DE19918655A1 - Arrangement for operating selected electrical loads on railway vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement performs microwave power transmission from vehicle to vehicle (T,F1-Fn) with a conversion of the microwave radiation received by each vehicle into electrical power for any supply required by the selected loads (V2,1.V2.2) and for generating a microwave beam for transferring power to the next vehicle. Vehicles in the train contain contactless microwave power transmission devices (K1-Kn) in their couplings.

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the Preamble of claim 1. Such a device is known from DE 27 56 906 C2.

In this known device mechanically electri control commands and information in means of transport op prepared table and their information content about light transfer cable from vehicle to vehicle, the Control commands and information from both a lead vehicle as well as from the other vehicles of a train nen. They are from the respective source via the light guide cables of the individual vehicles to the respective sink telt, the serial coupling of the fiber optic cable between different vehicles electrically via galvanic Coupling takes place.

Galvanic connections via the couplings of neighboring ones Railway vehicles are always problematic because Ver dirt and those occurring in rough railway operations Accelerating forces often become at least temporary Interruptions being dragged across the vehicles of a train control lines is coming. As a result, the Control commands the command receivers on the other vehicles not with sufficient certainty or that come from there The lead vehicle for which it is intended reaches the reports are not with sufficient certainty. For this reason is featured in a further development of the known facility suggest (DE 28 51 538 C2) that the electrical coupling  the fiber optic cable between the vehicles inductively via ge Shielded transmitters against electromagnetic interference coils takes place, which via the vehicle clutches in a optimal coupling position are brought.

From US-PS 5,697,583 is also an inductive over averaging commands and messages between each other coupled vehicles of a train known.

To operate the known facilities are on the drive testify to energy supply facilities to which the installed on the vehicles and in the generation, Transfer and evaluation of messages and commands prevailing switching means such. B. sensors, processors or Ak tuators are connected. Without such an energy supplier communication on the individual vehicles is not possible between the vehicles. The well-known facilities can therefore not easily be applied to freight trains are known to be on the individual vehicles no self-sufficient energy supply facilities available are.

The object of the present invention is a device specify according to the preamble of claim 1 with which it is possible to control commands and information on any number of vehicles coupled together Train to transmit without these vehicles own energy must have power supply facilities.

The invention solves this problem by using the characterizing features of claim 1. Thereafter a microwave energy transmission from vehicle to vehicle provided with a reshaping of the individual vehicle  gene received microwave radiation in electrical Supply energy. This is used for energy consumption as required supply of the selected consumers there and for generation a microwave radiation for the energy transfer to the following vehicle in each case. The to operate the selected Consumers as well as for the transmission of control commands and The energy required for information becomes more central Provide on a leading vehicle of the train poses. The particular advantage of microwave energy over Carriage from vehicle to vehicle can be seen in that the facilities required for this are extremely robust and so insensitive to interference that they are because of their low Dimensions are preferably integrated into the couplings can and that they have a certain Ab stood to each other.

Advantageous refinements and developments of the inventions The device according to the invention is specified in the subclaims ben. So claim 2 describes a detailed Design of the device according to the invention for energy supplying selected consumers of a train. Show the facilities according to claim 3 each cooperating Transmitting and receiving devices on which an energy transfer regardless of the orientation of the vehicles to their Allow running direction.

According to the teaching of claim 4 can advantageously also the setup required for the message transmission in the same way as the other selected items needs from the microwave energy transmitted shaped electrical power supply; here is particularly thought of train termination signaling devices, the line from the last vehicle of a train  bound or wireless train termination reports to a lead vehicle and / or transmit a center.

Claim 5 provides that the coupled driving testify successively in the control process conditions, in each case when the energy transmitted to them sufficient to the selected consumer of the vehicle to operate, in particular to receive commands, instructions solutions and / or send messages. Is enough With enough energy, the vehicles use the over shot energy to generate microwave radiation for the vehicle following at the end of the train.

The use is particularly advantageous according to claim 7 extension of the inventive device for train integrity surveillance viewed, the actual train termination then possibly the only consumer selected one Train is that with the vehicles in between Energy is to be supplied.

In a manner known per se, such a train termination detector is intended installed or out according to the teaching of claim 8 leads to the fact that it only generates train termination messages if he is actually on the last vehicle of a train finds.

For the clear identification of a train trailer it be advantageous according to claim 9, the Zugschlussmel with an individual identification of the person concerned To provide vehicle or train end detector, in particular the automatic activation of one of several Train termination detectors without runtime assessment on the lead vehicle  the respective final vehicle and thus the train length too detect.

In addition to the energy transfer, according to claim 10 advantageously also an information transmission through accordingly modulated microwave radiation may be provided. This can be used to transmit information individual vehicles given commands or from there Mel transmit to a lead vehicle.

The invention is based on one in the drawing schematically illustrated embodiment tert; the drawing shows only the elements necessary for the he purification of the invention are required.

In the drawing is one of several coupled together Vehicles F1 to Fn existing train seen by one traction vehicle T running at the top pulled or shot will. These vehicles are primarily to freight vehicles without their own energy supply; own energy casting supplies z. B. for refrigerated vehicles would only be an exception wisely available. In contrast to the vehicles F1 to Fn the traction vehicle T is fed from the traction current network Most or consisting of a vehicle-side generator electrical power supply device V provided. This Energy supply device is used for dining and Controlling the drive motors and brakes of the locomotive also for the generation and transmission of control commands selected consumers of the coupled vehicles, for loading Actuators provided there as well as for reception and Processing information from there. This In Formations are generated on the vehicles from there sensors, may already be evaluated there  tet, processed, stored and wired through through control cables looped or wireless on all vehicles the radio path to the motor vehicle T transmitted. For the Ener Energy supply for the selected consumers on the vehicles of the train association is in, on or at the vehicle coupling arranged devices K1 to Kn for contactless Microwave energy transfer. These facilities consist of sen effective in both directions of transmission De and receiving devices for generating or receiving Microwave radiation. This microwave radiation is on the Traction vehicle generated in a converter U provided for this purpose and via the dedicated transmitter of the facility K1 over an air gap of limited extent with the this transmitting module cooperating receiving module for Microwave radiation from the following vehicle F1 transmitted. There is the received microwave radiation in a converter U1.1 in an electrical supply energy to operate If necessary, the selected consumer of this trip implemented. The vehicle F1 is supposed to be no sol Chen selected consumers. The from the transmit telten generated microwave radiation electrical supply Energy arrives via connecting lines on the vehicle Converter U1.2 at the other end of the vehicle and is there back into microwave radiation for energy transfer implemented the following vehicle. But this only happens when there is enough energy to generate the microwaves radiation is present. This energy is used to drive Tapped energy storage S1, the example is designed as a battery and via the converter U1.1 indirectly from the micro transmitted by the locomotive wave energy is fed. Only when the energy storage S1 has reached a certain charge, the converter U1.2 e.g. B. by switching the connecting lines between  the converters are activated and generate energy supply of a microwave radiation. The minimum charge the energy storage S1 is to be dimensioned such that any selected consumers on the vehicle for one certain minimum time with electrical supply energy can be driven.

The device K2 generates the one generated by the converter U1.2 Microwave radiation to the transmitter module of your own dome half and from there contactless to the reception building stone of the coupling interacting with this coupling half half of the following vehicle F2 transmitted. There will from the received microwave radiation in one for it seen converter U2.1 an electrical energy for operation ben selected consumer of the vehicle F2 derived. This energy is stored in an energy store S2 and after reaching a predetermined charge level it will be called Supply voltage to the selected consumers V2.1 and V2.2 activated. With these consumers it can be e.g. B. sensors for monitoring temperatures, pressures, Accelerations or other physical or chemi act or any actuator such as e.g. B. electrical or mechanical control or regulating device exercises. On the vehicle can also a rating or Verar processing of the sensor messages take place. The sensor messages or the derived quantities are either over transmission lines looped through all vehicles or transmitted to the locomotive by radio. The latter Radio transmissions arranged on the vehicle F2 serve the purpose supply devices FU2, which with a corresponding Funkemp Catch the FUT of the traction vehicle. The energy ver radio transmission equipment is also supplied indirectly from the transmitted microwave energy of the drive  vehicle. About those not shown in the drawing Control lines or the one or more between the locomotive and the attached vehicles constantly or as required Certain commands can also be transferred to the transmission channels transmit to the individual vehicles there z. B. to Enabling or disabling certain sensors or Ak actuators and for retrieving sensor messages can. The energy supply for this if necessary existing switching means takes place on the vehicles concerned indirectly from the microwave energy transmitted in each case.

The messages and commands can also be via the between the Vehicles exchanged microwave radiation transmitted be provided by appropriate information of the microwaves radiation can be modulated; this eliminates additional Control lines and / or radio channels.

With the supply energy available on the vehicle F2, a microwave radiation is generated again in the converter 2.2 and transmitted to the following vehicle without contact. There the microwave radiation is converted back into electrical supply energy and a new microwave radiation is formed from it for transmission to the following vehicle. This process continues until the last vehicle Fn of the train equipped with energy transmission devices is finally reached. The microwave radiation received via the device Kn is converted into an electrical supply energy in the converter Un.1 and fed to the associated energy store Sn. This provides the presence of a sufficient charge with a train termination detector ZM, which, after activation, has a train termination code before, preferably wirelessly, on the locomotive, but e.g. B. also transmitted to route devices and / or to a control center; the transmitting / receiving devices of the motor vehicle T can serve as a relay station. The train termination detector ZM is designed in such a way that it mechanically or electrically excludes the coupling of another vehicle to the vehicle Fn, for example by being plugged onto the open coupling half of the trailer vehicle. It is also possible to equip all or at least some of the vehicles of a train association with corresponding train termination detectors and to automatically activate those of the train termination detectors in each case the one who is actually on the trailer's end vehicle; this can be caused by detection of the respective clutch condition of the vehicles. Particularly when using several train-closing sensors that can be activated as required, it is advantageous to provide the respective train-closing messages with individual identifiers via the train-switch that is activated in each case or the associated vehicle. These identifiers can be analyzed on the motor vehicle T and thus allow the actual final vehicle and thus the length of the train even at a z. B. to determine currently operational before seen train separation at a station.

In the illustrated embodiment, the furnishings are conditions for converting microwave radiation into electrical Ver supply energy and to transform this supply energy into Microwave radiation spatially separated from the associated Transmit and receive blocks shown. This spatial There is actually no separation and in the drawing only chosen for reasons of better clarity the. In fact, the converters can be part of the setup to emit or receive microwave radiation his; they are located together with the send and emp catch facilities z. B. inside or outside the driving tool clutches.  

The selected ones installed on the vehicles of a train Consumers are only activated when one is added to theirs Operation sufficient supply energy is available. This is not the case at the moment of coupling Vehicles to a locomotive. Rather, the consumption serially activated on the individual vehicles by first of all the supply energy for the first drive stuff, then the for the second vehicle, etc. to egg last vehicle is provided. Are you selected? ten consumers activated, they remain activated, because the associated energy storage indirectly from the carried microwave energy are continuously recharged. Around e.g. B. to be able to recognize the cohesion of a train witness after switching on the supply voltage the converter on the engine side is initially a predetermined one Period of time or until a specific message is received such as e.g. B. wait for the train termination message before proceeding with the evaluation start from sensor messages and start its journey. Once that is done, there are no further restrictions with regard to the energy supply of the selected consumption cher on the vehicles carried by the train.

The locomotive can also be at the other end of the train or are inside the train. In the latter case then from this locomotive microwave radiation to the one and to the vehicles following to the other side transmit and there may also be two of them Detect and evaluate independent train termination messages ten.

Claims (10)

1. Device for the operation of selected electrical consumers cher on immediately successive train vehicles z. B. are coupled and cooperate at the joints of adjacent vehicles via transducers for the electrical isolation of lines looped through the vehicles, characterized in that a microwave energy transmission from vehicle to driving tool (T, F1 to Fn) is provided with a deformation of the the individual vehicles each receive microwave radiation in electrical supply energy for supplying the selected consumers (V2.1, V2.2) there as needed and for generating a microwave radiation for the energy transmission to the following vehicle. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in
that at least some vehicles (T, F1 to Fn) of a train are equipped with devices arranged in, on or near the vehicle couplings (K1 to Kn) for contactless energy transmission by means of microwaves from vehicle to vehicle,
that the vehicles are provided with devices (U1.1 to Un.2, 51 to Sn) for converting the received microwave radiation into electrical supply energy and for storing this energy,
that the vehicles convert the electrical supply energy back into microwave radiation and transmit it to the following vehicle,
that at least one vehicle (T) with ge from the traction current network or from a vehicle-side generator (V) be operated devices (U, K1) for generating a microwave radiation and for transmission to the at least one immediately following vehicle (F1) is provided,
that at least some of the vehicles (F2) are provided with selected consumers (V2.1, V2.2), their energy needs. may cover the electrical supply energy derived from the microwave radiation received on the vehicle in question and that these vehicles - if available - save messages generated by consumers directly or after evaluation and / or processing and / or wired or wireless to the at least one vehicle (T), a route device and / or a control center. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the devices (K1 to Kn) for energy transmission consist of a send and a receive block, which with the corresponding receive or transmit module of the following Vehicle cooperate and that the transmission and reception building stones mirror-symmetrical at both ends of a vehicle are arranged to the central axis of the couplings. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized, that the power supply for message transmission he required facilities (FU2, ZM) also indirectly of microwave energy. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, that the generation of microwave radiation on a vehicle by recognizing a given minimum charge of his energy memory (S1 to Sn) is made dependent.   6. Device according to claim 5, characterized, that the predetermined minimum charge is selected so that the ge stored energy to ensure reliable operation of the selected consumer of the vehicle over a predetermined min duration is sufficient. 7. Use of the device according to one of claims 1 to 6 for train integrity monitoring / verification by arrangement a train termination detector (ZM) on the at least one end vehicle (Fn), the ge from the microwave energy is dined across all between a selected driving witness (T) and the at least one final vehicle of a train running vehicles (F2) is transmitted. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized, that the train termination detector (ZM) when arranged on a circuit vehicle (Fn) there its free vehicle coupling against the Coupling another vehicle locks or that on the Vehicles (F2) train that can be activated with a free vehicle coupling final indicator (FU2) are provided. 9. Device according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized, that the train terminator (s) for the transmission of indivi duels, from the end of train announcements of other vehicles or Train termination detectors different train termination messages at least are set up for the selected vehicle.   10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, that the transmit and receive modules of the facilities (K1 to Kn) for transmitting messages or commands are aimed, the information transfer simultaneously or regardless of the energy transfer.