DE19707178A1 - Insecticidal or acaricidal plant protectant composition - Google Patents

Insecticidal or acaricidal plant protectant composition

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Publication number
DE19707178A1
DE19707178A1 DE19707178A DE19707178A DE19707178A1 DE 19707178 A1 DE19707178 A1 DE 19707178A1 DE 19707178 A DE19707178 A DE 19707178A DE 19707178 A DE19707178 A DE 19707178A DE 19707178 A1 DE19707178 A1 DE 19707178A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
pachyrhizus
insecticidal
xicama
acaricidal
crop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19707178A
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German (de)
Inventor
Georg-Gerhart Dipl B Hauptmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HAUPTMANN GEORG GERHART DIPL B
Original Assignee
HAUPTMANN GEORG GERHART DIPL B
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Filing date
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Application filed by HAUPTMANN GEORG GERHART DIPL B filed Critical HAUPTMANN GEORG GERHART DIPL B
Priority to DE19707178A priority Critical patent/DE19707178A1/en
Publication of DE19707178A1 publication Critical patent/DE19707178A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom

Abstract

An insecticidal or acaricidal composition (I) contains: (A) a mixture of spores of at least two types of fungi of the genera Beauveria, Metarhizum, Paecilomyces and Verticillium (Deuteromycotina; Hyphomycetes); and /or (B) the contents of the seeds of various species of plants of the genus Pachyrhizus A. Rich. ex. DC (e.g. flavonoids, rotenone, tephrosin and pachyrhizin), especially the Xicama bush Pachyrhizus erosus L. Urban (Papilionoideae; Phaseoleae).

Description

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein komplexes, BIOLOGISCHES PFLANZEN­ SCHUTZMITTEL zur Kontrolle von Schädlings-Populationen vorrangig des tropischen Reisan­ baus, bestehend aus Pilz-Konidiosporen-Mischungen der Gattungen Beauveria, Metarhizium, Paecilomyces oder Verticillium (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes), kombiniert mit Ölen oder Saat-Extrakten verschiedener Spezies der Gattung Pachyrhizus A. RICH. ex DC. (Papilionoideae: Phaseoleae), insbesondere des Xicama-Strauches, Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) URBAN.The subject of the present invention is a complex, BIOLOGICAL PLANTING PROTECTIVE to control pest populations, primarily tropical rice building, consisting of mixtures of mushrooms and conidiospores of the genera Beauveria, metarhician, Paecilomyces or Verticillium (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes), combined with oils or Seed extracts of various species of the genus Pachyrhizus A. RICH. ex DC. (Papilionoideae: Phaseoleae), especially of the Xicama shrub, Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) URBAN.

Synthetische, petrochemische Pflanzenschutzmittel gegen Schädlinge diverser Kulturen haben zwar in den vergangenen Dekaden einen unersetzlichen Beitrag zur Sicherung der Ernten geleistet, zugleich jedoch auch zu einer Vielzahl von Umweltbelastungen geführt. Ein drastischer Rückgang der Artenvielfalt, Belastungen der Böden und Trinkwasserreserven sind wichtige, kritische Argumente einer öffentlichen Diskussion. Von den negativen Umweltwirkungen einmal abgesehen wurden darüber hinaus häufig natürliche Feinde der Schädlingspopulationen schwer geschädigt, die eine wichtige Regulationsfunktion im biozönotischen Kontext des Agrar­ ökosystem wahrnehmen. Die Folge war, daß chemische Pflanzenschutz-Maßnahmen Ursache für das Massenauftreten von Schädlingen wurden (u. a. FABELLAR, et al. 1984; Environmental Entomology 13 (3): 832-837. THANG, et al. 1987; Philippine Entomologist 7 (1): 51-66). Es ist mit Hilfe dieses wie auch anderer moderner Pflanzenschutzmittel möglich, intelligente, biologische oder biotechnologische Produkte im besonderen im Feldfruchtbau entsprechend der doppelten Anforderung unserer Zeit einzusetzen, der Kontrolle der Schädlingspopulationen zur Ernte- und Existenzsicherung der Landwirte und der umfassenden Einschränkung unerwünschter, umweltbelastender Nebeneffekte.Have synthetic, petrochemical crop protection products against pests from various cultures in the past decades an irreplaceable contribution to securing crops accomplished, but at the same time also led to a large number of environmental impacts. A drastic one Declining biodiversity, pollution of the soil and drinking water reserves are important critical arguments of a public discussion. From the negative environmental effects apart from that, natural enemies of the pest populations often became difficult damaged an important regulatory function in the biocenotic context of agriculture perceive ecosystem. The result was that chemical plant protection measures were the cause of the mass emergence of pests has been (including FABELLAR, et al. 1984; Environmental Entomology 13 (3): 832-837. THANG, et al. 1987; Philippine Entomologist 7 (1): 51-66). It is possible with this and other modern crop protection products, intelligent, biological or biotechnological products in particular in crop production according to the double requirement of our time to control pest populations Harvest and livelihood security for farmers and the comprehensive restriction of unwanted, environmentally harmful side effects.

Die Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Bekämpfung von getreideschädigenden Insekten zu ermöglichen, insbesondere von Schädlingen des Reisanbaus, die den Gattungen Nilaparvata, Sogatella (Homoptera: Delphacidae) und Nephotettix (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) angehören. Das besondere Interesse gilt daneben der Möglichkeit, auf diesem Wege die natürlichen Feinde zu schonen. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wurde ein aus zwei Komponenten bestehendes biologisches Pflanzenschutzmittel entwickelt, das aus einer epizootischen Mykoinsektizid- und einer botanischen Wirkstoff-Komponente besteht. Insbesondere wird KOMPONENTE A die Verwendung von Konidiosporen-Mischungen der Pilz- Gattungen Beauveria, Metarhizium, Paecilomyces oder Verticillium (Deuteromycotina: Hy­ phomycetes) vorgeschlagen, die zumindest aus zwei Formspecies in gleichen Anteilen zusam­ mengesetzt sein sollen und in der Lage sind, einen klar definierten epizootischen Effekt in den Zielpopulationen zu induzieren. Es ist bekannt, daß man mit Hilfe einer Applikation von Konidio­ sporen der Formspecies Beauveria bassiana (BALS.) VUILL. zugleich Reiszikaden der oben be­ nannten drei Gattungen bekämpfen kann (AGUDA, et al.; Intern. Rice Research Newsletter 9 (6); 1984). Die Virulenzwirkung des verwendeten Pathogens und der daraus resultierende epizoo­ tische Effekt sind jedoch zumeist stark auf einen Zielorganismus eingeengt. Konidiosporen- Mischungen sind in der Lage, diesen Nachteil zu kompensieren. Darüber hinaus sind sie in höherem Maße geeignet, einer früh erscheinenden Resistenzbildung in den Schädlingspopulationen vorzubeugen. Entsprechend den vorliegenden Untersuchungen kommt es allgemein zu additiven und synergistischen Effekten der Kombinanden, nicht zu antagonistischen. Die kombinierten Pilzsporenmischungen können als solche oder aber in der Form von formulierten Mitteln als Mykoinsektizid-Komponente in vielfacher Form eingesetzt werden. Der breiter wirksame und verstärkte epizootische Effekt wurde zumindest über einen Zeitraum von mehreren Wochen unter Feldbedingungen beobachtet. The object of the invention is to enable control of cereal-damaging insects, in particular pests of rice cultivation, which belong to the genera Nilaparvata, Sogatella (Homoptera: Delphacidae) and Nephotettix (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Of particular interest is the possibility of protecting natural enemies in this way. To solve this problem, a two-component biological crop protection agent was developed, which consists of an epizootic mycoinsecticide and a botanical active ingredient. In particular, COMPONENT A proposes the use of conidiospore mixtures of the mushroom genera Beauveria, Metarhizin, Paecilomyces or Verticillium (Deuteromycotina: Hy phomycetes), which should be composed of at least two species in equal proportions and are able to clearly define one to induce epizootic effect in the target populations. It is known that with the help of an application of Konidio spores of the species Beauveria bassiana (BALS.) VUILL. can simultaneously control rice leafhoppers of the above three genera (AGUDA, et al .; Intern. Rice Research Newsletter 9 ( 6 ); 1984). However, the virulence effect of the pathogen used and the resulting epizooic effect are mostly severely restricted to a target organism. Conidiospore mixtures are able to compensate for this disadvantage. In addition, they are more suitable for preventing early development of resistance in the pest populations. According to the available studies, additive and synergistic effects of the combinants generally occur, not antagonistic ones. The combined fungal spore mixtures can be used as such or in the form of formulated agents as a mycoinsecticide component in many forms. The broader effective and enhanced epizootic effect was observed at least over a period of several weeks under field conditions.

KOMPONENTE B Darüber hinaus wird die Verwendung des Preßöls oder spezieller Ex­ trakte von Saaten verschiedener Species der Gattung Pachyrhizus (Phaseoleae), insbesondere des Xicama-Strauches, Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) URBAN gemäß Hauptanspruch zur Bekämpfung von Reiszikaden insbesondere der Gattungen Nilaparvata, Nephotettix und Sogatella vorgeschlagen. Die Wirkstoffe der Xicama-Extrakte (insbesondere Flavonoide, Saponine, Rotenon, Tephrosin, Pachyrhizid und Pachyrhizin) zeigen dabei eine vielfache Wirkung auf die oben benannten Reiszikaden: Bei der Applikation kommt es zu einer signifikanten Mortalität sowohl der Nymphen als auch der Adulten; einem ausgeprägten repellenten (vertreibenden) Effekt, der die Schädlinge zu Fluchtbewegungen veranlaßt; darüber hinaus wurde eine ovizide Wirkung beobachtet, die Species aller drei Gattungen betraf.COMPONENT B In addition, the use of press oil or special Ex tracts of seeds of different species of the genus Pachyrhizus (Phaseoleae), in particular of the Xicama shrub, Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) URBAN according to the main claim to control of rice leafhoppers in particular of the genera Nilaparvata, Nephotettix and Sogatella suggested. The active ingredients of the Xicama extracts (especially flavonoids, saponins, Rotenone, tephrosine, pachyrhizide and pachyrhizine) have a multiple effect on the Rice leafhoppers mentioned above: Significant mortality occurs during application both the nymphs and the adults; a distinctive repellant Effect that causes the pests to flee; in addition became an ovicidal Effect observed that affected species of all three genera.

Die erfindungsgemäßen zwei Wirkstoff-Komponenten des biologischen Pflanzenschutzmittels (Konidiosporen-Mischungen und Xicama-Extrakte) erwiesen sich als miteinander kompatibel, d. h., die Xicama-Extrakte beeinträchtigten die Virulenz und damit das epizootische Potential der Konidiosporen-Mischung in den gängigen Anwendungskonzentrationen nicht. Der repellente (vertreibende) Effekt der Extrakte ist zusätzlich geeignet, die Ausbreitung der Epizootien unter Feldbedingungen über den Applikationsbereich hinaus zu begünstigen, und somit die Neuzuwanderung von Schädlingen aus dem Umfeld zu erschweren.The two active ingredient components of the biological crop protection agent according to the invention (Konidiosporen mixtures and Xicama extracts) proved to be compatible with each other, d. that is, the Xicama extracts impaired the virulence and thus the epizootic potential of the Konidiosporen mixture not in the usual application concentrations. The repellant (Expelling) effect of the extracts is also suitable to spread the epizootia under To favor field conditions beyond the application area, and thus the To make it more difficult for new pests to migrate from the surrounding area.

Beispiel 1example 1 Adulte Reiszikaden der Weißrückigen Reiszikade, Sogatella furcifera HORVATH (Homoptera: Delphacidae)Adult cicadas of the white-backed cicada, Sogatella furcifera HORVATH (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

Adulte Weißrückige Reiszikaden (Sogatella furcifera HORVATH) wurden mit solitären und ge­ mischten, formulierten Pilzsporenlösungen von Metarhizium anisopliae (METSCH.) SOROK. und/oder Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (WIZE.) BROWN & SMITH eingesprüht (Wirkstoff- Komponente A) und formuliertem Xicama-Öl (Wirkstoff-Komponente B) sowie deren Kombination. Der Effekt der Einzelkomponenten sowie deren Kombination wurde über einen Zeitraum von 7 Tagen in einer Inkubationskammer bei 25°C und ca. 95% rel. Luftfeuchte gemessen. Tote Reiszikaden wurden täglich quantifiziert und aus den Käfigen entfernt. Es wurden jeweils 4 Wiederholungen bei insgesamt 24 Versuchskäfigen und einem Stichprobenumfang von 1237 Versuchstieren angesetzt; das Ergebnis wird in Zeichnung 1 zusammengefaßt.Adult white-backed leafhoppers (Sogatella furcifera HORVATH) were grown with solitary and ge mixed, formulated fungal spore solutions from Metarhizin anisopliae (METSCH.) SOROK. and / or Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (WIZE.) BROWN & SMITH sprayed in (active ingredient Component A) and formulated Xicama oil (active ingredient component B) and their Combination. The effect of the individual components and their combination was over a Period of 7 days in an incubation chamber at 25 ° C and approx. 95% rel. Humidity measured. Dead leafhoppers were quantified daily and removed from the cages. There were 4 repetitions each with a total of 24 test cages and a sample size of 1237 experimental animals; the result is summarized in drawing 1.

Claims (5)

1. Insektizide oder akarizide Mittel, die eine Pilzsporenmischung zumindest zweier Form­ spezies der Gattungen Beauveria, Metarhizium, Paecilomyces oder Verticillium (Deute­ romycotina: Hyphomycetes) enthalten.1. Insecticides or acaricides, which are a fungal spore mixture of at least two forms species of the genera Beauveria, Metarhischem, Paecilomyces or Verticillium (Deut romycotina: Hyphomycetes) included. 2. Insektizide oder akarizide Mittel, gekennzeichnet durch einen wirksamen Gehalt von Inhaltsstoffen der Saaten verschiedener Species der Gattung Pachyrhizus A. RICH. ex DC., (Flavonoide, Rotenon, Tephrosin, Pachyrhizin u. a.), insbesondere des Xicama- Strauches, Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) URBAN (Papilionoideae: Phaseoleae).2. Insecticides or acaricides, characterized by an effective content of Ingredients of the seeds of different species of the genus Pachyrhizus A. RICH. ex DC., (Flavonoids, Rotenon, Tephrosin, Pachyrhizin etc.), especially of the Xicama Strauches, Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) URBAN (Papilionoideae: Phaseoleae). 3. Mittel nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 1-99 Gew.-% eines Mittels gemäß Anspruch 1 und 2 neben üblichen Formulierungsmitteln enthalten.3. Composition according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that they 1-99 wt .-% of a Contained according to claims 1 and 2 in addition to conventional formulation agents. 4. Mittel gemäß Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man beide kombiniert für ein komplexes biologisches Pflanzenschutzmittel einsetzt.4. Composition according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that both combined for uses a complex biological crop protection product. 5. Mittel gemäß Anspruch 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu schützende Nutzpflanzenkultur Reis, Oryza sativa L., in all ihren Varietäten und Anbauformen ist.5. Means according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the to be protected Crop crop rice, Oryza sativa L., is in all its varieties and cultivation forms.
DE19707178A 1997-02-22 1997-02-22 Insecticidal or acaricidal plant protectant composition Ceased DE19707178A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104397037A (en) * 2014-10-30 2015-03-11 咸宁市幕山茶业有限公司 Biological composition for controlling tea empoasca vitis
WO2015069708A1 (en) 2013-11-08 2015-05-14 Novozymes Bioag A/S Compositions and methods for treating pests
CN106912501A (en) * 2017-05-02 2017-07-04 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 The compounded pesticides of Lecanicillium lecanii and rotenone

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD290999A5 (en) * 1989-12-27 1991-06-20 Kemira Oy,Fi METHOD OF CONTROLLING LARVES OF THE LARGE CARB LOFT AND THE CARROT FLY IN NEAR MEDIUM
WO1992003055A1 (en) * 1990-08-23 1992-03-05 Ecoscience Corporation A method and device for the biological control of insects
WO1992021242A1 (en) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-10 Jean Gueyne Insecticide composition
DE4238311A1 (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-05-19 Hoechst Ag Synergistic means to control insects and acarids
DE3344161C2 (en) * 1982-05-14 1994-12-08 Saphyr Sarl Extraction of insecticides from plants
DE19526465A1 (en) * 1994-08-16 1996-02-22 Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh Insecticidal agent contg. buprofecin and entomopathogenic fungus
DE4445732A1 (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-06-27 Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh New synergistic means to control insects and acarina
DE19534196A1 (en) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-20 Prophyta Biolog Pflanzenschutz Liq. compsns. contg. dried biologically active fungi

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3344161C2 (en) * 1982-05-14 1994-12-08 Saphyr Sarl Extraction of insecticides from plants
DD290999A5 (en) * 1989-12-27 1991-06-20 Kemira Oy,Fi METHOD OF CONTROLLING LARVES OF THE LARGE CARB LOFT AND THE CARROT FLY IN NEAR MEDIUM
WO1992003055A1 (en) * 1990-08-23 1992-03-05 Ecoscience Corporation A method and device for the biological control of insects
WO1992021242A1 (en) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-10 Jean Gueyne Insecticide composition
DE4238311A1 (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-05-19 Hoechst Ag Synergistic means to control insects and acarids
DE19526465A1 (en) * 1994-08-16 1996-02-22 Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh Insecticidal agent contg. buprofecin and entomopathogenic fungus
DE4445732A1 (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-06-27 Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh New synergistic means to control insects and acarina
DE19534196A1 (en) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-20 Prophyta Biolog Pflanzenschutz Liq. compsns. contg. dried biologically active fungi

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FRANZ,Jost,Martin,KRIEG,Aloysius: Biologische Schädlingsbekämpfung, Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg, 3. Aufl., 1982, S.120-125 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015069708A1 (en) 2013-11-08 2015-05-14 Novozymes Bioag A/S Compositions and methods for treating pests
US10383339B2 (en) 2013-11-08 2019-08-20 Novozymes Bioag A/S Compositions and methods for treating pests
CN104397037A (en) * 2014-10-30 2015-03-11 咸宁市幕山茶业有限公司 Biological composition for controlling tea empoasca vitis
CN104397037B (en) * 2014-10-30 2017-09-12 咸宁市幕山茶业有限公司 A kind of biological composition for being used to prevent and treat tea false eye leafhopper
CN106912501A (en) * 2017-05-02 2017-07-04 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 The compounded pesticides of Lecanicillium lecanii and rotenone

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