DE19628964A1 - Pressing device for the production of ornamental clay pots and roller head - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a pressing device for manufacturing of ornamented clay pots, especially terra cotta pots made of clay with a bowl-like orna mentform, which is rotatably mounted in a press frame and is provided with a drive, and at least with one partially rotatable roller head, the roller head and the Or form of names are mutually deliverable in such a way that by ge common turning and rolling processes each a clay pot shape, and a roller head for such a pressing device.

Such a pressing device for the production of with Orna terracotta pots are known. The Prepress direction has a bowl-like ornament shape, which over its circumference consists of several shells that can be opened like a bowl selected segments. The ornament shape is with a drive motor around its vertical central longitudinal axis rotatable, the ornament shape in a press frame with A corresponding bearing is rotatably mounted. The The shape of the ornament is such within the press frame directs that its central longitudinal axis is vertical and the Ornamental shape is open at the top. In the ornament form Clay mass introduced in the form of a cylindrical clay batch,  that by means of a rotatable and by means of a drive motor driven roller head all the way to the walls of the orna mentform as well as pressed against the bottom of the ornamental shape. The roller head including its drive motor is on Press frame suspended and is the Orna mentform so deliverable that the roller head at the same time rolling out the clay bit into the ornament shape leads. The roller head is inclined so that it when rolling on the clay within the ornament shape Forms inner wall and the bottom of the clay pot. At the be Known pressing device are both the drive motor of the Rolling head as well as the drive motor for the ornament shape in their rotational speeds through a central electronic Control unit coordinated. By the usual at least partially tapered clay pots and the ent speaking designed ornament shape as well as the oblique insertion the rolling head into the interior of the ornamental shape for the roller head along its axial length Outer jacket due to the respective system on the after difference from the inner wall of the clay pot, widening outside Liche peripheral speeds, especially in the ground area of the clay pots to problems with the perfect shape design of the floor and the inner wall of each Terracotta pot can lead.

The object of the invention is a pressing device and a Rolling head of the type mentioned to create, which also at Clay pots with a diameter that changes greatly over their height allow perfect shaping.

This object is achieved in that one with the clay mass mantle of the rolling head in contact - on the Axis of rotation of the roller head related - axially in several the subsequent, independently rotatable and at un Different rotating speed adjustable shell segment rings is divided. By dividing the whole, with the clay mass of the roller head coming into contact,  the only for the interior design of each clay pot is responsible in several independently rotatable re shell segment rings, it is possible due to un Different diameter of the clay pots over their height different peripheral speeds of the top fes and the ornamental shape. Because the Man Connect the telsegment rings axially to one another despite the subdivision regarding its outer contour continuous jacket of the roller head, so that a smooth For of the inner wall and the bottom of each clay pot is accomplished.

In an embodiment of the invention, at least part of the Sheath segment rings freely rotatable on the roller head. Due to the freely rotatable mounting of at least one shroud mentringes adapt the shell segment rings automatically the different peripheral speeds through the pressing of the shell of the roller head on the inner wall dung and at the bottom of the clay mass forming the clay pot. There by it is possible to drive to the roller head dispense. By dividing the jacket into several Defect segment rings can also have very different diameters knife of the inner wall of each clay pot - on its axial Based on height - perfectly shaped.

In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one of the shell segment rings by means of a drive device drivable. Instead of a freely rotatable bearing, in which the Sheath segment rings through contact with the clay to be taken along and rotated at this configuration an adaptation of the shell segment rings the appropriate circumferential speed by the type drive device made. If several sheath segments Mentringe are driven, so it is possible to coat each to assign a separate drive to segment ring or with means of a common drive and difference accordingly Translation ratios of additional transfers  means the respective adaptation to the different To achieve peripheral speeds.

In a further embodiment of the invention, one is the free one Front end of the roll head forming the jacket tip can be freely rotated stored. The tip of the coat is for shaping the bottom of each provided clay pot and connects directly to the free front end towards the last jacket segment ring. Through the freely rotatable mounting of the jacket tip results - how even with the shell segment rings - an automatic one Adaptation to the prevailing circumferential speed at the bottom of the clay pot inside the ornament shape.

In a further embodiment of the invention, this is the free one Front end of the roll head forming a jacket tip with a Provide rotary drive. This makes an adjustment by means of egg ner appropriate control of the rotary drive achieved.

In a further embodiment of the invention is a central one Control unit provided the drive for an ornament form and the drive device for the at least one Jacket segment ring and / or the rotary drive for the jacket top one another in terms of their rotational speeds who votes that unrolling of the shell of the rolling ring the clay mass occurs. The central control unit is with electronic components and corresponding data processing means provided for an exact coordination for the To achieve the shape of each clay pot.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the rolling head pivoted and has control means that a Adaptation to different angles of inclination of the inner wall effect against the clay pots. This makes it possible to get one Rolling head for different shapes of clay pots and therefore also can be used for differently designed ornament shapes.

Further advantages and features of the invention result from the subclaims and from the description below of preferred embodiments of the invention hand of the drawings are shown.

Fig. 1 shows schematically in a sectional view an execution form of a pressing device according to the invention,

Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of a rolling head of Preßvorrich processing according to FIG. 1,

Are freely rotatably mounted Fig. 3 in an enlarged section similar to another he inventive roller head Fig. 2 whose Man telsegmentringe by means of bearings,

Fig. 4 shows another roller head with a pear-shaped outer contour, and

Fig. 5 shows another roller head according to the invention with a strongly conical outer contour and a flat, flat tip.

A pressing device according to FIG. 1 is used to form terra cotta pots ( 7 ) from a cylindrical piece of clay in the manner described in more detail below, the terracotta pots being provided with ornaments on their outer circumference. The pressing device has a press frame ( 1 ) in which a bowl or pot-like ornament shape ( 2 ) by means of a bearing block ( 3 ) is rotatably mounted about a vertical central longitudinal axis ( 5 ). The ornament shape ( 2 ) is driven by means of transmission means ( 4 ) in the form of a gear transmission by egg nen electric drive motor ( 6 ) for rotation in the direction of the arrow (D₁), the drive motor ( 6 ) being fastened to a base, not specified . The ornament form ( 2 ) is assembled in a manner not shown over its circumference from several stable shell segments that can be opened outwards and thus allow a finished shaped terracotta pot ( 7 ) to be removed. The ornamental shape ( 2 ) serves to design the outer contour of the respective ter racotta pot ( 7 ) and has on its inner wall for the corresponding ornaments of the terracotta pot ( 7 ) in each case negatively shaped recesses.

Also suspended from the press frame (1) is a roller head (10) from above in greater detail below the manner described in the ornament form (2) insertable and rolls out the introduced Tonbatzen in the Orna element mold (2) and to the In nenwandung and the bottom the ornamental shape ( 2 ) presses. The roller head ( 11 ) described in more detail below is rotatably mounted on a drive motor ( 12 ) about an axis of rotation ( 11 ) and can be driven by means of this drive motor ( 12 ) in the direction of the arrow (D₂), the direction of rotation of the roller head ( 11 ) being the direction of rotation of the ornament shape ( 2 ) corresponds. The roller head ( 11 ) including the drive motor ( 12 ) is held on a storage bracket ( 13 ), which can be moved along a linear guide ( 14 ) in the direction of the arrow (H) relative to the press frame ( 1 ). By lowering the roller head ( 11 ) and thus also the bearing bracket ( 13 ), the required contact pressure is also applied to the clay chunks and to the clay mass pressed into the ornamental shape ( 7 ) in the ornamental shape ( 2 ).

The rolling head ( 10 ) itself has, according to FIG. 2, an outer jacket which widens conically towards its free end, the outer jacket being formed by a plurality of axially adjacent ring segments ( 15 a to 15 e), based on the axis of rotation ( 11 ) is. The shell segment rings ( 15 a to 15 e) are rotatably supported independently of one another on a core body ( 18 ) of the roller head ( 10 ), with sliding bearings being provided for the rotatable mounting of the shell segment rings ( 15 a to 15 e) in the exemplary embodiment shown. Lubricants or lubricants can be supplied through corresponding channels or the like between the outer casing of the core body ( 18 ) and the inner walls of the casing segment rings ( 15 a to 15 e). It is also possible to make the mantle segment ring rings ( 15 a to 15 e), which in the illustrated embodiment are made of steel, from a material that is at least on the inner circumference of each mantle segment ring rings ( 15 a to 15 e) with lubricant components and thus is provided with sliding properties. To a free, inde pendent rotatability of the shroud segment rings (15 a to 15 e) zuein to allow the other, each shell segment ring mounted (15 a to 15 e) independently of the adjacent shroud segment ring (15 a to 15 e) on the core body (18) and supported.

The free lower front end of the roller head ( 10 ) is formed by egg ne jacket tip ( 16 ), which is shaped according to a late ren bottom ( 9 ) of the clay pot ( 7 ). When exporting approximately example of FIGS. 1 and 2, these jacket tip (16) rotatably connected to a drive shaft (17) which passes through the core body (18) coaxial with the axis of rotation (11) and bil ei NEN extension of the drive shaft of the drive motor (12) det. As a result, the jacket tip ( 16 ) with the speed of the drive motor ( 12 ) is driven. In one embodiment, not shown, the roller head is not assigned to a drive motor and in addition to the freely rotatable mounting of the casing segment rings, the casing tip is also freely rotatable. In this embodiment, the roller head ( 10 ) is only inserted into the ornamental shape and pressed to the inner wall of the ornamental shape ( 2 ) while simultaneously rolling out the clay mass to the outside, the entrainment of the freely rotatable parts of the roller head, namely the jacket segment ring and the jacket tip, by rotating the ornament shape ( 2 ) and by rolling on the clay mass and on the inner wall of the clay pot ( 7 ). In a further embodiment, not shown, the jacket tip ( 16 ) is divided into a plurality of essentially radially adjacent rings or segments. In a wide ren not shown embodiment, the jacket tip is held stationary and only the Mantelseg ring rings are freely rotatable. According to another exemplary embodiment according to the invention, the jacket tip is a lumpy extension of the core body, which is therefore also not penetrated by a drive shaft. This core body is driven directly from a drive in this embodiment. The jacket segment rings are rotatably gela gelert with the help of freewheel clutches on the outer jacket of the core body, so that they can overtake the core body in a simple manner at an increased compared to the drive speed of the core body speed due to different order speeds over the axial height of the ornament shape.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a roller head ( 10 a) is provided, on the core body ( 18 a) of the shell segment rings ( 19 and 20 ) with the help of Wälzlagerun gene (W) are freely rotatable about the axis of rotation ( 11 ). The exemplary embodiments according to FIGS . 4 and 5 illustrate un different designs of the outer contours of the various shell segment rings, the roller head ( 10 b) being suitable for appropriately curved clay or terracotta pots. In the rolling head ( 10 b), the jacket segment rings ( 21 to 24 ) are divided axially to the axis of rotation ( 11 ) in such a way that the subsequent jacket segment ring ( 21 to 24 ) starts axially as soon as an extreme change in the diameter of the roller head ( 10 b) due to different curvatures. The rolling head ( 10 c) according to FIG. 5 has a shape that widens conically towards the free end, with its outer jacket being composed of three axially adjoining jacket segment rings ( 25 to 27 ). The jacket tip of the roller head ( 10 c) is completely flat.

In all of the exemplary embodiments, the roller head ( 10 to 10 c) is inserted into the ornamental shape ( 2 ) at an angle from above in accordance with or similar to FIG. 1. Depending on the design of the ornament shape, however, a vertically aligned insertion of the roller head and a subsequent radial movement of the roller head to the outside is fundamentally possible in order to press a corresponding clay pot.

In an embodiment, not shown, the Roll head in its inclination by means of appropriate control tel adjustable, allowing an adaptation to different Ornamental shapes can be made.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the drive motor ( 6 ) and the drive motor ( 12 ) are coupled to one another by a common central control unit (S), which enables an adapted and coordinated control of both drive motors ( 6 and 12 ). The drive motors ( 6 and 12 ) are electric motors in the illustrated embodiment. The coordination of the drive speeds of the drive motors ( 6 and 12 ) and thus the rotational speeds of the Or namentform ( 2 ) and the roller head ( 10 ) is such that over the entire axial height of the ornament shape ( 2 ) a rolling of the roller head ( 10 ) on the clay mass and thus on the inner wall of the clay pot ( 7 ). Preferably, the speed of rotation of the drive motor ( 12 ), which is also the speed of rotation of the jacket tip ( 16 ), is matched to the speed of rotation of the bottom ( 9 ) of the clay pot ( 7 ). Due to the freely rotatable mounting of the shell segment rings ( 15 a to 15 e), they each independently adapt to the speed of the ornament shape ( 2 ) given by the system on the inner wall of the clay pot ( 7 ). To produce a clay pot ( 7 ), a cylindrically cut piece of clay is first fed to the ornamental shape ( 2 ) and brought into it. Then the roller head ( 10 ) moves from its rest position at a distance above the ornament shape ( 2 ) into the ornament shape ( 2 ) until it is pressed onto the clay pads. By moving the roller head ( 10 ) further into the ornamental shape ( 2 ) and the simultaneous rotation of the ornamental shape ( 2 ), the clay chunks become the shape of the clay pot ( 7 ), forming the inner wall ( 8 ) and the bottom ( 9 ) pressed into the recesses of the ornamental shape ( 2 ) on the outside. As soon as the roller head ( 10 ) has reached its functional end position which determines the thickness of the wall ( 8 ) of the clay pot ( 7 ) and the bottom ( 9 ), no further increased pressure load is exerted on the inner wall ( 8 ) of the clay pot ( 7 ). By rotating the ornamental shape ( 2 ) and rolling the shell segment rings ( 15 a to 15 e) on the inner wall ( 8 ) and the bottom ( 9 ) of the clay pot ( 7 ), an equalization of the inner contour of the clay pot ( 7 ) is achieved. Since the clay mass has been pressed completely into the recesses of the shape of the ornament ( 2 ), all the desired ornaments are embossed on the outer wall and thus on the outer jacket of the clay pot ( 7 ). After the roller head ( 10 ) has been raised again to its rest position, the ornament shape ( 2 ) can be opened in the manner described above, and the clay pot ( 7 ) can be removed from the ornament shape ( 2 ).

Claims (8)

1. Press device for the production of ornamental clay pots, in particular terracotta pots, from Tonma sse with a bowl-like ornament shape, which is rotatably mounted in a press frame and equipped with a drive hen, and with an at least partially rotatable roller head, the Rolling head and the ornamental shape are mutually deliverable in such a way that they each have a clay pot shape through common turning and rolling processes, characterized in that a mantle of the rolling head coming into contact with the clay mass ( 10 , 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) - on the axis of rotation ( 11 ) of the rolling head ( 10 , 10 a, 10 b, 10 c) referred - axially in several adjacent segment rings ( 15 a to 15 e; 19 , 20 ; 21 to 24 ; 25 to 27 ) is subdivided. 2. Press device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least part of the shell segment rings ( 15 a to 15 e, 19 , 20 , 21 to 24 , 25 to 27 ) is freely rotatable. 3. Press device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized records that at least one of the shell segment rings by means of a drive device can be driven. 4. Press device according to at least one of the preceding the claims, characterized in that the free Front end of the roll head forming the jacket tip can be freely rotated is stored. 5. Press device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the free front end of the rolling head ( 10 ) forming the jacket tip ( 16 ) is provided with a rotary drive ( 12 ). 6. Press device according to at least one of the preceding the claims, characterized in that the rolling head is pivotally mounted and has control means that an adaptation to different angles of inclination of the interior walls of the clay pots. 7. Press device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a central control unit (S) is provided, the drive ( 6 ) for the ornament shape ( 2 ) and the drive device for the little least a shell segment ring and / or the rotary drive ( 12 ) for the jacket tip ( 16 ) with respect to their rotational speed so that each other that the jacket of the roller head ( 10 ) rolls on the clay. 8. Rolling head for a pressing device according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the jacket of the rolling head ( 10 to 10 c) - based on the axis of rotation ( 11 ) of the Walzkop fes ( 10 to 10 c) - axially in several to each other closing, independently rotatable and adaptable to different speeds of rotation jacket segment ring ge ( 15 a to 15 e; 19 , 20 ; 21 to 24 ; 25 to 27 ) is divided.