DE19825209A1 - Nonlinear digital video or film cutting and mixing method for production of stereoscopic effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves removing cyan color values from one video- or film track, and red color values from another, parallel recorded video or film track. The resulting color values of corresponding pairs of frames of the tracks are added. The resulting frames are recorded on a new video or film track. The resulting video or film can be viewed on a television screen or computer monitor, using viewing glasses which have a higher permeability for a red color range on one side, and for a cyan color range on the other side.

Description

To be able to perceive pictures - whether animated or standing - it is three-dimensional, i.e. spatial required to provide different visual information to each eye of the beholder. At the Normal vision this is ensured by the presence of two human eyes, one around each received about 6.5 centimeters (eye relief) offset image. These two images (stereo image pair) are in the Brain put together into a three-dimensional image, so that the viewer distances and depths can perceive.

Although stereo listening has already taken a firm place in the area of acoustics, in the area of No completely satisfactory solutions are available to date. Either require existing ones Solutions the presence of extensive technical equipment - such as B. the projection method with Polarizing glasses - are hardly usable due to the enormous effort during filming or leave so much to be desired in terms of quality that a fatigue-free viewing of the Footage is not possible. The known methods are briefly explained here:

Use of polarization filters (polarizing filters)

This procedure enables the best reproduction qualities with regard to the three-dimensional representation of Film. As with the method presented here, two parallel im Fixed eye relief of about 6.5 centimeters fixed cameras. During playback, those for the left Eye-intended information (light waves) is sent through a polarizing filter offset by 45 degrees and that for the right eye determined by an offset of -45 degrees. The viewer uses spectator glasses that has a polarizing filter offset by 45 degrees above the left eye and a -45 degree above the right eye offset polarizing filter. The light waves offset by -45 degrees (right projector) become 45 degrees staggered polarizing filter (left eye) not let through and vice versa. So every eye receives only that Light information from the correct projector. This procedure is for video playback on one TV screen is not suitable because the presence of exactly two projectors is required.

3D viewing glasses (DE / EP 0325019)

On the fact that human eyes do not absorb light and dark light values equally quickly this patent is based. By preventing the bright light waves over one eye and reinforcing The bright light waves over the other eye result from the viewer during the presentation horizontally moving scenes a three-dimensional impression. The main disadvantage of this method consists in having to move the camera horizontally during the recording, which is particularly important Makes shooting in the macro range impossible. If the camera movement stops, it is three-dimensional Effect no longer recognizable. Furthermore, there is only the possibility of one at a few recording locations Let the camera perform a horizontal movement.

Analog anaglyph method

Among other things, the patent DE 28 06 224 from 14.2.78 uses the analog anaglyph method. This Online (overprinting) anaglyph processes have so far not been able to establish themselves commercially since later ones (Offline) corrections to the color values are no longer possible. When using parallel running Cameras and objects that come close to the two lenses produce very different fields. After the fields have been broken down into certain complementary colors, the overlap areas are so small (the differences are so great) that viewing through anaglyph glasses with the attainment of stereoscopic Effect is no longer possible. Because the image information of the two fields horizontally too far apart and thus large areas of cyan and red are filled, the visual center of the Viewer no longer put the fields together. Shadows appear to the viewer in the picture (Shadow formation).

Direct anaglyph recording

This method uses a beam splitter installed on a camera, the two at eye relief captured fields are exposed through optics onto a film. In front of one lens of the device is a red color filter and a cyan in front of the other. During the exposure, the two are exposed to the Color filters then came together directly into an anaglyph image. Apart from that too here shadow formation in close-ups is a rigid solution, a later one Editing the images generally makes it impossible. Furthermore, the attached color filters cause a high Loss of brightness values, which means that only extremely bright cameras are possible for the recordings, that cause high costs.

LCD shutter glasses

This procedure presupposes the presence of glasses, which by darkening one eye each makes the wrong field of the television screen invisible. This changing sequence of Permeability / opacity generated in coordination with the light waves emanating from the television screen A strong flickering in the eye of the beholder, since common television screens are clocked at only 50 Hz become. After a short time, headaches and signs of fatigue appear, which makes the procedure apart from the high cost of glasses - is unsuitable.

Cyber helmet

Two LCD screens are installed in the cyber helmet directly in front of the viewer's eyes, each of which bring the right information of the recordings to the right eye. For use on television screens this method is not suitable because, similar to the polarization method, two projectors (LCD screens) are necessary.

The problem is, therefore, a viewing solution that does not require expensive additional hardware Find stereoscopic footage on popular television screens. In addition, the procedure should be like this be applicable that shadows that occur can be eliminated after inspection. It is also towards  make sure that a two-dimensional film can be created in addition to a stereoscopic film. The The process must be easily reproducible and therefore also commercially usable in terms of quantity.

This is achieved here in that two cameras that are installed horizontally in parallel and run synchronously recorded video tracks one after the other in digital form on a computer storage unit (e.g. hard disk) be saved (1). Then these two (left and right) film tracks become frame-accurate one on top of the other in a non-linear cutting system (2), after which the following mixing and filter loop on the Film tracks are applied:

Removal of the cyan color components from the first possible frame of the one film track, Removal of the red colored parts of the color from the adequate parallel frame of the other film track, generation a new frame of a third film track with additive color mixing of the two changed frames of the first and second film track and final storage of the new frame on storage unit or transfer of the new frames using interface hardware to a frame-accurate video recording device. Continuation of the Proceed with the next frame etc. until the desired new film sequence is finished.

The result of this compilation is a film track file (or a film when the new frames on a recording device) are available, which result from the color change and additive merged old frames together (3). If shadow errors (3) occur, you can now correctively intervene in one or both of the input film tracks by the complete Removal of red or cyan color values is dispensed with, and the optimum with only partial gradations Filter the result (4). Finally, the highest quality stereoscopic film material is available. The original material remains untouched, which also cuts a two-dimensional film can.

Although the author Gerhard Kuhn, known as a specialist, published in 1992 in the publishing house for photo, film and video (viv Verlag) published book "Stereofotografie und Raumbildprojjection" on page 16, paragraph 2 das Anaglyph process described as "not suitable for colored templates" can be done with the one presented here Procedures and their correction options can be achieved fatigue-free results.

Claims (1)

Non-linear digital video / film editing and mixing process with color-changing measures of two film tracks recorded in parallel and additive mixing of both film tracks into a new film track or a film for the generation of a stereoscopic effect when viewing film sequences on a television screen or computer monitor using spectator glasses, which on the one hand has a significantly higher permeability in the red area than on the other hand, which has a significantly higher permeability in the cyan area, containing:

• - Removal of cyan color values from one video track
• - Removal of red color values from the other video track.
• - Additive mixing of the color values of each frame of one film track with the color values of the corresponding frame of the other film track and generation of a new frame of a new film track and repeating the process until the new film track is completed.