DE19720689A1 - Method and device as well as punching tool for producing individual pieces of dough from its continuous dough sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing individual pieces of dough from a continuous line of dough. According to the invention, a series of separate shapes is cut out in the end section of the line of dough, either diagonally to or across the longitudinal direction of the line, each of said shapes being complete in itself and corresponding to a piece of dough. The series of adjacent shapes or pieces of dough are then removed from the end of the line of dough and turned for further processing or rotated or repositioned in some other way. The cutting elements(s) used to cut out the series of dough pieces at the end of the line of dough is/are also used partially or fully for removing and placing or positioning, guiding, holding, turning and/or moving the cut-out dough pieces. After the dough pieces have been positioned, the cutting elements are moved back to the end of the line for the next cutting out operation.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing individual pieces of dough a continuous dough sheet by inserting a into the end section of the dough sheet row of separate, each oblique or transverse to the longitudinal direction of the web is cut out in self-contained contours, which the dough pieces correspond, these contours or dough pieces lying side by side in a row removed from the end of the web and rotated or pivoted for further processing or otherwise positioned. The invention further relates to a front direction for separating dough pieces from a continuous dough sheet, suitable for carrying out the above method and with the following Components is provided: with a and the of punched or other actuated and / or moved by drive means Cutting tool, with a table opposite this as a top, bottom or storage for the dough band and the resulting from it by means of punching or cutting dough pieces cut with the tool and acting on the drive means Control means for the coordination of the to be moved or driven directional components including the punching or cutting tool.

Such methods and devices are used to cut dough for certain baked goods that are wound from pieces of dough, in particular Croissants. For these, isosceles triangles are always made from the dough band cut out so that no dough remains (see for example EP 0 382 105 A1). This requires that the base side of the isosceles three corners must always be parallel to the direction of transport of the dough sheet. Indeed To wrap the piece of dough, the triangle base side must always be in front Lying in the direction of transport. Therefore machines are needed, which the triangular piece of dough on the conveyor belt into the desired position bring tion.

In this regard, so-called "angle croissant tomatoes" are known Machines that cut triangles out of the dough sheet and use them behind  other arranged conveyor belts cut the differential speeds Pull the triangles apart. These are then expanded by association Right hand conveyor belts that are at right angles to the previous conveyor derbänder are arranged. In this way, expensive spreading and Rotation devices for the dough pieces are spared. However, it is disadvantageous that the trans direction of the port must be deflected by 90 ° (for example if it is aimed directly at one Freezer should be worked). Another disadvantage is that because of the location the base leg of the cut triangle left and right of the machine one angle device is required. When using only one winder, the to cut out the dough piece, each with a dough piece bandage a dry top and a piece of dough with a moist top side runs into the winder.

Also in croissant production machines of the type mentioned at the beginning, so-called te "line croissant tomatoes" are pieces of dough in a special cutting station cut out and sent for further processing on a conveyor belt (see EP 0 382 105 A1). The cut pieces of dough are separated other "spread", that is, moved apart transversely to the conveying direction, so Space for their turning arises. The spreading apart and turning the dough Pieces are made using a gripper in a plane parallel to the top of the conveyor belt. The dough pieces are always transported straight or in a line. The Gripper and pick-up devices for spreading and turning require a large ß number of drive motors, what the effort in terms of components and the control software increased. Added to this are the cutting stations for which special punching devices or cutting rollers along with the associated type drives are required.

In the known systems, the disadvantage is that the dough piece after the punching / cutting remains relatively long on the dough band before it is through Conveyor / spreading means is moved away from the dough sheet. Above all, this can glue the cut surfaces again for certain doughs.

The invention has for its object, while avoiding the above Disadvantages for the transport of dough in line, a method and an apparatus for Cutting dough pieces out of continuous dough bands as well as for directional placement of the cut dough pieces for further processing to create a small number of functional or structural components and a low manufacturing and design effort, especially what the Dough piece guidance is necessary. Also stick the pieces of dough together with each other immediately after being cut up.

The solution to this is a method with the features mentioned at the beginning proposed according to the invention that for removal, rotation and storage or other positioning, guiding, holding and / or moving the cutouts NEN pieces of dough the cutting agent or cutting agents are used to stop cutting the row of dough pieces were used at the end of the web, and that after depositing the cutting means for cutting out dough pieces again be moved back to the (end) web end. According to the invention the one or more cutting tools, be it a combination of Cutting contours, for example in the context of a punching tool, not only for Cutting out the dough pieces, but also for transport, for moving and used to move the cut dough pieces. Expensive spreading and Turning devices with automatic gripper systems can be saved ren. In particular if one or more after an embodiment of the invention Stamping tools each used with a preferably elongated upper part be the one or more cutting sections generating the contours for Generation of the dough piece row has, this association of dough pieces hold, guide and between the cutting elements of the upper part of the punching tool move. An elongated shape for the upper part is useful because then several cutting sections each with a dough piece contour leave in a row, also one behind the other in the direction of transport. For this it is advantageous that immediately after cutting or punching the dough piece contours into the Dough band end the pressure on the punch top against the associated one Lower part is withdrawn so far that the upper part with its cutting channel slide on the surface of the lower part and / or be moved over it  can. This allows the cut-out dough piece bandage or one only piece of dough with a single cutting means particularly easily from the dough Remove the tape end over a surface or side, turn or otherwise posi function.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the dough piece contour is subsequently cut drive manufactured: One in front of the movable cutting means or punching tools For example, stationary, installed punching or cutting equipment cuts se the base of an isosceles triangular dough contour, while the Leg cut with the cutting means used for moving the dough piece be. With follow-up cutting tools, it makes sense to add the dough piece to be picked with pickers, since the contour of the cutting tool is not closed is.

As part of an invention training, the punching or cutting tool not be turned to move the dough pieces. For example with right angular, square or round products where turning doesn't make sense linear movement would suffice.

The throughput of cut and aligned dough pieces can be done increase if, after one embodiment of the method according to the invention, as many cutting agents as possible, each with a cutting contour for the dough piece form in the transport direction next to each other and / or one behind the other in the Dough band end area arranged and in the composite with each other or individually other synchronized and / or coordinated operated and moved. This Thought can be through the above-mentioned elongated shape for the Punching tool upper part, in which a plurality of cutting means are joined together in one piece can be rows, implement them in practice.

The above-mentioned object of the invention can be done with the above Method according to an alternative of the invention or after an additional training solve the previously explained method invention in that the Pieces of dough after cutting out in their arrangement and / or in their Ver  band or their row are left, and by means of the cutting means or this row or arrangement of dough pieces as a whole is removed from the end of the web and is rotated and then deposited, after which the cutting means in their cutout position to the (front) web end and rotated again. This is also the method mentioned at the outset aspired to create a piece of dough transport in line, especially in croissant production, for the isosceles triangles can be cut out, the triangle base side can be as in transport screed Position the facing end. The base side is opposite triangle tip backwards against the dough transport direction turns.

After concretizing the general, inventive basic idea, in the period between cutting out the dough pieces and putting them down the cutting pieces of dough with cutting means leading first linearly removed from the end of the web and then rotated; after putting down the dough piece this process is repeated in reverse until the cutting means over the Have reached the end of the dough sheet. The fulcrum moves during this sequence of movements or the axis of rotation of the cutting compound in the transport direction of the dough band ends away and back again.

Within the scope of the invention, the pieces of dough can have any shape point. In practice, however, it is mostly related to the croissant producing the contours of an isosceles triangle or a trapezoid Application which are symmetrical with respect to a central axis. Because of the As is known per se, demands for the remaining dough being free (cf. EP 0 382 105 A1), the dough pieces in the shape of an isosceles triangle or a symmetrical trapezoid at the end of the dough sheet so that the end of the dough sheet runs approximately sawtooth-like. In this context an embodiment of the method according to the invention is expedient, according to which each dough cutting process or the cutting means, if necessary, in the Can be rotated 180 ° in an alternating direction. There by it is possible that the cutting contours of the cutting tool with  cover the resulting sawtooth-shaped dough sheet end edge, the after each cutting process according to a 180 ° phase shift or a mirror image is newly created.

To solve the above object of the invention is in a device with the gangs mentioned feature proposed according to the invention, the punching or To provide cutting tool detecting guide means, which with the An drive and / or control means are coupled and ver parallel to the table top run that punching or cutting tool with the cut dough pieces can slide on and / or along the table top and from the dough sheet end is removable and rotatable or pivotable. These movements run in a plane parallel to the table top and across or at an angle to the cutting direction tung. The advantages mentioned above for the method according to the invention apply here corresponding. In particular, the punching or Cutting tools not only for the actual purpose of cutting out Pieces of dough, but also for their transport and alignment uses. This saves the arrangement of separate, additional functional components like grabs. In addition, the freshly cut dough pieces can be timely move away from the end of the dough sheet before they stick together.

To increase the transport and gliding ability and to reduce ver Wear and mechanical damage is the result of training device according to the invention provided that the drive means one for dough band directed pressure or actuator and one of these oppositely have directed or counteracting reset device, with each the cutting elements of the punching or cutting tool are connected. Here is the return path triggered by the reset device for the cutting elements dimensioned so that the cutting elements except positive engagement with the Top of the table, but the punching or cutting tool with the cut dough pieces in frictional engagement and / or sliding contact with the Top of the table remains. This ensures that the dough pieces are always between the punching and cutting tool and the table top (which in the case  of the punching forms the punching lower part) held, guided and shifted who that can.

One corresponding or adapted to the procedure according to the invention The structure of the guide means for the punching or cutting tool is that this one from the end of the dough sheet in or parallel to the transport direction to Ab have position of the dough pieces running linear guide in which a Carriage carrying punch or cutting tool can be pushed back and forth device. A rotary bearing is formed in or on the slide, on which the punching or cutting tool is rotatably attached. The drives are correspondingly tel with a linear drive module for moving the carriage and a Rotary drive module for rotating the punching or cutting tool for the purpose of off Direction of the pieces of dough to be stored, these modules to their Ko ordination and / or synchronization with each other and / or with any dough piece or dough sheet conveying means are coupled to the control means.

The rotary drive module is an advantage for saving drive components passively designed, such that it is driven by the linear drive or the one sled over driver elements around the axis of rotation of the rotary bearing in Rotation is offset. On the other hand, it is also conceivable for the rotary drive - how for the linear drive - separate drive units, for example an electri to provide a rotary motor. In such a case would be an electri as a linear drive shear linear motor useful, because then both electric motors over a common Common communication system directed and / or regulated by the control means could become.

The solution of the above inventive task also serves with the addressed NEN, inventive device combinable punching tool characterized by a first and a second holding plate as the basic structure, the are connected to one another in the punching stroke direction so as to be (re) adjustable. The first Holding plate carries the cutting elements with the dough piece contour or generating cutting edges, and the second holding plate is provided with elements for Eject and / or hold down dough on or between the knives  mentions. For this, the dough ejection and / or holding elements are immediate bar next to the cutting elements and / or slidable with an adjuster hub arranged, which is on both sides of the cutting edge of the cutting element stretches. With this punching tool in a two-part, self-adjustable basic structure the ejection and / or holding elements for reliable storage of the dough pieces and for a dough-free return of the cutting elements to the forehead Insert the end of the dough sheet.

Further details, features and advantages are provided on the basis of the invention itself from the subclaims and the following description of a be preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings. This show in:

Fig. 1 is a perspective side view of the machine according to the invention for punching, turning and positioning of cut-out dough triangles with machine frame, linear guide system in the upper area, slide guided therein, among others

Fig. 2 shows the machine according to the invention in side view,

Fig. 3 is a perspective side view of the front end region of the machine with centering fork,

Fig. 4 is a perspective side view of the lower machine part with punching tool,

Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of the punching tool, the tool according to the invention the carrier and the carriage in the machine,

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 shows the detail VII of Fig. 5 in an enlarged view

Fig. 8 is a view of the cutting plate of the punching tool on the underside Un without cutting blade,

Fig. 9 in plan view, the Teigstück- / punching tool movement sequence from the cutting to the aligned drop according to the invention,

Fig. 10 in a corresponding view the Teigstück- / punching tool movement sequence of the tray up to the blanking operation,

Fig. 11, Fig. 9 corresponding movement of the punch tool stations in the machine to cut into dough transport, in plan view,

Fig. 12 the Fig. 10 corresponding movement stations of the punching tool in the machine after dough piece storage against the dough transport direction, and

FIG. 13a-d respectively in a perspective view the operation of the machine to the invention OF INVENTION with the punch movement stations of a complete cycle.

According to Fig. 1 and 2, the frame 1 of the machine according to the invention is supported to the combined cutting and positioning of pieces of dough on a frame 3 on the ground or in a machine base. In the upper area of the machine frame 1 , a linear guide 5 with a guide rod 7 is installed, which extends parallel to the dough transport direction or to the machine side. On the guide rod 7 , a slide 11 is slidably mounted in or against the dough transport direction 9 ; in the practical embodiment, two guide rods 7 pass through the slide 11 via continuous guide bores 13 formed therein. A ball bushing guide known per se can be used for the slide guide.

As a linear drive for the cylinder in a practical exemplary embodiment, rodless pneumatic cylinder 15 above the slide 11 is arranged and supported against the mesh frame 1 . Whose movement stroke he extends parallel to the guide rod 7 of the slide linear guide 5th By a (not shown), higher-level control of the pneumatic cylinder 15 is actuated in a timely manner or actuated, which are both also mounted transversely on the pneumatic cylinder 15 as the carriage 11 to their guides duri fend over drive pin 17, the slide 11 in and against the dough transport direction 9 to move.

Alternatively, the linear guide system can also be reversed Three-phase drive are formed, which the carriage through a toothed belt drives. The slide guide can be used, for example, as a linear guide be executed.

According to Fig. 1 and 2, another pneuma tikzylinder are mounted 19 to inject the punching stroke on a punching tool 21 and on the underside a tool holder 23 for supporting and holding the punching zeugs 21 in the carriage 11 on the top. At the upper, front end of the punching stroke pneumatic cylinder 19 , a damping disc 27 is placed on a continuous center rod 25 at the upper end (a rubber damping spring 113 according to FIG. 1). This can be used in conjunction with a screwed from above onto an end projecting external thread 29 of the central rod 25 adjusting nut 31 as a counter bearing for adjusting the distance 32 of the cutting elements of the punch 21 to the lower punch 33 . The punching tool 21 can be fastened to the lower end of the tool carrier 23 via a quick-change device 35 (shown schematically). This allows the user to react flexibly to the shape of the dough piece by changing the punching tool using the appropriate shape. At the upper end of the cylindrical tool carrier, a turntable 39 is attached via a radial extension 37 . These can, as shown in detail below, derived from the linear drive 15 in connection with the linear guide 5 rotary movements for the punching tool, which, depending on the desired shape of the dough, are realized by embossing or cutting out, specifically adapted guide tracks in the turntable 39 . In the concrete Ausführungsbei this is game realized by two the point of rotation of the rotating disk symmetrical 39 disposed guide recesses 41, in which at the appropriate time (see below), the piston rods 43 of two in the engine room 1 gegenüberlie quietly disposed pneumatic cylinders 45 to a non gezeichne of the (th ) Control means to be threaded at a specific time. As a result, the turntable 39 , when it is moved linearly by the carriage 11 , is simultaneously set in rotation about its axis of rotation, which is also transmitted to the punching tool 21 .

According to FIG. 2, the rear and front dead center of the movement stroke of the slide or at 11 the corresponding rear and front sides of the Maschi nenrahmens 1 centering brackets 47 a, 47 b at the respective inner walls BEFE Stigt, as shown in Fig. 3 it can be seen even more clearly . According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, position 49 of the centering fork 47 is b in the direction of transport in dough 9 front dead center of the carriage stroke, a centering pin engaged 51 between the two tines, whereby the tool carrier is guided 23 parallel to the transport direction in the front piece of dough tray position in or and is positioned. Corresponding applies to the rear centering fork 47 a in connection with the centering and fixation of the tool carrier 23 in the punching position. The centering bolts 51 for the two centering forks 47 a, 47 b are each attached to the underside of the rotary disk 39 . The front centering fork 47 b positioned ger so that the punching tool 21 with its longitudinal direction the transporting direction parallel to the dough 9 extends the Werkzeugträ, whereas with centering through the rear Zen trier fork rotated 47 a of the tool holder 23 together with the punch 21 to 90 ° for the punching position , with the longitudinal direction transverse to the Teigtrans port direction 9 , is made (see also below).

According to Fig. 2 and 4, the punching tool 21 is in supporting a cutting blade 53 on the underside of holding plate 55 and an overlying base plate 57 is divided with the quick-change device 35 on the top of the tool carrier 23. As can also be seen in more detail in FIG. 5, the cutting plate 55 is slidably guided relative to the base plate 57 in the punching stroke direction 59 by means of guide columns 61 on the two longitudinal ends of the punching tool 21 . The Füh approximately pillars 61 are rigidly fixed to the top of the cutting plate 55 and by setting guide holes 63 at the two longitudinal ends of the base plate 57th At the upper end, the guide columns 61 end in male thread projections 65 , onto each of which an adjusting nut 67 is screwed. With this, the guide column 61 comprising elastomer spring 69 can be tensioned and the corresponding spring travel can be set. On the upper and lower end of the Elasto merfeder 69 washers 71 are attached. By adjusting the spring travel by means of the adjusting nut 67 , the return stroke of the cutting plate 55 can be adjusted so that the punching stroke pneumatic cylinder 19 is reset when the punching process is finished. The elastomer spring 69 is preferably made of polyurethane, and the two washers 71 between the elastomer spring end faces on the one hand and the adjusting nut 67 or the base plate top side serve the better distribution of the pressure from the adjusting nut 67 on the spring elements 69th By moving the punching stroke pneumatic cylinder 19 into the depressurized state immediately after cutting the dough sheet into pieces of dough, the elastomer springs 69 can push the cutting plate 55 against the base plate 57 upwards into a position in which the punch 21 with the cut-out pieces of dough can be pressed Punching tool lower part 33 can slide.

In Fig. 5, the punch 21 is drawn in the punching position, that is, the cutting knives 53 protrude with sufficient projection 73 Niederhalteplätt chen 75, for example, made of plastic, which are attached to the lower ends of guide rods 77 and each side between the mutually facing inner sides of the cutting knives 53 which form the dough piece contours. At the other end, the guide rods 77 are rigidly fastened to the underside of the base plate 57 and from there penetrate the cutting plate 55 in respective guide bores 79 up to the hold-down plates 75 at the lower end, which hold the cut-out dough pieces during transport on the lower part of the punch 33 and serve for stripping and ejecting the dough pieces into the aligned storage position (see below). With this arrangement, the cutting knives 53 and the hold-down plates 75 can move up and down relative to each other. If the cutting blades of the cutting stroke pneumatic cylinder 19 moves 53 with a corresponding control or actuation by the distance G upward, located between the cutting blades 53 and even clamped Teigstückpartikel can be stripped. For the product change sel the punch 21 is removably supported by the tool holder 23 via the quick-change device 35 (see FIG. 2 or 4). From the top of the base plate 57 on both sides of the tool carrier 23 upwardly projecting guide bolts 81 serve to guide the punch 21 in complementary slots of the tool carrier 23 (not shown). The height of the guide bolts 81 is slightly less than the wall thickness in the corresponding receiving part of the tool carrier 23 , so that the base plate 57 is pulled and fixed against the tool carrier 23 by means of a screw or nut element 83 . When cutting into the tool carrier 23 , the punch 21 is held by support disks 85 directly below the end face of the screw / nut elements 83 . Within a trained as a ring-shaped projection centering collar 87 , which ensures the exact central position of the punch 21 in the tool carrier 23 , the connecting rod 89 of the punch extends upward to the connector 91 of the piston rod 93 of the pneumatic punching stroke cylinder 19th The connection between the piston rod gene connector 91 and the connecting rod 89 of the punch 21 can be accomplished by means of a (schematically indicated) cross-screw connection 95 be.

Referring to FIG. 5, the tool carrier 23 is a centering collar surrounding the screw block 87 to 97, which is 83 connected thereto is placed on the top of the base plate 57 of the punch 21 and bung via the guide pin 81 with Verschrau. The connecting rod 89 and the screwed connector 91 of the piston rod 93 are accommodated in a mounting cavity 99 which is formed within the screw block 97 . It can be designed as a slot, over the outer surface of which the punch 21 is centered by means of its centering collar 87 . The screw block 97 is connected, for example screwed, to a rotary casing 101 , which is rotatably mounted relative to an inner sleeve 105 via pivot bearing points 103 . The inner sleeve 105 is firmly connected on its upper end face to the carriage 11 on the underside of the sen, for example screwed. The Rotationsumman telung 101 is at the upper end with the turntable 39 on the underside a related party, for example screwed. Thus, the turntable 39 , if it derives its rotations from the linear drive system, can transfer it to the tool carrier 23 or its screw block 97 . Compared to the rotary casing 101 set in rotation by the turntable 39 , the core of the tool carrier 23 , the inner sleeve 105 , remains at a standstill because the torque cannot be transmitted due to the rotary bearing 103 attached to the upper and lower ends of the inner sleeve 105 . The inner sleeve 105 is secured against axial displacement by a locking washer 107 at the lower, front end, which surrounds the piston rod connector 91 . The punching stroke pneumatic cylinder 19 is mounted on the carriage 11 to bring about punching movements of the cutting plate 55 with the cutting knives 53 . The punching depth can be adjusted by means of a cylinder adjusting nut 109 , which is screwed onto an external thread projection 111 , which protrudes on the front side from the pneumatic punching stroke cylinder 19 at the upper end. A rubber spring 113 arranged directly on the lower end face of the cylinder adjusting nut 109 serves to dampen the movement when driving into the end position.

So that the rotational movement of the rotary casing 101 of the tool carrier 3 in addition to that of the screw block 97 is not transmitted to the piston rod 93 and its connecting piece 91 of the pneumatic punching cylinder 19 , the connecting rod 89 of the punching tool 21 is shown in FIG. 6, which at its lower end has a stamp-like extension 115 so that housed in a plastic housing 117 and rotatably mounted. This is attached to the top of the cutting plate 55 , for example by means of screw points 119 . Inside half of the plastic housing 117 immediately below the underside of the stem extension 115 there is a slide bearing disk 121 which serves for the axial transmission of force from the pneumatic punching stroke cylinder 19 to the cutting plate 55 of the punching tool 21 . The latter is - like the housing 117 - especially for reasons of noise reduction and friction with plastic Herge. The base plate 57 of the punching tool 21 is connected via the screw connection 81 , 83 , 85 to the rotatable part 97 , 101 of the tool carrier 23 . The possibly rotating cutting plate 55 can be moved up and down by the pneumatic punch-stroke cylinder 19 decoupled from the rotation, the guide columns 61 in the guide bores 63 of the base plate 57 correspondingly lifting or lowering.

In Fig. 7 the attachment of the cutting knife 53 in a milled knife receiving groove 123 is shown enlarged. For fastening and stabilization, an L-shaped fastening bracket 125 is used , in which the outer sides of the L-legs are both screwed to the underside of the cutting plate 55 and fixed to the inner wall of the cutting knife 53 by means of a welding point 127 .

Figs. 8 is a view with or without remote cutting blade, wherein the milled in the underside of the mounting plate 55 receiving groove 123 with its contour of an isosceles triangle - according to the dough piece to be cut - is clearly visible. This knife receiving groove 123 is, as it were, relevant as an insertion template for all cutting knives which must be symmetrical to one another with the greatest possible precision.

According to Fig. 1 and 2, the punching tool is arranged below the lower part 33 of the machine frame 1 which is realized in a concrete embodiment through a first feed belt conveyor table 129 and a second out-feed conveyor table 131st On the first conveyor belt table 129 , the dough pieces are cut out or punched out of the continuous dough belt. For this purpose, at least the first conveyor belt table 129 is provided with a cut-resistant surface. The second conveyor belt table 131 serves to deposit the dough pieces from the punch 21 , which transports from the first conveyor belt table via the joint or gap 133 between the two tables 129 , 131 to the second conveyor belt table 131 in the conveying direction 9 downward by means of the punch 21 or have been moved. After ejecting the dough pieces and retracting the punch 21 , the second conveyor belt table 131 feeds the dough pieces to a winding unit. According to FIG. 2, the feed table 129 is used with a stiffened cutting base 135 and covered with an elastomer plate serving as an abutment or punching tool lower part of the cutting blade 53 and provides sufficient flatness and elasticity of the thrust bearing in the upper side of the first conveyor belt.

The method according to the invention is described below in connection with the Operation of the device according to the invention explained.

In FIGS. 9 and 10 a complete cycle of movement of the cutting contour of the punch tool for the specific application of the croissant production of dough pieces with the contour of an isosceles triangle is shown. In the drawing embodiment, the punch has four matching cutting contours of isosceles triangular shape, each with the base side Bs. This runs in position W for punching out parallel to the edge 139 of the continuously fed dough sheet 141 (a clocked feed is also possible in principle). The axis of symmetry s of the isosceles cutting contours 137 extends in position W perpendicular to the edge of the dough sheet 139 or to the dough transport direction 9 . During the punching out of an isosceles three corner-shaped dough pieces, the conveyor belt carrying the dough belt 139 is appropriately briefly stopped. After completion of the punching process, the composite of cutting contours 137 is first moved linearly in the transport direction 9 until a certain position X is reached, in which sufficient space and distance to the remaining sawtooth-like punched front edge 143 of the dough band 141 has remained ver. Now the rotation of the punching tool or the assembly on cutting contours 137 can be initiated about the pivot point D located between the two middle cutting contours. In the example shown, the rotation takes place clockwise 145 . With this increasing rotation, which takes place approximately in or on a plane corresponding to the dough band 141 , at the same time the linear movement of the punching tool 21 is continued in such a way that the point of rotation on a line 1 in the dough transport direction 9 continuously moves, which expediently corresponds to the center line or The central axis of the dough sheet 141 corresponds. Half the full end of the rotary movement 145 approximately in the angular range of 45 ° is shown as an intermediate position Y. With continuation or completion of the rotation after passing through an angle of 90 ° from the position W / X to the position Z for dough piece storage, the pivot point or the axis of rotation D has also been linearly shifted further in the direction of transport 9 , and the axis of symmetry s is Cover with the dough sheet center line I came. If the dough pieces carried within the cutting contours 137 have been ejected in position Z, for example by means of the hold-down plate 75 (see FIG. 5), the linear movement for the punching tool 21 is reversed in a counter direction 10 against the dough transport direction 9 ( FIG. 10). As the return movement 10 increases , the rotation 145 is initiated or continued again clockwise for the punching tool 21 until the intermediate rotational position designated by Y1 according to FIG. 10 is reached. With further movement of the punching tool 21 , the back-linear movement 10 and the rotary movement 145 being superimposed on one another, the position X1 according to FIG. 10 is finally reached, which corresponds to the position X in FIG. 9. Both positions are characterized in that the triangle axis of symmetry s is now perpendicular to the dough sheet center line I. During the entire motion sequence, the punch pivot D is always on the center line I first according to FIG. 9 in the dough transport direction 9 and after dough piece storage in the dough transport opposite direction 10 (back). The base of the isosceles triangle is again in position X1 parallel to the dough band edge 139 . Since after dough piece storage according to position Z, the rotation in the clockwise direction 145 continued, the punch 21 is now rotated in position X1 relative to the corresponding position X in FIG. 9 by exactly 180 °, so that the triangular tips (the base sides Bs opposite) in FIG. 10 downward (while upward in FIG. 9). With further linear return movement 10 , the cutting contours can now come into exact alignment over the saw-toothed end edge 143 of the dough sheet 141 cut out in FIG. 9 in position W, as indicated in FIG. 10 by W1. Since the positions W, W1 of the punch are expediently identical for the punching process, the dough band must have been moved through the punch 21 by a distance in the dough transport direction 9 during the passage of the positions XYZ-Y1-X1-W1, which is half the length of the Base side corresponds to Bs. Under these prerequisites, the oblique sides of the triangular cutting contours 137 facing in the dough transport direction 9 can lie congruently or flush over the sawtooth front edge 143 of the dough band 39 that remained during the previous punching process for a flush, residual dough-free punching process.

In Fig. 11 and 12, the just explained process operations entspre sponding movement sequences of the hub 39 are shown for the adjustment of the punching zeugs 21 in the sense of the method according to the invention. The turntable 39 , shown partially broken off in different movement stations in the plan view, is rotatably connected to the tool carrier 23 and the punching tool 21 (see above) and adjusts and rotates these into the position W, W1 for punching and into the position Z for aligned depositing. The pivot point or the pivot bearing D moves - analogously to FIGS. 9 and 10 - linearly exactly on the center line I of the dough sheet to be punched out.

According to FIG. 11, in the position W, the assembly of cutting contours 137 is on the underside of the punching tool below the turntable 39 in the punching position. The base side Bs of the cutting contours 137 runs parallel to the long side and points downwards in FIG. 11. In the position Z for the aligned placement of dough pieces 147 , the turntable 39 or the combination of cutting contours 137 is rotated 90 ° clockwise 145 . The Ba side of the Bs isosceles cutting contours 137 in the dough transport direction 9 to the front; The same applies to the base side Bs of the dough pieces 147 , with which a downstream winder (not shown) can be loaded immediately. In the position W for punching out, the turntable 39 is precisely centered by the Zen trunnion 51 in the rear centering fork 47 a, so that the cutting contours 137 can coincide or be flush with the sawtooth-shaped end edge 143 of the dough band 141, and punch individual dough pieces 147 precisely. After completion of the punching process, the carriage 11 with the turntable 39 articulated thereon is initially only moved linearly in the dough transport direction 9 to the position X, where the rotation 145 clockwise of the turntable 39 is initiated. The centering pin 51 provides, as long as it is in the rear centering fork 47 a (distance A-A1), for a centered removal of the dough pieces and the composite of cutting contours from the front edge of the dough sheet. In position X it is possible to initiate rotation 145 of turntable 39 . For this purpose, according to indication of the position X to the control means of these is the corresponding turntables pneumatic cylinder 45 to control so that the right in the transport direction 9 piston rod 43 a is extended and A of the turntable 39 come into engagement with the corresponding guide recess 41st After moving the route A-A1, Fig. 11 is the right piston rod 43 a directly at the entrance of the right guide recess 41 a, which he has a first start portion 149 and an oblique, second end portion 151 to it. The piston 43 a, located in the transport direction 9 to the right of the center line I, gives a clockwise rotation 145 with increasing linear displacement of the turntable 39 , namely from reaching position A2. In this position, the piston rod 43 a is at the edge of the second, rear Endab section 151 of the guide recess 41st With a further linear displacement of the carriage 11 in the transport direction 9 and the turntable 39 , the rotation 145 is continued clockwise until a rotation angle of 90 ° is completed. This is detected by a (not shown) sensor system and control means melded, which then control the corresponding pneumatic cylinder 45 so that the corresponding piston rod 43 a is withdrawn. The in Transportrich device 9 front centering fork 47 b now takes over the management of the turntable 39 and holds it so that the punch 21 with the combination of Schneidkontu ren 137 in a centered storage position for the dough pieces 147 with their Ba side B comes to the front.

If the pieces of dough 147 are placed freely on the conveying conveyor table 131 , the corresponding pneumatic cylinder 45 for the piston rod 43 b arranged to the left of the center line I in the direction of transport 9 is actuated by control means according to FIG. 12, so that these are for threading or engaging in the associated guide recess 41 b, second rear end portion 151 , is extended. With further, reverse linear displacement of the carriage 11 in the dough transport opposite direction 10 , the previous rotation 145 is continued clockwise due to the engagement with the left piston rods 43 b. Superimposed with the simultaneous linear return movement 10 , the turntable 39 thus reaches the position X1 in which the left piston rod 43 b comes out of engagement with the left guide recess 41 b and / or is moved back into the corresponding pneumatic cylinder 45 . From then on, the return movement 10 takes place in a purely linear manner, with the rear centering pin 51 in the dough transport direction 9 for symmetrical centering with respect to the center line I in the dough transport direction rear centering fork 47 a. Thus, the punching tool has carried out a total rotational movement 145 of 180 ° in a clockwise direction, so that the base sides of the isosceles cutting contours 137 face the other long side of the dough sheet in comparison to the arrangement according to FIG. 11. With a further linear displacement, the centering pin 51 reaches a stop in the rear centering fork 47 a, whereby the new punching position W1 rotated by 180 ° is reached. After punching out an end-side Teigbandrand corresponding to the sawtooth in Fig. 10, which is phase-shifted with respect to the sawtooth shape of the Teigbandrandes in Fig. 9 by 180 ° then remains.

FIGS. 9 and 10 or 11 and 12 each describe half a cycle of the punching machine, and with renewed linear movement from the position W1 in dough transport 9, the rotation of the turntable 39 of the tray position is reversed entge gen-clockwise, whereby to achieve in Dough transport direction 9 left piston rod 43 b extended and for the return movement 10 then the right in the dough transport direction 9 piston rod 43 a of the respective pneumatic cylinder 45 for the turntable 39 is activated. The complete work cycle is illustrated in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 13a-d.

According to FIG. 13 a , the punching tool 21 waits in the position W (see FIGS . 9 and 11) until the dough band 141 has been moved in the dough band conveying direction 9 by half the length of the base side Bs of the isosceles triangle. The precise position of the punching tool 21 together with the slide 11 or the turntable 39 is achieved by the fixation via the rotary bearing D and centering pin 51 . This is necessary in order to punch out the dough pieces 147 with the same contour. From the punching stroke to the punching stroke, the punching tool is rotated through 180 °, which also requires an absolute symmetry of the punching tool with respect to the axis of symmetry s (see FIGS. 9 and 10). The method of the dough sheet by half the base length can be detected with a counter, which then emits a corresponding signal to the control means, whereupon the punching stroke is triggered. The punching stroke pneumatic cylinder 19 is pressurized and presses the punching tool 21 with its cutting contours 137 or cutting knives 53 through the dough band 141 . So that this is completely cut through, the punching tool base 33 is provided in the cutting position W, W1 with a flat plate as a stiffened cutting base 135 , over which a rubber mat can be placed as a soft support. This makes it possible that the cutting edge of the cutting knife 53 of the punch 21 gets slightly below the underside of the dough sheet. After cutting, the punching cylinder 19 is depressurized, and the knives are retracted by the spring elements 69 , which were tensioned during the punching process, and remain slightly above the lower die part 33 . As a result, the punching tool 21 can be guided or slide over the surface of the lower part 33 , for example a conveyor belt table, without jamming or misjudging. During the punching stroke, the conveyor belt, when such a punching tool is used, stands still in order to achieve the greatest possible punching accuracy. Then, as indicated in FIG. 13 a with the linear dough transport direction 9 and the rotation 145 in the clockwise direction, the punched-out dough pieces 147 are transported . These are held and guided between the cutting knives 53 of the punching tool 21 and are led out of the dough sheet 141 in an initially exclusively linear movement (WX). Upon completion of the clockwise rotation 145 by 90 °, the dough pieces 145 come with their base side Bs facing forward into a position for further processing by a downstream winder. This can be seen from Fig. 13b. Thereafter, at the rear dead center in position Z of the carriage 11, the bandage of the dough pieces 147 is pushed out between the cutting knives 53 by means of the hold-down plates 75 and is preferably placed in alignment with the conveyor belt table 131 which carries the dough pieces 147 to a subsequent (not shown) processing station , for example winder. The ejection movement takes place by pressurizing the punching stroke pneumatic cylinder 19 in the opposite direction, pointing away from the surface of the dough sheet. The dough pieces 147 previously located between the cutting knives 53 are thereby freed from them. Should dough pieces remnants be pulled up between the cutting knives 53 , the hold-down or scraper plates located above the dough pieces 147 scrape the dough pieces remnants from the cutting knives 53 . According to FIG. 13b, the turntable 39 is given the linear return movement 10 against the dough transport direction 9 after the ejection, the turntable 39, together with the punching tool 21, being rotated further 90 ° clockwise. For this purpose, the piston rod 43 b on the left in the dough transport direction 9 is extended for insertion into the associated guide recess 41 b and, complementary thereto, the right piston rod 43 a is removed from the associated guide recess 41 a by moving into the associated pneumatic cylinder. In FIG. 13 a, the right piston rod 43 a is extended in exactly the opposite direction and the left piston rod 43 b is inactive.

According to FIG. 13c, the punching tool 21 is now positioned in a position rotated by 180 ° with respect to the punching position according to FIG. 13a. The base side Bs of the isosceles cutting contours or dough pieces 147 faces the dough edge on the right in the dough transport direction 9 . After the dough pieces 147 have been punched out, the linear displacement in the dough transport direction 9 is initiated, the turntable 39 being given a rotation 146 in the counterclockwise direction. For this purpose, the left piston rod 43 b in the dough transport direction 9 is extended into the associated guide recess 41 b. The right piston rod 43 a is retracted in the associated pneumatic cylinder or kept inactive. The further movement sequence is as explained above, but reversed by 180 °. Here, who the dough pieces 147 as shown in Fig. 13d, below, can also be seen with the Ba side side Bs in the dough transport direction 9 or facing forward for the further winding process. The sawtooth shape of the front edge 143 b of the dough band 141 is phase-shifted by 180 ° with respect to the saw tooth front edge 143 b according to FIG. 13b.

Claims (27)

1. A method for producing individual pieces of dough ( 147 ) from a continuous dough sheet ( 141 ) by in the end portion of the dough sheet ( 141 ) an oblique or transverse to the longitudinal direction ( 9 , I) of a series of separate, each self-contained contours is cut out, which correspond to the dough pieces ( 147 ), these contours or dough pieces ( 147 ) lying next to each other in a row are removed from the end of the web ( 143 ) and turned ( 145 , 146 ) for further processing or swiveled or otherwise positioned, characterized in that: that for removing (WX) and depositing (Z) or other positioning, guiding, holding, rotating ( 145 , 146 ) and / or moving ( 9 ) the cut-out pieces of dough ( 147 ), the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) be used in whole or in part, which were used to cut out the row of dough pieces ( 147 ) at the end of the web ( 13 ), and after laying (Z) the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) for a new cut (W, W1) to the end of the web ( 143 ). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that of the Cutting means a part held stationary or stationary and is used to cut part of the respective dough piece contour, while another or the other, turned to move the dough pieces put part of the cutting means to complete the respective dough piece contour is used. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one or more punching tools ( 21 ) each with an upper part ( 55 , 57 ) are used as the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ), the one or more, the contour-generating cutting sections ( 137 ) for producing the dough piece row ( 147 ), to whose distance (WX) from the end of the web ( 143 ) is moved ( 9 ) and positioned in whole or in part linearly, the dough piece row ( 147 ) between the cutting elements ( 53 ) of the Punching tool upper part, if necessary using gripping or pick-up devices, is held and guided and / or moved. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that during rend and / or after removal (WX) from the web end ( 143 ) a rotary and / or pivoting movement ( 145 , 146 ) is superimposed or inserted. 5. The method according to claims 3 or 3 and 4, characterized in that immediately after punching (W, W1) of the dough piece contours ( 135 ) for further removal (WX) or other positioning, guiding, holding turning ( 145 , 146 ) and / or shifting the dough pieces ( 147 ) the pressure on the punch upper part ( 55 , 57 ) against the lower punch part ( 33 ) is reduced so far that the upper part ( 55 , 57 ) with its cutting edges on the surface of the lower punch part ( 33 ) can slide and / or be moved over it. 6. The method according to claims 3, 3 and 4 or 5, characterized in that a dough conveyor belt ( 129 ) is used as the punch lower part ( 33 ), which is provided with a cut-resistant surface ( 135 ). 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the dough conveyor belt ( 129 ) is stopped during the dough piece punching process (W, W1) and then moved again and / or moved clocked. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that according to the punching process (W, W1) the dough conveyor belt ( 129 ) in the dough conveying direction ( 9 ) is moved by a distance that the dimension of the contour or the dough piece ( 147 ) in Longitudinal direction (I) corresponds. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the contour or the dough piece ( 147 ) have the shape of an isosceles triangle, of which the base side (Bs) runs in or parallel to the longitudinal direction of the dough band (I), and the punching out or cutting out the dough pieces ( 147 ) from the dough sheet ( 141 ) is free of residual dough, characterized in that the travel distance corresponds to half the length of the base side (Bs). 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several, each producing a dough piece contour cutting means ( 53 , 137 ) next to each other in the dough sheet end region ( 143 ) is arranged and synchronized in association with each other or individually and / or operated and moved in a coordinated manner. 11. A process for the production of individual pieces of dough from a continuous dough sheet ( 141 ) by in the end section ( 143 ) of the dough sheet ( 141 ) an oblique or transverse to the web longitudinal direction (I) running series of se separate, each cut out in self-contained contours will, which correspond to the dough pieces ( 147 ), the contours or dough pieces ( 147 ) lying next to each other in a row from the end of the web ( 143 ) (WX) and rotated or pivoted ( 145 , 146 ) for further processing, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of the cutting means or cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) the row of dough pieces ( 147 ) as a whole is removed from the web end ( 143 ) and, if necessary, put down after turning, where the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) in their cut-out position (W, W1) to the end of the web ( 143 ) and repositioned, if necessary rotated ( 145 , 146 ). 12. The method according to claim 10 and 11, characterized in that the cutting compound ( 21 ) with the cut-out dough piece association ( 147 ) with the longitudinal direction (s) in or parallel to the dough sheet transport direction ( 9 ) is aligned. 13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the contour or the dough piece ( 147 ) have the shape of an isosceles triangle, of which the base side (Bs) runs in the longitudinal direction of the dough sheet (I), and the punching out (W, W1) or cutting the Dough pieces ( 147 ) from the dough band ( 141 ) are free of residual dough, characterized by ei ne rotation ( 145 , 146 ) of the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) such that the dough pieces ( 147 ) with their base side (Bs) each coming across to the dough transport direction ( 9 ) and facing forward in the dough transport direction ( 9 ). 14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after cutting out the dough piece (W, W1) and before putting down the dough piece (Z), the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) with the cut-out dough pieces ( 147 ) first removed linearly from the end of the web (WX) and then rotated ( 145 , 146 ), and / or after the dough piece placement (Z) and before the dough piece cutting (W, W1) the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) without the dough pieces ( 147 ) which have already been deposited are first rotated ( 145 , 146 ) and then moved linearly ( 10 ) to the end of the web ( 143 ). 15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cutting contour ( 137 ) of the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) or the dough piece shape ( 147 ) is symmetrical with respect to a central axis (s) running transverse to the longitudinal direction of the web (I), characterized in that between each dough cutting process (W, W1) the cutting means or cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) are rotated, optionally in combination with one another, by 180 degrees, preferably in alternating directions ( 145 , 146 ). 16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for depositing (Z) the pieces of dough ejection and / or from scraping means ( 75 ) are used, which are in operative connection with the cutting edges of the cutting means ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) are by this and the ejection and / or stripping means ( 75 ) are adjusted relative to each other ver. 17. Device for separating dough pieces ( 147 ) from a continuous dough sheet ( 141 ) according to the method according to one of the preceding claims, with one of the dough piece contours and of drive means ( 15 , 19 ) actuated and / or moved punching or other gene cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ), with a table opposite this as a support, under or storage ( 33 ) for the dough sheet ( 141 ) and the cut from it by means of the punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) Determine dough pieces ( 147 ) and with the control acting on the drive means ( 15 , 19 ) for the coordination of the device components to be moved or driven, characterized by guide means ( 5 , D, 61 ) which detect the punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ). , Which are coupled to the drive and / or control means and run parallel to the table top, that the punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) with the out chopped dough pieces ( 147 ) can slide on and / or along the top of the table and can be removed from the end of the dough sheet ( 143 ) (WX) and can be rotated or pivoted ( 145 , 146 ). 18. The apparatus according to claim 17 for carrying out the method according to claim 16, characterized in that the punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) with dough ejection and / or holding elements ( 75 ) is verse hen with its cutting elements ( 53 ) cooperate, and the dough ejection and / or holding elements ( 75 ) and the cutting elements ( 53 ) are arranged to be adjustable against one another by means of the drive means ( 19 ) and / or a spring element ( 69 ), to eject and / or strip the respective piece of dough ( 147 ) between the cutting elements ( 53 ). 19. The apparatus of claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the punching or cutting tool (21, 53, 137) having a cutting elements (53) carrying the holding or cutting plate (55) is formed, the cutting elements (53) associated Side is provided with one or more grooves ( 123 ) for the cutting elements ( 53 ), which correspond to the dough piece contour. 20. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means ( 15 , 19 ) have a pressure or actuating device ( 19 ) directed towards the dough sheet and one of these counter-directional and / or counteracting return device ( 69 ) with de nen in each case the cutting elements ( 53 ) of the punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) are connected, the return path (G) triggered by the resetting device ( 69 ) for the cutting elements ( 53 ) being dimensioned such that the cutting elements ( 53 ) come out of positive engagement with the table top, the punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) with the cut dough pieces ( 147 ) but remains in frictional engagement and / or sliding contact with the table top. 21. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the table ( 33 ) is formed with one or more conveyor belts ( 129 , 131 ), the conveying path of the drive and control means depending on the position and / or state of the punch - or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) is checked or regulated. 22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized by at least two conveyor belts ( 129 , 131 ) arranged one behind the other in the dough transport direction ( 9 ), of which the first ( 129 ) the punching or cutting process (W, W1), and the second ( 131 ) the dough piece placement process (Z) is net. 23. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide means ( 5 , D, 61 ) one of the dough sheet end ( 143 ) in or parallel to the transport direction ( 9 ) to the dough piece storage space (Z) ver running linear guide ( 5 ) , in which a punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) supporting and connected slide ( 11 ) is slidably mounted back and forth and have a rotary bearing (D, 103 ) arranged in or on the slide ( 11 ) where the punching or cutting tool (21, 53, 137) rotatably (145, 146) is mounted, and the drive means (15, 19) a carriage (11) moving linear drive module (15) and the punching or cutting tool (21 , 53 , 137 ) rotating rotary drive module, which are connected to their coordination and / or synchronization with the control means. 24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the rotary drive module is realized with a turntable ( 39 ) which is rotationally coupled or connected to the punching or cutting tool ( 21 , 53 , 137 ) and stop and / or driver elements ( 43 a, 43 b), to which stationary counter-stop or driver elements ( 41 a, 41 b) for non-positive or positive engagement or for other coupling are assigned. 25. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the rotary drive module is realized with a rotary motor which is coordinated via the control means with the linear drive module ( 15 ) and / or synchronized syn. 26. Punching tool for the device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a first, cutting elements ( 53 ) with the dough piece contour holding or cutting plate ( 55 ) and a second, dough ejection and / or holding elements ( 75 ) having holding - Or base plate ( 57 ), which two holding plates ( 55 , 57 ) are connected to one another in the punch stroke direction ( 59 ) so that they can be adjusted (backwards), the dough ejection and / or holding elements ( 75 ) directly next to the cutting elements ( 53 ). and / or are slidably arranged thereon with an adjustment stroke which extends on both sides of the cutting edge of the cutting element ( 53 ). 27. Punching tool according to claim 26, characterized by one or more re, the connection of the two plates ( 55 , 57 ) serving columns ( 61 ) and / or rods ( 77 ), which at one end partially on the one and partially on the other of the two plates ( 55 , 57 ) are attached and the other plate ( 55 , 57 ) in the longitudinal and punching stroke direction ( 59 ) ver adjustable and at their other end the dough ejection and / or holding elements ( 75 ) or Have spring elements ( 69 ), the spring elements ( 69 ) being supported against the closest plate side.