DE1121861B - Device for changing the direction of vibration in an arrangement for the exclusive generation of vibrations in a single direction of vibration - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

W 24189 IXb / 42 s

REGISTRATION DATE: SEPTEMBER 30, 1958

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION AND ISSUE OF THE EDITORIAL: JANUARY 11, 1962

The main patent 1098 751 relates to an arrangement for the exclusive generation of vibrations in the working direction with vibrators which a working mass by means of springs with a consisting of several parts, relative to vibrations to the working mass excited free mass is connected and in which the parts of the free mass around perpendicular Axes extending to the working direction can be tilted, with the partial masses at or in the vicinity from points of great oscillation amplitude by springs, preferably leaf springs, inevitably connected are soft in the direction corresponding to the line connecting the two bearing axes, but in the two perpendicular directions, especially in the working direction, hard are.

The present additional patent application is based on the object of such an arrangement To create a device for changing the direction of vibration and thereby the scope of the Main patent still to be extended to such systems, in which the direction of impact of the free mass of decisive Significance for performance is such as B. according to the micro throw principle working vibratory conveyor or vibrating screens.

The optimal impact angle depends on a wide variety of sizes, including the Type of material to be conveyed, the trough or pipe inclination and the layer height.

Therefore, when dimensioning such systems, an average one based on experience is usually used This is based on the impact angle, which is then naturally in most cases of the optimum The angle of impact deviates more or less. However, this does not make the facility work optimally; it becomes in a sense Funding is given away. With many sponsors, the operating conditions are constant Subject to change. For example, the layer height changes when charging coal from Boiler systems depending on the change in load. If the load is very low, then you come with one fixed impact angle does not fall below a minimum delivery rate, and the conveyed material remains lying.

In the case of conveyor systems with an adjustable joint angle, however, the The delivery rate can be adapted to the operating requirements to a far greater extent. Even with dosing channels can with a change, under certain circumstances an automatic change in the impact angle, a much more precise dosage can be achieved.

Even with vibrating screens, the right one to change to the ever device

the direction of oscillation in an arrangement for exclusive generation

of vibrations
in a single direction of oscillation

Addendum to patent 1,098,751

Applicant:

Dr.-Ing. Adolf Weiler,
Frankfurt / M., Freudenberger Str. 38

Dr.-Ing. Adolf Weiler, Frankfurt / M.,
has been named as the inventor

Impact angles adapted to certain conditions are of decisive importance. A sieve that can only be used in can oscillate in one direction, therefore - no matter what angle the direction of oscillation to Horizontal occupies - usually only a very small useful effect, so that the success is completely absent can.

Conveyor systems or vibrating screens that cause vibrations by means of eccentrics or rotating unbalances are excited, allow the direction of impact to be varied in a relatively simple manner and are therefore superior to those systems that are excited with electric vibrators.

In the case of a previously proposed vibrating device with two electrical vibration generators of the same size, whose oscillating masses move in opposite directions of rotation and the resulting linear ones Generate vibrations, the two oscillating masses are each on one leg, two on one each Torsion bar mounted angle lever arranged, the other legs of which carry anchors by a common excitation magnet are influenced. However, this system does not even achieve that the free mass can only swing in a very specific direction, the working direction, because the two Torsion bars also transmit completely uncontrollable rotational movements.

A well-known electrical exciter for generating mechanical vibrations for screening devices,

109 759/121

3 4

other processing and exciters moved back and forth cause the electrical values to be perpendicular to one another

working machines or similar machine parts has to change stationary vibration systems in such a way that

an anti-rotation, spring-mounted vibration in different directions and any

magnetic armature, which is created by a circumferential big shape.

magnetic field on a closed curve- 5 If through the subject of the main patent

track is moved. the task is solved with respect to the requirements

However, this known vibration exciter is not able to suppress all degrees of freedom except for one, to breed masses higher only after a single one, so that the new vibrator can vibrate degrees of freedom and the others themselves to suppress the maximum degrees of freedom desired today. Preferably 10 has grown, the object of the add-on accomplishes this vibration exciter torsional vibration patent the task of setting these single vibrations around an axis, furthermore it can selectively adjust the tilting vibration direction
gen by an axis perpendicular to it and undoubtedly by the vibrator according to the invention, it is also still uncontrollable linear oscillations may become possible, with electromagnetic Erin different directions, but with smaller amplitudes working according to the micro-throwing principle. Vibration systems indicate the direction of vibration

It has now been found that the arrangement can be changed in a simple manner during operation, the main patent in a simple manner thereby to with no mechanical adjustments on the Change of the direction of oscillation suitable to the pathogen itself must be made; do it is that at least two pairs of such part-20 suffices a change in the electrical quantities of the free by means of this power supply of the vibrator in the direction of oscillation. Advantageously Partial masses of harder, in the perpendicular direction to this, the two partial open mass pairs are arranged in such a way that However, softer feathers attack a partial mass that the main direction of the one alone those in the force field of several force fields generated at an angle to each other perpendicular to the main line Electromagnet systems is arranged at 35 direction of the force soft generated by the other alone the latter is used to set the direction of the field.

magnetic field and thus the direction of oscillation. The magnet systems can consist of two

device exist in a known manner, the electrical magnets arranged opposite. You can-

Values are changeable. nen what for reasons of symmetry arrangement and

A known device for balancing storage is particularly simple, with respect to

Power machines, which according to the wattmetric and the oscillation system of the partial open mass pairs so

Component method works is to be arranged in the for that the direction of action of the

Balancing important degrees of freedom with enough electromagnets and the direction of vibration together.

fall below the lowest balancing speed. The arrangement can, however, also be

Natural frequencies, for example by means of bar springs, 35 are met that the direction of action of the electric

stored and provided with devices that allow for magnets to the direction of oscillation at an angle of

the balancing forms important degrees of freedom from the above 45 °, which is often due to space and space reasons

Isolate or decouple some degrees of freedom. should be appropriate.

The problem there, different vibrations. Especially around the electrical part of the system To insulate against each other is undoubtedly quite a challenge, and to make it small, Electroderes can do it as the problem at hand, namely the arm magnets arranged centrally and one as an anchor working mass only to swing in a single acting frame-like main free mass part around direction to excite. Be given at the known establishment.

Although two levers by a leaf spring are mitein- Should the system be designed so that it is with

connected to the other, but no partial masses. 45 as few individual parts as possible, then

In connection with a method of loading, a partial free mass action is performed for each direction of vibration of substances by means of sound waves, it is provided in a few cases according to the invention. For reasons knows, but it is four electromagnetically excited oscillators around the symmetry and the mass balance an expediently containing the sonic agent to be treated, two sub-spaces for each direction of oscillation to be arranged so that the sound waves of ver 50 pairs of free masses according to the invention to provide the different sides radiated into the sound means opposite each other.

and then come to superposition, where Soll is a straight oscillation with optimal

If the sound generator generates sound waves from the desired direction of impact, then the excitation should be

Ability to generate frequency and amplitude with the same phase or different strengths, depending on

meant to be. 55 the desired angle of the direction of oscillation

Finally, it is done with a device for mechanical to horizontal. The angle of impact of the

niche vibration treatment of a good with a working direction, which is an extraordinary

several at the same mutual distance on part is compared to the previous systems, while

arranged in a circle and thus continuously changed out of phase with the operation of the system

ben excited electromechanical converters that in the 60 and therefore without further ado to the respectively required

Inside the circle a circumferential sound field borrowed optimal value can be set,

stands, it has become known that in two or more, the invention is also very advantageous for allotment

Levels each have a plurality of electromechanical conveyor systems, so-called dosing systems, with the

Converters are arranged in a circle and such dosage by hand or automatically via a

are excited so that in every two adjacent planes 65 changes in the impact angle can be set,

oppositely rotating sound fields arise. '' Further advantages and possible uses

It is through these devices that the invention is known, the drawings and the

the following description, in general for magnetic oscillation. In the

different figures are corresponding parts provided with the same reference numerals. Furthermore, to increase the clarity, all rigid parts and rigid connections are drawn with strong lines and all feathers with thinner lines. It shows

Fig. 1 schematically shows a vibrator for two working directions with one centrally between the magnets arranged main clearance,

2 shows a vibrator with a central magnet system and one arranged around it like a frame Main clearance,

3 shows a vibrator in which the direction of action of the magnets and the direction of vibration form an angle of 45 ° to each other.

The vibrator according to FIG. 1 has a main free mass 1 of square shape, on the four sides of which four electrically excited horseshoe magnets 13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d attack and create directions of vibration excitation ac and bd while maintaining a narrow air gap. In each direction of oscillation 1 leaf springs 9 a, 10 a; 9b, 10b, 9c, 10c; 9 d, IQd attached to levers 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, Sd and are hard in the direction of vibration, but soft in the direction perpendicular to it. The levers are in the pivot points 11a, 12a; 11b, 12b; lic, 12c; lld, lld are linked to the working masses and, if necessary, can also be added by means of the springs Ta, Sa; Tb, 8Z>; 7c, 8c; Td, 8d be supported against the working mass. The storage of the pivot points 11a, 12a; 11b, 12b; lic, 12c; lld, 12d is advantageously carried out in a non-positive manner on the working mass, e.g. B. by means of torsion springs or cross spring joints. The corresponding partial masses 2a, 3a; Ib, 3b; 2c, 3c; Id attached to 3d. The levers described above are connected to one another in pairs by leaf springs 6 a, 6 b, 6 c, 6 d , which are rigid in the direction of oscillation, but are soft perpendicular thereto.

As can be seen without further ado, in such an arrangement the main mass 1 has two degrees of freedom, namely in the directions ac and bd. The system cannot vibrate in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, just as it cannot perform any torsional vibrations, because a rotational movement, for example clockwise, would require a movement of the leaf spring 9 α in direction α and that of the leaf spring 10 α in direction c , but this is prevented by the lever arrangement in connection with the leaf spring 6a.

The resulting movement of the main free mass 1 depends on the size and phase position of the excitation currents of the electromagnets 13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d, with linear oscillations being excited when these currents are in phase and elliptical oscillations are excited with a phase shift.

In the vibrator according to FIG. 2, the magnet systems 14 and 15 are arranged crosswise in the center and surrounded by a frame-like main open space, which consists of the frame beams Ια, Ib, lc and ld which act as an anchor. Otherwise, the structure of the device is similar to that of FIG. 1. It should only be noted that the partial open dimensions 2 a, 3a; 2b, 3b; lc, 3c; 2d, 3d are arranged on very long lever arms 4a, Sa; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, 5d , whereby large oscillations of the partial free masses can be achieved and the latter can be kept small.

In the vibrator according to FIG. 3, the directions of excitation of the magnet pairs 16, 17 are related to the Direction of oscillation at an angle of 45 ^. In addition, with this vibrator is for each direction of vibration only one pair of partial open spaces is provided. Otherwise, the structure is similar to that according to Fig. 1, to which reference is made.

The devices according to the invention can also be operated so that the direction of impact during the operation of the system can be changed according to an adjustable program, e.g. B. by appropriate periodic change in current values.

It is also possible to operate in such a way that the main axes of the oscillation ellipses or Vibration figures can be changed during the operation of the system according to an adjustable program, e.g. B. by corresponding periodic changes in the current values.

Claims (11)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Device for changing the direction of vibration in an arrangement for the exclusive generation of vibrations in a single, but adjustable direction of vibration in electromagnetic vibrators, in which a working mass is connected by means of springs to a free mass consisting of several parts, which is excited to vibrate relative to the working mass and at which the parts of the free mass can be tilted about axes running perpendicular to the working direction, the partial masses at or near points of great oscillation amplitude being connected by springs, preferably leaf springs, which are soft in the direction corresponding to the connecting line of the two bearing axes, but in both perpendicular to directions lying hard are according to Patent 1,098,751, characterized in that at least two pairs of such part free mass (2a, 3a; 2 b, 3 b; 2 c, c 3; 2 d, 3 d) means in the direction of oscillation these partial masses harder, in the vertical Ri attention to this, however, soft springs (9a, 10a; 9b, 10b; 9c, 10c; 9d, 10 d) attack a partial mass (1) which is arranged in the force field of several electromagnetic systems (13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d, 14, 15, 16, 17) arranged at an angle to one another, in which the latter for Setting the direction of the magnetic field and thus the direction of oscillation in a manner known per se, the electrical values can be changed. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by such an arrangement of the two magnet systems (13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d, 14,15,16, 17) that the main direction of the force field generated by the one alone is perpendicular to the Main direction of the force field generated by the other alone. 3. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each electromagnetic system consists of two magnets arranged opposite one another (13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d) . 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the electromagnetic systems (13 α, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d, 14,15) with respect to the oscillation system of the partial open mass pairs (2 a, 3 a; 2 b, 3b; 2c , 3c; 2d, 3d) are arranged so that we direction of movement of the electromagnets and direction of vibration coincide. 5. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the electromagnetic systems (16, 17) with respect to the oscillation system of the partial open mass pairs (2a, 3a; 2b, 3b) are arranged so that the direction of action of the electromagnets to the direction of oscillation is an angle of 45 ° forms. 6. Device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electromagnets (14, 15) are arranged centrally and surrounded by a frame-like main mass part (la, lb, lc, id) acting as an anchor. 7. Device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for each direction of oscillation a partial open mass pair is provided. 8. Device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for each direction of oscillation two partial open mass pairs are provided, which are opposite each other. 9. Device according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the electromagnetic Vibration exciter to generate straight vibrations with an optimal direction of impact, in a manner known per se with the same Phase are excited. 10. Device according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that with metering systems the dosage can be adjusted manually or automatically by changing the impact angle. 11. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the direction of impact can be changed during operation of the system according to an adjustable program is e.g. B. by changing the current values accordingly. Considered publications:
German patent specifications No. 657 653, 760 775,
239; German utility model No. 1 764 850;
German patent application S 21674 IX / 42 s. 1 sheet of drawings © 109 759/121 1.62