DE1164505B - Circuit arrangement for relay chains in telecommunications, especially telephone systems - Google Patents

Description

Circuit arrangement for relay counting chains in telecommunications, in particular Telephone systems The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for coded working relay counting chains in telecommunications, in particular telephone systems, at least two clock stages included, through each of which four during the same number of successive states of the pulse relay are distinguished from permanent states can be, depending on whether none, the first, the first and the second or only the second of the two relays forming the clock stage is energized.

Such counting chains have become known that are analogous to the ones from bistable flip-flops with chains composed of electronic components consist of a simple chain connection of relay clock stages. With such a Arrangement, one can, as is known, store 2n-1 different binary combinations if n is the number of clock stages present and the one representing the idle state of the chain Binary combination is not counted.

Each clock stage of such an arrangement generally consists of two relays, if not capacitors or other additional storage elements are expended. One of these two relays has the rank of an auxiliary relay and is not used directly to identify the condition of the chain, so that with a number of m relays 2m / 2-1 (in even) different states can be marked can.

The invention increases the storage capacity of such clock stages containing counting chains by creating the possibility of both relays of each clock stage to be used for identification. This is achieved in that the first relay the second clock stage is energized during that state of the pulse relay the termination of which the second relay of the first clock stage drops out for the first time.

According to what has been said above, a cycle stage of two relays is supposed to be So a circuit arrangement can be understood in which initially both relays are in the fallen state; thereupon are the first, the first, one after the other and the second and finally the second relay alone is energized. The four states repeat themselves periodically and each last for the same number (e.g. three) of successive states of the pulse relay (e.g. energized, de-energized, attracted or fallen off, attracted, fallen off) on.

With the same storage capacity, the invention thus brings about a reduction the relay effort by changing the state in the individual clock stages can only occur when the upstream clock stage one of the above four-state cycle completed.

To further explain the concept of the invention, it will now be presented in mathematical form. While maintaining the properties of clock circuits set out above, with a number of n clock stages with z. B. two relays, which are known to have four different states each, obviously a total of (1) p. = 4 (p.-1 - 1) different relay constellations occur if, for the sake of clarity, one also counts the state of the arrangement before the beginning of the first pulse. A clock stage that is newly added when the relay counting chain is expanded must namely already be switched on as long as the cycle of the upstream clock stage is running, i.e. at the latest at the last possible state of the upstream clock stage. The size of pn is obtained from the recursion formula (1) as Here, p1 is the number of states or relay constellations that can be distinguished by the first clock stage, i.e. p1 = 4, as assumed above. So that will eventually In the case of relay counting chains, the status during the pulse pauses is usually used for marking. This means that with a circuit arrangement according to the invention, a total of Pulses can be stored. This storage capacity is obviously greater than that of the known chains, which consist of a simple chain circuit of n clock stages (with which you can store 2n-1 pulses) as soon as the number n of clock stages is greater than one.

The equation (1 b) indicates how many different states the circuit arrangement can at most assume, so it stipulates when one should be added to the already existing ones newly added clock stage must be switched on at the latest, so that not to the same relay constellation occurs at two different times. It recommends However, sometimes to give the individual clock levels cycles of shorter duration: if the chain z. B. should run cyclically, one becomes the number of p "relay constellations so determine that it is a common multiple of those numbers that are different Specify status options for all subordinate clock levels so that there is a There is a point in time at which all the available clock stages complete a cycle at the same time.

Thus equation (1 b) yields for z. B. the third clock stage of a three-stage arrangement possible distinguishable states. The relevant numbers for the first and the second clock stage are p1 = 4 and p2 = 12. If you choose p3 '= 36 instead of p3 = 44 , which represents the greatest common multiple of p1 and p2, which is even smaller as p3 = 44, this means that there is a point in time at which all three clock stages complete a cycle.

There may be a desire to build chains whose storage capacity is between two values given by equation (2). In this case, instead of the last clock stage consisting of two relays, only a single relay will be used, which is energized during that state of the pulse relay after which the relay upstream of it, namely the second of the last clock stage, drops out. If m is the total number of relays (except for the pulse relay) used, that is, in total complete clock stages are available, so can in such an arrangement overall (m odd) different relay constellations occur, and the storage capacity is In Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention with five relays, of which the relays E1 and E2 form a first and the relays E3 and E4 form a second clock stage. According to the equation (4) can thus Pulses are stored .. F i g. 1 shows the associated relay diagram! N.

The mode of operation of this circuit arrangement is described below: When the contact ia of the pulse relay (not shown) is closed for the first time the chain relay EI responds in the circuit (5) earth, ia, 1 e2, rectifier 1 tbsp, -.

With its contact 1e1, it prepares the pick-up of relay E2 and its own hold. The relevant circuits are closed when the pulse contact returns to its rest position: (6) Earth, ir, 1e1, 3, E2, -. (7) Earth, ir, 1 el, 2, E1, -.

This achieves the state of the chain corresponding to the first stored pulse. After the pulse contact has been reassigned, the holding circuit (7) for relay E1 is interrupted. Relay E2, on the other hand, is held via (8) earth, ia, 2e2, 4, E2, -.

Furthermore, the contact ia closes a response circuit for the relay E3: (9) Earth, ia, 2e2, 5, 1e4, E3, In the pulse pause that now follows, the relay E2 drops out again, while the relay E3 is via its own contact 1e3 in Circuit (10) earth, ir, 7, 1e3, E3, -continue holds and marks the second stored pulse.

During the third pulse, the relay El in the circuit (5) aroused again and prepares, among other things, the suit of the through its contact 1e1 Relay E4 before. Meanwhile, the relay F_3 in the circuit (11) earth, ia, 8, 3e4, 1e3, E3, -.

When the pulse contact returns to its rest position for the third time, a response circuit for relay E4 is closed: (12) earth, ir, 1e1, 3e3, 9, E4, -.

The relays E1 to E4 are now energized. This relay constellation marks the storage of three pulses. At the beginning of the fourth pulse, relay E1 drops out again because its holding circuit (7) is interrupted. For the relay E3 the new holding circuit (13) earth, ia, 2e2, 5, 2e4, 6, 1e3, E3, -, and the relay E4 remains in the circuit (14) earth, ia, 8, 3e4, E4 , -.

Relay E2 drops out in the fourth pulse pause. Relays E3 and E4, on the other hand, remain energized via circuit (10) or (15) earth, generally 2e3, 10, 5e4, E4, and mark the state of the counting chain corresponding to the fourth stored pulse. When the fifth pulse arrives, the relay El responds again and the relay E3 drops for the first time, since each of its holding circuits (9), (11) and (13) is interrupted. The relay E4, however, can again hold in the circuit (14). During the fifth pulse pause, relay E2 is re-energized and prepares a response circuit for relay E5. In addition, the relays E1 and E4 remain switched on, the latter in the circuit (16) earth, ir, 2e1, 5e4, E4, -. This contact constellation represents the storage of five impulses.

During the sixth pulse, relay E5 is energized and creates a holding circuit with its contact 1e5.

In the pulse pause that follows, relay E4 drops for the first time away. So it is with respect to the relays El to E4 the same state as before Beginning of the first pulse, while relay E5 is completely independent of all other relays continue and the storage of six pulses has taken place represents. From the beginning of the seventh pulse on, the relays repeat El to E4 the processes described above.

Claims (2)

Claims: 1. Circuit arrangement for encoded relay counting chains in telecommunications, in particular telephone systems, which contain at least two clock stages, through the successively and periodically recurring four each during the same Number (e.g. three) of successive states of the pulse relay (e.g. dropped out, attracted, disengaged or attracted, disengaged, attracted) persistent states a distinction can be made, depending on whether none, only the first, the first and the second or only the second of the two relays forming the clock stage is energized is, characterized in that the first relay (E3) during the second clock stage that state of the pulse relay (I) is excited, after its termination the second Relay (E2) of the first clock stage drops out for the first time. 2. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first relay of each further clock stage is excited at the latest during that state of the pulse relay, after its termination the second relay of the upstream clock circuit drops out for the first time.