DE202007002766U1 - Thin stone heater - Google Patents

Abstract

arrangement a thin one Stone slab, natural stone, earthenware, artificial stone, concrete, ceramics, porcelain, glass-containing material, glass or similar brittle material (hereafter generally "thin stone plate" called by a fibrous binder-matrix system mechanically is stabilized (hereinafter called carrier), characterized that the carrier contains a heatable layer.

Description

The invention of the thin-stone heater is characterized in that in addition to - among others in the patent EP 106 20 92 described for the stabilization of stone slabs with carbon fiber or other fiber layers, hereinafter referred to as "thin-plate", an additional layer for electrically heating mechanically stabilized thin-stone slabs is inserted.

State of the art

stabilized Thin stone slabs made of natural stone, concrete, stoneware, porcelain, glass and similar materials, such as. also ceramics - im called following stone - can with Help of tensile-stable fibers, in particular carbon and basalt fibers, under other if necessary. also with the help of glass fibers in mixing plants of stabilized fiber types over a large area become. As a rule, fiber mats, textile knitted fabrics, knitted or similar Textile process using composite materials, such as epoxy resins, Water glass and other methods also based on ceramic adhesive applied to one of the stone sides. The following is the with referred to the composite material applied to the stone fiber mat as a carrier. This carrier coating stabilizes the stone sustainable enough against breakage and especially against the smallest hairline cracks, the inevitable destruction over the stone cause the time. It is important that the stone is not the tiny injuries is revealed when he is made thin in the millimeter range shall be. The effect in particular carbon fibers and stone fibers, like the traction stable basalt fiber. The stone is intended in the sense of this invention especially thin accomplished Be that on the back the heat generated by the stone preferably quickly to the surface arrives, because the stone heat bad or slow.

Technical innovation

New to the invention is the combination of carbon fiber or basalt fiber reinforced stone slabs with an electric or thermal heater. For example the integration of an electrically heatable film or fiber layer into the possible composite structures for the purpose of partial or full-scale heating of Thin stone plates, resp. Heating of premises, Objects or Locate through these heatable thin-stone plates well suited to the stone surface in seconds on body temperature bring to a bathroom to heat.

In particular, can be influenced by the choice of a suitable, also the prior art, electrically heatable layer or film, in conjunction with a suitable power source, both the speed of heating and the achievable temperature of the thin-slab, especially because of the Example in the EP 106 20 92 described, achievable minimum thicknesses of the thin-slab plates, a rapid heating of the actually temperature-insulating materials can be achieved.

description

The Invention uses sustainably enough stabilized flagstones, with the help of carbon fiber or basalt fiber coating for Example are so stabilized that they stay straight, even if they are very thin accomplished and unlike previously known stabilization methods, where the thin stone when heated according to the bi-metal effect bowls would, remain absolutely even in thermal load case. On the contrary previous qualities the viewer sees a straight surface. One draws geschüsselten stone foils that the stone is thin is. The look of it is ugly and leaves the viewer the impression that worked as cheap as possible.

This poor appearance is due to the stabilization of the heated flagstone safely prevented with carbon fibers or basalt fibers.

In most cases is a sufficient stabilization already with a thin film achieved by carbon fiber material, which is both a stabilization ensured in thermal as well as in mechanical load case.

The Support material in the following carrier called, consists of a fiber-reinforced matrix, which is a synthetic resin or optionally itself is a ceramic material. It comes here fiber material carbon fibers, stone fibers, in particular basalt fibers, used to withstand high tensile loads and get under the effect of heat expand only minimally, so a very small coefficient of thermal expansion which is usually smaller than that of the stabilized Stone material.

Thereby be stone slabs especially against cracks by expansion and the effect of heat protected, as well as the break by mechanical load perpendicular to the earthenware counteracted.

However, it is advantageous by a pressure-compensating layer to allow movements of the material within certain limits. For this purpose, a plastic honeycomb can be used as a base, which compensates for mechanical loads. It is the same In the wet area necessary to install a water-resistant layer as a vapor barrier.

With Help of the use of, for example, temperature-stable epoxy resins, Polyester resins, resins based on phenolic, polyimide, cyanate, melamine, Polyurethane or silicone base, and inorganic binder systems, like water glass, called matrix, in combination with carbon fibers or rock fibers having a smaller than or similar coefficient of thermal expansion like stone, will ensure a safe stabilization of stone slabs possible, the can serve as heating itself and heated by a heating foil.

The Invention is realized by the one-sided partial or full surface coating a more or less thin, but typically 1 to 3 mm thick flagstone with a carbon fiber or rock fiber laminate, wherein the mixing ratio of fiber and resin so can be adjusted that the expansion coefficients of too stabilizing stone and rock fiber laminate smaller or at least are virtually identical.

On the fiber matrix layer becomes an electric heating foil or electric heatable fiber layer applied, which is the stone on the stone surface inside can heat up a short time. Thus the heating power in the direction of Steins and not in the direction of the back wall is discharged preferably a further insulating or reflective material layer applied to the heating foil.

One of the many possible embodiments of the invention describes a 3 mm thick plate of stoneware ( 1 ) unilaterally with a carbon fiber roving ( 2 ) is stabilized ( 1 ). The connection between stone and fiber is z. B. produced by a temperature-stable epoxy resin, which can be subjected to thermally stable depending on the field of use and their total coefficient of expansion of fiber and matrix should be similar to that of the stone plate to be stabilized. On this matrix is a heating foil layer or electrically heatable fiber layer ( 3 ) applied and firmly bonded to the carbon fiber with a heat transfer adhesive layer. On the heating foil is another water-repellent layer ( 4 ) and heat-insulating and / or reflective layer ( 6 ) more or less firmly attached to the heating foil attached. Between the water-repellent layer ( 4 ) and the heat insulating layer ( 6 ), another layer ( 5 ) are attached, if necessary. mechanical pressure forces caught or cushioned.

In the layers are Kontaktfächen ( 7 ) with corresponding supply lines ( 8th ) for introducing the necessary for heating the electrical foil or fiber layer electric current (I), which is fed from a voltage source (U). DC (=) or AC (~) sources can be used for this.

By the choice of suitable heating foils or electrically heatable fiber layers can the desired or necessary temperature ranges and / or speed heating up.

The Binder fiber matrix systems for mechanical stabilization and Heating the so-called thin stone slabs are chosen that good thermal conductivity in the direction of the usable area guaranteed is.

Claims (17)

Arrangement of a thin plate made of stone, natural stone, stoneware, artificial stone, concrete, ceramic, porcelain, glass-containing material, glass or similar brittle material (hereinafter generally "thin stone plate" called), which is mechanically stabilized by a fiber-containing binder-matrix system ( hereinafter referred to as carrier), characterized in that the carrier contains a heatable layer. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized that one on the carrier applied heating layer is electrically heated. Arrangement according to claim 1 and 2, characterized that the carrier Contains carbon fibers. Arrangement according to claim 1 to 3, characterized that the carrier Stone fibers, in particular basalt fibers, contains. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized that the Matrix of the carrier an epoxy resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, polyimide resin, cyanate ester resin, Melamine resin, polyurethane resin or silicone resin base has. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized that on the heating foil another layer with a compressive balancing honeycomb is appropriate. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized that on the heating foil or the pressure-compensating honeycomb another layer attached with a water-insulating effect as a vapor barrier is. Arrangement according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that on the heating foil or the pressure-compensating honeycomb or water-insulating Layer another layer is attached with a thermal insulator. Arrangement according to claim 1 to 8, characterized that the carrier a mixture of different additional fiber materials, e.g. Glass fibers or aramid fibers, is or from several different consists of these fibrous layers or a mixture of carbon and stone fibers with other fiber materials. Arrangement according to claim 1 to 9, characterized that matrix and fibers have an overall coefficient of expansion similar to that of the one to be stabilized Have stones. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 10, characterized that the Coefficient of expansion of the fiber matrix less than or equal to that of stabilizing stone is. Arrangement according to claim 1 to 11, characterized that the fiber-stabilized plate as a heating wall or floor element Application finds. Arrangement according to claim 1 to 12, characterized that the Plate as a wall or floor element of bathrooms in houses, hotels, ships and aircraft use. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 13, characterized that these Plates for spatial and temporary warming of zones or objects can be used For example, for heating of plant tubs outside. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 14, characterized that temperature sensitive objects such as. Measuring devices, with these plates automatically and / or can be heated regulated. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 15, characterized that the electrically operated heating layer consists of carbon fibers. Arrangement according to claim 16, characterized that the Heating is generated by the stabilizing carbon fiber layer itself is flowed through by electric current.