DE1560676A1 - Nonwoven fabrics and processes for their manufacture - Google Patents

Description

Portfolio 2024? ° Dr.P / st
Case Bο472

a MUNICH 5, Müllerstrasse

BRITISH NYLOK SPINNERS LIMCTED Pontypools Monmouthshire, UK

"Nonwoven Fabrics and Processes too their manufacture "

Priority! June 9, 1964 - Great Britain

The invention relates to nonwoven fabrics and in particular to non-woven fabrics that resemble a pile fabric and to processes for their production «,

Various types of nonwoven fabrics have been known for many years. Within the last decade has been related to the manufacture of nonwoven fabrics by a process which involves stitching a fiber web has published a considerable amount of literature, including many patents. On this one In the specific area of nonwoven fabrics, apparently much effort has been directed towards fabrics to produce the same felt * Felts are textile

Documents (At. 7 «1 Λ '... _ *: .-. 1 1 & ^ a ds« Altertmnfeg * »· ν. 4.9.1967)

209821/0730

Fabrics that have a compact, high-density structure and as a result, they are limited in their end-uses,

The aim of the invention is to create a stitched textile fabric »which is similar to a pile fabric and which finds application in end uses for which pile fabrics of a conventional nature are generally suitable. Such A textile fabric differs from a felt in the presence of a multitude of fibers that are made up of it the surface of a basic structure in the form of tufts of fibers extend »which provide the textile fabric with a pile surface.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pile fabric with to create a new structure »which shows advantageous properties.

Another and more specific object of the invention is to create "a niohtgewebten fabric" in which the Floroberfläohe wlrd formed from FaserbUscheln _# showing good dimensional stability.

Thus, according to the invention, a non-woven velor textile » fabric with a non-woven paser base layer and a non-woven fiber bundle projection that is placed on the The fiber base layer is located and is aligned through this »with the fiber tufts formed from the base extend through the pre-fiber layer and crimped composite threads of the base fiber layer of the kind contained »that these consist of at least two fiber-forming Synthetic polymer components are made up of »which are arranged touching each other along the length of the threads

BAD OFHQINAL

209821/07 30

are suggested, which is characterized by « that the fiber tables 1 in the fiber base layer in their Position are fixed and the textile fabric is given an increased strength that the fibers as a result of Crimps in the assembled threads with one another devour.

In a preferred embodiment of the non-woven fabric Textile fabrics according to the invention are crimped fibers in at least the base layer.

The pile fabrics according to the invention can be treated with a needle of two superimposed non-woven s Fiber layers are produced, one of which is a layer potentially crimpable composite filaments of two fiber-forming Contains synthetic polymer components, so that hereby tufts of fibers are formed, which are through the upper layer, which are characterized in that the composite threads after formation of the Tufts of fibers are crimped in order to keep the tufts of thread in their position in the second layer, so that this increases the strength of the fabric. fiber oscillation occurring as a result of the crimping

is improved.

A particularly convenient method rur fixation of Pa-Kerbiischel in position is that either incorporated in the tlrundschicht or in the Faserbüscholvorschicht or in both fibers _r 'own "{iur * .elung which a latent K after the lancing operation In the event that the basic chic-bt is provided with fibers which have a latent crimp, the fixation is " fiber bushes" _r . those at the Enfctvi el <"" img of the ripple

209821/0710

In the pasers the Orundschloht is going on, a consequence of the interlocking, tangling and spanking of the Fibers, resulting from the deformation of the fibers when they are crimped. The fiber tangle doesn't just result in one Fixation of the fiber cover in its position, but reinforced also the mechanical strength and the length and width «» stability of the textile material. Furthermore, the presence of crimped fibers in the base layer gives the fabric a good bulk or looseness, which is particularly valuable when the fabric is to be used as a flooring material.

If the fiber cover is equipped with fibers, that have a latent ripple, then that is. Fixation of the fiber tufts that originate from this layer, their transformation from straight "stem-like" structures to piZe-shaped structures during the development of the curl, see below owe". The longitudinal contraction, which is associated with the development of the crimp, improves the blooming effect of the tufts of fibers, which fixes them even more firmly in their position. Furthermore, the The tufts of fibers collapse into a pllz-shaped structure, * each tuft being bounded by a dome-shaped hood

is, the tufts of fibers are distributed over the surface. In this way, for a more effective covering of the underneath · »: lying fiber base layer is taken care of.

Although the tufts of fibers in the nonwoven fabric in which fibers are crimped following the lancing operation have been held relatively firmly in place it is often advantageous to fix the tufts even further. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tufts of fibers are treated

BAD OWGiNAL 209821/0730

further fixed which results in a direct or indirect anchoring of the fibers in the base layer «As a result this connection becomes the "roots" of the fiber bundles, i.e. those embedded in the base layer arranged vertically Pasern, fixed in their position, and as a result the fiber tables are in their pricked arrangement anchored, whereby the nonwoven fabric with a improved fiber tuft maintenance or, in other words, "tuft maintenance" is provided »

Both the base layer and the fiber tuft pre-layer can consist of a fiber web or of a large number of layers laid one on top of the other Be composed of fiber webs. The inner fibrous web can be made of any type, natural or synthetic, fiber, which for use in making nonwoven fabrics e. In those cases in which the tufts of fibers are fixed by the development of a crimp in fibers of the base layer or the fiber tuft pre-layer or is latent in both, it is necessary, however, to use the layer or layers to equip with a certain proportion of such fibers. If such fibers are present in one or both layers, they should generally make up at least 10 wt .- #, based on the total weight of fibers, the are present on the shift. Although a number of synthetic fibers can be made that are If appropriate heating can pucker, they are not all equally useful in the practice of the present invention. Composite fibers, i.e. fibers which contain two or more components extending over the length in are arranged in contacting positional relationship, and which, because of their structure, cause a latent curl

209821/0730

are particularly suitable for use in this invention. Conveniently, the composite fibers contain at least one component which can be made tacky under conditions which do not appreciably affect the other component or components, which tacky component occupies at least a portion of the peripheral surface of the fibers. Such composite fibers not only have a latent frizz. development, which contributes to the fixation of the fiber cover w during development, but the presence of an adhesive component allows the further fixation of the fiber cover by connecting fibers, which is a consequence of the activation.

Suitable components for the production of the composite fibers can be in all groups of synthetic fiber-forming Materials are found. Because of their cheapness, ease of processing and their excellent properties are the condensation polymers such as polyamides and polyesters, and especially those that are melt spun are very suitable for use in the present invention. Other composite fibers, which can be used are, for example, those containing polyester amides, Polysulfonamides, polyesters, polyolefins, polyurethanes, or any combination of these polymers contain or based thereon, the only significant limitation being that the components of the composite Fibers should be sufficiently compatible with one another that they withstand undesirable fibrillation can.

BAD OWOINAL

209821/0730

Examples of suitable composite fibers are those • which are listed in the following table:

Glued component Polyhexamethylenediamide
Polyhexamethylene adipamld.
Polyhexamethy lenadlpamld
Polyethylene terephthalate
Polypropylene
Polyhexametby lenadipamide
Polyethylene terephthalate Poly (omega-aminoundecylic acid)
Polyhexamethylene adlpamld and
Poly-epsilon-caprolactam-co-
polymer (different weights
position of the two components)
Polyhexametby lenadlpamld and
Polyhexamethylene sebaoamld-Co-. .
polymer (various weight
proportions of the two components)
Copolymer (various weights
antelle) made of polyethylene tereph "
thalate and polypropylene tereph
thalat
Polyethylene
Suitable polyurethane
Suitable polyether / polyurethane -
Copolymer

BAD ORJGlNAL

209821/0730

Such composite fibers hold their shape, and so do they retain their essence as threads during activation of the adhesive component due to the fact that the other component of the heterofilament remains relatively unaffected by the activating treatment.

A number of methods are available by which composite fibers can be made. So For example, they can be obtained by those given in British Patents 579,081, 580,764 and 580,941 Processes are produced in which the polymeric materials either from the melt or from a softened melt are spun together or wet or dry spun, so that they form a single thread. Appropriate methods and devices for use in making composite filaments in which the components are in a side-by-side relationship by melt spinning are for example in the German patents .... (file number: B 68 210 VIta / 29a and P 17 10 857-7). Before or Pigments, plasticizers, dyes, moth repellants, flame retardants, fillers, abrasives and / or cloth stabilizers can be added during spinning. Especially when the adhesive component Is activatable by heat, it may be desirable to use suitable substances to lower the softening point the adhesive component, such as plasticizers, soft resins and the like, to be added to the spinning solution or otherwise in di.ö kleberie component of the composite fibers to incorporate, under suitable plasticizers for this purpose are: dibutyl tartrate, ethyl phthalate and ethyl glycolate. Examples of suitable soft resins are: polyvinyl acetate, Esterguis, coumarone resins and the. Alkyd resins with lower

BAD OFHGiNAL

209821/0730

156Q676

Molecular weight.

For the purposes of this invention, the components of composite fibers for example in one side « be arranged by side ratio «or a component can be completely surrounded by another component * i.e. a form of the so-called HQlIe * and core ratio, wherein the component forming the sheath is formed by the adhesive component, or the hetero thread can be a have a circular shape, such as a three-lobed one Shape, with one or two lobes formed by the adhesive component. The relative proportions of the components making up the composite fiber can be varied according to the type of bonded fabric that is desired, the physical Properties that are desired in the fabric and the end uses for which it is intended, im Need to keep an eye on.

The composite fibers can contain up to 90 blended on fibers that have no latent crimp.

The fiber webs can be produced by air separation of fibers, by garnetting processes, by carding of fibers with subsequent cross-laying of the carded Webs, by wet papermaking processes, and generally by any process by which a web can be made from loosely connected fibers.

To some extent, the method used depends on the Length of the fibers to be processed.

209821/0730

The Grundschioh ^, which consists of one or more such Fiber webs generally have a weight of more

2 2

than 14 g / m and preferably not less than 35: g / m »so that the weight of the original fiber web as a function is chosen as the weight desired for the base layer and the number of webs used in making the same.

The weight of the fiber bundle device depends in the first place from the density of the tufts of fibers, the greater the desired Density is «the heavier the layer must be and vice versa. In general, the tufted pre-layer has a Weight between 14 and 175 g / m

The lancing operation is carried out in a conventional needle chair which is commonly used in such textile operations. The stitch density "i.e. the extent of needle penetration" can vary considerably "and Since the tuft density depends on this parameter, variations are reflected in the appearance of the non-woven text material. In performing this Invention are stitch densities in the range of 8 stitches to a few thousand stitches per cm than in general found appropriate «during about 31 stitches / cm are most common. The depth of the stabbing depends on the thickness of the composite structure that is being stabbed should "from" whereby care must be taken that "it is essential" that the fibers oriented by the stitching protrude over the surface of the base layer as fiber tufts.

The treatment by which fibers are in or in the two layers are crimped and the fiber sleeves can be fixed «heating by different

BATH ORIGINAL

209821/0730

Means ufflfessen »such as the use of water, oil, Steam, air or other flowable media »those relating to of the fiber material used in each case are inert. Treatment can be alternative or additional treatment of the pricked product by suitable ohemical treatment include mild, acidic and alkaline baths are examples of what can often be acceptable ohemical treatment.

Joining the fibers together in the base sole and with the vertically arranged fibers that go through it, if it is desired, the effect of the fiber crimping for fixing the tufts of fibers can be increased, can be achieved by different routes, and the particular method used depends to a large extent on the one in which the Structure present fibers. .

If the fibers present in the mouth are simple As monocomponent fibers, i.e., homofilaments, there are often two types of fibers present therein and in the fiber base sheet. Fibers through the application of an adhesive to connect to one side of the pre-layer. The adhesive diffuses into the fiber structure and connects the fibers with each other, fixing the fiber cover,

Many different adhesives can be used in this invention be used. It can be an aqueous or non-aqueous "solution, emulsion, or dispersion of an adhesive or a strongly adhesive material which forms adhesive bonds when hardened. Examples of suitable adhesives are: rubber (of course or synthetic), polyurethanes, polyvinyl resins, e.g. Polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl chloride, and polyamide resins.

BATH ORIGINAL

209821/0730

The adhesive is applied twice in liquid form the corresponding surface of the assembled engraved structure is applied by spraying, such as by herkuamllohe Spritzdttsen »or with the help of an orphan · The adhesive can also be spread out in the form of a foam on the surface of the tufts of fibers.

The adhesive can be in the form of a binding agent incorporated into the orundso layer, the binding agent is strongly adhesive under conditions that do not affect the fibers present therein. For example, this can Binders have a softening point below that of the fibers present therein, and therefore can become tacky, i.e. activated, by heat. In In such cases the treatment may be more appropriate Heating to a temperature above the softening point of the additional binder but below that of the fibers. The heating can expediently thereby be carried out that one geetoohene the compound Structure over a hot drum in such catfish, that only the surface of the structure on the side is brought into contact with the drum, that of the opposite side who wears the fiber bosom. The binder can be able to be activated by any suitable chemical means when the treatment is convenient an application of a suitable chemical medium to the color sleeve of the composite prick. Structure should include.

The binders that can be activated by heat or chemical agents are often in the form of powders, Flock fibers or staple fibers.

BATH

209821/0730

If the base layer and / or the fiber cover pre-layer composite fibers of this type contain at least having two synthetic polymeric components, it is often desirable that in the composite fiber at least one component is present which can be made tacky under conditions that or the other component Leave the components non-sticky, with the strong sticking « de component is arranged so that it forms at least part of the outer surface of the thread, because then the treatment , to connect the Pasers in the Paserbahngrund- » layer and the associated fixation of the tufts of tape merely activate the strongly adhesive component must include. Activation of the strongly adhesive component can be achieved by the same treatment, which is used to develop the crimp in the heterofilaments * or in a subsequent treatment.

Particularly suitable composite filaments for use in the method of the invention are those in which the strongly adhesive component has a lower softening point than the other component or components and which can thus be activated by a treatment comprising heating, and then simultaneously the Paserbuschel are fixed. As examples of such Composite fibers should be named: Polyhexamethylene adiparnld-Polyepsllon-öaprolactam (Nylon 66/6) threads, in which the polyepsilon-caprolactam is the lower-melting component, and polyhexaraethylene adlpamid-polyomegaamino-acid (Nylon 66 / ll) * Pädens, in which the polyomegaaminoundecyic acid component has the lower melting point, and polyhexamethylene adipamld ° polyhexamethylene adipamide / polyepsilon-caprolactam mixed polymer threads, in which the interpolymer component has the lower melting point O

209821/0730

The highly adhesive component of the composite fiber can be such that it can be activated, with the Fiber clusters are fixed by a treatment using suitable chemical media, such as by treatment with a substantially non-aqueous one Formaldehyde solution. An example of such a hetero thread is such a thread made of polyhexamethylene adipamide as one component and an 80/20 random interpolymer of polyhexamethylene adipamide and polyepsiloncaprolactam as the other component in which the interpolymer component is made with the aid of a hot ethylene glycol solution can be activated by formaldehyde, which makes the polyhexamethylene adipamid component essentially non-adhesive leaves.

The incorporation of at least a portion of composite fibers of the type described in the base layer or Fiber blend protection or both allow the Fiber block fixed in a convenient and effective manner as a result of the,. which is actually an in-situ development of a binder through the activation of a strongly adhesive component of the hetero thread is. The activation of the strongly adhesive component is normally without destroying the fiber character of the Heterofilament is accomplished because the activated component is held in contact with the other component. It it is believed that this retention of fiber character and the absence of glue in the bulk of the Structure for the properties, such as the definition of tufts and tufting are of importance, properties which determine the durability of the pile surface and also contribute to the dyeable tea it of the pile fabric obtained. In addition, allows the use of compound

w>

209821/0730

Fibers easy to achieve precise control of the amount of binder and even distribution through the Feserbahn.

Find the nonwoven pile fabrics of this invention particular application as flooring materials, but they have a wide range of applications, for example they can be used upholstery fabrics, such as upholstery fabrics.

The new Text! 1 fabrics can advantageously be provided with an underlay.

The invention will now be illustrated by the following Examples and the accompanying drawings explained in more detail.

It show t

Flg. 1 a sohemätlsches diagram that simplified a . Embodiment of a method for manufacturing a Flortextlistoffs according to the invention explained;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section of the layer composition from FIG. 1 before lancing; FIG.

Flg. 5 is a schematic cross-section of the assembled engraved structure of Fig. 1; and

Flg. 4 is a schematic cross section of the assembled engraved structure of Flg. i after the fibers have been curled.

In Fig. 1, a supply roll 10 for the fiber web 11 is shown, which is unwound from the supply roll and horizontally from

209821/0730

is moved left to right on the surface of an endless belt 12. The layer 13 formed in this way is intended to be used as a lining in the manufacture of a non-woven pile fabric product. The symbol lh denotes a supply roll of a fiber web 15, which is continuously laid with the aid of a roller 16 as a layer 17 on the base layer 15 and is moved at the same speed and in the same direction as the latter. The composite structure, which is shown in Fig. 2, and which comprises the fiber web 17 as a fiber tuft pre-layer on the base layer 13, is then passed through a needle loom, which is generally indicated by the symbol 18 and is of conventional construction.

The needle loom 18 comprises a horizontal surface 19 and a needle board 20. The needle loom 18 guides the needles into the fibrous web in and out again and orient some of the fibers of the web in planes perpendicular, or substantially, substantially perpendicular to the planar surface of the same, with the vertically arranged fibers extending over a planar surface, extend in and through the basic layer as tufts of fibers.

The composite pierced structure 21 thus obtained is shown in FIG. It consists of three superimposed layers: a fiber tuft pre-layer 17 of the base layer 13 and a layer of fiber tufts 27, which form the pile surface of the resulting text listoff and which represent the protrusions over a planar surface 28 of the base layer made of vertically arranged fibers £ 9, which are embedded in the base layer. The base layer contains not only fibers 29 but also other fibers; 10, which are arranged in planes predominantly perpendicular to the plane of vertically arranged fibers 29. The basic chichi.

BAD OWGiNAt

209821/0730

is not only used to reinforce the non-woven pile fabric t off s and to wear the paserbuschel pre-layer 1? during the lancing operation, but also to keep the hineingestoshenen into it tufts to form and.

The assembled pierced structure 21 then becomes one Subjected to treatment, for example it is immersed in boiling water in order to seal the fibers therein ruffles »The means used for this purpose is in Fig. 1 indicated by the sign 22 »The development of the Crimping in the tufts of fibers 27 * as shown in Fig. Ψ are seen, results in a blooming of the same and one with it:. associated diffusion and distribution of the tufts over the Surface. In doing so, they take on a more rounded configuration. Indeed, the individual have ruffled Tufts of fibers having the general appearance of mushrooms, having: a short vertical stem portion 51 which is perpendicular is above the örundschicht 13 and in a rounded Hood 52 ends.

The sewn-woven fabric 25 resulting from the crimping treatment is then passed through a zone indicated by the character 2k in Fig. 1, wherein means, e.g. an oven, are used to further fix the tufts of pas 27 in the base layer _a The Plortextilstoff 25 produced in this way is then wound onto a product reel 26 »

A lot of 51mm long 15 denier staple fibers made from composite fibers were made »which were made of poly hexamethylene adlpamid as a component and polyhexamethylene «·

BATH ORIGINAL 9821/0730

adlpamid / polyepsiloncaprolactam ^ mixed polymer than the other Component (Nfrlon 66/66/6) passed, the two components Presented in a side-by-side relationship was carded as in conventional text-live processes. A train,

2, which weighed approximately 140 g / m 2, then became made from the carded layers using a cross laying machine, the individual layers with at an angle of 90 ° in relation to the previous position were laid on top of each other »The track, which consisted of loosely connected pasers, was passed through a single passage Dimensionally stabilized by a conventional needle loom and then placed in a dye bath (Solway Blue B »Ν.) passed, in which the dispersion medium was boiling water.

As a result of immersion in the dye bath, the fibers of the web were not only colored but also curled; the latter effect caused the composite fibers to assume a curly, helical, loopy, or tortuous shape with considerable intermeshing and entanglement of adjacent fibers and an overall contraction of the web into a smaller volume (about 60 % areal shrinkage). The received

The dense web weighed approximately 315 g / m This path is referred to as path A in this example in the following.

A second track (hereinafter referred to as track B), with

a slip of approximately 70 g / m 2 was achieved by carding and crisscrossing a quantity of 135 mm long staple fibers made of 15 denier »which is made from hetero threads were similar to those used in making Web A ο

BAD ORIGINAL * 209821/0730

The web B was then placed as Faserbüschelvorschicht on top of the web A as a base layer, which had previously been dried at a temperature well below 200 ⁰ C, and the composite structure was then passed through a single needle loom with regular 25 ~ gauge barbed needles hindurchgefUhrt . Fibers of web B oriented in this way pierce through web A, which serves as the base layer, so that they protrude beyond the lower surface of this web. The obtained nonwoven fabric had a comfortable fabric-like feel, good flexibility or drapability, and sufficient tensile strength. To improve the tensile strength, which © was merely a consequence of confusion and entanglement generated by the crimp at this stage, which is provided with tufts structure was then in an air oven for a period of 5 to 4 minutes to a temperature of 250-240 ⁰ C. heated. During this heating period, the composite fibers of Web B, most of which were pierced through Web A, curled, imparting improved stability to the structure in both the diameter and the plane of the fabric.

The development of the crimp led to an inflation of the tufts of fibers, which spread and formed mushroom-like structures. The spread of the fiber tufts in this way was reflected in a pile surface obtained in this way, with a correspondingly improved coverage of the base layer which was completely beyond visual observation. Furthermore, the conversion of the fiber tufts from predominantly vertical arranged structures in more diffuse υηά more rounded mushroom-shaped structures the non-woven pile fabric better weathering qualities, such as % "B. Elasticity, ie ,, that that

209821/0730

Capability of the Plor surface, after deformation {for example by placing a weight) to return to its original shape, was greatly improved.

When the pricked product reached the temperature in the oven, at which point all of the fibers present therein were essentially completely crimped, the lower melting component of the composite thread, ie the polyhexamethylene adlpamide / polyepsiloncaprolactam pulp polymer, developed at a temperature became sticky from about 220 ⁰ C, its uniting or adhesive properties and caused the fibers in contact with one another to stick or fuse O

As a result of this fusing, the part of the tufted fibers that was just in the base layer united which was formed by fibers of web A, with adjacent fibers in this web, creating a tufted Fabric was obtained which had sufficient tensile strength, good abrasion resistance and a had reasonable flexibility or drapability. The tufted fabric was then turned into a Added dye bath to dye the fibers of web B (tuft fibers), and then dried.

A different dyeing effect could be obtained by first turning the fibers of web A into a dark one Color and then the fiber bushes of panel B in a lighter one Color stained in a second dye bath.

This one provided with tufts or expressed differently "Tufted" fabric was for use «1s BocienivVi: <£

SAD ORiGiNAL 209821/0730

or very suitable for upholstery purposes ο structurally consisted he consists of a dense mat of interlocking and intertwined fibers »

When using the tufted fabric as a floor covering, it is often for the purpose of preventing creep and advantageous for the purpose of dimensional stability, a Provide underlay made of jute linen, on which the surface of the textile material that is not provided with Paserbüseheln passes through the application of a suitable adhesive is attached «

Example 2

A lot of 51mm long 12 denier staple fibers made from Heterofilaments similar to those used in making the webs of Example 1 were made carded and laid crosswise ^ so that a web is obtained (hereinafter referred to as Lane C), which is a weight of approximately 280 g / m. A second lane (hereinafter referred to as lane D) similar to that in Example 1 Web B described was made by carding and crisscrossing and then tufted pre-layer laid on track C as a base layer. The fibers of the The pre-layer was then pierced through the fibers of the web G as the base layer by passing through the layered structure by a needle loom with regular 32 gauge beard pins. The one provided with fiber tufts The structure was then heated in an air oven to a temperature of 2JO to 240 ° C over a period of 3 to 4 minutes heated. Curled during this heating treatment the hetero threads, the pricked product contracted (approximately 45 # areal shrinkage) and finally when the fibers reached near oven temperature,

BAD ORJGiMAL 209821/0730

the component with the lower melting point of the heterofilament fibers, doh. the polyhexamethylene adipamide / polyepsilon = caprolactam copolymer, which is at a temperature of about 220 ° C melts, sticky, developed its connective or adhesive properties and caused that fibers in contact with one another to form a bond or fusion »The fusion of neighboring Pasern increased the amount caused by the fiber twist as a result of the crimp contributed to the tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric »

The fabric was dyed by immersion in a dye bath and then dried

The provided with tufts fabric gave a very useful flooring material, it was preferred, such as z.Bo burlap, connect it to a suitable base material with or without foam rubber or polyurethane z \ i.

Instead of a single-colored dyeing effect, it was possible to achieve different dyeing of the textile fabric provided with fiber tufts by using web C made of an open-air dyed Heterostap fiber was produced and only .the fiber tufts fibers obtained from web D have been dyed »or by making webs C and D from different hetero threads where the hetero threads of track C compared to the hetero threads of track D have different dyeing properties had.

Example 3

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated * with the sub decided that panel A was made of 38 mm long super-crimped poly-

BATH

209821/0730

hexsmethylene adlpamld fibers of 12 denier and one Weight of approximately 105 g / m.

The tufted textile that is produced by the Curling and gluing (by heat) of the lines of the engraved Structure obtained had a softer and better developed fabric-like feel than the fabric of Example 1 and the tuft anchoring was excellent and provided the fabric with good abrasion resistance the end.

Example 4

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the The difference is that web A consists of a mixture of equal proportions of staple fibers of 20 denier and heterofilaments of length 51 nanometers 38 EEm long polyhexamethylene adipamide staple fibers of 6 Denier existed.

Again, the tufted fabric possessed a softer feel than that of Example 1} its tensile strength, which is a consequence of the combined effects of the Fiber curling and the fiber fusion was, was accordingly.,

Example 5

In this example, the procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the difference that web Β * d »h _o the web which provides the tufts of the fabric obtained from a Geaisch equal amounts 51 mm long staple fibers of hetero" filament of 15 denier and 38 mm long polyhexamethylene adiparic staple fibers of 12 denier.

BAD ORJGINAL 209821/0730

Example 6

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the difference that a loosely woven burlap fabric was placed between panels A and B immediately before the lancing operation.

Incorporating the burlap in this manner resulted in a tufted fabric in which the anchoring the tufts in the base layer formed by the fibers of Web B, those of the tufts in the product of Example 1 was superior. Furthermore, the textile fabric provided with tufts could be used as a floor covering without the jute backing material, which was often necessary when the tufted fabric was made from Example 1 was used for this purpose.

Example 7

In this example the procedure of Example 1 was repeated, with the difference that both a loosely woven Scrimtext1I fabric as well as a foam rubber layer between lanes A and B were laid immediately before the lancing operation.

The effect of the foam was to improve the elasticity of the resulting tufted fabric s.

Example 8

A lot of staple fibers 6x5 mm long, made from were made from the same size « Weight proportions of polyhexamethylene adipamide as a component

BAD OFHQiNAL 209821/0730

and an arbitrary 80/20 mixed polymer of polyhexamethylene adipamide / polyepsiloncaprolactara as the other component, the two components being present in a side-by-side ratio, were used with the aid of a Proctor and Sehwartz-Duoform air laying machine
Air filed

ρ Paserbahn with a weight of approximately 70 g / m from the

A second paserbane weighing 315 s / ^m was also laid down from the air using the same air laying machine to produce a mixture dyed black from equal weights of the composite fibers present in the first sheet and 63 mm long trilobed molded polyhexamethylene adipamide fibers of 15 denier. This web was then dimensionally stabilized by lightly pricking (35 stitches per cm) in a single pass through a conventional needle loom. It was found that the pricking facilitates further processing, stabilizes the pebble tuft pre-layer during the pricking operation and also improves the abrasion resistance of the end textile.

The first lane was then applied as a paserbuschel pre-layer on the second laid as the foundation layer and the assembled structure was passed through a single-needle loom, the by William Bywater Limited of Leeds and fitted with regular 25-gauge beard pins. The composite structure was then through the

Needle chair guided. On the first run the burin was' ■ 2 number 12 per cm and the second it was 24 per cm. In both cases the stitch depth was set so that the Needles 15.8 mm protruded beyond the lower surface of the base layer and some first whiskers passed completely through were °

BATH ORIGINAL

209821/0730

The pricked product, which was 109 cm wide, was then passed through an Efco conveyor furnace, which with a temperature of 245 ° C and a throughput of 3 m / min worked. As a result of the heat treatment, the composite fibers in the structure curled and connected, whereby a stable structure approximately 102 mm wide was obtained.

The product was colored to give a two-tone effect due to the presence of the black fibers in the base layer. After drying, abrasion resistance tests were carried out on a sample of the engraved structure before and after the development of crimp and interfiber bonding “The measurements were carried out in a Taber abrasion device under a load of 1000 g and HlO abrasion wheels η with 500 revolutions of the wheel.

The product was found to lose 0.171 g of fiber prior to heat treatment, which is roughly consistent with conventional ones Bodenbelagmaterlallen stands, but that the product after the heat treatment only 0.120 g of fibers lost, which was very good, and its appearance remained unchanged »

Example 9

A lot of 38 mm long 6 denier staple fibers were made of composite fibers, which consisted of equal amounts by weight of polyethylene and polypropylene, where the two components in a side-by-side relationship was placed from the air using a Proctor and Schwartz Duoform air laying machine to create a To produce fibrous web which weighed approximately 87 g / m.

209821/0730

A second fibrous web with a weight of 280 g / m was also deposited with the help of the same air laying machine from a mixture of the air »which of the same Amounts by weight of the composite fibers present in the first web and 6j> mm long black dyed three * lobed shaped polyhexamethylene adlpamld fibers of 15 denier duration. This web then became light stabbing to an extent 35 stitches per cm in a single pass pricked a conventional needle loom. It has been found that the pricking facilitates further processing, stabilizes the fiber tufting device during the lancing operation and also the abrasion resistance of the final fabric improved.

The first web was then applied as a fiber table topcoat second laid as a base layer and the assembled structure was guided through a simple needle loom, supplied by William Bywater Limited of Leeds and fitted with regular 25-gauge beard pins. The assembled structure was passed through the needle loom twice, with the stitch density in the first pass 12 stitches / cm and in the second 24 stitches / cm.

In both passes, the stitch depth was set so that that the needles reached 15.8 mm beyond the outer surface of the base layer and the first beards penetrated completely .

The engraved structure was then put through an Efco conveyor oven which worked at a temperature of 165 ° C and with a throughput of 5 m / min «As a result of the heat treatment the composite fibers curled in the structure and connected, forming a stable structure

BATH ORIGINAL

209821/0730

with a pile surface consisting of mushroom-shaped The textile fabric provided a very suitable flooring material for which Purpose it could advantageously be provided with a base made of a jute fabric.

PATENT CLAIMS

BAD ORiQi _NßiL 209821/0730

Claims (1)

1560R76 PATENT CLAIMS 1, non-woven velor textile with a non-woven Paser base layer and a non-woven fiber that is located on the Paser base layer and is aligned through this »where out the fiber tufts formed by the base layer extend through the fiber pre * layer and the fiber base layer ge = · contain crimped composite filaments of the type that these consist of at least two fiber-forming synthetic fibers Consist of polymer components which are arranged touching one another along the length of the threads, characterized in that that the fiber bundles in the fiber base layer are fixed in their position and the textile fabric is thereby fixed increased strength is that the fibers intertwine due to the crimp in the composite threads ο 2 ο velor textile according to claim 1, characterized in that that one of the components of the composite filaments forms part of the circumferential surface of the filaments and is potentially sticky and the other component behaves-Msftüäßlg is non-tacky, one component being adhered to the adjacent threads due to the tacky nature of that component and thereby the strength of the fabric it will be further improved » 3 velor textile according to claim 1, characterized "That the tufts of pas are ruffled" BATH ORIGINAL ./. 4.9.19S7) 20 9 82 1/0730 1560 ^ 76 - 50 - 4. Process for the production of a non-woven velor textile according to claims 1 to 3, by needle treatment * of two non-woven fiber layers laid one on top of the other one of which is a layer of potentially crimpable composite filaments made from two synthetic fibers Contains polymer components, so that hereby tufts of fibers are formed which extend through the upper layer, characterized in that the composite threads are crimped after the formation of the tufts of fibers thereby the tufts of thread in the second layer in their To be held in position, so that the strength of the textile is thereby reduced by the entanglement of the fibers due to the crimping is improved. 5ο method according to claim 4, characterized in that that one of the components of the composite filaments forms at least part of the circumferential surface of the filament and potentially adhesive, the other component being non-adhesive and the potentially adhesive component is made adhesive after the needle treatment, so that on in this way this component is glued to the neighboring fibers and thereby the strength of the textile material is improved. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that. the crimp of the threads both in the base layer and in the also takes place in the fiber bundle proposal. 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the potentially sticky component of the composite Threads are made sticky in the same work step in which the threads are crimped » PATENT LAWYERS -H-FINCKE ₁ DIPL-ING ₁ DIPPING. S-SIAtGER BAD OFMQiNAL 209821/0730