics. By "selectively from k = O results in a particularly easy way and by inserting a Littel value indices pich yield considerable savings in yet nearly optimum Abschv / ^-.:: Monitoring the harmonics.

In a modification of the invention, the phase transformer coupling the networks is connected as a phase multiplier, which allows, for example, a transition from three to (2q + 1) phases.

In another embodiment of the invention there is a in the 1 "switched, preferably three-phase transformer, which feeds a network (A) from a Network (B) separates, again from two uin-phase transformers, their primary and secondary windings according to one of the two aforementioned basic forms of the invention are arranged and switched, but also has On the magnetic circuits of the primary and secondary windings there are tertiary windings with secondary taps are provided which are connected via filter transformers are. In this form the invention is particular

BAD ORIGINAL 109835/0988

Letter dated 5.1.71 sheet 7 2 1 0? 2 3 3 ⁰¹ P ¹ " ¹ " ^ ^{G <Close} «

an äfU5 Deuthe P nt en camouflages, lunches' "* Patent attorney

for attenuating the harmonics in large power supply units suitable.

When autotransformers are used, the invention proposes a transformer between the primary and secondary network consisting of two autotransformers (AH and BC) electrically coupled in the line tap (II) of one winding (BC) and three single-phase ^r I! R; informators' (1, 2 , 3), whose ± rimärv; ickiun {ren (A _i B _i , B ₁ C ₁ , C ₁ A ₁ ) intermediate taps (A., B., 0.) on the windings (AH and BC) of the autotransformers according to connect the vector relationships ΙΪΑ _± / ΗΑ = (1 + 1 / cos) 2k + 1) £ "/!) / 3 HB ₁ ZlIB - HC ₁ ZlIC = (tg (2k + 1) / T / l) /] fj , where k a is the same, whole positive number or zero for all relationships and the vectors designate winding parts and their numbers of turns. Furthermore, the three single-phase transformers have secondary windings (ab, bc, approx.) according to the vector relationship iiA VjAA iiii

which are internally switched to the midpoint (o).

In addition, a single-phase transformer ac _{1 is also} provided with intermediate taps (b, c) applied in such a way that the voltages at the connection points (b., B, c) of the supplied network (3) are equal in terms of amount. This embodiment of the invention creates a circuit arrangement which suppresses both current and voltage harmonics in a completely reversible manner and therefore has a particularly wide range of applications, _etc.

In a modified form, the invention proposes a circuit arrangement for the suppression of η current and voltage harmonics of the order i, j ... 1, which consist of two autotransformers (AH and BC), furthermore 3n single-phase

109835/0988

BATH ORIGINAL

Letter from 1 5. 1 . 71 ■ Sheet β 2 1 0 ? ? 3 3 ^Οί Ρ ^! · - ^{| η} 3 · ^G · closes

to the German i'atentaiat, Munich '~ ™ "patent attorney

transformers whose secondary windings (ab, hb ... Β. _Ί 1) _Ί as well as bc, bc ... b-, C _n as well as oa, oa ... c-, a-,),

-LX IXJJ XX XXJJ X- ¹ -

starting from the center point (o), connected in series, and a single-phase auto trans format or (a-, c ·,) consists.

In another modification, the invention proposes a circuit arrangement which consists of two autotransformers (AH and BG) and 3n single-phase transformers whose primary intermediate taps (A., B., C. ... A _-5 , B., C. ) and gear ratios selected in this way. are that the ends (b., a., c.) of the secondary windings can be connected directly to the mains supply (B). This modification means a considerable simplification compared to the previous circuit arrangement for the simultaneous suppression of several current and voltage harmonics

Further details and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description with reference to the drawing. In this show:

Figo 1 two single-phase transformers each in different
Shift;

and 2 different T-connections with 90 ° phase shift

Pig. 3 is a voltage vector diagram of a circuit arrangement with a transformer according to the basic circuit in Fig. 1 for suppressing Fifth order current harmonics;

4 shows a winding vector diagram for one according to 3 wired polyphase transformer;

BAD ORIGiNAU 10983 5/0988

Letter from 1/15/71 sheet 9 2 1 Q? ? 3 1 Dlpl.-Ing. G. Schliebs

to the German Patent Office, Hünchen ~ "Patent Attorney

Ig. 5 Circuit diagram and vector diagram of a circuit arrangement with a transformer according to the basic circuit in ΐΊ / τ. 1 to suppress I-th order current harmonics;

J ^ ig · 6 Circuit diagram and vector diagram of a circuit arrangement with a transformer according to the basic approach in Pig. 2 to suppress I-th order current harmonics;

7 shows the circuit of a transformer suitable for applying the principle according to the invention for

the transition from three to five phases;

Pig. 8 a circuit arrangement for the simultaneous

Suppression of the i-th order current and voltage harmonics and

i ^te · 9, the voltage vector diagram of Pig. 8th;

Pig. 10 a circuit arrangement for simultaneous

Suppression of the current and voltage harmonics of several orders; i

Pig. 11 shows a simplified circuit arrangement for the simultaneous suppression of the current and

Tension harmonics of several orders.

To suppress the current harmonics emanating from the secondary network (first task case mentioned at the beginning) sees the invention in the PalIe of a three-phase system a transformer in T-circuit (! '- transformer), which consists of two

BATH 10983 5/0988

Letter dated 15. 1.71 sheet 10 210 ^ 233 ⁰¹ P ¹ " ¹ " * ^G · Schliebs

to the German Patent Office, Munich Patent Attorney

^ in-phase transformers 1 and 2 is formed, whose Primary and secondary windings are electrically interconnected with one another by 90 ° out of phase. This circuit corresponds to the well-known Scott circuit of three-phase windings, i.e. one of the windings has a ~ 3/2 higher, index number than the other, and one The end of this winding is with a center tap connected to another winding, so that these two windings have the height and the base of an equilateral triangle according to the usual vector representation.

The 90 connection of the windings of the transformers 1 and 2 leads to two possible basic circuits according to FIGS. In the second basic circuit, the two transformers have the following transformation ratios: B ₁ = ß · Yl / 2

B ₂ = 2 * β / yir

where ß is always the transformation ratio of the ^r i ^l transformer

According to the invention, the two transformers now have I and 2 intermediate taps, between which "Pilter" transformers are connected.

In Pig. 3 shows the image of the voltage vectors belonging to the circuit in FIG. The triangles ABC and abc with the central points 0 and ο form the primary and secondary voltage triangles with their respective central points. Starting from the baselines BO and bc, av / ei regular pentagons with the

BAD ORfGiNAL 10983 S / 0988

Letter from 1? 5, 1 .71 sheet 11 2102233 ⁰¹ P ¹ " ¹ " * - ^G " ^Schlieb "

an α. ', ίί ..OcaitroLe j .-. tent runt, Lunchen patent attorney

Draw the centers O and ο. The corners A ₁ -, B ₁ -, O ₁ - and a _t , b ^, C _{1 of} these pentagons lie exactly on the vectors Al and BG for the primary side and on ah and bc for the secondary side _e

According to the theory of stationary transformers, lopiH-ß pich represent the voltages tapped at the terminals of a winding or parts of it as vectors in the voltage vector diagram of the transformer, and these vectors correspond conversely to windings or parts of windings to which the vectors are located allow the voltages shown to be tapped. To set the vectors Ap bp, Ap-C ₁ -, ac ^ p ^'a c ^c r erf indungsgemäss the windings of additional single-phase transformers filter is that the points A, -, BJ, CJ and a, -, b _r , C ₁ - connect.

Fig. 4 shows a winding vector diagram of a transformer with sv / ei filter transformers, their primary and Secondary windings connect its intermediate taps marked with the index 5.

If a sinusoidal three-phase current is applied to terminals ABC, a likewise sinusoidal three-phase current is obtained at terminals abc; If, on the other hand, the network fed from abc contains non-linear impedances (rectifiers, thyristors _, etc.), then the feed currents

<i5 of the secondary network apart from the fundamental wave have harmonics of all odd orders and especially the 5th order and a multiple thereof Property on, with respect to currents with five times the fundamental frequency only of

10983R / 0988 BAD ORIGINAL

Letter from January 15, 71 sheet 12 2102233 Dlpl ^ -Ing. G. Schlieb "

to the German Patent Office, Munich Patent Attorney

homopolar currents, i.e. equal in magnitude and phase

TO ^

Flow through / become. This is caused by the low impedance which AcBcCc and a ^ b ^ c, - have towards these currents. In other words, the filter transformers (A ₁ -B, - a ^ r) and (A ^ Oc - a ^ c ^) eliminate the 5th order current harmonics and multiples thereof. It is "remarkable that the omission of one of the" two filter transformers, such as (AcC ₁ - - a ^ o, -), does not change the result in that the 5th harmonic, which Nan wishes to suppress here, does not change anything , through the use of a single single-phase transformer ?, with the primary side A ₁ -Bc "and the secondary side a ^ b ^ is completely wiped out.

This property of a circuit according to the invention, shown here using the example of the 5th current harmonic, can be applied to a current harmonic of any odd order i can be expanded, with the one previously placed on a pentagon Consideration can be applied in the same way to regular polygons with i sides, which in the centers O and ο are centered and of which zv / ei special corners on the sides BC and bc of the triangles ABC and abc and a third special vertex lie on the vector AH and ah, respectively.

In other ways, the current harmonic of the order i according to FIG. 5 can be passed through a single-phase filter transformer (A ^ B. - a.b.), which on the Primary and secondary side of the transformers 1 and at intermediate taps A ^, B ^ a., B. ^ Is switched on, their Position on the primary-side and secondary-side voltage vector diagrams is defined in such a way that OA ^ = OB., Oa. = ob ^ and that of OA ^ and OB. on the one hand or oa. and whether ^, on the other hand, is equal to the included Y / angle

109835/0988

Letter from 1/15/71 sheet 13 2102233 Dipl.-Ing. G- sleep "

to the German Patent Office, Munich Patent Attorney

η ° 2X / i (n integer) are in the suction measure. This condition This can be printed out using the following vector relationships:

= (1 + 1 / cos (2k + i) / T / i) / 3

_{1 1} = (tg (2k + 1) / T / i) / 7Γ3 "with k = O, 1, 2

The vectors of a winding determined by this relationship go at the same time as the associated number of turns of the winding parts.

The special case k = 0 leads to a simplified solution, namely

= ha _± Zha = (1 +

HB _± / HB = Ub ₁ ZhIo = (tgyTZi) Zf3

This special case simplifies the structure without losing its effectiveness affect the circuit.

Analogously, a circuit arrangement can be developed from the basic circuit according to FIG. 2 in order to suppress current harmonics of any i-th order. The circuit shown in Pig, 6 is used for this purpose. Between the primary taps AB and the secondary taps S ₁ ^. there is a Piiter transformer (AB ₁ - ab). The tap b. is provided in the extension of the winding bc, and the taps A., B., a., b. are placed in such a way that the triangles ABH and abb with “the center point ο are geometrically similar and oa. = ob.. Under these conditions, the current harmonics of the i-th order can be suppressed again

109835/0988

Letter dated 1 5. 1 .71 sheet H 2 1 0 /? 3 3 W «tf - Iiig. G. Loves

to the German Patent Office, Munich Patent Attorney

the position of the intermediate taps A., 3., a. , b. , between which the filter transformer (A.B. - a.b.) is connected is (Fig. 6), calculated by the following equation

HA _± / EIA = (1 + 1 Zoos (2k + 1) / TZi) Z3 HB ₁ ZHB = ba _± Zba = (tg (2k + 1)

with k = 0, 1, 2 ...

The vectors established by this equation of a V / iclclung also specify the Uindun-TFSfibl to be heard,

The special case k = 0 leads to the following simplification:
HA ₁ ZHA = (1 + λ / cos JC / ±) ^

₁ ZHA ₁ = bb _i Zba ₁ ,
without affecting the effectiveness of the switchgear.

The initially erv. ^T ähte egg / rensch ^ ft in the triangle connected classic three-phase transformers, the current harmonic 3rd order and a multiple of ds of suppressing, Y / is by the inventi.infTS ^ a; '. SKen Echaltun.-ren from two transformers and correspond -End of the above Hegel connected single-phase filter transformer (AB - ab) tremesE Fig. 5 and 6 extended to the Il'irnonic i-th order. They allow all (generally odd) orders of currents to be undermined, which can be generated by non-linear impedances in the secondary network that is fed *

10983R / 0988 BADORIGiNAI.

Letter from 1 5. 1 .71 sheet 15 2102233 ^D W " ^ln 9 · ^G ' ^Schlieb "

απ "cas Beutsehe Patentamt, Munich Patent Attorney

In a symmetrically loaded three-phase network, btroral harmonics of the order 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 etc. can occur, and each harmonic can be suppressed with the circuit according to the invention. However, in order to only add a minimal number of additional filter transformers , one can, at the expense of a slight reduction in effectiveness, more on the line to suppress the Karjiionic pairs. Thus, for example, the 5th \ iiid 7 «harmonics can be prevented to a considerable extent by the one-tita of a single filter transformer {kr ~ 3r ~ ^a g ^ g), v; whichever the Zv. ^r 4.schenanzapfungen A ^ -, _3,:, a ,, b, - connecting such da.ss following relationships iv; are:

- in the event of a shift. 5:

HA ₆ / IIA = ha ₆ / ha = (1 + i / cos / T / 6) / 3 = (^ 3 + 2) / 3

Η3 ₆ / ΠΒ = hb ₆ / hb = (tgJ "/ 6) / f 3 = 1/3;

- with a circuit according to 3 ¹ Xg. 6:
HA ₆ / IIA = (1 + 1 / cos / T / 6) / 3 = (YT +

HB ₆ / HB = ba ^ ₆ / ba = (tgT / ö) / "/? = 1/3

HBc / HAc = bb _c / ba _c
6 6 6 '6

In this way, the two theoretically required transformers (AcBc - ⁸ ^ c) and (A ₇ , B ₇ - a "b ₇ ) can be avoided.

In the same way, the harmonics 11 and 13 can be of order can be practically eliminated by a single-phase transformer connecting intermediate taps to index 12. The same applies to the 17th and ig harmonics. Order and with regard to a transformer with the index etc. You can even e.g. the 13th and 17th harmonic.

bad original 109835/0988 «widowl

Letter from 1 5. 1 . 71 sheet 16 ? 1 Π? ? * 3 * 3 ^Di ^ ~ ^ln 9 · ^G - Sehlieb «

to the German Patent Office, Munich ^ luC & OO patent attorney

Weaken order by using a filter transformer, v / which connects the intermediate taps to the index. So, in general, two consecutive Harmonics using a single-phase filter transformer largely eliminated, the index of which is equal to half the sum of the atomic number, this Harmonic is.

Circuits according to the invention can not only be used Three-phase systems, but also on any multi-phase. apply phase systems. This is especially true of one Current harmonic suppressing transformer, the task of which is also the number of phases to multiply.

A circuit example is shown in FIG. 7. Here there is a transition from a classic three-phase system to a five-phase system. The transformer 1 has three windings, namely AH on the primary side and ah and aphp on the secondary side. “The transformer 2 has two windings, namely BC on the primary and BC on the secondary side. The connection of filter transformers at special tapping points in accordance with the principles of the invention allows a suppression of disturbing ψ current upper levels, their number and importance in the rest

is already reduced by the phase increase.

Finally, the invention can also be applied to tertiary windings of power transformers. precondition is that the primary and secondary main windings of these transformers are analogous to the T-transformer are switched in Fig. 1 or 2, so from 90 °

109835/0988

Letter from May 1 71 Β '° «17 9 1 Γ) 9 9 ' S ^ ^0Ι » ^ ^Ιη 9 · β. Schliebi

to the German Patent Office, Munich ^ I U £ _ O J Patent Attorney

phase-shifted single-phase windings exist. It can then be on the same magnetic circles Apply tertiary windings, which like the transformers above 1 and 2 are wound. So these windings again have Ζτ / ischenanzapfungen of the types A., B. and away. identically defined position, which are connected via single-phase transformers (A.B. - a.b.) in order to suppress the i-th order current harmonic. The invention To a certain extent, the circuit forms an extension of the principle of transformers with three windings, one of which with a view to suppressing the 3rd harmonic is connected in a triangle.

For the simultaneous suppression of current and voltage harmonics of any i-th order (task 2 mentioned at the beginning), the invention proposes a circuit arrangement which, according to Pig. 8 is made up of three single-phase transformers 1, 2 and 3 interconnected; their tasks are:
ITr. Primary sekundary

1 Α _± Β _± a _i b _i

2 A ₁ C ₁ B ₁ O ₁

3 B ₁ O ₁ D ₁ O ₁

The primary sides are (asymmetrically) connected in a triangle, and the secondary sides are (also asymmetrically) in the Star switched to the center ο. The primary windings A.B.O. are fed via autotransformers AH and BC, which in turn are fed by the symmetrical three-phase network fed at points A, B, C. Intermediate taps are provided on * these autotransformers, whose location is defined by the following relationship:

109835/0988

Letter from 1 5. 1 . 7 1 sheet 18 9 1 Π 9 9 Q * 5 "^"'" ⁹ ' ° * ^Schliebf

to the German Patent Office, Manchen ^ Patent Attorney

ΕΑ _± / ΙΙΑ = (1 + 1 / cos (Pk + i) ./ T / i) / 3

= (tg (2k + 1) U /

with k = O, 1, 2 ...

the vectors denote the magnitudes of the corresponding composite signals. The secondary pages t: ind switched to ο in the star, and the iinden a. and c. of the star are connected by a single-phase autotransformer ac as shown in FIG. This Auto Tr · .n Kformator has Zv / ischenapfungen b and c in such a way that the volume b. of the star and the points b and c form an equilateral triangle with the same center ο ν / ie the triangle from C ₁ . Analogous to the own. ': Ch-' ^j .ften of circuit arrangements according to the invention aes ereten task case form A., B. and C. in Firr. 9 three special corners of a regular polygon with i lead to the central point 0. Here is Fi-τ. 9 shows the voltage vector diagram of the circuit in FIG. 8. The transformation ratios of transformers 1, 2 and 3 result according to FIG. 9 as follows:

at

The circuit shown in Fig. 8 has the following properties: V / hen the three-panted one placed on A, B, c Supply voltage contains a harmonic of order i, then the primary windings of the l'ranefornaxors 1, 2 and 3 are traversed by harmonic currents of order i, which are homopolar, i.e. equal in amount and phase.

The three-phase harmonic voltages of order i, which are available on the secondary side of transformers 1, 2 and 3, are in phase, and those on the

BAD ORIGINAL 109835/0988

Letter from 1 5. 1 .71 sheet 1 9 7 1 Π? 9 ^ ^ DifrUIng. G. Schliebi

the German Patent Office, Hünchen ^ ^ patent attorney

The voltages obtained in points b., B and c are equal in magnitude and phase; the at the terminals b. , B, c tapped ausammengesetaten voltages of the secondary side are freed so i of the harmonics of order "This erfinduniTSge-jässe circuit is naturally reversible, that is, presumably, the terminals b, b, c of a Dreiphasenspannunf. are fed, then a three-phase voltage also occurs at the connections A, 3, C, which is freed from the harmonics of the order i. Finally , the circuit is able to filter the current harmonics of order i, as the circuits according to the invention do to solve the first problem.

The circuit is straight 5 ¹ Xg. 8 and 9 v / e has to a certain extent an infinitely large impedance to voltage and current harmonics of order i. If several supply voltage harmonic of order i, j ... to suppress 1, then it is sufficient to bring the suppression of the harmonic i Applied circuit in cascade form in the previous embodiment of the invention, in which there is the series circuit described in the following.

Each harmonic can be suppressed by a group of three single-phase transformers 1, 2 and 3, which are fed by corresponding intermediate taps on the autotransformers AH and BC (FIG. 10).

The secondary pages like above. are connected in series and the secondary sides oc. and whether . On the other hand, the primary windings are of type A ^ B. arranged in parallel between the intermediate taps A.Bj, which lie on the windings AH and BO. Between

109835/0988

Letter from January 15, 71 sheet 20 7IfI ??? ^ D'M · ''"9 · © · Sdilieb«

to the German patent office, Lüinchen ^. UZZOü patent attorney

outermost connections a-, and c-, on the secondary side a single-phase transformer is connected, with intermediate taps b and c under the same conditions as stated above. So the three-phase voltages available between terminals b- ^ bc is of freed from the harmonics of order i, -j ... 1. These Series connection is also reversible and requires 3n single-phase transformers and three single-phase auto-transformers, where η is the number of harmonics to be suppressed "

ψ The circuit just described can be combined with the one in

Fig. 11 simplify the circuit shown; where the secondary egg Make intermediate taps b and c using some circuit measures with the external connections a. and b. can coincide. It is sufficient that some type A taps are available outside the vector All

can be seen in such a way that the voltage triangle A. B. C.

JJJ has an obtuse angle BAG that is greater than 2/1/3 rad. Under these conditions one can choose appropriate gear ratios and polygons oc. c. and oa. a. construct in such a way that the kinkel c. oa. (in Fig. 11) is exactly equal to 2 / Γ / 3 in radians.

d υ

The circuit arrangements according to the invention have one wide application range. Circuits designed according to the first task can be used in all cases where a multi-phase (generally a three-phase) network is to be completely or partially withdrawn from the influence of current harmonics. The impact of such Current harmonics are practically always harmful, regardless of whether they are due to power losses

109835/0988

Letter from 1 5. 1 *. 71 'Sheet 21 "" -., -, - ^,., Oipl.-Ing. G. Sleep

to the German Patent Office, laünchen " ³ ^ Patentanwalt

Eddy currents are about warming that can be disadvantageous, about resonances and overvoltages or about unstable functions of connected devices, about S ¹ original disturbances etc., which occur practically in all cases.

Except in special cases where the suppression of a harmonic is precisely in the established order of the predominant It is of interest to note that the current harmonic suppressing transformer with or without phase distortion can be used particularly beneficially by rectifiers and power thyristors. By Current harmonics generated by such switching elements can be extremely detrimental to the system in general be dining iTetz. This applies in particular to accumulators, Charging stations, drive machines, electrochemical and electrometallurgical systems, power supply units of transmitters, systems for high-voltage direct current transmission, etc.

L ^r oh the second task designed circuits, since they can suppress the harmonic current and the Sparmungs- a more general application simultaneously. Such "anti-harmonic" transformers are, in addition to the applications already mentioned, advantageously used behind some generators which do not emit a purely sinusoidal periodic voltage wave, such as inverters and stationary three-phase converters.

109835/0988

Claims (1)

Letter from 1 5. ίο 71 sheet 22 7 1 Π 7 *? Q ' ^Λ «Ρ' - ^ 9 · G- Schliebs to the Ueutsche x-'atentamt, Munich ^ ^ patent attorney Claims M.! Circuit arrangement for suppressing the current harmonics i-th order in a network (A) which feeds a network (3) generating the current harmonics with non-linear impedances, characterized by a series between (A) and (B) or parallel to (3) at (A) transformer circuit made of single-phase Pilter transformers, the Y / ickungen taps of the connect the teaching phase transformers coupling the two networks, whose stress vectors form an angle of η · 2 / * / i, where η is a whole. Number is. 2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by a T-connected, preferably dreiph ^f t * l -en L'r ^ rsfornator with a transmission ratio β, which consists of two single-phase transformer (1, 2), lie i «; it their primary windings (AK and BC) and their *> el: unäHrwicklunrren (ah, bc) are phase-shifted by 90 ^ eechrltes (Fig. 1), with the second winding (30) on the primary side via a lüttel tap (II) with a young the first winding (ίάί) and, on the secondary side, the second winding (bc) connected to an inde of the first winding (ah) via an iuittelanzanfur · / - (h); and between the primary and secondary ./indungszaiilen Ii., and n ^ of the first transformer (1) and U ₀ and n «of the second transformer (2) the relationship N ₁ Al ₂ = n -, / n ₂ = Yl / 2 exists, and also in that the two single phase transformers have between taps Α., B.) mif the primary and (a., b.) on the öekund-är side (Pi _k r. 5), between which the primary or . the secondary t0983SA0988 bad ORlQiNM. Letter of 1 5-171 sheet 23 9 1 Π '/> ^ ^ '} Oipl .- * ng. G. Loves ^to the German Patent Office, Lunchen ~ patent attorney winding of a single-phase filter transformer with the ^ overretention ratio ß, where the position of the Z \: ± v ehenanzapfunken through the vector relationships so / ie ./HA - ha _± / ha = (1 + 1 / cos (2k + 1) / T / i) / 3 : ίΒ _± / ΗΒ = hb ^ hb = tg (2k + 1) / T / i) / * f3 " uriit is, where k is the same for both relationships, positive üahl or Hull and the vectors Vick- and denote their number of turns en. 3o £> er? R: 3 processing arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by a T-connected, preferably three-phase transformer with a transmission ratio ß, which consists of two single-phase transformers (1, 2), which with their primary windings (All and BC) and their secondary windings (ah, bc) are phase-shifted by 90 ° (Fig. 2), with the second Y / winding (BC) on the primary side via a center tap (H) with one end of the first winding (AH) and on the secondary side, the first winding (ah) are connected via a central tap (b) to one end of the ^ wide winding (bc) and between the primary and secondary numbers of turns IT ₁ and n ^ of the first transformer (1) and N ₂ and n _? of the second transformer (2) and the transformation ratios ß.j and ßp of the transformers (1) and (2) the relationships E ₁ = N ₁ Ai ₁ = ß "W2 and ß ₂ = H ₂ A ₂ = 2 & / ~ ψϊ exist, and also in that the two single-phase transformers have intermediate taps (A., B.) on the primary or ( a., b.) on the secondary side (FIG. 6), between which the primary or secondary windings have a sin-phase filter transformer with the Letter dated January 15, 71 sheet 24 Oipl.-Iog. G. Schlieb " to the German Patent Office, Lunchen 2102 233 Patent Attorney Gear ratio β (1 + cos (2k + i) / ″ / i) / sin (2k + 1) yT / i, where the position of the Zv / ischenapfungen through the yector relations
ΗΑ _± / ΗΑ = (1 + 1 / cos (2k + i) yT / i) / 3, HB./HB = ba _± / ba = tg (2k + 1) / Vi) / "/ 5 and · ΗΒ _± / ΗΑ _± = bb _i / ba _i is determined where k is an integer positive number or zero that is the same for all relationships and the vectors are Y / winding parts and their number of turns. 4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, 2 or 3, u-through marked that the position of the intermediate cavities is indicated by ' k = 0 and the index i is equal to half the sum of the ordinal numbers of two consecutive, to be suppressed Is more harmonic and only a single filter transformer to attenuate these two harmonics is used. 5.! .Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that that the phase transformer acts as a phase multiplier , 20 for a transition from e.g. three to (2q + 1) phases is. 6. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by a switched in T ¹ , preferably three-phase transformer, which consists of two single-phase transformers (1, 2) whose primary and secondary windings are arranged and connected according to claim 2 or 3, and the additionally has tertiary windings on the magnetic circuits of the primary and secondary windings, on which intermediate taps are provided, which are connected via filter transformers _{or the like} Original bathroom 109835/0988 Letter from 1 ^f. 3. 1 .71 sheet 25 Dipl .- 'ng. G. Schliebi to the! German ■ Patent Office, luünchen 2102233 Patent Attorney Y. DCiinltiin ^ sancrdnun / r according to claim 1, characterized by Sinyhasen autotransformers for the line connections. 8. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 and 7, for the simultaneous Suppression of the Stroin harmonics by the secondary Primary network and the voltage harmonics from the primary to the secondary network, characterized by two in the central tap (H) the one winding (Bü) electrically coupled autotransformers (AH, BC) and through three single-phase Transformers (1, 2, 3), their primary windings (A.B., B.C., CA.) Intermediate taps (A., B., C.) on the JL -L _L -L J- -L JL Windings (AH, BC) of the autotransformers according to Vector relationships of ΗΑ _± / ΗΛ = (1 + 1 / cos (2k + 1 ) j7 / ±) / 3 as well as ZHC = (tg (2k + 1) / Γ / ΐ) // 3 connect, where k is a positive whole number or xfull, which is the same for all relationships, and where the vectors denote parts and their pitch numbers, and ferror by the fact that the three single-phase transformers are secondary windings ( ab, bc, approx.) according to the vector b ri have the ir.i btern switched to the focal point (o) are, and scliliesKlicii characterized by a Einphfieeritranisformator (a.c.) with connection taps created in this way (b and c)> that the voltages at the connection points (b., b, c) of the fed ITetses (B) concern: isrn- * lf5siiT are the same (Fig. ß). 9. circuit anoranun,>; n-.ch claim 8, for suppression of η currents and voltages of the order i, j ... 1, 10983R / n988 BAD ORiGiNAL Letter of 1 5 1. 71 sheet 26 Dipl .- 'ng. G. Loves to the German x-ate'tar.X, "-. 'inchen 2102233 patent attorney .drawn by zv / ei ^ u. ... ^ u ^ u ^, ^ j * .... ■ '^ i --u-, -, liinphaseritransforr by J5n: ^ tors whose Le> a * .; i' r ^f ents (from. _; , ^ρ - ^^^ ··· ^ ₁ ^ ₁ r-ov / ie tc, t_.e .. ... ^ - O ₁ Xl YY XX connected in series sin.d, soie by an eir.- u ^ ri ^ tii ί 'ο ρ ^ ( ".? -i ■> · 1 O ^ V d-, U-,; ^ j Xp-. IU /. 10. Circuit arrangement according to ^ .nsr-ruch 9, st> eι_: iζ ^: .i '. ·! "'> - τ; . - ■ · · · ^ utotrai-isforraatoren (AH, 3C), εο - / ίε äiirei, ^ n ^ i: .- phasentraneforrüatoren whose ori n ^:: .re ZvilFci-ENI.! Two.. Ku .'-- ". R- ^{an- 'c} .i: »10 (A., B., G. ... A. B. G.) and ^ berstrtzunrrsverL ^ .l ^ r:! ·". ·: - ^ ill t] Z) ϊ3, such ^ rewXhlx are that the ends sb-, ^r ^, 3 _.; . ' the ο ei t ' _t äekund '^'. vicklun.Ten directly with the »fed. .. "etz νIi) can be connected (l ⁿ i _; r. 11). BAD ORIGINAL 109835/0988 TL, Blank page