DE1112315B - Optical device for ultracentrifugation to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption method - Google Patents

Optical device for ultracentrifugation to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption method

Info

Publication number
DE1112315B
DE1112315B DEP21574A DEP0021574A DE1112315B DE 1112315 B DE1112315 B DE 1112315B DE P21574 A DEP21574 A DE P21574A DE P0021574 A DEP0021574 A DE P0021574A DE 1112315 B DE1112315 B DE 1112315B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
molecular weight
optical device
weight according
ultracentrifuges
absorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEP21574A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dipl-Math Dietrich Stams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phywe AG
Original Assignee
Phywe AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phywe AG filed Critical Phywe AG
Priority to DEP21574A priority Critical patent/DE1112315B/en
Publication of DE1112315B publication Critical patent/DE1112315B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/04Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/042Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions by centrifuging and investigating centrifugates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04BCENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0407Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles

Description

Optische Einrichtung für Ultrazentrifugen zur Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts nach dem Absorptionsverfahren Zur Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts mittels der bekannten Svedberg-Formel ist neben der Kenntnis der Sedimentationskonstanten die der Diffusionskonstanten erforderlich. Die Bestimmung der Sedimentationskonstanten geschieht mittels der Ultra zentrifuge, während die der Diffusionskonstanten in einer besonderen Apparatur geschieht. Es sind Anordnungen bekannt, in welchen ein Teil der zur Bestimmung der Sedimentationskonstanten notwendigen Optik auch für die Bestimmung der Diffusionskonstanten ausgenutzt wird. Bei diesen Anordnungen werden Strahlengänge nach Philpot-Svensson verwendet.Optical device for ultracentrifuges to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption method To determine the molecular weight by means of the known In addition to the knowledge of the sedimentation constants, Svedberg's formula is that of the diffusion constants necessary. The sedimentation constants are determined using the Ultra centrifuge, while the diffusion constant in a special apparatus happens. Arrangements are known in which a part of the determination of the Sedimentation constants necessary optics also for the determination of the diffusion constants is exploited. With these arrangements, beam paths according to Philpot-Svensson used.

In jüngster Zeit wird in der Ultrazentrifuge für die Bestimmung der Sedimentationskonstanten eine optische Anordnung verwendet, mittels welcher der Absorptionsverlauf in der Meßzelle zur Ermittlung der Sedimentationskonstanten verwendet wird. Die gleiche optische Anordnung kann auch für die Bestimmung von Diffusionskonstanten verwendet werden. Recently it is used in the ultracentrifuge for the determination of the Sedimentation constants used an optical arrangement by means of which the Absorption curve used in the measuring cell to determine the sedimentation constant will. The same optical arrangement can also be used for the determination of diffusion constants be used.

Bei dieser Meßmethode bietet sich die Möglichkeit, für die Messung von Sedimentationskonstanten und Diffusionskonstanten denselben optischen Strahlengang zu verwenden, indem gemäß der Erfindung die Meßzellen für die Durchführung der Diffusionsmessung und diejenige für die Durchführung der Sedimentationsmessung in demselben Strahlengang hintereinander angeordnet sind. Das hat den großen Vorteil, daß beide Größen in ein und derselben Apparatur bestimmt werden, also genau gleichen Versuchsbedingungen unterliegen. Es werden also in derselben Apparatur nacheinander die Diffusions- und die Sedimentationskonstanten gemessen. This measuring method offers the possibility for the measurement of sedimentation constants and diffusion constants the same optical beam path to be used by, according to the invention, the measuring cells for carrying out the diffusion measurement and the one for performing the sedimentation measurement in the same beam path are arranged one behind the other. This has the great advantage that both sizes are in one and the same apparatus can be determined, i.e. exactly the same test conditions subject. The diffusion- and the sedimentation constants were measured.

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung geht aus von einer Optik der Ultrazentrifuge, wie sie zur Absorptionsmessung benötigt wird. Eine Lichtquellel (Fig. 1) beleuchtet über ein Kondensatorsystem 2 die Meßzelle 3 im Zentrifugenrotor 4 gleichmäßig, und die Meßzelle 3 wird durch ein optisches System 5 auf die Meßebene 8 abgebildet. Dieser Strahlengang wird nun erfindungsgemäß so abgeändert, daß (Fig. 2) die Lichtquelle 1 mittels des Kondensorsystems 2 die Diffusionsmeßzelle 6 gleichmäßig ausleuchtet. Diese wird nach der Erfindung durch das optische System 7 in die Meßzelle 3 verkleinert abgebildet und wiederum durch das optische System 5 auf die Meßebene 8 projiziert. The object of the invention is based on an optics of the ultracentrifuge, as it is needed for the absorption measurement. A light source (Fig. 1) is illuminated The measuring cell 3 in the centrifuge rotor 4 uniformly via a capacitor system 2, and the measuring cell 3 is mapped onto the measuring plane 8 by an optical system 5. This beam path is now modified according to the invention so that (Fig. 2) the light source 1 uniformly illuminates the diffusion measuring cell 6 by means of the condenser system 2. According to the invention, this is reduced into the measuring cell 3 by the optical system 7 and in turn projected onto the measuring plane 8 by the optical system 5.

In der Ebene der Diffusionszelle läßt sich wahlweise ein Absorptionsnormal, z. B. ein Graukeil, anbringen, der dann ebenfalls in der Meßebene 8 abgebildet wird. Diese Möglichkeit ist besonders dann von Bedeutung, wenn die Absorptionskurven photographisch aufgenommen und ausgewertet werden sollen. Die Aufnahme des Absorptionsnormals gestattet dann die exakte Ermittlung der Schwärzungskurve der verwendeten Photoplatte. In the plane of the diffusion cell, an absorption standard can optionally be used, z. B. attach a gray wedge, which is then also shown in the measuring plane 8. This possibility is special then of importance when the absorption curves are photographic should be recorded and evaluated. The recording of the absorption standard is permitted then the exact determination of the blackening curve of the photographic plate used.

Claims (4)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Optische Einrichtung für Ultrazentrifugen zur Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts nach dem Absorptionsverfahren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßzellen für die Durchführung der Diffusionsmessung und diejenige für die Durchführung der Sedimentationsmessung in demselben Strahlengang hintereinander angeordnet sind. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Optical device for ultracentrifuges for Determination of the molecular weight according to the absorption method, characterized in that that the measuring cells for the implementation of the diffusion measurement and that for the Carrying out the sedimentation measurement in the same beam path one after the other are arranged. 2. Optische Einrichtung für Ultrazentrifugen zur Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts nach dem Absorptionsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die beiden Meßzellen in optisch zueinander konjugierten Ebenen befinden. 2. Optical device for ultracentrifuges to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption process according to claim 1, characterized in that the two measuring cells are in planes that are optically conjugate to one another. 3. Optische Einrichtung für Ultrazentrifugen zur Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts nach dem Absorptionsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden konjugierten Ebenen auf dieselbe Bildebene abgebildet sind. 3. Optical device for ultracentrifuges to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption process according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the two conjugate planes mapped to the same image plane are. 4. Optische Einrichtung für Ultrazentrifugen zur Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts nach dem Absorptionsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Ebene einer der beiden Meßzellen, vorzugsweise in der der Diffusionszelle, ein Absorptionsnormal, z. B. ein Graukeil, angeordnet ist. . 4. Optical device for ultracentrifuges to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption process according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the plane of one of the two measuring cells, preferably in the Diffusion cell, an absorption standard, e.g. B. a gray wedge is arranged. . In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Physik der Hochpolymeren, Bd. 2, 1953, S. 449; Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik, Bd. 24, 1952, Publications considered: Physics of High Polymers, Vol. 2, 1953, p. 449; Chemical engineering technology, Vol. 24, 1952,
DEP21574A 1958-10-22 1958-10-22 Optical device for ultracentrifugation to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption method Pending DE1112315B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP21574A DE1112315B (en) 1958-10-22 1958-10-22 Optical device for ultracentrifugation to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP21574A DE1112315B (en) 1958-10-22 1958-10-22 Optical device for ultracentrifugation to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1112315B true DE1112315B (en) 1961-08-03

Family

ID=7368329

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEP21574A Pending DE1112315B (en) 1958-10-22 1958-10-22 Optical device for ultracentrifugation to determine the molecular weight according to the absorption method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1112315B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1498618B1 (en) * 1956-03-14 1971-06-09 Beckman Instruments Inc Laboratory centrifuge

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1498618B1 (en) * 1956-03-14 1971-06-09 Beckman Instruments Inc Laboratory centrifuge

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