DE102498C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus and machines.

Patented in the German Empire on July 3, 1898.

The present invention is a dynamo machine, which is twofold Arrangements for field excitation and induction are combined and thereby is able to to generate direct current and alternating current at the same time or simultaneously using both types of current to be operated as a motor or as a motor-generator a type of current into the to convert others. The works as a direct current generator or direct current motor Machine in the usual way with collector and brushes, as an alternating current generator or AC motor with short-circuit armature; the two different effects are brought about by a common anchor and a common field armature , which the latter is excited simultaneously with direct current and alternating current.

The arrangements by which the combined effect is obtained are as follows Examples described:

In Fig. Ι F represents the field armature and A represents the armature. The field armature is wound with two groups of coils. The field coils from S ₁ to J ₈ are connected with four following poles (at J ₂ J ₃ , J ₄ J ₅ , J ₆ J ₇ and J ₈ J ₁ ) and form - as the arrows indicating the magnetic force flow show - a four-pole one Field. These coils in the designated order take up the current C _a ; According to the present example, this is a simple alternating current which is taken from a transformer T and fed into the field winding _{at J 1 and J 8.}

The field coils from J ₉ to J _20, on the other hand, are connected in such a way that they only have two following poles (for J ₉ J ₀₀ and J ₁₄ J ₁₅ ) and form a two-pole field. These coils are direct current C _e, for example from a battery B _e at J ₉ respectively. J ₂₀ supplied.

Given the fact that the two fields have different numbers of poles (in example 4 and 2), the electromotive forces mutually induced in their windings or coils will cancel each other out, so that the sum of them in a group is zero, as is the case Hand of Fig. Ι shows. Accordingly, there will be no induction effect from one coil group to the other, despite the fact that the coil groups J ₁ to J ₈ and J ₉ to J _{20 have} a common field armature and in some places common trajectories of force lines. By the described arrangement, it is loaned so mos by currents of different kinds passes through two different coil groups connected to energize in a field at the same time fitting .zweierlei magnetic fields without a DAF the other interferes with or compromised. In Fig. 1 the coil groups are connected in such a way that a four-pole alternating field and a two-pole constant field are produced.

Analogously, instead of a changing field, a rotating field can also be used simultaneously with the con-

constant fields are generated if a polyphase alternating current is used instead of the exciting simple alternating current C _a; This results in the combination of a rotating constant field with a fixed constant field, which likewise exert no induction effect on one another, "as long as the number of their poles is different.

It is clear that, according to the arrangements described, the various excitations of one Armature can also be produced successively instead of at the same time, in which Trap for alternating DC-AC excitation also common Field coils can be used with appropriate switching to different numbers of poles.

FIG. 2 serves as an example of how the switchover from direct current excitation to alternating current excitation with different numbers of poles can be achieved; the coils can therefore be connected in two poles in a row S ₁ to S ₈ and connected to a direct current source, e.g. B. a battery B, and on the other hand in two rows 5 ₄ _ ₅ to S ₁ _ _{s are connected} four-pole with an alternating current source (a transformer T) . Either the one or the other connection is established by the corresponding left or right position of the triple lever in the switch U.

It is also possible, with a single field winding, to excite the field armature by both types of current at the same time, by switching the field coils for one and the other type of current to different numbers of currents. This is done, as shown in FIG. 3, in such a way that the two-pole series of coils S ₁ to S _{s are} connected to a direct current source B and at the same time an alternating current line is connected at the points of equal potential S _{4, 5} and b _s. The direct current flows through the coils in a row and excites a two-pole constant field, while at the same time the alternating current, unaffected by the direct current, surrounds the field armature in two branch circuits and excites a four-pole alternating field.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the solid arrow lines mean that by direct current excited and the broken solid arrow lines excited by alternating current magnetic frictional connection.

. The armature A, which appears in Fig. 1 as a drum armature, but can also be manufactured as a ring armature, is provided with a winding which, like the field coils, are connected to two different groups for four and two poles. According to FIG. 1, the individual wires or rods t are connected in a certain row in groups of four (e.g. J ₁ t ₈ i ₁₅ and t ₂₂ ) and form a number of short-circuited four-wire turns with regard to the four-pole Alternating field; On the other hand, the equipotential points 1 and 1 ', 2 and 2' etc., which are equipotential with regard to the four-pole field, are connected to each other or to a circuit in such a way that the current flowing from 1 to 1 ', from 2 to 2' etc. is each two-pole Bring out anchor field. If one now connects the equipotential points with each other and with the sectors of a collector in the specific order, as in the well-known drum winding of dynamo machines - in Fig. 1 one after the other! '- 3 - ■}' - $ - 5 '- / - 7 '" ^2-2 '" 4 - 4'-6 - 6'-1 - and if you apply brushes to the collector at the appropriate points, the armature with the circuit just described forms a direct current armature of the usual type, which in the two-pole constant fields generate direct current or, fed by direct current, can form a two-pole armature field. In FIG. 1, the collector brushes are shown connected to the supply lines of a direct current source C _c , for example a battery B _c .

If you now excite one four-pole from the two wraps of the field armature with alternating current, the other two-pole with direct current, the rotating armature can fulfilling two different functions at the same time or alternately; it can be used as a short-circuit anchor produce a torque and give off motor power or, if it is at a speed greater than the synchronous speed is obtained in rotation, generate alternating current in the field winding; but he can also have one between the brushes Generate continuous electromotive force and generate direct current or, if through the brushes into the anchor. Direct current is introduced, with the constant field of the Produce a torque and a force effect. The double function is - as already shown above ■ - ■ without mutual disturbance also at the same time one can regulate each of the two functions without influencing the other.

With this arrangement the machine is able to

Simultaneous or alternating direct current and alternating current (single or multi-phase) to create; or

simultaneously or alternately by direct current and by 'single or multi-phase Alternating current operated as a motor to express force effects; or

on the one hand as a motor, on the other hand to work as a generator and thus as a converter or

polyphase alternating current in direct current respectively. Direct current in single or multi-phase alternating current to convert.

In this converter the voltage of the secondary current is different from that of the primary current not dependent. For the voltage of the generated direct current, the The number of turns of the armature must be decisive, which, however, takes into account the function is of no importance as an induction motor, in that the armature winding is used short-circuited for the latter function.

In the examples and representations described, there are four and four for the alternating field two poles have been assumed for the constant field, but can of course also other numbers of poles can be used instead of two and four. The combination described and their double action is possible if for the exciting direct current any even number of poles and any even number for the exciting alternating current, from that different number of poles is chosen. The constant field can be a have a smaller number of poles than the alternating field or vice versa.

In the examples described, the arrangement is chosen so that the field fitting is fixed and the armature rotates, but under certain circumstances the arrangement can also be reversed. The same applies to the type of wrapping and the position of the walls and coils on the, field armature and the armature, their number, construction and form are irrelevant; the same applies to the construction of Dynamo machines and electric motors known rules.

Claims (4)

Patent Claims: i. A method for the combined excitation of magnetic fields by direct current and by single or multi-phase alternating current, characterized in that a field fitting is provided with two windings, one of which is for a specific one. Number of poles switched the direct current and the other for one of those different number of poles switched takes up the alternating current, or that only a field winding with a corresponding one Circuit for a certain number of poles one type of current and with another circuit for one of that different number of poles takes up the other type of current and of this kind in one common field armature, a constant and an alternating one, independent of one another respectively rotating field with different numbers of poles can be generated simultaneously or alternately. 2. A combined power generator, consisting of a field armature, in which after Claim i, excited by direct current and by single or multi-phase alternating current, a constant and an alternating resp. rotating field of different Pole number are caused, and from an armature, which is connected with such a type Winding is provided that the turns or coils on the one hand short-circuited circuits with the Alternating fields corresponding to the number of poles and on the other hand with the lamellae of a collector Circuits connected in series with the number of poles corresponding to the constant field form, so that upon rotation of the anchor in the combined field with a greater than the synchronous speed from the excited by alternating current inductive field coils single or multi-phase alternating current and direct current from the collector simultaneously or alternately can be won. 3. A combined electric motor, consisting of one according to claim 1 by direct current and alternating current excited field armature and connected from a wound and combined according to claim 2 Armature, in which electric motor when direct current is introduced into the collector of the armature and of single or multi-phase alternating current in the relevant Field winding through both types of electricity at the same time or through one and the other Type of current alternating torques are generated for the force effect. 4. An asynchronous converter consisting of one according to claim r by direct current and alternating current excited field armature and from an armature wound and combined according to claim 2, which the latter, set in rotation as a short-circuit anchor, from the collector direct current or as a direct current armature with a speed greater than the synchronous speed set in rotation emits single or multi-phase alternating currents from the alternating current field coils, therefore either Alternating currents transformed into direct currents or direct currents into alternating currents. 1 sheet of drawings.