DE1124758B - Process for soil treatment of vineyards and fruit crops by cultivating a greening plant - Google Patents

Description

ENTERNAT.KL. A 01 g

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

B 58381 £ 45

REGISTRATION DATE: JUNE 28, 1960

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION ANDOUTPUTE EDITORIAL.

MARCH 1, 1962

The invention is in the field of viticulture and fruit growing and relates in particular to a method for Soil treatment of vine or fruit crops by growing a green manure plant.

Green manure for soil improvement has also been known for a long time in viticulture and fruit growing. So far, annual nitrogen-collecting plants (lupine, flat pea, pea, Vetch, horse bean, Seradella or the like) chosen, which in late summer or autumn in the vineyards or were sown between the rows of fruit trees. There had to be a sufficiently large distance from the vines must be adhered to in order to avoid the lower-hanging ones when the growth of the green manure plants grows taller Not to harm grapes.

Perennial green manure plants (alfalfa, yellow clover, White clover or perennial grass) are grown, which are later mown and either mulched up the plant-free strips were deposited or taken away for feeding.

Especially in the northern wine-growing areas, however, green manure has only been used despite many attempts found little entrance. The main reason for this is the high risk of rot, especially when it is damp Look for autumn weather. Furthermore, the known green manure crops have the disadvantage that the Pest control and soil cultivation are made more difficult when the stripes in the Rebgasse standing green manure plants have reached a certain height. The cultivation in strips in the Row also promotes vine diseases, the rotting of the grapes and, above all, makes it difficult Harvest, apart from the fact that grapes or berries that have fallen on the ground are rarely used can.

A dense soil cover by green manure plants also has a high need for Soil water that is withdrawn from the vine or fruit crops. Above all, it prevents a sufficient one Solar radiation for the necessary warming of the floor. Keeping the soil clean from permanent weeds is made more difficult. Also the green manure plants used so far are such as alfalfa and the other clover species susceptible to viruses. You can therefore easily spread the particularly in permanent crops Viral disease contribute.

In order to avoid these disadvantages, the invention builds on here and proposes the use of astragulus as a subculture in wine and fruit crops for soil cover and for mulching with subsequent Placement in the ground as green manure.

Soil treatment methods

of vine and fruit crops
by growing a green manure plant

Applicant:

Agnes Busemeyer, née Decker,
Mertesdorf near Trier 18

Cultivation trials have shown that the legume astragulus can be used as a green manure plant in vineyards and Fruit growing is particularly suitable. It has long above-ground creeping shoots that are only slightly shaded of the soil. Astragulus sprouts early and then grows relatively quickly, so that the desired soil protection occurs very soon. In autumn the shoots die early until on the rhizome. Therefore, from the middle of October, the soil will only be covered by the dead stalk and leaf mass covered. This prevents rot. The grape harvest is not affected.

Astragulus is resistant to virus infection, as in-depth research has shown. The flat shoots lying on the ground are stable and can be run over with light vehicles without damage. Broken shoots become immediately replaced by a bud from the next axillary eye.

The plants are many years old, so that only one cultivation is necessary for a vine rotation is. It is hardy and even after the cold winter months it kicks out again. Astragulus grows well and does not require any special care or fertilization.

It is particularly useful to plant astragulus in the rows of vines or orchards in such a way that either there is one specimen for one or two vines.

The exemplary drawing shows cultivation plans for preferred plant associations.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overview, with an astragulus plant on two vines.

289 517/117

Claims (1)

3 4 Fig. 2 shows another plant association with a spring to accommodate. Every year in spring Astragulus plant per vine. drives the plant directly over from the root head In the cultivation example according to FIG. 1, the vines are again exposed to the ground and very soon covers floors 1 in a narrow row spacing of about 1.00 to the soil in the desired loose manner.
1.50 meters. The distance from plant to plant in 5 As soon as the plants are in the third year of planting in the row is also 1.00 to 1.50 meters, so that they have reached their greatest extent, the vines are set in a square bond. In the autumn dead shoots no longer annually below each row is dug between two neighboring vineyards. Rather, in spring, the ground is planted in stocken la and Ib each with an astragulus plant 2 along the Rebgasse with a wide chisel, the gap between the next ao being torn. All the dead stalks mass remains as a pair of poles 1b and will roll over c. 1 Land cover lying. The new shoots spread The astragulus plant is pending in the neighboring row. Just close to the vine or sets, i.e. at the same height as the gap between the fruit tree, the soil is strengthened every year Vine 16 and Ic of the first series. So- loosened to allow air and water access with the distance between the individual astragulus plants 15 is to be kept. about equal to each other, and half as much by using astragulus as under-green manure plants Needed for cultivation, such as vine culture in vineyards and fruit crops, is in simpler, bilstock available. needing less and less human labor With wider vineyards of 2.00 to 3.00 meters, both a loose soil cover is possible they are indicated in Fig. 2, between 20 attitude of the cooking of the soil as well as an increase two vines 1 in a row an astragulus - the soil fertility on the way of the green plant 2 cultivated. The number of astragulus plants fertilizing possible. The humus cover from the dead corresponds here that of the vines. benign plant parts prevents an accelerated Tree disks 3 can be created around the vines. will. 25 mix runs. For cultivation in close vines (Fig. 1) A particular advantage of the new method is a small species of the astragulus - that erosion of the soil by washing away the fine art with deep dark, ivy-green, but small leaves and only small distances from node to node, which often occurs in vineyards, is prevented, with short stems and shoot lengths from 1.00 to 30 The wine and fruit crops are accessible at all times. 1.20 meters proven. When growing in a wide association, bar. The soil can also enter the vineyards without damage (Fig. 2) is a large species with shoot lengths of lanes to be plowed, with the ploughshare under 2.20 to 2.50 meters and a few but very dense shoots of the astragulus plants.
Narrow with large leaves and long side shoots preferable. 35 PATENT CLAIMS For green manuring, Astragulus is planted in the manner described above between the vineyards and fruit 1. Use of Astragulus as a subculture doors. In autumn, the shoots die off except for the rootstock in vineyards and fruit crops to cover the ground. The dead stalks and leaves are laid on the ground from mid-October for mulching with subsequent sub-blankets, so that they can already be put into the ground as green manure,
after the harvest, the rotted organic matter 2. Cultivation method according to claim 1, can be gekennuntergarbeiten. is characterized by the planting of astragulus But it is also possible to put the dead parts in the rows of vines in such a way that either on one in winter as a protective blanket against frost or an astragulus plant on two vines To let rain lie on the ground and not until 45. 1 sheet of drawings © 209 517/117 2. 62