DE1484216A1 - Tube made of fiber, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic, e.g. Mast, tower-like structure, hollow girders and the like. - Google Patents

Description

Tube made of fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular glass-fiber reinforced plastic, e.g. B. mast, tower-like structure, hollow beam and the like.

For the production of fiber, especially glass fiber reinforced plastic pipes with any profile as well as larger and extremely large cross-sectional dimensions, especially from those for masts and. tower-like structures are used, are mostly the reinforcement materials, fiberglass mats, fabrics or both together in layers on top of the previously impregnated with an appropriate release agent The mold is placed and each layer is impregnated with resin that hardens at room temperature.

The reinforcement material can also be applied by spraying the Fibers are applied. However, other methods are also possible. The dimensioning the wall thickness is, apart from the normal loading forces, dependent on the sonatigen static conditions, especially from the bending stresses that in the case of masts and towers, primarily due to wind pressure or one-sided loads develop. This deformation force makes it necessary to use unusual dimensions of the mast or structure that made its use economic Question reasons, especially when it comes to the listing of Masts on long distances (railway operations, light masts).

The invention shows a way by which the strength of pipes with larger and extremely large cross-sectional dimensions, especially of masts, tower-like structures or hollow girders of any cross-section against stresses of any kind is increased significantly.

According to the invention, for this purpose the jacket (the pipe wall) is inside and / or provided on the outside with two or more longitudinal reinforcements in their area massaged, predominantly continuous fiber - especially glass fiber strands in the longitudinal direction of the pipe (mast, tower, etc.).

The subject of the invention is explained with reference to the drawing, whose Figures show the following details: Fig. 1 a mast in side view ; Fig. 2 component for a tower in side view; Fig. 3 Section through the mast according to Fig. 1 on a larger scale; Fig. 4 and 5 sections through a support beam with Reinforcement examples; Fig. 6 Section of a mast with transverse reinforcement.

In the figure 1 is a hollow mast 1 with a circular cross-section for lighting purposes shown, which, as is common practice, is slightly conical in shape.

The component is similar, however, in other, far larger dimensions 2 of a tower, e.g. B. a transmission tower, (Fig. 2), designed, which consists of a Plural of such superimposed (flanged) parts 2, tapered towards the top, assembled. Such masts or towers are z. B. by wind pressure or by other, similarly acting forces - caused for example by the weight of a boom 6 with a load 7 attached (Fig. 1) - considerable bending stresses exposed only through appropriate (over) dimensioning of the cross-section and the profile walls can be caught.

To now nevertheless with thin wall thicknesses and smaller dimensions and thus being able to get by with low weight, as Figure 3 shows, the jacket or the pipe wall 3 of the mast 1 or the component 2 for the tower or also a hollow beam inside and outside or also separately either inside or outside provided with several longitudinal reinforcements 4. Such rib-like Reinforcements known. The invention "now consists in that in the field these reinforcements 4 massaged, predominantly continuous fiberglass rod, so-called. Rovings, inserted in the longitudinal direction of the tube (mast, tower part, etc.) will. The use of reinforcement made of parallel rovings brings the highest strength values that can be achieved with glasses. You according to of the invention not in the entire jacket of the pipe, but in the area of Laying two or more reinforcements running parallel to the Achee means following: In a longitudinal bead 4 of the pipe jacket 3 (the number of beads becomes three or four, sometimes for the purpose of an even distribution of forces even more) leave a lot of strands in which the elementary threads preferably lie parallel to each other.

Taking into account that the tensile strength values of such strands in the order of 100 kg / mm2, aleo in the area of the strength of good structural steels, it can be seen that, through the formation of the Fasserstraße @ in three or four focus areas within the Pipe jacket (as it is the rule of the invention prescribes) considerable tensile and compressive stresses, which are caused by bending loads occur, can be recorded. One further recognizes de, now the real one Pipe jacket 3 is exempt from such stresses and - if in the conventional Manner manufactured-thin can be kept. Because the distribution of forces and stress in the tube according to the invention is similar to that in a double-T-beam: The Belts in such a carrier, which absorb the tensile and compressive stresses, correspond the massier attached fiber strands of the plastic tube, while the web of the Statically, the carrier would be equivalent to the jacket of the pipe or the tower part.

It turns out that with a suitable number of roving reinforcements 4/5 and with their statically analogous distribution on the shell (circle) 3 bending loads can be picked up in any direction.

This principle of massed roving reinforcement can also be used with carriers with a rectangular hollow cross-section (Fig. 4 and 5) can be used. Here will be at longitudinal reinforcements at the points of the walls or the jacket and in them lying massaged fiber strands 5 attached, which under loads, in particular that is, bending loads, tensile and compressive forces are exposed. You can see that in this way high moisture values with little material and weight expenditure can be achieved.

In addition to the bending stress, a pipe, e.g. B. a mast be exposed to forces that have a twisting effect. Such stresses occur when a mast is approached from one side or when rotating on it For example, forces are effective in that, for example, one-sided winds or storms Cantilever 6 with attached to its ends lamp bodies 7 radially attacking torques cause. To counter these forces, in a further development of the invention the Mast, expedient on its surface, with an essentially provided fiber reinforcements massaged in the transverse direction. To this end it brings one either belt-like, i.e. (with a mast 1 or a tower body 2) in horizontal planes, Annular beads with roving inlays or the tube is reinforced in the form of continuous ones Spirals (with cylindrical bodies) or spirals (with conical bodies). Latter Solution is shown in Figure 6, in which the spiral reinforcements 8 Prevent twisting.

With the invention is achieved above all that to the anyway Glass fiber plastics inherent positive properties (to which first of all light weight, corrosion resistance, simple processing methods, architectural appealing effects include) a substantial increase in strength in the Hollow bodies in question here and a further weight reduction achieved will. However, this ultimately results in a considerable saving in material and an increased one Connected economy, the z. B. in a large-scale use of masts (about for Lighting purposes on streets or for versatile use on railway systems) plays an essential role.

Claims (3)

P a t e n t a n e p r U c h e @ Paeer - especially glass fiber reinforced Plastic pipe, e.g. B. mast, tower-like structure, hollow beam and the like., As a result characterized in that the jacket (pipe wall 3) inside and / or outside two or more Has longitudinal reinforcements (4), massaged in the area, predominantly continuous fiber, in particular glass fiber strands (5) (rovings) in the longitudinal direction of the pipe (mast 1, tower 2, etc.). 2. Plastic pipe, characterized in that it is inside and outside, preferably belt-like on its surface, i.e. in horizontal planes, or in Is provided in the form of continuous spirals or spirals (8) with fiber reinforcements. 3. Plastic pipe according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the tube has a rectangular hollow cross-section (Fig. 4 and 5) and when in use as a carrier at the points of the walls or the jacket with longitudinal reinforcements and in them massaged fiber strands (5) is provided, which in the event of loads, are particularly exposed to bending stresses (tensile and compressive forces).