DE19503971A1 - Seed tapes contg. accurately spaced seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

Seed tapes are made by placing single seeds (19) by means of a dosing arrangement (4) into locally delimited regions (21) on a base layer (50) and covering the base layer (50) with a covering layer (3). Also claimed is equipment for carrying out the process in a continuous conveying plane (T) and forwarding (24) the covered tape to a second zone where the layers are mechanically bonded. Pref. tapes are made of biodegradable material, esp. needle punched non-woven of a 50/50 mixt. of flax/cotton or hemp/cotton or blends including viscose. A spacing layer (2) with accurate perforations (21) is placed on a base layer (50). Single seeds are deposited by a swinging dosing device (4) which draws in seeds pneumatically and puts them into the pockets with a reciprocating plunger (23). The cover layer (3) is compacted by pressure bands (24) and needle punched (5) in the spaces between the seeds to the other layers (1,2). The tape is then cut longitudinally (9) and transversely (11) as required. The draw-off rollers (6,12) have grooves to avoid crushing the seeds.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and a Device for producing a seed tape.

Seed tapes are usually used to Spreading of individual seeds both mechanically and to make it much easier manually. From DE-GM 89 11 056 is for example, a seed tape known to have two natural fibers layers, in particular jute layers, between de a reinforcing fabric to fix the seeds in place is introduced. In terms of process engineering, this seed tape by placing the reinforcing fabric on a first nature Nonwoven manufactured, with the seeds then sprinkled with the second natural fleece and covered with needling mecha nisch is connected.

A disadvantage of this manufacturing process is that Seeds are deposited randomly by spreading, so that the distance between the seeds is irregular. This allows the seeds to lie close together where caused by cripple or short stature. In addition the randomly placed seeds can be removed by Un knowledge of their exact location when needling is damaged will.

The present invention therefore has the object To provide methods for producing a seed tape, in which the seeds automatically and individually in specified distance fixed in a seed tape layer is introduced. There is also another task of the invention in the provision of a simple and still effective device for performing the method.  

This task is carried out with regard to the procedure by the Features of claim 1 and with regard to the device by the features of claim 10.

According to the invention, the seed tape is there in terms of process technology manufactured by that one with areas for localized, in particular area-limited intake of seed verse this base layer is fed to a single-grain metering device, the seeds are placed in the areas of the base layer and the base layer equipped with the seed with a deck layer is covered. Through the single-grain metering device the seed is inserted automatically and specifically. Since the Base layer has areas in which the seeds locally Siert is stored, the distance between the seeds va riied and be matched to the germination ability. A ver Reinforcing tissue is - as is necessary in the known case - thus not necessary anymore. Covering the be with the seed split base layer enables a form-fitting fixie of the seed, which also means that the seed is upside down The position of the seeds did not change significantly who can. By knowing the location of the seeds, you can do so also needling zones are set so that a loading damage to the seeds can be excluded.

Is according to claim 2 from a base layer and egg a perforated spacer layer existing base layer Single-grain metering device is fed through the functio nelle division allows only the distance layer must be processed or an already perforated Spacer layer can be used. Likewise, with this Spacer layer the thickness of the seed cluster can be varied.  

A simple processing step to manufacture the Be rich in the base layer can according to claim 3 by Aus punching can be achieved.

If the base layer covered with the top layer is ge compacted according to claim 4, so by the surface pressure achieved an adhesion of both layers, whereby a further support of the shift network is supported.

To separate the individual layers of the seed ribbon to completely prevent according to claim 5, they will be with others needled. With this solidification method, the individual layers by a large number of needles, so-called called felting needles, pierced. The felting needles are on hers Workers with notches (reverse barb) equipped with a fiber intake and thus a fiber allows transport of the fiber layer to be pierced. When vertically piercing horizontally running Fa layers are therefore fibers from their horizontal layers reoriented into its vertical position. The thereby density in the fiber layer causes in connection with the trained fiber beards / loops of fiber supply in the form of friction and positive locking. This purely me The chanic method of solidification is therefore called environmental to be called friendly.

If the base layer and the top layer according to claim 6 cut in the longitudinal direction, so in one manuf Several seed strips with an identical layer structure to be produced.

Advantageously, according to claim 7 by On wrap on rolls or cores the prerequisite for the  Transport of the seed belt to the appropriate places of use created.

If the seed belt is transported further according to the claim 8 in cycles, so the punching can be done in the breaks the localized areas, which are populated with seeds ner by means of the single grain metering device as well as against solidification of the layers by needling leads.

By using natural fiber according to claim 9, preferably in connection with mechanical strengthening the layers by needling, is a simple Seed tape made that is environmentally friendly and therefore after application in the open ground, if necessary in the ground can remain. All layers of the with the invention Processed seed strips can either be on sepa advise systems manufactured and the individual dosing apparatus be performed or as an independent process step integrated in the inventive method and the Erzeu the areas and the supply of the base layer to the Single metering device upstream. To make the The seed tape according to the invention is basically together setting or admixing of all fibers imaginable that rot are cash. This includes both the vegetable and the animal natural fibers, but also synthetic fibers from natural Chen polymers, such as viscose fiber or cellulose sic fibers. In addition to rotability, care should be taken be that the fiber has the required water absorption gene and has water retention to the germination process to favor. It should also be borne in mind that the Seed tape made of very light fabrics, especially needle punch substances is built up, with a high proportion of fine fibers  better suited to a sufficiently dense and firm To produce layers. As inexpensive fiber blends can therefore flax / cotton (50% / 50%); Hemp / cotton (50% / 50%); Flax / jute / cotton (40% / 20% / 40%); Flax / viscose, as well as cotton / viscose or other combinations tions of the fiber materials mentioned as advantageous will be.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a pre created direction for the production of a seed tape in which the base layer is guided in a transport level and a single metering device for inserting the seeds, a first zone for doubling the one that forms the seed band Layers, at least one conveyor belt for onward transport the layers of the seed tape, preferably in the first zone arranged, and has a second zone in which the layer tenverbund is mechanically connected so that the seeds placed in the base layer also in oversize header the predetermined areas for localized, esp special area-limited recording can not leave as well as the onward transport of the mechanically connected Stratified network is supported. With this fiction According to the device, the introduction of the seeds is on one another automatic, targeted and easy for the seeds damage-free and with a low error rate or Incorrect assembly carried out because the location of the areas to lo calibrated intake of the seeds during the whole Manufacturing process is known or can be monitored. Furthermore, the seed spacing can be localized over the areas controlled intake of the seeds and thus via the The length and width of the seed belt can be varied as required.  

Has the device according to the invention according to claim 11 a third zone in which the layer bundle in the longitudinal direction tion cut using at least one cutting tool several seed strips can be used in one production cycle can be produced with an identical layer structure.

Characterized in that according to claim 12 at least two transport bands are provided, preferably above and below the transport level are arranged and possibly the same act as compaction belts at an early stage Supported the further transport of the layer composite and shifting and vibrating the individual layers prevented.

If a Vernade in the second zone according to claim 13 provided device, so the layer composite of poorly adhering layers mechanically stable siert, without further binders, especially chemi need to use binding agents. The needling Direction has according to claim 14 with needles or Filzna deln equipped needle board and / or according to claim 15 min at least one stitch plate, the passages of which on the number the needles in the needle board are matched. The Throat plate is used to take the layered composite due to the retraction movement of the needle board to prevent needles after piercing.

Is according to claim 16 a needle plate top and below the transport level leading the layered network arranged, the layer composite is during the through supported on both sides. This is also a streak tenverbund can be produced by needling, which a low Has inherent stability.  

If the needle plates according to claim 17 move vertically bar trained, so it will be in the horizontal direction promoted, particularly soft layer composite through vertika les bringing the needle plate together before piercing and Sufficient sta during the puncture awarded. For the immediate transportation of the The stitch plates are again sufficient in layers lifted.

Damage to the seeds during needling to prevent, according to claim 18, the number and location of Needles in the needle board so that for localized recording of the seed areas provided that the Verna The layers can only be changed in the seed-free areas follows.

The formation of the single-grain metering apparatus in accordance with An saying 19 enables automatic and simple targeted introduction of the seed preferably into the base layer of the seed tape.

According to claim 20, the second and / or the third Zone at least one take-off roller, so the onward transfer port of the layer composite in an advantageous manner supports.

To the seed grain in the seed belts with too little Fa layer thickness to prevent crushing by the take-off roller to protect zen, has the outer surface of the take-off roller according Claim 21 grooves, which are opposite to the sa the populated areas of the spermatic cord. Through this constructive measure can a maxima by the take-off roller  le clamping of the fiber layers for the secured material deduction can be guaranteed.

According to claim 22, the prerequisite is simple tongue for the transport of the seed belt in different Lengths created for the corresponding locations.

According to claim 23, a punching device is the single grain dispenser upstream, so the operation of the Creation of areas for localized reception of the seed guts integrated into the production of the seed belt and one unprocessed base layer can the invention Device are supplied. In the case when an Ab stand layer of the punching device for producing the Seeds localizing receiving areas according to claim 24 fed and subsequently to form the base layer applied to a base course is a varia ble design of the seed tape especially with regard to different fiber layers or blends and given given fiber densities if necessary.

If the layered composite or the base layer in cycles, so a single grain metering device advice, possibly a punching device, a needling device and a separator each fixed in position the device according to the invention may be arranged, each because they are used during the breaks. The tak Tending feed, for example by the take-off rollers is triggered is due to the distance of the areas to the local area based recording of the seed or perforation spacing of the Spacer layer adjustable so that the fiber layers always then be stopped briefly when the area of  Base or spacer layer exactly below the single grain sierapparat is located.

Are variably adjustable cutting tools according to An Say 26 provided, several seed bands with under different widths in a single production run per be reduced.

Further advantageous developments of the invention are Subject of the other subclaims.

An example is used to illustrate this spiels the invention with reference to the drawing Explanation tert and described in more detail. It shows

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AB of the inventive device;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line CD of the device according to the invention; and

Fig. 4 schematically shows a material inlet with punching machine integrated into the device according to the invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the device according to the invention has a transport plane T, in which a base layer 50 consisting of a support layer 1 and a perforated spacer layer 2 is fed to a single-grain metering device 4 , which feeds individual seeds into the areas seen in the base layer 50 21 for localized reception of the seed 19 , in which the individual grain metering device 4, which is preferably arranged in a first zone 1 , is pivotably configured and preferably in the pivoting movement sucks in a seed by means of a suction nozzle 22 and through a plunger 23 into the predetermined areas 21 of the base layer inserted. The device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 has two distance-variable compression belts 24 above and below the transport plane T, which - if necessary - also the further transport of the base layer 50 and one after the single-grain metering device 4 from above via rollers 52 between the compression belts 24 Apply top layer 3 . After the seed grains 19 inserted in the region 21 are covered by the cover layer 3 , the layer composite thus formed is fed to a device 5 located in a second zone 11 of the device according to the invention. In the Vernade processing device 5 shown in Fig. 5 , the mechanical layer composite, z. B. by one-sided needling from above. The function and arrangement of the needling device is clearly highlighted in FIG. 2. The needling device 5 has a needle board 15 , which is so equipped with needles or felting needles 16 that 19 needle-free lanes remain in the material erection in the region of the Sa menkörner. Furthermore, the needling device has stitch plates 17 , 18 , the needling of the fiber layers of the seed tape between the stitch plates 17 , 18 only in the seed-free region, which prevents piercing or damage to the seeds 19 . In order to achieve a low cycle rate but high trans port speed of the seed belt, several rows of needles can be arranged one behind the other, as shown in FIG. 1, it being only necessary to ensure that the felting or consolidation needles 16 only work outside the areas where the seeds are brought up . In other words, make sure that there is a corresponding needle-free zone in the needle board, even in the direction of transport. If the compression belts 24 are not assigned the sole transport function, for example in the transport direction, after the needling device 5, a take-off roller 6, for example above the transport plane T with a corresponding lay-on roller 7 below the transport plane T, can further transport - also cycled further transport - of the layered composite take. In order to prevent the seeds 19 from being crushed, both the lay-on roller 7 and the take-off roller 6 are provided on their lateral surfaces with grooves which are located opposite the seed material-equipped regions of the seed belt. Even then - as clearly highlighted in Fig. 3 - only the take-off roller 6 have the grooves to prevent crushing of the seeds 19 . After the take-off roller pair 6 , 7 , in the embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, a cutting tool 9 in the form of an adjustable squeezing knife is arranged in a third zone III, which enables the cutting of any width seed strips on a cutting shaft 10 in the region of the needling zones. The further transport of the seed tapes cut in this way can in turn be carried out by a further pair of take-off rollers 12 , 13 , which is also arranged in the third zone III, the design of which is similar to the pair of take-off rollers 6 , 7 . If, as shown in FIG. 1, the seed strips cut to width are wound onto a sleeve or special angle washers 14 , the length of the seed strips can be divided by a separating device 11 as required. As shown in Fig. 4, the mat 4 Einzelkorndosierapparat a punching car oscillation means 20 upstream, so it is possible with this measure, to integrate the separate operation of the Perforie proceedings of the spacer layer 2 in the production method of Seed tapes. For this purpose, only the spacer layer 2 is preferably fed to the punching machine 20 via guide rollers 56 in the transport plane, punched out or punctured, depending on the size and distance from one another, and then applied to a support layer 1 fed from below via rollers 58 , which then includes the base layer 52 Be enough to form localized intake of the seeds.

The invention thus provides a method and a device device for the production of a seed tape with which one mechanical connection of mechanically pre-consolidated fiber layers, especially by needling, in combination with automatic feed of individual seeds is, with a positive fixation of the einu bringing seeds while at the same time observing one given seed spacing is guaranteed, all materi All leading and machining device components so out stalten that damage to the seeds is prevented the seed spacing across the length and width of the seed bandes can be varied as required, different types of seeds incorporated over the length and width of the seed tape, by the layer structure also different types of materials, mate Rial density realized in the seed belt and different seeds bandwidths can be produced.

Claims (27)

1. Process for the production of a seed tape with the following process steps:

• a) feeding a base layer ( 50 ) provided with areas ( 21 ) for localized, in particular area-limited, reception of seed ( 19 ) to an individual grain metering device ( 4 );
• b) inserting the seed ( 19 ) in the areas of the base layer ( 50 ); such as
• c) Covering the base layer ( 50 ) equipped with the seed ( 19 ) with a cover layer ( 3 ).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a base layer ( 50 ) consisting of a base layer ( 1 ) and a perforated stand-up layer ( 2 ) is fed to the individual dispenser ( 4 ). 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the regions ( 21 ) of the base layer ( 50 ) are punched out. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the base layer ( 50 ) covered with the cover layer ( 3 ) is compressed. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover layer ( 3 ) and the base layer ( 50 ) are needled together. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the with the cover layer ( 3 ) covered base layer ( 50 ) is cut in the longitudinal direction. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the base layer ( 50 ) covered with the cover layer ( 3 ) is rolled up and cut off depending on the length. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized ge indicates that the further transport takes place in cycles. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized ge indicates that as layers of the seed belt Naturfa especially flax, hemp, cotton and jute and / or chemical fibers, in particular made of natural poly mer like viscose fibers or other cellulosic fibers be used. 10. Device for producing a seed tape, in particular using the method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by

• a) a transport plane (T) in which a base layer ( 50 ) provided with certain areas ( 21 ) for localized, preferably area-delimited reception of the seed ( 19 );
• b) a single-grain metering device ( 4 ) which populates the base layer ( 50 ) with seed ( 19 );
• c) a first zone in which the base layer ( 40 ) is provided with a cover layer ( 3 ), whereby a layer composite is formed;
• d) at least one conveyor belt ( 24 ), which further transports the base layer ( 50 ) or the layer composite;
• e) a second zone in which the layer composite is mechanically connected;

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized by a third zone in which the laminate is cut by means of at least one cutting tool ( 9 ) cut in the longitudinal direction. 12. The apparatus of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that at least two conveyor belts ( 24 ) are easily seen, which are arranged above and below the transport plane (T) and at the same time act as a compression belt. 13. Device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that a Vernade treatment device ( 5 ) is provided in the second zone. 14. Device according to one of claims 10 or 13, characterized in that the needling device ( 5 ) at least has a needle board ( 15 ). 15. The device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the needling device ( 5 ) has at least one needle plate ( 17 ). 16. The device according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that in each case a needle plate ( 17 ) is arranged above half and below the transport plane (T). 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the needle plate ( 17 ) is vertically movable. 18. Device according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the number and position of the needles ( 16 ) in the needle board ( 15 ) is matched to the areas ( 21 ) provided for the localized reception of the seed ( 19 ) that the The layers are only needled in the seed-free areas ( 21 ). 19. Device according to one of claims 10 to 18, characterized in that the single grain metering device ( 4 ) is designed to be pivotable and preferably in the pivoting movement sucks in a seed ( 15 ) by means of a suction nozzle ( 22 ) and through a plunger ( 23 ) into the vorbe aligned areas ( 21 ) of the base layer ( 50 ). 20. Device according to one of claims 10 to 19, characterized in that the second and / or the third zone has at least one take-off roller ( 6 ; 12 ). 21. The apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the outer surface of the take-off roller ( 6; 12 ) has grooves ( 52 ) which are opposite to the seeded areas ( 21 ). 22. Device according to one of claims 10 to 21, characterized in that winding disks ( 14 ) are provided for storing the seed tapes, and a separating device ( 11 ) which divides the seed tapes into certain lengths. 23. Device according to one of claims 10 to 22, characterized in that a punching device ( 20 ) is provided in front of the single-grain metering device ( 4 ) when viewed in the transport direction. 24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that a spacer layer (2) receiving the punching means (20) for producing the localized the Samengut (19) to regions (21) is supplied, wherein the spacing layer (2) after the punching out by Application to a base layer ( 1 ) then forms the base layer ( 50 ). 25. The device according to one of claims 10 to 24, characterized in that the further transport of the stratified bond or the base layer ( 50 ) takes place in cycles. 26. Device according to one of claims 10 to 25, characterized in that the cutting tool ( 9 ) is adjustable for the longitudinal axis of the seed belt. 27. The device according to one of claims 10 to 26, characterized in that the cutting tool ( 9 ) is a pinch knife.