DE1577658A1 - Method and device for distributing fibers, preferably for electrostatic flocking - Google Patents

Description

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD 8 MUNICH 55 ² 9 Dec.

PATEN TANWALT MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34

TELEPHONE 745775

Patent application dated ?? · .. h ² · ¹ ^ ⁶ 1577658

Besnier-Flotex

4, Cite Magenta, Paris 10 ^e

My reference: 1039/1

Method and device for distributing fibers, preferably electrostatically Flocking.

The invention relates to a method and a device for Distribution of natural and artificial fibers and other non-woven products in which the fibers with the help be conveyed by brushes through a sieve, preferably for electrostatic flocking of goods.

Certain methods and devices of this type are known, for example rotatable drums which are provided with grids and in its middle part with the help of a snail or the like. is fed, These drums are only proportionate for fibers short length usable. Besides, they are difficult to maintain. Vibrating sieves and batten cloths are also known, which can only be used for fibers with a length of more than 3 mm. Furthermore, pneumatic transport devices are

909883/1008 " ² "

BANK: DEUTSCHE BANK ACJ. MÖNCHEN, PROMENADiPtATZ KTO. NO. HW · POSTSCHECK: MÖNCHEN »U71

Dipl. Inc. JULIUS QILIARD

PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34 TELEPHONE 74S775

- 2 -

whose flocking field is considerably disturbed by the blower.

iüs are further known the Λ and manifold shown in FIG. 2 containing brushes 1 which are arranged radially on arms 2 which extend from one and the same, set in rotation shaft 3 placed inside a reservoir 4 for fibers F is. These brushes 1 made of nylon hair stroke during the rotation of the shaft one after the other over a sieve 5, which can be either semicircular (Fig. Λ) or flat (Fig. 2). The sieve is arranged on slide rails 6. The shaft 3 is driven by a motor reduction change gear via a drive element 8. In the case of a distributor for electrostatic flocking, this transmission element 8 consists of an insulating material; likewise the / foundations of the container 4. An electrostatic grid 9 is fed with high voltage. The fibers F ^ which fall onto the carrier are electrically charged as they fall and are oriented in the vertical direction with respect to the carrier, which has the potential of gauze and attracts the fibers.

During the operation of such a distributor, the fibers pass through the sieve 5 at a speed that of the variable speed of rotation of the shaft 3 depends. The sieve 5 is arranged on slide rails 6 and can be exchanged

909883/1008 " ⁵ "

Dipl. .Ng. JULIUS QILIARD

FATE N ADVERTISER

8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34 TELEPHONE 745775

are used to match it's length and / or denier To be able to customize fiber.

J £ in such a distributor has numerous rushes of power. This results in a locally intensive distribution of the flakes, which leads to an uneven quality of the flocking. Furthermore, the screen is deformed by the action of the brushes, so that the optimal distance between the axis of the shaft 3 and the screen is no longer maintained, whereby the distribution over the entire length of the flocking zone becomes irregular. Furthermore, the riotation speed of the brushes is necessarily relatively high and can reach about 1 ^ 0 revolutions per minute (1 <_Ό "ο / τι), whereby the fibers can often be destroyed and form jumbled balls, which lead to irregular flocking and an uncertain quality lead, whereby a / slowing down of the working method becomes necessary.

The misery and the device according to the present üJ dunp is based on the task of eliminating these disadvantages and a voxious, uniform and rapid distribution to enable substantial savings in time; Material and craftsmanship will be achieved.

909883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STRASSE S4 FERNRUF 745775

It is an aim of the invention to achieve an even distribution " across the width, i.e. at right angles to the forward movement of the carrier, as well as maintaining the same fiber density on both sides. Another aim of the invention is to achieve a uniform distribution over time for each fiber length. Yet another object of the invention is to make necessary interventions by the operator in the course of operation To reduce the correction of an excess or deficiency of fiber to a minimum.

Another object of the invention is to provide a distributor, which enables effective separation of the fibers during operation to prevent the fibers from becoming too a plug, especially for low denier fibers.

Another object of the invention is to create a distributor which enables the fibers to be kept completely straight and without twisting, in particular in the case of fibers of great length and low denier, so as to achieve a high distribution density over the entire flocking field to reach.

Another object of the invention is to be able to rapidly change the length and / or denier of the fiber.

INQ. JULIUS QILIARD ' _β MUNICH 55 PATENT AGENT MITTENWALDE * STKASSE 14

FEKNKUF 74577 *

It is also an object of the invention to provide a distribution device which enables simple and quick maintenance.

Finally, it is another object of the invention to provide a distributor which enables the fibers to be introduced vertically into the adhesive, for example with the aid of an electrostatic device.

The invention is seen in the fact that a sieve with a certain elasticity and with a certain, essentially constant tension is supplied with evenly spaced brushes extending over the entire sieve width, a YfT relatively small amount of fibers being supplied to each brush. The dismounted Taser is preferably set of one independent of the actual manifold dispenser provided so that each of the brushes is independently powered.

A device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that it contains a metering device which is arranged at the outlet of a fiber storage container and the actual distributor. The distributor preferably comprises a conveyor chain with brushes and with a transport container for receiving measured quantities of fibers supplied by the metering device, which transport chain is driven by a motor change gear whose speed of rotation has the effect of the

909883/1008 " ⁶ ~

• ANK: DIUTSCHE SANK AQ. MÖNCHEN, PKOMfNADfPtATZ KTO. N *. HIM POJTICHfCK: MONCHIN 1IM7

Din. inc. JULIUS QILiARD

f ATE NTANWALTY

t MÖNCHEN SS

MITTENWALDER STKASSE »4

n $ rn

Doser regulates or controls. Preferably each Brush ua15 to 20 degrees against the vertical against the Inclined direction of movement of the chain.

Further features and advantages of the method and the device according to the invention emerge from the following description in connection with the drawing, which shows some embodiments of the invention · In the drawing demonstrate:

Fig. 3 “chemically shows a device according to the invention in

a cut. flg. 4 shows a section from the device according to Pig. 3 in

enlarged "measure" tab, Jig. 5-9 Ye * s »hi» d «n · Modifications d» r according to the invention From »

rioatujjg and

10 shows a schematic representation according to the invention Apparatus using the arrangement illustrated in FIG.

In the arrangement according to FIG. 3, the fibers F are introduced into a container via a feed line 26 in the direction of the arrow Z ^. At the outlet of the container 21, the fibers are measured in measured quantities by a metering device 2'7 in the direction of.

- 7 -909883/1008

Dipl. INo. JULIUS QILIARD PATENT ADVOCATE

• MUNICH 55

MITTE NWALD E STRASSE 34

TELEPHONE 745775

-v-

the distributor D promotes. This doser includes, for example a shaft 28 located in the lower part of the tank, which is open towards the manifold D. This shaft carries radial blades or arms 29, which with uniform Are arranged at intervals. In the space e between two consecutive blades there are fibers, during the rotation of the shaft 28 in the direction of arrow f2 be brought into a position from which they can freely fall onto one of the containers 25 of the distributor D.

The distributor Ώ essentially contains the following elements: A motor-reduction gearbox 17, the speed of which can optionally be controlled according to the manufacturing requirements and which drives a pulley 13 by means of a transmission element 18. This disk 13 controls the drive element 24 of an endless transport _{chain 2O 1} which consists of the chain links 21 which are connected to one another by joints 22. Each chain link returns to its starting position on the element 24 by running over a freely rotatable element 24 ′, the dimensions of which are the same as those of the clement 24.

Each chain link 21 carries a brush 11 in its middle part, which is attached with the help of brush holders 12. The brush

30 9 883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD

PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34 FERNRUF 745775

Support includes, for example, posts or struts 33, between which brushes 35 made of nylon hair 36, for example with 70- ^ 0/100 cross-section and 100 mm in length, are pinched.

The brush holders 12 are ^{rigidly attached to angle irons 3 2} S which are made in one piece with the chain links 21. The brushes are inclined at the same angle, which is preferably 15-20 degrees, against the forward movement of the chain ^ ,, f ^ ¹ .

The brushes 35 and 36 are arranged between the edges 31 of the container 25 * Basically, one container is provided for each brush. Each of the containers 25 is arranged transversely over two chain links and consists of such a material and is designed so that it can elastically adapt to the positions occupied by the chain links 21 during the forward movement in the sense of the l'feiie i \, f ^ ' . The hands 31 of the containers 25 are elastically inclined with respect to the bottoms 32. I) The optimum inclination of the brushes in the position in which they interact with the sieve is shown in FIG. 4; it is equal to an angle β of approximately 120 degrees. The inclination is designed in such a way that all the fibers are held at the level of the bristles of the brushes in order to prevent them from penetrating into the transport chain, but in particular to prevent the fibers from becoming compressed. On the other hand, the edges must not put any pressure on the

909883/1008 - 9 -

BATH ORIGINAL

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD

PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55

MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34

TELEPHONE 745775

157765b

brushes in position, i.e. when these are moved forward in the direction of arrow f ^ (Pig. 3).

The mode of operation of the arrangement is as follows:

The fibers are applied to one of the containers by the meter 27. The speed of rotation of the feeder 27 is set in Regarding the rotational speed of the motor reduction-change gearbox 17 regulated to be accurate and smooth Ensure dosage. The applied to the container 25 Fibers F are through the transport chain 20 in the direction of the arrow f ^, conveyed and get between the walls of the container 30 and the container before they are applied to the screen 15. In the case of electrostatic flocking, the container and, moreover, also the transmission element 18 consist of an insulating material .

After application to the sieve, some of the fibers located in the container 25 fall through the sieve 15. Of the Part of the fibers remaining on the sieve is guided against the brushes 35,36 by the hand of the container 25. The hand owns always a distance h from the sieve. This distance h is chosen so that the device works well results.

- 10 -

909883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD

PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MÖNCHEN 55 MITTE NWALD E R STRAS SE U FERNRUF 745775

157765b

- 10 -

The small bead B, which is formed evenly along the brush, over the entire width of the manifold, is quickly unraveled by being rolled between the tufts of the brush formed by brushing. The fibers B ¹ can therefore be brought through the sieve 15. The amount of fibers F deposited on each container 25, which is relatively small, prevents clogging from occurring before passage or after passage on the sieve. The transit time of the fibers through the distributor D is short. The quality of the fibers is therefore not reduced, in particular their straight shape, their moisture content, their possible sheathing, etc.

The transport chain is not rigid, but enables it Pivoting of each chain link 21 around joints 22. It always brings its own weight through the brushes 11 against the sieve 15 » as well as the level or the formation of the sieve is designed.

During the forward movement of a container 25 and the corresponding brush 11 along the sieve 15 and in the sense of; Arrow f ^ ¹ , the defibrillation described above is continued evenly, and another container with its brush immediately follows the first one, etc. The effective length

909883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD FATE N ADVERTISER

8 MUNICH 55 MITTE NWALD E STRASSE 34 TELEPHONE 745775

157765b

- 11 -

The sieve is chosen in such a way that an even distribution and effective / issuing in all possible manufacturing conditions is achieved.

The fibers F 'fall through the electrostatic grid 19, where they are charged before their arrival on the carrier 40, and they are in the seal of the arrow f, - depending on the distribution moves.

The experience according to the invention and the devices for carrying out the method have numerous advantages. For example, a single distribution device is sufficient to ensure distribution over a very large area. The forward movement of the brushes affects _t ie after manufacture 1 ¹ ? - 45 I.Ieters per minute. The gieicn ^^ s ^ i ^ ability of the distribution in width is excellent, regardless of the Lanpe and of the Jer.ier-Grac aer xr-.sern una of the density of the distribution.

The manifold enables distributions of non-woven fibers up to 40 grams per square meter.

Due to the large surface contact between the brushes and the A very low translation speed in is sufficient for the grating

- 12 903883/1008

BANK: WHIP FANK AC

Bi.D ORIGINAL

Dipl. Inc JULIUS QILIARD

PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55

MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34

TELEPHONE 745775

15776bö

- 12 -

of the order of 10-30 meters per minute, in order to achieve a very, to effect good distribution. As a result, »ground due to at these speeds and as a result of the inclination of the brushes by 15-20 degrees in relation to the sieve, the flakes of great length (15 - 20 mm), which tend to assemble to form a plug, completely in the case of a classic distribution kept defibrated. This distributor enables the disintegration of the plug or agglomeration even if the distributor is with not carded flakes is fed, with a defiberun ^. is achieved by the bristles of the brushes on the sieve.

This distributor has a low floc capacity of flocs which are in the main part between the brushes and not inside the trough * The mechanical forces are low. There is no possibility of constipation. The fibers stay straight and are not deformed or twisted.

The sieve 15, which is arranged on slide rails 16, enables the mesh size to be changed quickly, so that a large adaptability to a change in the fiber length is made possible. Furthermore, quick cleaning of the trough is facilitated. *

- 13 - '

909883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34 TELEPHONE 745775

15776bö

When used to manufacture a non-woven cloth, it is sufficient to neutralize the electrostatic grid in order to to obtain a flat deposit on a non-stick support, to atomize a binder solution and then to apply the To condense the whole. The advantage of such a device enables a vertical distribution to be achieved Kind of a velor and a flat intersecting deposit like a felt or the like *

However, the implementation of containers 25 which are arranged on the chain links 21 of the chain 20 in such a way that they can elastically adapt to the positions occupied by these chain links is relatively complicated and expensive. Moreover, it is often desirable that some of the fibers can freely fall through the links of the chain so as to fall onto and through the grid 15, in particular those fibers that have collected on and between the chain links during their forward movement.

For example, FIGS. 5 and 9 show such realizations.

In all figures. That part of the chain 20 is shown, which the Brushes 11 and the container 25 carries when the brushes are brought against the sieve 15, the chain in Hicbtung the Arrow f ^ · moved, ^

909883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55 'MITTENWALDER STITASSE 3 «FERNKUF 715775

1577668

- 14 -

In FIG. 5, containers 25 are arranged in such a way that each chain link 21 carries a container, the bottom 32 of which extends from the brush 11 to a distance s from the joint 22 between this chain link and the preceding one. Each bin has hands $ 1 and $ 1 '. The base $ 2 is fastened to the associated chain link by any means, either directly or at a distance e from the chain link, in order to enable the recovery of the fibers and / or an easy and efficient maintenance of the chain. The edge 31 forms an angle (. »3 / from 100 degrees to 120 degrees with the ground, namely in such a way that the hand runs essentially parallel to the axis of the brush 11. The edge ends at a height h above the sieve 15 in this way that in any position of the chain link an effective iJnt fase tion is ensured with respect to the screen. the edge 31 'forms with the xiand 32 an angle j \ "), whose large is selected such that the edge 31' at the same height h in front of the sieve ends like the edge 31 »with a passage ρ for the fibers F through the sieve 15 being left.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the device shown in FIG. In this embodiment of the container 25, the edge 31 ^{f is arranged} at a right angle with respect to the bottom 32, whereby a passage section ρ of greater reading for the fibers F is created.

- 15 909883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QIÜARD PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STKASSE 14 FERNRUF 745775

15776bö

- 15 -

In the modification shown in Fig. 7, the hand 31 is simple omitted. This solution is particularly effective and economical for certain types of fabrication.

Fig. 8 shows an embodiment in which a container 25 ' a container 25 is assigned, which is identical to that in Fig. 7 is the container shown. This container 25 * is arranged on the side that corresponds to the movement of the Chain 20 in the direction of arrow f ^ 'is opposite. He is provided with a base 32 * and an edge 31 * on the buret 80it, which is at right angles to the base 31 ' forms and which is open to the side of the joint 22 of the chain link 21 of the chain.

The two free edges of the bottom 31 and 31 'of the parts 25 and 25 'of the container are equidistant s from both sides of the joint 22 is arranged between two chain links, a passage section ρ remaining.

Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of a container which * includes two parts 25 and 25 '. B's edges 31 and 31 are provided, which form a right angle bit to the bottoms 32 and 32 * form. These edges are arranged on both sides of the joint 22 between two chain links; and they leave a passage p,

- 16 - ■ ■ -

909883/1008

Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD PATENT ADVOCATE

8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34 TELEPHONE 745775

15776bb

- 16 -

no hand is provided on the brush side.

The embodiments of the container according to FIGS. 5-9 are just examples.

Fig. 10 shows, for example, the use of a container corresponding to FIG. 5 for a device for implementation of the method according to the invention. -

Simple containers 25 made of sheet steel are on the chain links 21 arranged in such a way that a passage ρ for the fibers F is made possible.

The use of containers according to the invention enables otherwise the arrangement of the metering device on each desired position above the transport chain 20.

The method according to the invention and the devices for carrying out the method are self-evident above only described using examples. Modifications to the procedure and devices may be made without leaving the spirit of the invention.

The present patent application is based on the state of the art from as he was known, for example, from diö DAS 1 070r13'2

has been.

9 09 88 3 / TO08

- 17 -

Claims (1)

Pat ent test « 1.) Method of distributing natural and artificial lasers and other non-woven products, in which the lasers are conveyed through a sieve with the help of brushes are, preferably for electrostatic flocking a. Goods, characterized in that a sieve (15) with a certain elasticity, and with a certain, essentially constant tension with evenly spaced brushes (11) arranged over the entire width of the screen are supplied, with a relatively small ab ~ measured amount of lasers (!) is fed to each brush. 2.) Method according to claim 1 _? characterized in that the measured amount of laser is supplied by a metering device (27) which is independent of the actual distributor (D). 3.) Method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the BürsterL (11) are carried by a Grlieder transport chain (20) * Method according to claims 1 - »2» characterized in that a part on the jase ^ n (I) delivered by the boss (27) freely through the links of the _; franöportkette (20). on the pad b ^ w. the questioner trap can * 909083/10 08 ". ^1ß At). MWNiHEN. 0, NO. Ji «* posfSCWcKi MONCHfN Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILlARD PATENT ADVOCATE 8 MUNICH 55 -v MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34 '"FERNRUF 745775 - 18 - 5.)) Device for carrying out the method according to the Claims 1-4, characterized in that the device a doser (27), which at the exit, a fiber storage container (21) is arranged, and contains the actual distributor (D). ^ 6.) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the distributor (D) comprises a with brushes (11) and transport containers (25) for receiving from the dosing device (27) supplied measured amounts of fiber carrying transport chain (20), which is carried by a iviotor-V / achsel gear · (17) is driven, the speed of which has the effect of the
Dosierers (27) regulates or controls. • 7 ·) Device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that each chain link (21) carries a brush (11) in its central part r. · 8.) Device according to claim 7> characterized in that, each brush (11) by 15 - 20 degrees from the vertical ; is inclined against the direction of movement of the chain (20). 9.) Device according to claim 7 »characterized in that the containers (25) are arranged on the chain (20) that each brush (11) is assigned a container (25). 909883/1008 ~ ¹⁹ "" ■ Dipl. Inc. JULIUS QIUARD PATENT ADVOCATE 8 MUNICH 55 M1TTE-NWALDER STRASSE J.4 TELEPHONE 745775 15776b « - 19 - 10.) Device according to claim 9, characterized in that 'each container (25) is formed by a bottom (32) and by elastic straps (31) which rotate approximately 120 degrees are inclined towards the bottom (32), the length of the edges (.3 * 1) being dimensioned so that they are removed from the brushes (35) to be enforced. 11.) Device according to claim 9 *, characterized in that each container (25) extends from the brush (35) except for one Distance (s) from the joint (22) between two adjacent chain links (21). 12.) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the container (25) is provided on the brush side with a hand (31) inclined at such an angle that this edge (3Ί) is essentially parallel to the mounting axis the brush runs. 13 · *) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the container (25) on the brush side and on the opposite Each side is provided with a band (31 »31 '), the edge provided on the opposite side (31 ·) with the container bottom (32) a right or blunt Angle forms. . .-? 20 - 9098 8 3/10 08 Dipl. INQ. JULIUS QILIARD PATENT ADVOCATE 8 MUNICH 55 MITTENWALDER STRASSE 34 FERNRUF 74577S 15776bö - 20 - 14.) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the container consists of two parts (25,25 *), of which one (25) in front of the brush (35) on a chain link (21) is arranged, while the other (25 *) is arranged on the preceding chain link (21) behind the brush (35) is, both container parts (25,25 ') on the brush side or on the hinge side between two the chain links carrying both container parts are provided with an edge (31). 15 · ΐ) Device according to claim 9 *, characterized in that the containers (25) are attached in parallel to the chain links (21) at a predetermined distance. 16.) Device according to claim 91, characterized in that the containers (25) are attached directly to the chain links (21). 909883/100