DE10239275A1 - Monocyclopentadienyl complex for catalyst system for polymerization of olefin useful for the production of films, fibers, and moldings, includes cyclopentadienyl system bearing uncharged donor bound via boron-containing bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

A monocyclopentadienyl complex comprises a cyclopentadienyl system bearing an uncharged donor bound via a boron-containing bridge, and having atoms of group 15 and/or 16 and is bound to titanium in the oxidation state 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten. Independent claims are also included for: (a) a catalyst system for olefin polymerization, comprising a monocyclopentadienyl complex, and optionally an (in)organic support, activating compounds, catalysts, or metal compounds of group 1, 2 or 13; and (b) a prepolymerized catalyst system comprising a catalyst system and 2-10C-1-alkenes in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-1:1000.

Description

The present invention relates to Monocyclopentadienyl complexes, in which the cyclopentadienyl system at least one over a bridge containing boron bound neutral donor and a catalyst system containing at least one of the monocyclopentadienyl complexes.

The invention also relates to the use of the catalyst system for polymerization or copolymerization of olefins and a process for producing polyolefins by polymerization or copolymerization of olefins in the presence of the catalyst system and thus available polymers.

Many of the catalysts which are used for the polymerization of α-olefins are based on immobilized chromium oxides (see, for example, Kirk-Othmer, “Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology”, 1981, vol. 16, p. 402). These generally give ethylene homo - and copolymers with high molecular weights, but are relatively insensitive to hydrogen and therefore do not allow easy control of the molecular weight. In contrast, by using bis (cyclopentadienyl) - ( US 3,709,853 ), Bis (indenyl) - or bis (fluorenyl) chromium ( US 4,015,059 ), which is applied to an inorganic, oxidic carrier, easily control the molecular weight of polyethylene by adding hydrogen.

As with the Ziegler-Natta systems, has recently been looking for chromium compounds for catalyst systems with a uniformly defined, active Center, so-called single-site catalysts. Through targeted variation of the ligand framework should activity, Copolymerization behavior of the catalyst and the properties of the polymers thus obtained can be easily changed.

So be in EP 0742 046 claimed the so-called constrained geometry complexes of subgroup 6, a special process for their preparation (via metal tetraamides), and a process for the production of a polyolefin in the presence of such catalysts. Polymerization examples are not included. The ligand framework consists of an anionic donor linked to a cyclopentadienyl residue.

By K.N. Theopold et al. is in Organomet. 1996, 15, 5284-5286, an analogous {[(tert-butylamido) dimethylsilyl] (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)} chromium chloride Complex for describes the polymerization of olefins. This complex polymerizes selectively ethylene. Neither comonomers, e.g. Witches are built in, yet propene can be polymerized.

This disadvantage can be overcome by using structurally very similar systems. So describes DE 197 10615 Donor ligand-substituted monocyclopentadienyl chromium compounds with which, for example, propene can also be polymerized. The donor here is from the 15th group and neutral. The donor is attached to the cyclopentadienyl ring via a (ZR ₂ ) _n fragment, where R is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl, Z is an atom of the 14th group and n? 1 is. In DE 196 30 580 are specifically claimed Z = carbon in combination with an amine donor.

WO 96/13529 describes reduced transition metal complexes of groups 4 to 6 of the periodic table with multidentate monoanionic Ligands described. This includes also cyclopentadienyl ligands that contain a donor function. Limit the examples on titanium compounds.

There are now also ligand systems in which the donor group is rigidly linked to the cyclopentadienyl radical. Such ligand systems and their metal complexes are e.g. from P. Jutzi and U. Siemeling in J. Orgmet. Chem. (1995), 500, 175-185, Section 3 summarized. M. Enders et. al. describe in Chem. Ber. (1996), 129, 459-463 8-Quinolyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl ligands and their titanium and zirconium trichloride complexes. 2-picolyl cyclopentadienyltitanium trichloride in combination with MAO was developed by M. Blais, J. Chien and M. Rausch in Organomet. (1998), 17 (17) 3775-3783 for the polymerization of olefins used.

In WO 00/35928 among others Metallocene complexes with an over a bridge containing boron bonded donor with a central metal of groups 4, 5 or 6 disclosed. Examples containing neutral donors are not described.

The invention was based on the object further transition metal complexes based on cyclopentadienyl ligands with a bridged donor to find that for the polymerization of olefins are suitable.

Accordingly, monocyclopentadienyl complexes found, wherein the cyclopentadienyl system at least one via one Bridge containing boron bound neutral donor containing one or more atoms of the Group 15 and / or 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, carries and on a metal selected from the group of titanium in the oxidation state 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten is bound.

Neutral functional groups which contain an element of the 15th or 16th group of the periodic table, for example amine, imine, carboxamide, carboxylic acid ester, ketone (oxo), ether, thioketone, are used as donors. Phosphine, phosphite, phosphine oxide, sulfonyl, sulfonamide, or unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heterocyclic ring systems. Neutral donor herein means that the donor is not charged.

wobei
L^1B unahängig voneinander Kohlenstoff oder Silizium bedeutet,
R^1B-R^6B unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl, Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest oder SiR^7B ₃ bedeutet, wobei die organischen Reste R^{1 B}-R^6B auch durch Halogene substituiert sein können und je zwei geminale oder vicinale Reste R^{1 B}-R^6B auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können und
R^7B unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl oder Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest bedeutet und je zwei Reste R^7B auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können,
u 1, 2 oder 3
A eine neutrale Donorgruppe enthaltend ein oder mehrere Atome der Gruppe 15 und/oder 16 des Periodensystems der Elemente, bevorzugt ein unsubstituiertes, substituiertes oder kondensiertes, heteroaromatisches Ringsystem,
M ein Metall ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Titan in der Oxidationsstufe 3, Vanadium, Chrom, Molybdän und Wolfram und
m 1, 2 oder 3 ist.Monocyclopentadienyl complexes are preferred which contain the following structural feature of the general formula (Cp) (- ZA) _m M (I), in which the variables have the following meaning:
Cp a cyclopentadienyl system,
Z is a divalent bridge between A and Cp selected from the following group

in which
L ^1B independently of one another means carbon or silicon,
R ^1B -R ^6B independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^7B ₃ , where the organic radicals R ^{1 B} -R ^{6B can} also be substituted by halogens and two geminal or vicinal radicals R ^{1 B} -R ^{6B can} also be linked to form a five- or six-membered ring and
R ^7B independently of one another is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl or alkylaryl having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two R ^7B radicals can also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring,
u 1, 2 or 3
A is a neutral donor group containing one or more atoms of group 15 and / or 16 of the periodic table of the elements, preferably an unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heteroaromatic ring system,
M is a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium in oxidation state 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten and
m is 1, 2 or 3.

Furthermore, a catalyst system containing the inventive Monocyclopentadienyl complexes, the use of the monocyclopentadienyl complexes or the catalyst system for polymerization or copolymerization of olefins and a process for producing polyolefins by polymerization or copolymerization of olefins in the presence the monocyclopentadienyl complex or the catalyst system and available from it Polymers found.

The monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention contain the structural element of the general formula (Cp) (- ZA) _m M (I), the variables having the meaning given above. Additional ligands may therefore also be bound to the metal atom M. The number of other ligands depends, for example, on the oxidation state of the metal atom. Other cyclopentadienyl systems are not suitable as ligands. Mono- and dianionic ligands such as those described for X are suitable. In addition, Lewis bases such as, for example, amines, ethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, sulfides or phosphines can also be bound to the metal center M.

worin die Variablen folgende Bedeutung besitzen:
E^1A-E^5A Kohlenstoff oder maximal ein E^1A bis E^5A Phosphor,
R^1A-R^5A unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff C₁-C₂₀ Alkyl C₂-C₂₀ Alkenyl C₆-C₂₀ Aryl, Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest, NR^6A ₂, N SiR^6A ₃)₂, OR^{6 A}, OSiR^6A ₃, SiR^6A ₃, BR^6A ₂, wobei die organischen Reste R^1A-R^5A auch durch Halogene substituiert sein können und je zwei vicinale Reste R^1A-R^5A auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können, und/oder dass zwei vicinale Reste R^1A-R^5A zu einem Heterocyclus verbunden sind, welcher mindestens ein Atom aus der Gruppe N, P,O oder S enthält, wobei 1, 2 oder 3, bevorzugt 1 Substituent R^1A-R^5A eine Gruppe -Z-A ist und
R^6A unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl, Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest und je zwei geminale Reste R^6A auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können.Cp is a cyclopentadienyl system which can be substituted as desired and / or can be condensed with one or more aromatic, aliphatic, heterocyclic or else heteroaromatic rings, 1, 2 or 3 substituents, preferably 1 substituent, being formed by the group -ZA. The cyclopentadienyl backbone itself is a C ₅ ring system with 6 n electrons, it being possible for one of the carbon atoms to be replaced by nitrogen or phosphorus, preferably phosphorus. C ₅ ring systems are preferably used without replacement by a heteroatom. A heteroaromatic which contains at least one atom from the group N, P, O or S or an aromatic may be fused to this cyclopentadienyl backbone, for example. Fused in here means that the heterocycle and the cyclopentadienyl backbone have two atoms, preferably carbon atoms, in common. Cyclopentadienyl systems Cp from For mel (II)

where the variables have the following meaning:
E ^1A -E ^5A carbon or a maximum of E ^1A to E ^5A phosphorus,
R ^1A -R ^5A independently of one another hydrogen C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical, NR ^6A ₂ , N SiR ^6A ₃ ) ₂ , OR ^{6 A} , OSiR ^6A ₃ , SiR ^6A ₃ , BR ^6A ₂ , where the organic radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A can} also be substituted by halogens and two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^5A as well can be connected to a five- or six-membered ring, and / or that two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A are connected} to a heterocycle which contains at least one atom from the group N, P, O or S, where 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 substituent R ^1A -R ^{5A is} a group -ZA and
R ^6A independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two geminal R ^6A residues can also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring.

In preferred cyclopentadienyl systems Cp, all E ^1A to E ^{5A are} carbon.

Two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^5A can each form a heterocycle, preferably heteroaromatic, with the E ^1A -E ^5A carrying them, which has at least one atom from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen and / or sulfur, particularly preferably nitrogen and / or Contains sulfur, the E ^1A -E ^5A contained in the heterocycle or heteroaromatics preferably being carbons. Heterocycles and heteroaromatics with a ring size of 5 or 6 ring atoms are preferred. Examples of 5-ring heterocycles which, in addition to carbon atoms, may contain one to four nitrogen atoms and / or a sulfur or oxygen atom as ring members, are 1,2-dihydrofuran, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, isoxazole, 3-isothiazole, pyrazole, oxazole, Thiazole, imidazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-triazole or 1,2,4-triazole. Examples of 6-membered heteroaryl groups which may contain one to four nitrogen atoms and / or a phosphorus atom are pyridine, phosphabenzene, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine or 1,2 , 3-triazine. The 5-ring and 6-ring heterocycles can also be substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-10 C atoms in the aryl radical, trialkylsilyl or halogens, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, dialkylamide, alkylarylamide, diarylamide, alkoxy or aryloxy, can be substituted or condensed with one or more aromatics or heteroaromatics. Examples of benzo-fused 5-membered heteroaryl groups are indole, indazole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzothiazole, benzoxazole or benzimidazole. Examples of benzo-fused 6-membered heteroaryl groups are chroman, benzopyran, quinoline, isoquinoline, cinnoline, phthalazine, quinazoline, quinoxaline, 1,10-phenanthroline or quinolizine. The name and numbering of the heterocycles was derived from Lettau, Chemie der Heterocyclen, 1.

Edition, VEB, Weinheim 1979 taken. The heterocycles / heteroaromatics with the cyclopentadienyl backbone are preferably via one C-C double bond of the heterocycle / heteroaromatic condensed. Heterocycles / heteroaromatics 2,3- or b- are preferably fused with a heteroatom.

Cyclopentadienyl systems Cp with one condensed heterocycle are, for example, thiapentals, 2-methylthiapentals, 2-ethylthiapentals, 2-isopropylthiapentals, 2-n-butylthiapentals, 2-tert-butylthiapentals, 2-trimethylsilylthiapentals, 2-phenylthiapentals, 2-naphthylthiapentalene, 3-methylthiopentalene, 4-phenyl-2,6-dimethyl-1-thiopentalene, 4-phenyl-2,6-diethyl-1-thiopentalen, 4-phenyl-2,6-diisopropyl-1-thiopentalene, 4-phenyl-2,6-di-n-butyl-1-thiopentalene, 4-phenyl-2,6-di-trimethylsilyl-1-thiopentalen, Azapentals, 2-methylapentals, 2-ethylapentals, 2-isopropylapentals, 2-n-butyl azapentals, 2-trimethylsilylazapentals, 2-phenyl azapentals, 2-naphthylazapentalen, 1-phenyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-azapentalen, 1-phenyl-2,5-diethyl-1-azapentalen, 1-phenyl-2,5-di-n-butyl-1-azapentalene, 1-phenyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl-1-azapentalene, 1- 'phenyl-2,5-di-trimethylsilyl-1-azapentalene, 1-tert-butyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-azapentalene, Oxapentals, phosphapentals, 1-phenyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-phosphapentals, 1-phenyl-2,5-diethyl-1-phosphapentalene, 1-phenyl-2,5-di-n-butyl-1-phosphapentalene, 1-phenyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl-1-phosphapentalene, 1-phenyl-2,5-di-trimethylsilyl-1-phosphapentalene, 1-methyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-phosphapentalene, 1-tert-butyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-phosphapentalene, 7-Cyclopenta [1,2] thiophene [3,4] cyclopentadienes or 7-Cyclopenta [1,2] pyrrole [3,4] cyclopentadienes.

In further preferred cyclopentadienyl systems Cp, four of the radicals R ^1A -R ^5A , that is to say twice two vicinal radicals together, form two heterocycles, in particular heteroaromatic compounds. The heterocyclic systems are the same as detailed above. Cyclopentadienyl systems Cp with two condensed heterocycles are, for example, 7-cyclopentadithiophene, 7-cyclopentadipyrrole or 7-cyclopentadiphosphole.

The synthesis of such cyclopentadienyl systems with condensed heterocycle is for example in the input mentioned WO 98/22486. In "metalorganic catalysts for synthesis and polymerisation ", Springer Verlag 1999, by Ewen et al., Pp. 150 ff describes further syntheses of these cyclopentadienyl systems.

By varying the substituents R ^1A -R ^5A , the polymerization behavior of the metal complexes can also be influenced. The accessibility of the metal atom M for the olefins to be polymerized can be influenced by the number and type of the substituents. It is thus possible to modify the activity and selectivity of the catalyst with regard to various monomers, in particular sterically demanding monomers. Since the substituents can also influence the rate of termination reactions of the growing polymer chain, the molecular weight of the resulting polymers can also be changed as a result. The chemical structure of the substituents R ^1A to R ^5A can therefore be varied within a wide range in order to achieve the desired results and to obtain a tailor-made catalyst system. Examples of suitable C-organic substituents R ^1A -R ^5A are as follows: C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, where the alkyl can be linear or branched, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl , iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl, which in turn is a C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl group can carry as a substituent, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane or cyclododecane, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, where the alkenyl can be linear, cyclic or branched and the double bond can be internal or terminal, such as vinyl, 1-allyl, 2-allyl, 3-allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclooctenyl or cyclooctadienyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, the aryl radical being substituted by further alkyl groups may be substituted, such as, for example, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- or 2,6-dimethylphenyl, 2,3, 4-, 2,3,5 -, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl, or arylalkyl, where the arylalkyl can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as benzyl, o- , m-, p-Methylbenzyl, 1- or 2-ethylphenyl, where optionally two R ^1A to R ^{6A may also be connected} to form a 5- or 6-membered ring and the organic radicals R ^1A -R ^5A also by halogens, such as for example fluorine, chlorine or bromine can be substituted. Furthermore, R ^1A -R ^{5A can be} amino or alkoxyl, such as, for example, dimethylamio, N-pyrolidinyl, picolinyl, methoxy, ethoxy or isopropoxy. Suitable Si-organic substituents SiR ^6A ₃ for R ^{6A are} the same radicals as detailed above for R ^1A -R ^5A , it also being possible for two R ^6A to be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, such as e.g. trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, butyldimethylsilyl, tributylsilyl, Tritert.butylsilyl, triallylsilyl, triphenylsilyl or dimethylphenylsilyl. These SiR ^6A ₃ residues can also be bonded to the cyclopentadienyl backbone via an oxygen or nitrogen, such as, for example, trimethylsilyloxy, triethylsilyloxy, butyldimethylsilyloxy, tributylsilyloxy or Tritert.butylsilyloxy. R ^1A -R ^SA are preferably hydrogen, methyl ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl tert-butyl n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, vinyl, Allyl, benzyl, phenyl, ortho dialkyl or dichloro substituted phenyls, trialkyl or trichloro substituted phenyls, naphthyl, biphenyl and anthranyl. Particularly suitable Si-organic substituents are trialkylsilyl groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, in particular trimethylsilyl groups.

Examples of such cyclopentadienyl systems (without group -Z-A-, this is preferably in the 1 position) are 3-methylcyclopentadienyl, 3-ethylcyclopentadienyl, 3-isopropylcyclopentadienyl, 3-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl, Di-, such as Tetrahydroindenyl, 2,4-dimethylcyclopentadienyl or 3-methyl-5-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl, tri- such as e.g. 2,3,5-trimethylcyclopentadienyl or tetraalkylcyclopentadienyl, e.g. 2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopentadienyl.

Furthermore, compounds in which two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A form} a cyclic condensed ring system are preferred, ie together with the E ^1A -E ^5A -, preferably a C ₅ -cyclopentadienyl backbone, for example an unsubstituted or substituted indenyl, Form benzindenyl, phenantrenyl, fluorenyl or tetrahydroindenyl system, such as indenyl, 2-methylindenyl, 2-ethylindenyl, 2-isopropylindenyl, 3-methylindenyl, benzindenyl or 2-methylbenzindenyl.

The condensed ring system can be further C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the Aryl radical, NR ^6A ₂ , N (SiR ^6A 3) ₂ , OR ^6A , OSiR ^6A ₃ or SiR ^6A ₃ , such as 4-methylindenyl, 4-ethylindenyl, 4-isopropylindenyl, 5-methylindenyl, 4-phenylindenyl, 5- Methyl-4-phenylindenyl, 2-methyl-4-phenylindenyl or 4-naphthylindenyl.

Preferred substituents R ^1A -R ^5A which do not form -ZA are the corganic substituents described above and the C-organic substituents which form a cyclic condensed ring system, and in particular their preferred embodiments.

m can be 1, 2 or 3, ie 1, 2 or 3 radicals R ^1A -R ^5A are -ZA, where in the presence of 2 or 3 -ZA residues, these can be the same or different. Preferably only one of the radicals R ^1A -R ^5A is -ZA (m = 1).

As with the metallocenes, the monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention can be chiral. On the one hand, one of the substituents R ^1A -R ^{5A of} the cyclopentadienyl skeleton can have one or more chiral centers, or the cyclopentadienyl system Cp itself can be enantiotopic, so that chirality is only induced by its binding to the transition metal M (to the formalism of Chirality in cyclopentadienyl compounds see R. Halterman, Chem. Rev. 92, (1992), 965-994).

Examples of suitable C-organic substituents R ^1B -R ^{6B of} the linkage Z are: hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, where the alkyl can be linear or branched, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso- Propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl , which in turn can carry a C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl group as a substituent, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane or cyclododecane, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, the alkenyl being linear, cyclic or branched can be and the double bond can be internal or terminal, such as vinyl, 1-allyl, 2-allyl, 3-allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclooctenyl or cyclooctadienyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, where the aryl radical can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as, for example, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, or 2 , 6-Dimethylphen-1-yl, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5- Trimethylphen-1-yl, or arylalkyl, where the arylalkyl can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as, for example, benzyl, o-, m-, p-methylbenzyl, 1- or 2-ethylphenyl, optionally also two R ^1B to R ^6B a 5- or 6-membered ring, such as cyclohexane, and the organic radicals R ^1B -R ^{6B can} also be linked by halogens, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, such as, for example, pentafluorophenyl or bis-3,5-trifluoromethylphenyl 1-yl and alkyl or aryl may be substituted.

Suitable Si-organic substituents SiR ^7B ₃ for R ^{7B are} the same radicals as detailed above for R ^1B -R ^6B , it also being possible for two R ^7B to be linked to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, such as e.g. trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, butyldimethylsilyl, tributylsilyl, Tritert.butylsilyl, triallylsilyl, triphenylsilyl or dimethylphenylsilyl. R ^{1 B} -R ^6B are preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n- Octyl, benzyl, phenyl, ortho dialkyl or dichloro substituted phenyls, trialkyl or trichloro substituted phenyls, naphthyl, biphenyl and anthranyl.

Particularly preferred substituents R ^1B and R ^2B are C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, where the alkyl can be linear or branched, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert. -Butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, where the aryl radical can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as, for example Phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- or 2,6-dimethylphen-1-yl, 2,3,4- , 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphen-1-yl, or arylalkyl, the arylalkyl being substituted by further alkyl groups Can be substituted, such as benzyl, o-, m-, p-methylbenzyl, 1- or 2-ethylphenyl, where two R ^1B to R ^2B can optionally also be linked to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, such as cyclohexane , and the organic radicals R ^1B -R ^2B also by halogens such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, especially fluorine such as pentafluorophenyl or bis-3,5-trifluoromethylphen -1-yl and alkyl or aryl may be substituted. Methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-iso-propyl, 1-butyl, 2-tert-butyl, phenyl and pentafluorophenyl are particularly preferred. In the case of bridges BR ^1B and BR ^1B R ^2B , combinations are particularly preferred in which at least the substituent R ^{1 B} , preferably R ^{1 B} and R ^{2B is} a C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, where the aryl radical can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as eg phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- or 2,6-dimethylphen-1-yl, 2,3,4 -, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphen-1-yl are partially or completely substituted by fluorine, such as especially pentafluorophenyl and bis-3,5-trifluoromethylphen-1-yl.

Preferred substituents R ^3B and R ^4B are C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, where the alkyl can be linear or branched, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert.- Butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl, which in turn has a C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl group as a substituent can carry, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane or cyclododecane, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, where the aryl radical can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o -, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, or 2,6-dimethylphen-1-yl, 2,3,4 -, - 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphen-1-yl, or arylalkyl, where the arylalkyl can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as benzyl, o-, m-, p-methylbenzyl, 1-or 2-ethylphenyl, where two R ^3B to R ^4B can optionally also be linked to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, such as cyclohexane, and can be substituted with alkyl or aryl and SiR ^7B ₃ as described above, such as trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, butyldimethylsilyl, tributylsilyl, tritert.butylsilyl, triallylsilyl, triphenylsilyl or dimethylphenylsilyl. R ^3B to R ^4B together with the nitrogen form an amide substituent. These are preferably secondary amides such as dimethylamide, N-ethyl-methylamide, diethylamide, N-methyl-propylamide, N-methyl-isopropylamide, N-ethylisopropylamide, dipropylamide, diisopropylamide, N-methyl-butylamide, N-ethyl-butylamide, N- Methyl-tert-butylamide, N-tert-butyl-isopropylamide, dibutylamide, Disec.bu tylamide, diisobutylamide, tert.amyl-tert.butylamide, dipentylamide, N-methyl-hexylamide, dihexylamide, tert.amyl-tert.octylamide, dioctylamide, bis (2-ethylhexyl) amide, didecylamide, N-methyl-octadecylamide, N- Methyl-cyclohexylamide, N-ethyl-cyclohexylamide, N-isopropylcyclohexylamide, N-tert-butyl-cyclohexylamide, dicyclohexylamide, pyrrolidine, piperidine, hexamethyleneimine, .decahydroquinoline, diphenylamine, N-methylanilide or N-ethylanilide.

R^5B and R^6B are preferably hydrogen, C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, the alkyl being linear or branched can be, e.g. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl C₆-C₂₀aryl, where the aryl radical can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as. Phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, or 2,6-dimethylphen-1-y1, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphen-1-yl, or arylalkyl, where the arylalkyl can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as. Benzyl, o-, m-, p-methylbenzyl, 1- or 2-ethylphenyl, where appropriate also two rows^5B to R^6B connected to a 5- or 6-membered ring could be, such as cyclohexane, and the organic radicals R^5B-R^6B also through Halogens such as Fluorine, chlorine or bromine, especially fluorine such as for example pentafluorophenyl or bis-3,5-trifluoromethylphen-1-yl and alkyl or Aryl can be substituted. R^5B and R^6B form with L^1B preferably a group CR^5BR^6B SiR^5BR^6B, (CR^5BR^6B)₂. CR^5BR^6BSiR^5BR^6B or (SiR^5BR^6B)₂. especially CR^5BR^6B, Here are the preferred substituents described above R^5B and R^6B here in also preferred embodiments. In particular CR is preferred^SBR6B a group CHR^SB or CH₂, The Group L^1BR5^BR^6B can the cyclopenta dienyl or be bound to A. Group L is preferred^1BR5^BR^6B or their preferred embodiments bound to A.

The bridge Z between the cyclopentadienyl system Cp and the neutral donor A is an organic divalent bridge consisting of from a boron-containing group and / or carbon and / or Silicon bridge members. Z can be attached to the cyclopentadienyl backbone or to the heterocycle or the fused ring of the cyclopentadienyl system his. Z is preferably bound to the cyclopentadienyl backbone. By a change the link length between the cyclopentadienyl system and A can the activity of the catalyst affected become. u can be 1, 2 or 3. Preferred is u 1. Very special Z is preferred in addition to the condensed heterocycle or condensed Aromatics bound to the cyclopentadienyl backbone. So is the heterocycle or aromatic is condensed in the 2,3-position of the cyclopentadienyl backbone, Z is preferably in the 1- or 4-position of the cyclopentadienyl backbone.

Preferred bridges Z are BR ^1B , BNR ^3B R ^4B , C (R ^5B R ^6B ) -BR ^{1 B} and C (R ^5B R ^6B ) -BNR ^3B R ^4B . The above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments for R ^{1 B} -R ^6B and R ^{7 B also} apply to these preferred monocyclopentadienyl complexes. If Z stands for BR ^{1 B} R ^2B , B carries a negative charge which can be compensated for by a positive charge on M, for example.

A is a neutral donor, which contains an atom of groups 15 or 16 of the periodic table, preferred one or more atoms selected from the group oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or phosphorus, preferred Nitrogen or phosphorus. The donor function in A can inter or bind intramolecularly to the metal M. The donor is preferred bound to M intramolecularly in A. Neutral functional groups come as donors, which contain an element of the 15th or 16th group of the periodic table, e.g. Amine, imine, carboxamide, carboxylic acid ester, ketone (oxo), ether, Thioketone, phosphine, phosphite, phosphine oxide, sulfonyl, sulfonamide, or unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heterocyclic Ring systems into consideration. The synthetic connection from A to the Cyclopentadienyl and Z can e.g. be carried out in analogy to WO 00/35928.

A is preferably a group selected from -OR ^1C , -SR ^1C , -NR ^1C R ^2C , -PR ^1C R ^2C , -C = NR ^1C and unsubstituted, substituted or condensed heteroaromatic ring systems, in particular - NR ^1C R ^2C , - C = NR ^1C and unsubstituted, substituted or fused heteroaromatic ring systems. R ^1C and R ^2C independently of one another represent hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, where the alkyl can be linear or branched, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl; n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl, the can in turn carry a C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl group as a substituent, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane or cyclododecane, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, where the alkenyl can be linear, cyclic or branched and the double bond can be internal or terminal, such as vinyl, 1-allyl, 2-allyl, 3-allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclooctenyl or cyclooctadienyl, C ₆ -Czo-aryl, the aryl radical being through further alkyl groups can be substituted, such as phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- or 2,6-dimethylphen-1- yl, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphen-1-yl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, the arylalkyl being substituted by further alkyl groups can, such as benzyl, o-, m-, p-methylbenzyl, 1- or 2-ethylphenyl or SiR ^3C ) ₃ , where the organic radicals R ^1C -R ^2C also by halogens, for example fluorine, chlorine or bromine or nitrogen -containing groups and further C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^3C ₃ can be substituted and two each vicinal radicals R ^1C -R ^{2C can} also be connected to a five- or six-membered ring and R ^3C independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, or Alkylaryl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical means and two radicals R ^{3C can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring.

NR ^1C R ^2C stands for an amide substituent. These are preferably secondary amides such as dimethylamide, N-ethyl-methylamide, diethylamide, N-methyl-propylamide, N-methyl-isopropylamide, N-ethylisopropylamide, dipropylamide, diisopropylamide, N-methyl-butylamide, N-ethyl-butylamide, N- Methyl-tert-butylamide, N-tert-butyl-isopropylamide, dibutylamide, disec.butylamide, diisobutylamide, tert.-amyl-tert.butylamide, dipentylamide, N-methyl-hexylamide, dihexylamide, tert.amyltert.octylamide, dioctylamide, bis ( 2-ethylhexyl) amide, didecylamide, N-methyl-octadecylamide, N-methyl-cyclohexylamide, N-ethyl-cyclohexylamide, N-isopropylcyclohexylamide, N-tert-butyl-cyclohexylamide, dicyclohexylamide, pyrrolidine, piperidine, hexamethyleneimine, decahydroquinoline N-methylanilide or N-ethylanilide.

In the imino group -C = NR ^1C , R ^{1C is} preferably a C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, it being possible for the aryl radical to be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as, for example, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p -Methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, or 2,6-dimethylphen-1-yl, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphen-1-yl.

A is preferably an unsubstituted, substituted or condensed heteroaromatic ring system which, in addition to carbon ring members, can contain heteroatoms from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus. Examples of 5-ring heteroaryl groups which, in addition to carbon atoms, can contain one to four nitrogen atoms or one to three nitrogen atoms and / or a sulfur or oxygen atom as ring members, are 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-isoxazolyl, 5 -Isoxazolyl, 3-isothiazolyl, 5-isothiazolyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, 2-imidazolyl , 4-imidazolyl, 5-imidazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl or 1,2,4 triazol-3-yl. Examples of 6-membered heteroaryl groups which can contain one to four nitrogen atoms and / or a phosphorus atom are 2-pyridinyl, 2-phosphabenzolyl 3-pyridazinyl, 2-pyrimidinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyraziyl, 1,3,5- Triazin-2-yl and 1,2,4-triazin-3-yl, 1,2,4-triazin-S-yl or 1,2,4-triazin-6-yl. The 5-ring and 6-ring heteroaryl groups can also be substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-10 C atoms in the aryl radical, trialkylsilyl or halogens, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, or be condensed with one or more aromatics or heteroaromatics. Examples of benzo-fused 5-membered heteroaryl groups are 2-indolyl, 7-indolyl, 2-coumaronyl, 7-coumaronyl, 2-thionaphthenyl, 7-thionaphthenyl, 3-indazolyl, 7-indazolyl, 2-benzimidazolyl or 7-benzimidazolyl. Examples of benzo-fused 6-membered heteroaryl groups are 2-quinolyl, 8-quinolyl, 3-cinnolyl, 8-cinnolyl, 1-phthalazyl, 2-quinazolyl, 4-quinazolyl, 8-quinazolyl, 5-quinoxalyl, 4-acridyl, 1- Phenanthridyl or 1-phenazyl.

wobei
E^1C-E^4C Kohlenstoff oder Stickstoff,
R^1C-R^4C unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl, Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest oder SiR^5C ₃ bedeutet, wobei die organischen Reste R^1C-R^4C auch durch Halogene oder Stickstoff und weitere C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl, Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest oder SiR^5C ₃ substituiert sein können und je zwei vicinale Reste R^1C-R^4C oder R^1C und Z auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können und
R^5C unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl oder Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest bedeutet und je zwei Reste R^5C auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können und
p 0 für E^1C-E^4C gleich Stickstoff und 1 für E^1C-E^4C gleich Kohlenstoff ist. ^` Insbesondere sind 0 oder 1 E^1C-E^4C gleich Stickstoff und die übrigen Kohlenstoff. Besonders bevorzugt ist A ein 2-Pyridyl, 6-Methyl-2-Pyridyl, 4-Methyl-2-Pyridyl, 5-Methyl-2-Pyridyl, 5-Ethyl-2-Pyridyl, 4,6-Dimethyl-2-Pyridyl, 3-Pyridazyl, 4-Pyrimidyl, 6-Methyl-4-Pyrimidyl, 2-Pyrazinyl, 6-Methyl-2-Pyrazinyl, 5-Methyl-2-Pyrazinyl, 3-Methyl-2-Pyrazinyl, 3-Ethylpyrazinyl, 3,5,6-Trimethyl-2-pyrazinyl, 2-Chinolyl, 4-Methyl-2-chinolyl, 6-Methyl-2-chinolyl, 7-Methyl-2-chinolyl, 2-Chinoxalyl oder 3-Methyl-2-Chinoxalyl.Of these heteroaromatic systems, particularly unsubstituted, substituted and / or condensed six-membered heteroaromatics having 1,2, 3, 4 or 5 nitrogen atoms in the heteroaromatic part which is bonded to Z, in particular substituted and unsubstituted 2-pyridyl or 2-quinolyl, are preferred. A is therefore preferably a group of the formula (III)

in which
E ^1C -E ^4C carbon or nitrogen,
R ^1C -R ^4C independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^5C ₃ , the organic radicals R ^1C -R ^4C also having halogens or nitrogen and further C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^5C ₃ can be substituted and two vicinal radicals R ^1C -R ^4C or R ^1C and Z can also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring and
R ^5C independently of one another is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl or alkylaryl having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R ^{5C can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring and
p 0 for E ^1C -E ^4C is nitrogen and 1 for E ^1C -E ^4C is carbon. ^` In particular, 0 or 1 E are ^1C -E ^4C equal to nitrogen and the remaining carbon. A is particularly preferably 2-pyridyl, 6-methyl-2-pyridyl, 4-methyl-2-pyridyl, 5-methyl-2-pyridyl, 5-ethyl-2-pyridyl, 4,6-dimethyl-2-pyridyl , 3-pyridazyl, 4-pyrimidyl, 6-methyl-4-pyrimidyl, 2-pyrazinyl, 6-methyl-2-pyrazinyl, 5-methyl-2-pyrazinyl, 3-methyl-2-pyrazinyl, 3-ethylpyrazinyl, 3rd , 5,6-trimethyl-2-pyrazinyl, 2-quinolyl, 4-methyl-2-quinolyl, 6-methyl-2-quinolyl, 7-methyl-2-quinolyl, 2-quinoxalyl or 3-methyl-2-quinoxalyl ,

In preferred monocyclopentadienyl complex, the cyclopentadienyl system Cp and -Z-A form a ligand (Cp-ZA) of the formula IV:

In which the variables A, Z, E ^1A to E ^5A and R ^{6A have} the above meaning and also their preferred embodiments are preferred herein
R ^1A -R ^5A independently of one another are hydrogen C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical, NR ^6A ₂ , N (SiR ^6A ₃ ) ₂ OR ^6A , OSiR ^6A ₃ , SiR ^6A ₃ , where the organic radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A can} also be substituted by halogens and two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^5A each to one five- or six-membered ring can be connected, and / or that two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^{5 A are connected} to form a heterocycle which contains at least one atom from the group N, P, O or S.

The explanations described above and the preferred embodiments also apply to R ^1A -R ^5A .

ist, wobei
E^1C-E^4C Kohlenstoff oder Stickstoff,
R^1C-R^4C unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl,C₆-C₂₀ Aryl Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest oder SiR^5C ₃ bedeutet, wobei die organischen Reste R¹C-R^4C auch durch Halogene und weitere C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl, Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest oder SiR^5C ₃ substituiert sein können und je zwei vicinale ResteR^1C-R^4C oder R^1C und Z auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können,
R^5C unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₂₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl oder Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-20 C-Atomen im Arylrest bedeutet und je zwei Reste R^5C auch zu einem fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können und
p 0 für E^1C-E^4C gleich Stickstoff und 1 für E^1C-E^4C gleich Kohlenstoff ist.In particular, the monocyclopentadienyl complex contains the ligand (Cp-ZA) of the formula IV in the following preferred embodiment:
Z is selected from BR ^1B , BNR ^3B R ^4B , C (R ^5B R ^6B ) -BR ^1B and C (R ^5B R ^6B ) -BNR ^3B R ^4B , in which the variables R ^1B -R ^{7 B have the} above meaning and also whose preferred embodiments are preferred herein,

is where
E ^1C -E ^4C carbon or nitrogen,
R ^1C -R ^4C independently of one another hydrogen C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^5C ₃ means, the organic radicals R ¹ CR ^4C also being formed by halogens and further C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the Alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^5C ₃ can be substituted and two vicinal radicals R ^1C -R ^4C or R ^1C and Z can also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring,
R ^5C independently of one another is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl or alkylaryl having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R ^{5C can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring and
p 0 for E ^1C -E ^4C is nitrogen and 1 for E ^1C -E ^4C is carbon.

M is a metal selected from the group titanium in oxidation state 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten, preferably titanium in oxidation state 3 and chromium. Chromium is particularly preferred in oxidation states 2, 3 and 4, in particular 3. The metal complexes, in particular the chromium complexes, can be obtained in a simple manner if the corresponding metal salts such as metal chlorides are reacted with the ligand anion (for example analogously to the examples in DE 197 10615 ).

Of the monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention are those of the general formula (Cp) (- ZA) _m MX _k (V) preferred, in which the variables Cp, Z, A, m and M have the above meaning and also their preferred embodiments are preferred herein and X independently of one another fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine , Hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1-10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical, NR ¹ R ² , OR ¹ , SR ¹ , SO ₃ R ¹ , OC (O) R ¹ , CN, SCN, (3-diketonate, CO, BF ₄ -, PF ₆ -, or bulky non-coordinating anions,
R ¹ -R ² independently of one another are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical, SiR ³ ₃ , where the organic radicals R ¹ -R ^{2 can} also be substituted by halogens or nitrogen and oxygen-containing groups and two radicals R ¹ -R ^{2 can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring,
R ³ independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R3 can also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring and k is 1, 2 or 3.

The embodiments listed above and preferred embodiments for Cp, Z, A, m and M also apply individually and in combination for these preferred monocyclopentadienyl complexes.

The ligands X result, for example, from the selection of the corresponding metal starting compounds which are used for the synthesis of the monocyclopentadienyl complexes, but can also be varied subsequently. Halogens such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine and in particular chlorine are particularly suitable as ligands X. Alkyl residues such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, vinyl, allyl, phenyl or benzyl also represent advantageous ligands X. Trifluoroacetate, BF ₄ ^- , PFs and weakly or non-coordinating anions are only intended as examples and in no way conclusively as further ligands X ( see for example S. Strauss in Chem.

Rev. 1993, 93, 927-942) such as B (C ₆ F ₅ ) ₄ ^- .

Amides, alcoholates, sulfonates, carboxylates and R-diketonates are also particularly suitable ligands X. By varying the radicals R ¹ and R ² , for example, physical properties such as solubility can be finely adjusted. Examples of suitable C-organic substituents R ¹ -R ² are: C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, where the alkyl can be linear or branched, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl , iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl, which in turn is a C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl group can carry as a substituent, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane or cyclododecane, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, where the alkenyl can be linear, cyclic or branched and the double bond can be internal or terminal, such as vinyl, 1-allyl, 2-allyl, 3-allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclooctenyl or cyclooctadienyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, the aryl radical being substituted by further alkyl groups and / or radicals containing N or O may be substituted, such as rB phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl,? _, 3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, or 2 , 6-dimethylphenyl, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl, 2- Methoxyphenyl, 2-N, N-dimethylaminophenyl or arylalkyl, where the arylalkyl can be substituted by further alkyl groups, such as benzyl, o-, m-, p-methylbenzyl, 1- or 2-ethylphenyl, where R ¹ with R ² can be connected to a 5- or 6-membered ring and the organic radicals R ¹ -R ^{2 can} also be substituted by halogens, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine. Suitable Si-organic substituents SiR ³ ₃ for R ^{3 are} the same radicals as detailed above for R ¹ -R ² , where two R ^{3 may} optionally also be linked to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, such as e.g. trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, butyldimethylsilyl, tributylsilyl, triallylsilyl, triphenylsilyl or dimethylphenylsilyl. C ₁ -C ₁₀ -Alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, and vinyl, allyl, benzyl and Phenyl used as radicals R ¹ and R ² . Some of these substituted ligands X are used with particular preference since they can be obtained from cheap and easily accessible starting materials. A particularly preferred embodiment is when X is dimethylamide, methanolate, ethanolate, isopropanolate, phenolate, naphtholate, triflate, p-toluenesulfonate, acetate or acetylacetonate.

The number k of ligands X depends on the oxidation state of the transition metal M from. The number k cannot therefore be specified in general. The Oxidation level of the transition metals M in catalytically active complexes are mostly known to the person skilled in the art. Chrome, molybdenum and tungsten are very likely to be in the +3 oxidation state before, vanadium in the +3 or +4 oxidation state. However, it can complexes are also used whose oxidation level is not that of corresponds to the active catalyst. Such complexes can then appropriately reduced or oxidized by suitable activators become. Chromium complexes in the oxidation state +3 are preferred and titanium complexes used in oxidation state 3.

• A) mindestens einen erfindungsgemässen Monocyclopentadienylkomplex
• B) optional einen organischen oder anorganischen Träger,
• C) optional eine oder mehrere aktivierende Verbindungen,
• D) optional ein oder mehrere zur Olefinpolymerisation geeignete Katalysatoren und
• E) optional eine oder mehrere Metallverbindungen mit einem Metall der Gruppe 1, 2 oder 13 des Periodensystems.

The monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention can be used alone or with other components as a catalyst system for olefin polymerization. Catalyst systems for olefin polymerization were also found to contain

• A) at least one monocyclopentadienyl complex according to the invention
• B) optionally an organic or inorganic carrier,
• C) optionally one or more activating connections,
• D) optionally one or more catalysts and suitable for olefin polymerization
• E) optionally one or more metal compounds with a metal from group 1, 2 or 13 of the periodic table.

So more than one of the monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention in contact with the olefin (s) to be polymerized simultaneously to be brought. This has the advantage that such a wide range Polymers can be generated. In this way e.g. bimodal products getting produced.

The monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention in polymerization processes in the gas phase or in suspension can be used it is often advantageous that the metallocenes in the form of a solid, i.e. that they're on a solid support B) are applied. Furthermore, the supported monocyclopentadienyl complexes high productivity on. The inventive Monocyclopentadienyl complexes can therefore optionally also immobilized on an organic or inorganic carrier B) and in supported Form used in the polymerization. This can, for example Reactor deposits are avoided and the polymer morphology to be controlled. As carrier materials preference is given to silica gel, magnesium chloride, aluminum oxide, mesoporous materials, Aluminosilicates, hydrotalcites and organic polymers such as polyethylene, Polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene or polar functionalized Polymers, such as copolymers of ethene and acrylic esters, Acrolein or vinyl acetate are used.

A catalyst system is particularly preferred containing a monocyclopentadienyl complex according to the invention and at least one activating compound C), which additionally an support component B) contains.

Such a supported catalyst system to get the strapless Catalyst system with a carrier component B) be implemented. In principle, the order of assembly is of carrier component B), monocyclopentadienyl complex according to the invention A) and the activating compound C) any. The monocyclopentadienyl complex according to the invention A) and the activating compound C) can be independent of one another or simultaneously be fixed. After the individual process steps, the solid can with suitable inert solvents such as B. aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons become.

In a preferred form of representation of the worn Catalyst system is at least one of the monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention in a suitable solvent brought into contact with at least one activating compound C), preferably a soluble Reaction product, an adduct or a mixture is obtained. The preparation thus obtained is then dehydrated or rendered inert support material mixed, the solvent removed and the resulting supported monocyclopentadienyl complex catalyst system dried to ensure that the solvent is complete or mostly from the pores of the carrier material Will get removed. The worn one Catalyst is considered to be free flowing Get powder. examples for the technical implementation of the above method is described in WO 96/00243, WO 98/40419 or WO 00/05277. Another preferred embodiment is, initially to generate the activating compound C) on the carrier component B) and subsequently this supported Connection with the monocyclopentadienyl complex according to the invention A) contact.

As carrier component B) are preferred finely divided carriers used any organic or inorganic solid could be. In particular, the carrier component B) a porous support like Talc, a layered silicate such as Montmorillonot, Mica or mica, an inorganic oxide or a finely divided polymer powder (e.g. Polyolefin or polar functionalized polymer).

The carrier materials used preferably have a specific surface area in the range from 10 to 1000 m ² / g, a pore volume in the range from 0.1 to 5 ml / g and an average particle size of 1 to 500 μm. Carriers with a specific surface area in the range from 50 to 700 m ² / g, a pore volume in the range between 0.4 and 3.5 ml / g and an average particle size in the range from 5 to 350 μm are preferred. Carriers with a specific surface area in the range from 200 to 550 m ² / g, a pore volume in the range between 0.5 to 3.0 ml / g and an average particle size of 10 to 150 μm are particularly preferred.

The inorganic carrier can be subjected to a thermal treatment, for example to remove adsorbed water. Such a drying treatment is generally carried out at temperatures in the range from 80 to 300.degree. C., preferably from 100 to 200.degree. C., the drying at 100 to 200.degree. C. preferably under vacuum and / or an inert gas blanket (e.g. nitrogen) takes place, or the inorganic carrier can be calcined at temperatures of 200 to 1000 ° C to adjust the desired structure of the solid and / or the desired OH concentration on the surface if necessary. The carrier can also be treated chemically, it being possible to use customary drying agents such as metal alkyls, preferably aluminum alkyls, chlorosilanes or SiCl ₄ , but also methylalumoxane. Appropriate treatment methods are described, for example, in WO 00/31090.

The inorganic carrier material can also be chemically modified. For example, the Treatment of silica gel with (NH ₄ ) ₂ SiF ₆ , NH ₄ F ₄ , (NH ₄ ) ₃ AlF ₆ , NH ₄ PF ₆ or other fluorinating agents to fluorinate the silica gel surface or the treatment of silica gels with silanes containing nitrogen, fluorine or contain sulfur-containing groups lead to appropriately modified silica gel surfaces.

Organic carrier materials such as fine particles Polyolefin powder (e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene) can are also used and should preferably also be used before Use of adhering moisture, solvent residues or others Contamination from appropriate cleaning and drying operations be freed. It can also functionalized polymer carriers, z. B. based on polystyrene, polyethylene or polypropylene be about their functional groups, for example ammonium or hydroxy groups, at least one of the catalyst components can be fixed.

Suitable inorganic oxides as carrier component B) can be found in groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the periodic table of the elements. Examples of preferred oxides as carriers include silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and mixed oxides of the elements calcium, aluminum, silicon, magnesium or titanium and corresponding oxide mixtures. Other inorganic oxides that can be used alone or in combination with the last-mentioned preferred oxidic supports are, for example, MgO, CaO, AlPO ₄ , ZrO ₂ , TiO ₂ , B ₂ O ₃ or mixtures thereof.

As solid support materials B) for catalysts for the Olefin polymerization is preferred because silica gels are used let particles be made from this material in their size and structure as a carrier for the Olefin polymerization are suitable. Have proven particularly successful spray dried itself Silica gels, which are spherical agglomerates from smaller ones granular Particles, the so-called primary particles, is. The silica gels can be dried and / or calcined before use.

Likewise preferred carriers B) are hydrotalcites and calcined hydrotalcites. In mineralogy, hydrotalcite is a natural mineral with the ideal formula Mg ₆ Al ₂ (OH) ₁₆ CO ₃ .4H ₂ O referred to, whose structure is derived from that of the brucite Mg (OH) ₂ . Brucite crystallizes in a layer structure with the metal ions in octahedral gaps between two layers of densely packed hydroxyl ions, with only every second layer of the octahedral gaps being occupied. In the hydrotalcite, some magnesium ions are replaced by aluminum ions, which gives the layer package a positive charge. This is compensated for by the anions, which are located in the intermediate layers together with crystal water.

Corresponding layer structures can be found not only in the case of magnesium-aluminum hydroxides, but generally in the case of mixed metal hydroxides of the general formula which have a layered structure M (II) _2x ²⁺ M (III) ₂ ³⁺ (OH) 4x + 4 · A _{2 / n n} ^- · z H ₂ O in which M (II) is a divalent metal such as Mg, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Ca and / or Fe and M (III) is a trivalent metal such as Al, Fe, Co, Mn, La, Ce and / or Cr is, x stands for numbers from 0.5 to 10 in 0.5 steps, A stands for an interstitial anion and n for the charge of the interstitial anion, which can be from 1 to 8, usually from 1 to 4, and z is a whole Number from 1 to 6; means in particular from 2 to 4. Interstitial anions are organic anions such as alcoholate anions, alkyl ether sulfates, aryl ether sulfates or glycol ether sulfates, inorganic anions such as in particular carbonate, hydrogen carbonate, nitrate, chloride, sulfate or B (OH) ₄ or polyoxometal anions such as Mo ₇ O ₂₄ ^6- or V ₁₀ O ₂₈ ^6- into consideration. However, it can also be a mixture of several such anions.

Accordingly, all such stratified constructed, mixed metal hydroxides as hydrotalcites in the sense of the present invention.

The so-called calcined hydrotalcites can be prepared from hydrotalcites by calcining, ie heating, which can be used, inter alia, to set the desired hydroxyl group content. The structure of the crystal structure also changes. The calcined hydrotalcites used according to the invention are usually prepared at temperatures above 180 ° C _.: Calcination is preferred for a period of 3 to 24 hours at temperatures from 250 ° C. to 1000 ° C. and in particular from 400 ° C. to 700 ° C. Simultaneous transfer of air or inert gas or application of vacuum is possible.

When heated give the natural or synthetic hydrotalcites first water, i.e. it takes place a drying. With further heating, the actual calcination, the metal hydroxides change with elimination of hydroxyl groups and interstitial anions into the metal oxides, also in the calcined hydrotalcites still ON groups or interstitial Anions such as carbonate can be included. One measure of this is Loss on ignition. This is the weight loss that a sample suffers from two steps first for 30 min at 200 C in a drying cabinet and then for 1 'hour at 950 ° C is heated in a muffle furnace.

The calcined hydrotalcites used as component B) are thus Mischo xides of the divalent and trivalent metals M (II) and M (III), the molar ratio of M (II) to M (III) generally in the range from 0.5 to 10, preferably from 0.75 to 8 and in particular from 1 to 4. Conventional amounts of impurities, for example Si, Fe, Na, Ca or Ti, and also chlorides and sulfates may also be present.

Preferred calcined hydrotalcites B) are mixed oxides in which M (II) magnesium and M (III) aluminum is. Corresponding aluminum-magnesium mixed oxides are from Condea Chemie GmbH (now Sasol Chemie), Hamburg under the trade name Puralox Mg available.

Calcined are also preferred Hydrotalcites in which the structural transformation is almost or completely completed is. Calcination, i.e. the structure can be transformed for example using X-ray diffractograms determine.

The hydrotalcites, calcined hydrotalcites or silica gels used are generally used as fine-particle powders with an average particle diameter D50 of 5 to 200 μm, preferably 10 to 150 μm, particularly preferably 15 to 100 μm and in particular 20 to 70 μm Usually pore volumes from 0.1 to 10 cm ³ / g, preferably from 0.2 to 5 cm ³ / g, and specific surfaces from 30 to 1000 m ² / g, preferably from 50 to 800 m ² / g and in particular from 100 up to 600 m ² / g. The monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention are preferably applied in an amount such that the concentration of monocyclopentadienyl complexes in the finished catalyst system is 5 to 200 μmol, preferably 20 to 100 μmol and particularly preferably 25 to 70 μmol per g of support B).

The monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention are for are only partially active in polymerization and then become with an activator, component C), brought into contact for good polymerization to be able to develop. Furthermore contains the catalyst system therefore optionally as component C) one or several activating compounds, preferably at least one cation-forming Compound C).

Suitable compounds C), which in are able to react with the monocyclopentadienyl complex A) these are to be converted into a catalytically active or more active compound e.g. Compounds of the aluminoxane type, a strong neutral Lewis acid an ionic compound with a Lewis acidic cation or an ionic Compound with Bronsted acid as Cation.

wobei R^1D-R^4D unabhängig voneinander eine C₁-C₆-Alkylgruppe bedeutet, bevorzugt eine Methyl-, Ethyl-, Butyl- oder Isobutylgruppe und 1 für eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 30, bevorzugt 5 bis 25 steht.The compounds described in WO 00/31090, for example, can be used as aluminoxanes. Open-chain or cyclic aluminoxane compounds of the general formulas (X) or (XI) are particularly suitable.

where R ^1D -R ^4D independently of one another denotes a C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl group, preferably a methyl, ethyl, butyl or isobutyl group and 1 represents an integer from 1 to 30, preferably 5 to 25.

A particularly suitable aluminoxane compound is methylaluminoxane.

The preparation of these oligomeric Aluminoxane compounds are usually made by controlled implementation of a solution of trialkyl aluminum with water. As a rule, the oligomers obtained in this way lie Aluminoxane compounds as mixtures of different lengths, both linear as well as cyclic chain molecules, so that 1 as Mean is to be seen. The aluminoxane compounds can also in a mixture with other metal alkyls, usually with aluminum alkyls available. Suitable aluminoxane preparations as component C) are commercially available.

Furthermore, as component C) instead the aluminoxane compounds of the general formulas (F X) or (F XI) modified aluminoxanes are used, some of which the hydrocarbon residues or by hydrogen atoms, alkoxy, aryloxy, siloxy, or amide residues are replaced.

It has proven to be beneficial the monocyclopentadienyl complexes A) and the aluminoxane compounds in soλchen Amounts to use that the atomic ratio between aluminum from the aluminoxane compounds including still contained aluminum alkyl, and the transition metal from the monocyclopentadienyl complex A) in the range from 1: 1 to 1000: 1, preferably from 10: 1 to 500: 1 and in particular in the range from 20: 1 to 400: 1.

Another type of suitable activating component C) are the so-called hydroxyalumino Xane. These can be prepared, for example, by adding 0.5 to 1.2 equivalents of water, preferably 0.8 to 1.2 equivalents of water per equivalent of aluminum of an alkyl aluminum compound, in particular triisobutyl aluminum, at low temperatures, usually below 0 ° C. Such compounds and their use in olefin polymerization are described, for example, in WO 00/24787. The atomic ratio between aluminum from the hydroxyaluminoxane compound and the transition metal from the monocyclopentadienyl complex A) is usually in the range from 1: 1 to 100: 1, preferably from 10: 1 to 50: 1 and in particular in the range from 20: 1 to 40 :1. A monocyclopentadienyl metal dialky (compound A) is preferably used.

Compounds of the general formula (XII) are strong, neutral Lewis acids MX ^2D X ^{1 D} X ^2D X ^3D (XII) preferred in the
M ^2D denotes an element of the 13th group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, in particular B, Al or Ga, preferably B,
X ^1D , X ^2D and X ^3D for hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, haloalkyl or haloaryl, each with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 C- Atoms in the aryl radical or fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine are, in particular for haloaryls, preferably for pentafluorophenyl.

More examples of strong, neutral Lewis acids are mentioned in WO 00/31090.

are particularly suitable as component C) boranes and boroxines, such as. B. trialkylborane, triarylborane or trimethylboroxine. Boranes which carry at least two perfluorinated aryl radicals are particularly preferably used. Particularly preferred are compounds of the general formula (XII) in which X ^1D , X ^2D and X ^{3D are} identical, preferably tris (pentafluorophenyl) borane.

Suitable compounds C) preferably from the reaction of aluminum or boron compounds Formula (XII) with water, alcohols, phenol derivatives, thiophenol derivatives or aniline derivatives shown, especially the halogenated and especially the perfluorinated alcohols and phenols are of importance are. examples for Particularly suitable compounds are pentafluorophenol, 1,1-bis (pentafluorophenyl) methanol or 4-hydroxy-2,2 ', 3,3', 4,4 ', 5,5', 6,6'nonafluorbiphenyl. Examples for the Combination of compounds of formula (XII) with Broensted acids in particular trimethyl aluminum / pentafluorophenol, trimethyl aluminum / 1-bis (pentafluorophenyl) methanol, Trimethylaluminum / 4-hydroxy-2,2 ', 3,3', 4,4 ', 5,5', 6,6'-nonafluorobiphenyl, Triethyl aluminum / pentafluorophenol or triisobutyl aluminum / pentafluorophenol or triethyl aluminum / 4,4'-dihydroxy-2,2 ', 3,3', 5,5 ', 6,6'-octafluorobiphenyl Hydrate.

In other suitable aluminum and boron compounds of the formula (XII), R ^{1D is} an OH group, such as, for example, in boronic acids and boric acids, boric acids with perfluorinated aryl radicals, such as (C ₆ F ₅ ) ₂ BOH, being mentioned in particular.

Strong neutral Lewis acids that the reaction products are also suitable as activating compounds C) from the reaction of a boronic acid with two equivalents of an aluminum trialkyl or the reaction products from the reaction an aluminum trialkyl with two equivalents of an acidic fluorinated one, in particular perfluorinated carbon compound such as pentafluorophenol or bis (pentafluorophenyl) boric acid.

As ionic compounds with Lewis acid cations are salt-like compounds of the cation of the general formula (XIII) [(((M ^3D ) ^{a +} ) Q ₁ Q ₂ ... Q _z ] ^{d +} (XIII) suitable in which
M ^{3D means} an element of the 1st to 16th group of the periodic table of the elements,
Q ₁ to Q _z for single negatively charged radicals such as C ₁ -C ₂₈ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, haloalkyl, haloaryl, each having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl and 1 to 28 C atoms in the alkyl radical, C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, which may optionally be substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl groups, halogen, C ₁ -C ₂₈ alkoxy, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryloxy, silyl or mercaptyl
a for integers from 1 to 6 and
z represents integers from 0 to 5,
d corresponds to the difference a - z, but d is greater than or equal to 1.

Carbonium cations are particularly suitable, Oxonium cations and sulfonium cations as well as cationic transition metal complexes. In particular, the triphenylmethyl cation, the silver cation and to name the 1,1'-dimethylferrocenyl cation. Prefer to own non-coordinating counterions, especially boron compounds as they are also mentioned in WO 91/09882, preferably tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate.

Salts with non-coordinating anions can also be combined by adding a boron or aluminum nium compound, for example an aluminum alkyl, with a second compound which can react two or more boron or aluminum atoms, for example water, and a third compound which forms an ionizing ionic compound with the boron or aluminum compound, for example triphenylchloromethane, or optionally a base, preferably an organic nitrogenous base, such as an amine, an aniline derivative or a nitrogen heterocycle. In addition, a fourth compound, which also reacts with the boron or aluminum compound, for example pentafluorophenol, can be added.

Ionic compounds with Bronsted acids as Cations preferably also have non-coordinating counterions. As Brönsted acid in particular protonated amine or aniline derivatives are preferred. preferred Cations are N, N-dimethylanilinium, N, N-dimethylcylohexylammonium and N, N-dimethylbenzylammonium and derivatives of the latter two.

Even compounds with anionic Boron heterocycles as described in WO 9736937 are suitable itself as component C), especially dimethylanilinium boratabenzenes or tritylboratabenzenes.

Preferred ionic compounds C) contain borates which have at least two perfluorinated aryl radicals wear. N, N-Dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate are particularly preferred and in particular N, N-dimethyl-cyclohexylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, N, N-dimethylbenzylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate or Trityl.

Two or more borate anions can also be connected to one another, as in the dianion [(C ₆ F ₅ ) ₂ BC ₆ F ₄ -B (C ₆ F ₅ ) ₂ ] ^2- , or the borate anion can be bridged with a suitable one functional group on the support surface.

Other suitable activating compounds C) are listed in WO 00/31090.

The amount of strong, neutral Lewis acids, ionic Compounds with Lewis Acidic Cations or Ionic Compounds with Brönsted acids as Cations preferably 0.1 to 20 equivalents, preferably 1 to 10 equivalents, based on the monocyclopentadienyl complex A).

Suitable activating compounds C) are also boron-aluminum compounds such as di [bis (pentafluorophenylboroxy)] methylalane. Corresponding boron-aluminum compounds are, for example disclosed in WO 99/06414.

You can also mix all of them beforehand mentioned activating compounds C) are used. preferred Mixtures contain aluminoxanes, especially methylaluminoxane, and an ionic compound, especially one that contains the tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate anion contains and / or a strong neutral Lewis acid, especially tris (pentafluorophenyl) borane.

Both the monocyclopentadienyl complexes are preferred A) and the activating compounds C) in a solvent used, wherein aromatic hydrocarbons having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, in particular Xylenes, toluene, pentane, hexane, heptane or mixtures of these are preferred.

There is also the possibility to use an activating compound C), which simultaneously as a carrier B) can be used. Such systems are, for example from an inorganic oxide treated with zirconium alkoxide and subsequent chlorination, for example with carbon tetrachloride receive. The representation of such systems is for example described in WO 01/41920.

Another wide product range can by using the monocyclopentadienyl complexes of the invention A) in combination with at least one other for the polymerization catalyst D) suitable for olefins. Therefore as optional component D) one or more for olefin polymerization suitable catalysts can be used in the catalyst system. As Catalysts D) are particularly classic Ziegler Natta Titanium-based catalysts and classic Phillips catalysts based on chromium oxides.

As component D) come in principle all compounds of the transition metals containing organic groups the 3rd to 12th group of the periodic table or the lanthanides in Consideration, preferably after reaction with components C), in Presence of A) and optionally B) and / or E) for the olefin polymerization Form active catalysts. Usually these are compounds in which at least one one or more teeth Ligand over sigma or Pi bond is attached to the central atom. Come as ligands both those which contain cyclopentadienyl radicals, as well as those that are free of cyclopentadienyl residues. In Chem. Rev. 2000, Vol. 100, No. 4 is a variety of such for olefin polymerization suitable compounds B). There are also multinuclear ones Cyclopentadienyl complexes for olefin polymerization is suitable.

in der die Substituenten und Indizes folgende Bedeutung haben:
M^1E Titan, Zirkonium, Hafnium, Vanadium, Niob, Tantal, Chrom, Molybdän oder Wolfram, sowie Elemente der 3. Gruppe des Periodensystems und der Lanthaniden,
X^E Fluor, Chlor, Brom, Jod, Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl, C₂-C₁₀-Alkenyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl, Alkylaryl mit 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6. bis 20 C-Atomen im Arylrest, -OR^6E oder -NR^6ER^7E, oder zwei Reste X^E für einen substituierten oder unsubstituierten Dienliganden, insbesondere einen 1,3-Dienliganden, stehen, und die Reste X^E gleich oder verschieden sind und gegebenenfalls miteinander verbunden sind,
E^{1 E}-E^5E Kohlenstoff oder maximal ein E^{1 E} bis E^5E Phosphor oder Stickstoff, bevorzugt Kohlenstoff
t 1, 2 oder 3 ist, wobei t entsprechend der Wertigkeit von M^1E den Wert aufweist, bei dem der Metallocenkomplex der allgemeinen Formel (F XIV) ungeladen vorliegt, wobei
R^6E und R^7E C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl, Alkylaryl, Arylalkyl, Fluoralkyl oder Fluoraryl mit jeweils 1 bis 10 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6 bis 20 C-Atomen im Arylrest bedeuten und
R^1E bis R^5E unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₂-Alkyl, 5- bis 7-gliedriges Cycloalkyl oder Cycloalkenyl, die ihrererseits durch C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl substituiert sein können, C₂-C₂₂-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₂-Aryl, Arylalkyl mit 1 bis 16 C-Atomen im Alkylrest und 6-21 C-Atomen im Arylrest, NR^8E ₂, N(SiR^8E ₃)₂, OR^8E, OSiR^8E ₃ SiR^8E ₃, wobei die organischen Reste R^1E-R^5E auch durch Halogene substituiert sein können und/oder je zwei Reste R^1E-R^5E, insbesondere vicinale Reste, auch zu einem fünf-, sechs- oder siebengliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können, und/oder dass zwei vicinale Reste R^1E-R^5E zu einem fünf-, sechs- oder siebengliedrigen Heterocyclus verbunden sein können, welcher mindestens ein Atom aus der Gruppe N, P, O oder S enthält, mit
R^8E gleich oder verschieden C-C₁₀Alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-Cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl, C₁-C₄-Alkoxy oder C₆-C₁₀-Aryloxy sein kann und

R^9E bis R^13E unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, C₁-C₂₂-Alkyl, 5- bis 7-gliedriges Cycloalkyl oder Cycloalkenyl, die ihrererseits durch C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl substituiert sein können, C₂-C₂₂-Alkenyl, C₆-C₂₂-Aryl, Arylalkyl mit 1 bis 16 C-Atomen im A2lIkylrest und 6-21 C-Atomen im Arylrest, NR^14E ₂, N(SiR^{1 4E} ₃)₂, OR^14E, OSiR^{1 4E} ₃, SiR^14E ₃, wobei die organischen Reste R^9E-R^13E auch durch Halogene substituiert sein können und/oder je zwei Reste R^9E-R^13E, insbesondere vicinale Reste, auch zu einem fünf-, sechs- oder siebengliedrigen Ring verbunden sein können, und/oder dass zwei vicinale Reste R^9E-R^13E zu einem fünf-, sechs- oder siebengliedrigen Heterocyclus verbunden sein können, welcher mindestens ein Atom aus der Gruppe N, P, O oder S enthält, mit
R^14E gleich oder verschieden C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-Cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl, C₁-C₄-Alkoxy oder C₆-C₁₀-Aryloxy bedeuten,
E^6E-E^10E Kohlenstoff oder maximal ein ^E6E bis E^10E Phosphor oder Stickstoff, bevorzugt Kohlenstoff
oder wobei die Reste R^4E und Z1E gemeinsam eine Gruppierung -R^15E _v A^1Ebilden, in der

wobei
R^16E, R^17E und R^18E gleich oder verschieden sind und jeweils ein Wasserstoffatom, ein Halogenatom, eine Trimethylsilylgruppe, eine C₁-C₁₀-Alkylgruppe, eine C₁-C₁₀-Fluoralkylgruppe, eine C₆-C₁₀-Fluorarylgruppe, eine C₆-C₁₀-Arylgruppe, eine C₁-C₁₀-Alkoxygruppe, eine C₇-C₁₅-Alkylaryloxygruppe, eine C₂-C₁₀-Alkenylgruppe, eine C₇-C₄₀-Arylalkylgruppe, eine C₈-C₄₀-Arylalkenylgruppe oder eine C₇-C₄₀-Alkylarylgruppe bedeuten oder wobei zwei benachbarte Reste jeweils mit den sie verbindenden Atomen einen 4 bis 15 C-Atome aufweisenden gesättigten oder ungesättigten Ring bilden, und
M^2E Silicium, Germanium oder Zinn ist, bevorzugt Silicium

-NR^19E ₂ , – PR^19E ₂ oder ein unsubstituiertes, substituiertes oder kondensiertes, heterocyclisches Ringsystem bedeuten, mit
R^19E unabhängig voneinander C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl, C₃-C₁₀-Cycloalkyl, C₇-C₁₈-Alkylaryl oder Si(R^20E)₃,
R^20E Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl, das seinerseits mit C₁-C₄-Alkylgruppen substituiert sein kann oder C₃-C₁₀-Cycloalkyl,
v 1 oder im Fall von A^1E gleich ein unsubstituiertes, substituiertes oder kondensiertes, heterocyclisches Ringsystem auch 0
oder wobei die Reste R^4E und R^12E gemeinsam eine Gruppierung -R^15E- bilden.Particularly suitable components D) are also those with at least one cyclopentadienyl ligand, which are commonly referred to as metallocene complexes. Metallocene complexes of the general formula (XIV) are particularly suitable here

in which the substituents and indices have the following meaning:
M ^1E titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten, as well as elements of the 3rd group of the periodic table and the lanthanides,
X ^E fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6th to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, -OR ^6E or -NR ^6E R ^7E , or two radicals X ^{E represent} a substituted or unsubstituted diene ligand, in particular a 1,3-diene ligand, and the radicals X ^{E are the} same or different and, if appropriate are interconnected
E ^{1 E} -E ^5E carbon or at most one E ^{1 E} to E ^5E phosphorus or nitrogen, preferably carbon
t is 1, 2 or 3, where t has the value at which the metallocene complex of the general formula (F XIV) is uncharged, corresponding to the valency of M ^1E , where
R ^6E and R ^{7E are} C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl each having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 C atoms in the aryl radical and
R ^1E to R ^5E independently of one another are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₂ alkyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, which in turn can be substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₂ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₂ aryl, arylalkyl with 1 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-21 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, NR ^8E ₂ , N (SiR ^8E ₃ ) ₂ , OR ^8E , OSiR ^8E ₃ SiR ^8E ₃ , where the organic radicals R ^1E -R ^{5E can} also be substituted by halogens and / or two radicals R ^1E -R ^5E , in particular vicinal radicals, can also be connected to form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring, and / or that two vicinal radicals R ^1E -R ^5E can be connected to a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocycle which contains at least one atom from the group N, P, O or S with
R ^{8E may be the} same or different CC ₁₀ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy or C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryloxy and

R ^9E to R ^13E independently of one another are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₂ alkyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, which in turn can be substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₂ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₂ aryl, arylalkyl with 1 to 16 carbon atoms in the A2 alkyl radical and 6-21 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, NR ^14E ₂ , N (SiR ^{1 4E} ₃ ) ₂ , OR ^14E , OSiR ^{1 4E} ₃ , SiR ^14E ₃ , where the organic radicals R ^9E -R ^{13E can} also be substituted by halogens and / or two radicals R ^9E -R ^13E , in particular vicinal radicals, can also be linked to form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring, and / or that two vicinal radicals R ^9E -R ^13E can be joined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocycle which contains at least one atom from the group N, P, O or S with
R ^{14E are} identical or different to C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy or C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryloxy,
E ^6E -E ^10E carbon or at most one ^E6E to E ^10E phosphorus or nitrogen, preferably carbon
or wherein the radicals R ^4E and Z1E together form a grouping -R ^15E _v A ^1E in which

in which
R ^16E , R ^17E and R ^{18E are} identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a trimethylsilyl group, a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl group, a C ₁ -C ₁₀ fluoroalkyl group, a C ₆ -C ₁₀ fluoroaryl group, a C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl group, a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkoxy group, a C ₇ -C ₁₅ alkylaryloxy group, a C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkenyl group, a C ₇ -C ₄₀ arylalkyl group, a C ₈ -C ₄₀ arylalkenyl group or a C ₇ -C ₄₀ alkylaryl group or where two adjacent radicals each form a saturated or unsaturated ring having 4 to 15 carbon atoms with the atoms connecting them, and
M ^{2E is} silicon, germanium or tin, preferably silicon

-NR ^19E ₂ , - PR ^19E ₂ or an unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heterocyclic ring system, with
R ^19E independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, C ₇ -C ₁₈ alkylaryl or Si (R ^20E ) ₃ ,
R ^{20E is} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, which in turn can be substituted by C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl groups or C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl,
v 1 or, in the case of A ^1E , an unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heterocyclic ring system also 0
or wherein the radicals R ^4E and R ^12E together form a group -R ^15E -.

A ^1E can, for example, form an amine, ether, thioether or phosphine together with the bridge R ^15E . However, A ^1E can also represent an unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heterocyclic aromatic ring system which, in addition to carbon ring members, can contain heteroatoms from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus. Examples of 5-ring heteroaryl groups which, in addition to carbon atoms, may contain one to four nitrogen atoms and / or a sulfur or oxygen atom as ring members, are 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-isoxazolyl, 5-isoxazolyl, 3- Isothiazolyl, 5-isothiazolyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 5-imidazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-y1, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl or 1,2,4-triazol-3- yl. at games for 6-membered heteroaryl groups, which can contain one to four nitrogen atoms and / or a phosphorus atom, are 2-pyridinyl, 2-phosphabenzolyl 3-pyridazinyl, 2-pyrimidinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyrazinyl, 1,3,5- Triazin-2-yl and 1,2,4-triazin-3-yl, 1,2,4-triazin-S-yl or 1,2,4-triazin-6-yl. The 5-ring and 6-ring heteroaryl groups can also be substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-10 C atoms in the aryl radical, trialkylsilyl or halogens, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, or be condensed with one or more aromatics or heteroaromatics. Examples of benzo-fused 5-membered heteroaryl groups are 2-indolyl, 7-indolyl, 2-coumaronyl, 7-coumaronyl, 2-thionaphthenyl, 7-thionaphthenyl, 3-indazolyl, 7-indazolyl, 2-benzimidazolyl or 7-benzimidazolyl. Examples of benzo-fused 6-membered heteroaryl groups are 2-quinolyl, 8-quinolyl, 3-cinnolyl, 8-cinnolyl, 1-phthalazyl, 2-quinazolyl, 4-quinazolyl, 8-quinazolyl, 5-quinoxalyl, 4-acridyl, 1- Phenanthridyl or 1-phenazyl. The designation and numbering of the heterocycles was taken from L. Fieser and M. Fieser, Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 3rd revised edition, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1957.

The radicals X ^E in the general formula (XIV) are preferably the same, preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine, C ₁ to C ₇ alkyl, or aralkyl, in particular chlorine, methyl or benzyl.

The synthesis of such complex compounds can be carried out according to methods known per se, the implementation the correspondingly substituted, cyclic hydrocarbon anions with halides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium or chromium, preferred is.

bevorzugt.Of the metallocene complexes of the general formula (XIV) are

prefers.

Of the compounds of the formula (XIVa), those are particularly preferred in which
M ^1E titanium, vanadium or chrome
X ^E chlorine, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, phenyl, alkoxy or aryloxy
t the number 1 or 2 and
R ^1E to R ^{5E are} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl or two adjacent R ^1E to R ^{5E represent} a substituted or unsubstituted benzo group.

Of the compounds of the formula (XIVb) are to be mentioned as preferred in those
M^1E For Titanium, zirconium, vanadium, hafnium or chromium, X^e Fluorine, chlorine, C₁-C₄-Alkyl or benzyl, or two radicals X^e For are a substituted or unsubstituted butadiene ligand,
t 0 for chrome, otherwise 1 or 2, preferably 2
R^1E to R^5E Hydrogen, C₁-C_8th-Alkyl, C₆-C_8th-Aryl, NO^8E ₂, OSiR^8E ₃ or Si (R^8E)₃ and
R^9E to R^13E Hydrogen, C₁-C_8thAlkyl or C₆-C_8th-Aryl, NO^14E ₃ or Si (R¹⁴⁾ ₃
or two residues R each¹ to R⁵ and / or R⁹ to R¹³ together with the C₅-Ring an indenyl - or substituted indenyl system.

In particular, the connections of the formula (XIVb) in which the cyclopentadienyl radicals are the same are.

Examples of particularly suitable compounds D) of formula (XIVb) include: bis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, Bis (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, bis (methylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, Bis (ethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, bis (1-n-butyl-3-methylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, Bis (indenyl) zirconium dichloride, bis (tetrahydroindenyl) zirconium dichloride and bis (trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride as well the corresponding dimethyl zirconium compounds.

oder = BR^16E oder = BNR^16ER^17E bedeuten,
M^1E für Titan, Zirkon oder Hafnium, insbesondere Zirkon und
X^E gleich oder verschieden für Chlor, C₁-C₄-Alkyl, Benzyl, Phenyl oder C₇-C₁₅-Alkylaryloxy stehen.Of the compounds of the formula (XIVc), those in which

or = BR ^16E or = BNR ^16E R ^17E ,
M ^1E for titanium, zircon or hafnium, especially zircon and
X ^{E are the} same or different for chlorine, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, benzyl, phenyl or C ₇ -C ₁₅ alkyl aryloxy.

in der
die Reste R' gleich oder verschieden sind und Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl oder C₃-C₁₀-Cycloalkyl, bevorzugt Methyl, Ethyl, Isopropyl oder Cyclohexyl, C₆-C₂₀-Aryl, bevorzugt Phenyl, Naphthyl oder Mesityl, C₇-C₄₀-Arylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀-Alkylaryl, bevorzugt 4-tert.-Butylphenyl oder 3,5-Di-tert. butylphenyl, oder C₈-C₄₀-Arylalkenyl bedeuten,
R^5E und R^13E gleich oder verschieden sind und für Wasserstoff, C₁-C₆-Alkyl, bevorzugt Methyl, Ethyl, Isopropyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, n-Hexyl oder tert.-Butyl, stehen, und die Ringe S und T gleich oder verschieden, gesättigt, ungesättigt oder teilweise gesättigt sind.Particularly suitable compounds of the formula (XVIc) are those of the formula (XVIc ')

in the
the radicals R 'are identical or different and are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl or C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or cyclohexyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, preferably phenyl, naphthyl or mesityl , C ₇ -C ₄₀ arylalkyl, C ₇ -C ₄₀ alkylaryl, preferably 4-tert-butylphenyl or 3,5-di-tert. butylphenyl, or C ₈ -C ₄₀ arylalkenyl,
R ^5E and R ^{13E are the} same or different and represent hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl or tert-butyl, and the rings S and T are the same or different, saturated, unsaturated or partially saturated.

The indenyl or tetrahydroindenyl ligands of the metallocenes of the formula (XIVc ') are preferably in 2, 2,4-, 4,7-, 2,4,7-, 2,6-, 2,4,6-, 2 , 5,6-, 2,4,5,6- or 2,4,5,6,7-position, in particular in the 2,4-position, the following nomenclature applying to the place of substitution:

As component D) are also preferably bridged Bis-indenyl complexes used in the rac or pseudo-rac form, the pseudo-rac form being such complexes, where the two indenyl ligands disregard all the others Substituents of the complex relative to one another in the Rac arrangement stand.

More examples of special Suitable catalysts D) (XIVc) and (XIVc ') include Dimethylsilanediylbis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (indenyl) zirconium dichloride, dimethylsilanediylbis (tetrahydroindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Ethylene bis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, ethylene bis (indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Ethylene bis (tetrahydroindenyl) zirconium dichloride, tetramethylethylene-9-fluorenylcyclopentadienyl zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (3-tert.butyl-5-methylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, dimethylsilanediylbis (3-tert.butyl-5-ethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methylindenyl) zirconium dichloride, dimethylsilanediylbis (2-isopropylindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-tert.butylindenyl) zirconium dichloride, diethylsilanediylbis (2-methylindenyl) zirconium dibromide, Dimethylsilanediylbis (3-methyl-5-methylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (3-ethyl-5-isopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethylindenyl) zirconium dichloride, dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4,5-benzindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4,5-benzindenyl) zirconium, Methylphenylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4,5-benzindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Methylphenylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4,5-benzindenyl) zirconium, Diphenylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4,5-benzindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Diphenylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4,5-benzindenyl) zirconium, Diphenylsilanediylbis (2-methylindenyl) hafnium dichloride, dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4- (1-naphthyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- (1-naphthyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-propyl-4- (1-naphthyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-i-butyl-4- (1-naphthyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-propyl-4- (9-phenanthryl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-isopropylindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2,7-dimethyl-4-isopropylindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4,6-düsopropylindenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4 [p-trifluoromethylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4- [3 ', 5'-dimethylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4- [4'-tert.butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Diethylsilandiylbis (2-methyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-propyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-isopropyl-4- [4'tert.butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-butyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-hexyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediyl (2-isopropyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) - (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediyl (2-isopropyl-4- (1-naphthyl) indenyl) - (2-methyl- (1-naphthyl) indenyl) zirkoniwmdichlorid, Dimethylsilanediyl (2-isopropyl- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) - (2-methyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediyl (2-isopropyl-4- [4'-tert.butylphenyl] indenyl) - (2-ethyl-4- [4'-tert.butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, dimethylsilanediyl (2-isopropyl-4- [4'- tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) - (2-methyl-4- [3 ', 5'-bis-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediyl (2-isopropyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) - (2-methyl-4- [1'-naphthyl] indenyl) zirconium dichloride and ethylene (2-isopropyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyl] indenyl) - (2-methyl-4- [4'-tert-butylphenyljindenyl) zirconium dichloride, as well as the corresponding dimethyl-, monochloromono (alkylaryloxy) - and di (alkylaryloxy) zirconium compounds. The complexes will preferably used in the rac form.

The synthesis of such complex compounds can be carried out according to methods known per se, where in the reaction of the appropriately substituted, cyclic hydrocarbon anions with halides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum or chromium is preferred. Examples of corresponding production processes are described, inter alia, in the Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 369 (1989), 359-370.

t für 1 oder 2, bevorzugt 2 steht, R^1E bis R^3E und R^5E für Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl, bevorzugt Methyl, C₃-C₁₀-Cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl NR^8E ₂ oder Si(R⁸)₃ stehen, oder wobei zwei benachbarte Reste für 4 bis 12 C-Atome aufweisende cyclische Gruppen stehen, wobei besonders bevorzugt alle R¹ bis R³ und R⁵ Methyl sind.In the case of the compounds of the general formula (XIVd), those in which
M ^1E for titanium or zirconium, in particular titanium, and
X ^{E represents} chlorine, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl or phenyl or two radicals X represent a substituted or unsubstituted butadiene ligand.

t represents 1 or 2, preferably 2, R ^1E to R ^3E and R ^{5E represents} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, preferably methyl, C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl NR ^8E ₂ or Si (R ⁸ ) ₃ , or where two adjacent radicals stand for cyclic groups having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, all R ¹ to R ³ and R ⁵ being particularly preferably methyl.

Particularly suitable complexes D) Formula (XIVd) here are dimethylsilanediyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienjrl) (benzylamino) titanium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (tert-butyl-amino) titanium, Dimethylsilanediyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl) titanium dichloride or dimethylsilanediyl (indenyl) (tert.butylamino) titanium dichloride.

A^1E für –O– R^19E, –NR^19E ₂, –NR^19E ₂ oder ein unsubstituiertes, substituiertes oder kondensiertes, heterocyclisches, insbesondere heteroaromatisches Ringsystem steht,
v 1 oder im Fall von A^1E gleich ein unsubstituiertes, substituiertes oder kondensiertes, heterocyclisches Ringsystem 0 oder 1,
R^1E bis R^3E und R^5E für Wasserstoff, C₁-C₁₀-Alkyl, C₃-C_10-Cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl oder Si(R^8E)₃ stehen, oder wobei zwei benachbarte Reste für 4 bis 12 C-Atome aufweisende cyclische Gruppen stehen.Another group of connections of the formula (XIVd), which are particularly suitable, those in the
M^1E for titanium, vanadium or chrome, preferably in oxidation state III and
X^e for chlorine, C₁-C₄-Alkyl or Phenyl or two radicals XE  for one substituted or unsubstituted butadiene ligands,

 A^1E for –O– R^19E, -NO^19E ₂, -NO^19E ₂ or an unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heterocyclic, especially heteroaromatic ring system,
v 1 or in the case of A^1E an unsubstituted, substituted or condensed, heterocyclic ring system 0 or 1,
R^1E to R^3E and R^5E For Hydrogen, C₁-C₁₀alkyl, C₃-C_10-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₅-Aryl or Si (R^8E)₃ stand, or wherein two adjacent radicals have 4 to 12 carbon atoms cyclic groups.

In a preferred embodiment, A ^{1 E} herein is an unsubstituted, substituted or fused, heteroaromatic ring system and M ^{1 E} chromium. A ^1E is very particularly preferably an unsubstituted or substituted, for example alkyl-substituted, in particular substituted or unsubstituted quinolyl or pyridyl linked in position 8 or 2 and v is 0, for example 8-quinolyl, 8- (2-methylquinolyl), 8- (2, 3,4-trimethylquinolyl), 8- (2,3,4,5,6,7-hexamethylquinolyl, v is 0 and M ^1E is chromium. Preferred catalysts D) of this type are 1- (8-quinolyl) -2- methyl-4-methylcyclopentadienylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -3-isopropyl-5-methylcyclopentadienylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -3-tert.butyl-5-methylcyclopentadienylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopentadienylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) tetrahydroindenylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) indenylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -2-methylindenylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -2-isopropylindenylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -2-ethylindenylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -2-tert-butylindenylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-chino lyl) benzindenylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8-quinolyl) -2-methylbenzindenylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) - 2-methyl-4-methylcyclopentadienylchromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-Methylquinolyl)) - 2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopentadienyl chromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) tetrahydroindenyl chromium (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl) )) indenylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) - 2-methylindenylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) - 2-isopropylindenylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) - 2-ethylindenylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) - 2-tert.butylindenylchrome (III) dichloride, 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) ) -benzindenylchrome (III) dichloride or 1- (8- (2-methylquinolyl)) - 2-methylbenzindenylchrome (III) dichloride.

Also preferred because of the ease of presentation is the combination of R ^15E equal to CH = CH or 1,2-phenylene with A ^{1 E} equal to NR ^{1 9E} ₂ , as well as R ^{1 5E} equal to CH ₂ , C (CH ₃ ) ₂ or Si ( CH ₃ ) ₂ and A ^1E are unsubstituted or substituted 8-quinolyl or unsubstituted or substituted 2-pyridyl.

The production of such functional Cyclopentadienyl ligands have been known for a long time. Various Synthetic routes for these complex ligands are e.g. by M. Enders et. al. in Chem. Ber. (1996), 129, 459-463 or P. Jutzi and U. Siemeling in J. Orgmet. Chem. (1995), 500, 175-185.

The metal complexes, in particular the chromium complexes, can be obtained in a simple manner if the corresponding metal salts, such as metal chlorides, are reacted with the ligand anion (for example analogously to the examples in DE-A-19710615 ).

Other suitable catalysts D) are metallocenes, with at least one ligand that consists of a cyclopentadienyl or heterocyclopentadienyl with a fused-on heterocycle is formed, the heterocycles are preferably aromatic and contain nitrogen and / or sulfur. Such connections are described for example in WO 98/22486. These are in particular Dimethylsilanediyl- (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) - (2,5-dimethyl-N-phenyl-4-aza pentalen) zirconium dichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-4-hydroazulenyl) zirconium dichloride or dimethylsilanediylbis (2-thyl-4-phenyl-4-hydroazulenyl) zirconium dichloride.

Systems are also catalysts D) suitable, wherein a metallocene compound, for example with an inorganic oxide treated with zirconium alkoxide was then chlorinated, for example with carbon tetrachloride, is combined. The representation of such systems is for example described in WO 01/41920.

Suitable catalysts D) are also imidochrome compounds, wherein chromium as a structural feature at least one imido group wearing. These compounds and their preparation are e.g. in WO 01/09148 described.

Other suitable components D) are transition metal complexes with a tridentate macrocyclic ligands, especially substituted and unsubstituted 1,3,5-Triazacyclohexanes and 1,4,7-triazacyclononanes. These types of catalysts are also preferred the chromium complexes. Preferred catalysts of this type are [1,3,5-tri (methyl) -1,3,5-triazacyclohexane] chromium trichloride, [1,3,5-tri (ethyl) -1,3,5-triazacyclohexane chromium trichloride, [1,3,5-tri (octyl) -1,3,5-triazacyclohexane] chromium trichloride, [1,3,5-tri (dodecyl) -1,3,5-triazacyclohexane) chromium trichloride and [1,3,5-tri (benzyl) -1,3,5-triazacyclohexane] chromium trichloride.

wobei das Übergangsmetall ausgewählt ist aus den Elementen Ti, Zr, Hf, Sc, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt oder ein Element der Seltenerd-Metalle. Bevorzugt sind hierbei Verbindungen mit Nickel, Eisen, Kobalt und Palladium als Zentralmetall.Suitable catalysts D) are, for example, transition metal complexes with at least one ligand of the general formulas XV to XIX,

wherein the transition metal is selected from the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, Sc, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt or an element of the rare earth metals. Compounds with nickel, iron, cobalt and palladium as the central metal are preferred.

^EF is an element of the 15th group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, preferably N or P, with N being particularly preferred. The two or three atoms E ^F in a molecule can be the same or different.

The radicals R ^1F to R ^25F , which can be the same or different within a ligand system XV to XIX, stand for the following groups:
R ^1F and R ^4F are independent of one another, preferably hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals thereby hydrocarbon radicals in which the element E ^F adjacent carbon atom is bound to at least two carbon atoms,
R ^2F and R ^3F independently of one another for hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, where R ^2F and R ^{3F can} also together form a ring system in which one or more heteroatoms can also be present,

R ^6F and R ^8F independently of one another for hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals,
R ^5F and R ^9F independently of one another for hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals,
where R ^6F and R ^5F or R ^8F and R ^9F together can also form a ring system,
R ^7F independently of one another for hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, it being possible for two R ^7Fs to form a ring system together,
R ^10F and R ^14F independently of one another for hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals,
R ^11F , R ^12F , R ^12F and R ^13F independently of one another for hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, it also being possible for two or more geminal or vicinal radicals R ^11A , R ^12A , R ^{12A '} and R ^13A together to form a ring system,
R ^15F and R ^18F independently of one another for hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals,
R ^16F and R ^17F independently of one another for hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals,
R ^19F and R ^25F independently of one another are C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical, the organic radicals R ^19F and R ^25F also substituted by halogens could be,
R ^20F -R ^24F independently of one another are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^26F ₃ means, where the organic radicals R ^20F -R ^{24F can} also be substituted by halogens and two vicinal radicals R ^20F -R ^{20F can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring and
R ^26F independently of one another is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl or alkylaryl having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two R ^{28F radicals can} also be ^linked to form a five- or six-membered ring.
x for 0 or 1, the complex of the formula (XVI) for x equal to 0 being negatively charged and
y for an integer between 1 and 4, preferably 2 or 3.

Transition metal complexes are particularly suitable with Fe, Co, Ni, Pd or Pt as the central metal and ligands of the formula (XV). Dümin complexes are particularly preferred of Ni or Pd, e.g .: di (2,6-di-i-propyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-palladium dichloride, Di (di-i-propyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-nickel dichloride, Di (2,6-di-i-propyl-phenyl) -dimethyldiazabutadien-palladium-dimethyl, Di (2,6-di-i-propyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-nickeldimethyl, Di (2,6-dimethyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-palladium dichloride, Di (2,6-dimethyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-nickel dichloride, Di (2,6-dimethyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-dimethyldiazabutadien-palladium, Di (2,6-dimethyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-nickeldimethyl, Di (2-methyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-palladium dichloride, Di (2-methylphenyl) -2,3-dimethyll-diazabutadiene-nickel dichloride, Di (2-methyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-dimethyldiazabutadien-palladium, Di (2-methyl-phenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-nickel dimethyl, Diphenyl-2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-palladium-dichloride, diphenyl-2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-nickel-dichloride, Diphenyl-2,3-dimethyl-diazabutadiene-palladium-dimethyl, diphenyl-2,3-dimethyl-liazabutadiene-nickel-dimethyl, Di (2,6-dimethylphenyl) azanaphthene palladium dichloride, di (2,6-dimethylphenyl) azanaphthene nickel dichloride, Di (2,6-dimethylphenyl) -azanaphten-palladium-dimethyl, di (2,6-dimethyl-phenyl) -azanaphten-nickel-dimethyl, 1,1'-dipyridyl-palladium-dichloride, 1,1'-dipyridyl-nickel-dichloride, 1,1'-dipyridyl-palladium-dimethyl, 1,1'-dipyridyl-nickel-dimethyl.

Particularly suitable compounds (XIX) are also those which are described in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, pp. 4049 ff. (1998), J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commurt. 1998, 849 and WO 98/27124. E ^F is preferably nitrogen and R ^19F and R ^25F in (XIX) are preferably phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthranyl, o-, m-, p-methylphenyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, or 2,6-dimethylphenyl, -dichlorophenyl, or - dibromophenyl, 2-chloro-6-methylphenyl, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- or 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl, in particular 2,3-or 2,6-dimethylphenyl, -DÜsopropylphenyl, -Dichlorphenyl, or - dibromophenyl and 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl. At the same time, R ^20F and R ^{24F are} preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, benzyl or phenyl , especially hydrogen or methyl. R ^21F and R ^23F are preferably hydrogen and R ^{22F is} preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl, in particular hydrogen. Complexes of the ligands F-XIX with transition metals Fe, Co or Ni, in particular Fe, are preferred. 2,6-Diacetylpyridinebis (2,4-dimethylphenylimine) iron dichloride, 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2,4,6-trimethylphenylimine) iron dichloride, 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2-chloro-6-methylphenyl) iron dichloride, 2 are particularly preferred , 6-Diacetylpyridinbis (2,6-diisopropylphenylimine) iron dichloride, 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2,6-dichlorophenylimine) iron dichloride, 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde bis (2,6-diisopropylphenylimine) iron dichloride, 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2.4 -dimethylphenylimine) cobalt dichloride, 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2,4,6-trimethylphenylimine) cobalt dichloride, 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2-chloro-6-methylphenyl) cobaltdichloride, 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2,6-diisopropylphenylimine) cobalt dichloride , 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (2,6-dichlorophenylimine) cobalt dichloride and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde bis (2,6-diisopropylphenylimine) cobalt dichloride.

As catalysts D) can also Iminophenolate complexes are used, the ligands for example starting from substituted or unsubstituted salicylaldehydes and primary Amines, especially substituted or unsubstituted arylamines, getting produced. Also transition metal complexes with Pi ligands that contain one or more heteroatoms in the Pi system, such as the Boratabenzolligand, the pyrrolyl anion or the phospholyl anion, can be used as catalysts D).

Furthermore, are as catalysts D) Complexes are suitable for the bidentate or tridentate chelating ligands have. With such ligands, for example, an ether with an amine or amide functionality or an amide with a heteroaromatic linked like pyridine.

Such combinations of components A) and D) can be used, for example, to produce bimodal products or to produce comonomers in situ. At least monocyclopentadienyl complex A) is preferably used in the presence of at least one catalyst D) customary for the polymerization of olefins and, if desired, one or more activating compounds C). Depending on the catalyst combinations A) and D), one or more activating compounds C) are advantageous. The polymerization catalysts D) can also be supported and used simultaneously or in any order with the complex A) according to the invention. The monocyclopentadienyl complex A) and the polymerization catalysts D) can be applied, for example, together on a support B) or different supports B). Mixtures of different catalysts can also be used as component D) be set. The molar ratio of monocyclopentadienyl complex A) to polymerization catalyst B) is usually in the range from 1: 100 to 100: 1, preferably from 1:20 to 20: 1 and particularly preferably from 1:10 to 10: 1.

As a further component E), the catalyst system can additionally contain a metal compound of the general formula (XX), M ^G (R ^1G ) _r G (R ^2G ) _s G (R ^3G ) _t G (XX) in the
M ^{G means} Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, zinc, in particular Li, Na, K, Mg, boron, aluminum or Zn,
R ^{1G is} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl, each having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 C atoms in the aryl radical,
R ^2G and R ^{3G are} hydrogen, halogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl or alkoxy each having 1 to 20 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 C atoms in the aryl radical, or alkoxy with C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl or C ₆ -C ₁₅ aryl,
r ^{G is} an integer from 1 to 3 and
s ^G and t ^G are integers from 0 to 2, with the sum r ^G + s ^G + t ^G corresponding to the valence of M ^G,
included, wherein component E) is not identical to component C). Mixtures of different metal compounds of the formula (XX) can also be used.

Of the metal compounds of the general formula (XX), those are preferred in which
M ^{G means} lithium, magnesium, boron or aluminum and
R ^{1G is} C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl.

Particularly preferred metal compounds of the formula (XX) are methyl lithium, ethyl lithium, n-butyllithium, methyl magnesium chloride, Methylmagnesium bromide, ethylmagnesium chloride, ethylmagnesium bromide, butylmagnesium chloride, Dimethylmagnesium, diethylmagnesium, dibutylmagnesium, n-butyl-n-octylmagnesium, n-butyl-n-heptyl-magnesium, especially n-butyl-n-octylmagnesium, Tri-n-hexyl aluminum, tri-iso-butyl aluminum, tri-n-butyl aluminum, Triethyl aluminum, dimethyl aluminum chloride, dimethyl aluminum fluoride, Methyl aluminum dichloride, methyl aluminum sesquichloride, diethyl aluminum chloride and trimethyl aluminum and mixtures thereof. Even the partial ones Hydrolysis products of aluminum alkyls with alcohols can be used become.

If a metal compound E) is used, it is preferably present in the catalyst system in such an amount that the molar ratio of M ^G from formula (XX) to transition metal from monocyclopentadienyl compound A) is preferably from 2000: 1 to 0.1: 1 from 800: 1 to 0.2: 1 and particularly preferably from 100: 1 to 1: 1.

As a rule, the catalyst becomes solid together with further metal compound E) of the general formula (XX), which differs from that in the manufacture of the Distinguish catalyst test substance used metal compounds E) can, as part of a catalyst system for polymerization or copolymerization of olefins used. It is also possible, in particular then when the catalyst solid is not an activating component C) contains that this Additional catalyst system one or more activating compounds to the catalyst solid C) contains the same or different from possibly in the catalyst solid containing activating compounds C).

Is preferred for the production of catalyst systems according to the invention at least one of the components A) and / or C) on the carrier B) Physisorption or also through a chemical reaction, that means a covalent connection of the components, with reactive groups fixed on the carrier surface. The order of combining carrier component B), component A) and optionally component C) is optional. The components A) and C) can independently from each other or also simultaneously or premixed to B) become. After the individual process steps, the solid can suitable inert solvents such as aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons.

In a preferred embodiment the monocyclopentadienyl complex A) in a suitable solvent brought into contact with the activating compound C), usually a soluble Reaction product, an adduct or a mixture is obtained. The The preparation obtained in this way is then pretreated with the one, if necessary carrier B) contacted, and the solvent completely or partially removed. A solid is then preferably obtained in the form of a free flowing Powder. examples for the technical implementation of the above method is described in WO 96/00243, WO 98/40419 or WO 00/05277. Another preferred embodiment is, initially to produce the cation-forming compound C) on the carrier B) and then this supported cation-forming compound with the monocyclopentadienyl complex A) contact.

Component D) can also be implemented in any order with components A) and optionally B), C) and E). D) is preferably brought into contact with component C) first and then with components A) and B) and possibly other C) proceed as above. In another preferred embodiment, a catalyst solid composed of components A), B) and C) is shown as described above and is brought into contact with component E) during, at the beginning or shortly before the polymerization. E) is preferably first brought into contact with the α-olefin to be polymerized and then the catalyst solid composed of components A), B) and C) is added as described above.

The monocyclopentadienyl complex A) can be either before or after contacting the polymerized Olefins in contact with the component or components C) and / or D) to be brought. Pre-activation with one or more Components C) before mixing with the olefin and further addition the same or different components C) and / or D) after contacting this mixture with the olefin is possible. A pre-activation usually takes place at temperatures between 10-100 ° C, preferably between 20-80 ° C.

It is also possible to prepolymerize the catalyst system first with α-olefins, preferably linear C ₂ -C ₁₀ -1-alkenes and in particular with ethylene or propylene, and then to use the resulting prepolymerized catalyst solid in the actual polymerization. The mass ratio of the catalyst solid used in the prepolymerization to the copolymerized monomer is usually in the range from 1: 0.1 to 1: 1000, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 200.

Furthermore, as an additive during or after the production of the catalyst system a small amount of one Olefins, preferably an olefin, for example vinylcyclohexane, styrene or phenyldimethylvinylsilane, as a modifying component, an antistatic or a suitable one inert compound such as a wax or oil can be added. The molar relationship from additives to transition metal compounds B) is usually from 1: 1000 to 1000: 1, preferably from 1: 5 to 20: 1.

The catalyst systems according to the invention are suitable for the polymerization of olefins and especially for the polymerization of α-olefins, ie hydrocarbons with terminal double bonds. Suitable monomers can be functionalized olefinically unsaturated compounds such as acrolein, ester or amide derivatives of acrylic or methacrylic acid; for example acrylates, methacrylates or acrylonitrile or vinyl esters, for example vinyl acetate. Nonpolar olefinic compounds are preferred, including aryl-substituted α-olefins. Particularly preferred α-olefins are linear or branched C ₂ -C ₁₂ -1-alkenes, in particular linear C ₂ -C ₁₀ -1-alkenes such as ethene, propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene , 1-octene, 1-decene or branched C ₂ -C ₁₀ -1-alkenes such as 4-methyl-1-pentene, conjugated and non-conjugated dienes such as 1,3-butadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, or 1.7 -Octadiene or vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene or substituted styrene. Mixtures of different α-olefins can also be polymerized. At least one olefin selected from the group ethene, propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene and 1-decene is preferably polymerized.

Suitable olefins are also those in which the double bond is part of a cyclic structure which can have one or more ring systems. Examples include cyclopentene, cyclohexene, norbornene, tetracyclododecene or methylnorbornene or dienes such as 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, norbornadiene or ethylnorbornadiene. Mixtures of two or more olefins can also be polymerized. In contrast to some known iron and cobalt complexes, the monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention show good polymerization activity even with higher α-olefins, so that their suitability for copolymerization is particularly noteworthy. In particular, the monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention can be used for the polymerization or copolymerization of ethene or propene. C ₃ -C ₈ α-olefins or norbornene, in particular 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene and / or 1-octene, are preferably used as comonomers in the ethene polymerization. Monomer mixtures with at least 50 mol% of ethene are preferably used. Preferred comonomers in propylene polymerization are ethene and / or butene.

The polymerization can be done in a known manner Way in bulk, in suspension, in the gas phase or in a supercritical Medium in the usual, for the Polymerization of olefins used reactors are carried out. It can be carried out discontinuously or preferably continuously in one or several stages. High-pressure polymerization processes are coming in tubular reactors or car claws, solution processes, suspension processes, stirred Gas phase processes or gas phase fluidized bed processes into consideration.

The polymerizations are usually carried out at temperatures in the range from -60 to 350 ° C. and under pressures from 0.5 to 4000 bar with average residence times from 0.5 to 5 hours, preferably from 0.5 to 3 hours. The advantageous pressure and temperature ranges for carrying out the polymerizations usually depend on the polymerization method. In the high-pressure polymerization processes, which are usually carried out at pressures between 1000 and 4000 bar, in particular between 2000 and 3500 bar, high polymerization temperatures are generally also set. Advantageous temperature ranges for these high pressure polymerization processes are between 200 and 320 ° C, in particular between 220 and 290 ° C. In the case of low-pressure polymerization processes, a temperature is generally set which is at least a few degrees below the softening temperature of the polymer. In particular temperatures between 50 and 180 ° C., preferably between 70 and 120 ° C., are set in these polymerization processes. In the case of suspension polymerizations, polymerization is usually carried out in a suspending agent, preferably in an inert hydrocarbon, such as, for example, isobutane, or mixtures of hydrocarbons, or else in the monomers themselves. The polymerization temperatures are generally in the range from -20 to 115 ° C, the pressure generally in the range from 1 to 100 bar. The solids content of the suspension is generally in the range from 10 to 80%. It can be carried out batchwise, for example in stirred autoclaves, or continuously, for example in tubular reactors, preferably in loop reactors. In particular, according to the Phillips-PF method, as in the US-A 3,242,150 and US-A 3,248,179 described, worked. The gas phase polymerization is generally carried out in the range from 30 to 125 ° C.

Of the polymerization processes mentioned is gas phase polymerization, especially in gas phase fluidized bed reactors, solution polymerization, as well as suspension polymerization, especially in loop and stirred tank reactors, particularly preferred. The gas phase polymerization can also in the so-called condensed or supercondensed driving styles are carried out, where some of the circulating gas is cooled below the dew point and is returned to the reactor as a two-phase mixture. Furthermore, a so-called multi-zone reactor can be used, in which two Polymerization zones are linked together and the polymer alternately, is passed several times through these two zones, the two Zones also have different polymerization conditions can. Such a reactor is described, for example, in WO 97/04015. The different or the same polymerization processes can also optionally be connected in series with one another and thus form a polymerization cascade, such as in the hostal process. Also a parallel reactor guide two or several identical or different processes are possible. Farther can in the polymerizations also molecular weight regulators, for example hydrogen, or usual Additives such as antistatic agents can also be used.

The monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to the invention and the catalyst systems containing them can also be combinatorial Methods presented or using these combinatorial methods on their polymerization activity getting tested.

By the method according to the invention polymers of olefins can be prepared. The term polymerization, as used to describe the invention herein includes both Polymerization as well as oligomerization, i.e. Oligomers and polymers with molecular weights Mw in the range of about 56 to 3000000 can by these processes are generated.

Because of their good mechanical Properties which are produced with the catalyst system according to the invention are suitable Polymers of olefins, especially for the production of films, Fibers and molded articles.

Draw the catalyst systems of the invention is characterized by the fact that it very high productivity have in the polymerization of olefins, advantages in Offer processing of the polymers after the polymerization, and to significantly fewer problems with regard to catalyst residues in the polymer to lead. The with the catalyst system according to the invention Polymers prepared are preferably suitable for such Applications that require high product purity. The catalyst systems according to the invention also show at a relatively low molar ratio of Alumoxane to organo transition metal a very good activity.

Claims (13)

Monocyclopentadienyl complexes, wherein the cyclopentadienyl system at least one over a bridge containing boron bound neutral donor containing one or more atoms of the Group 15 and / or 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, carries and on selected a metal from the group titanium in oxidation level 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten is bound. Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to Claim 1, which contain the following structural feature of the general formula (Cp) (- ZA) _m M (I), in which the variables have the following meaning: Cp is a cyclopentadienyl system

where L ^1B unahängig of one another, carbon or silicon, R ^1B -R ^6B are each independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C _{2 0} alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, alkylaryl having 1 to 10 C -Atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^7B ₃ means, where the organic radicals R ^1B -R ^{6B can} also be substituted by halogens and two geminal or vicinal radicals R ^1B -R ^6B also to a five - or six-membered ring may be bonded, and R ^1B is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C _{2 0} alkenyl, C ₆ -C _{2 0} -aryl or alkylaryl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R ^{7B can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring, u 1, 2 or 3 A being a neutral donor group containing one or more atoms of group 15 and / or 16 of the periodic table of the elements, M is a metal selected from the group titanium in the oxidation state 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten and m is 1, 2 or 3. Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to claims 1 or 2, of the general formula (Cp) (- ZA) _m MX _k (V), in which the variables have the following meaning: Cp is a cyclopentadienyl system Z is a divalent bridge between A and Cp, selected from the following group

where L ^1B independently of one another denotes carbon or silicon, R ^1B -R ^6B independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^7B ₃ , where the organic radicals R ^1B -R ^{6B can} also be substituted by halogens and two geminal or vicinal radicals R ^{1 B} -R ^6B also to a five- or six-membered ring can be connected and R ^7B independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl or alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R ^{1B can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring, u 1, 2 or 3 A being a neutral donor group containing one or more atoms of group 15 and / or 16 the periodic table of the elements, M is a metal selected from the group titanium in the oxidation state 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten, m 1, 2 or 3, X independently of one another fluorine, chlorine, bromine; Iodine, hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1-10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical, NR ¹ R ² , OR ¹ , SR ¹ , SO ₃ R ¹ , OC (O) R ¹ , CN, SCN, β-diketonate, ¹ CO, BF ₄ -, PF ₆ -, or bulky non-coordinating anions, R ¹ -R ² independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C2-C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical, SiR ³ ₃ , where the organic radicals R ¹ -R ^{2 can} also be substituted by halogens and two radicals R ¹ -R ^{2 can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring, R ³ independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl , C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R ³ each to form a five- or six-membered ring can be connected and k is 1, 2 or 3. Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to Claims 2 to 3, in which the cyclopentadienyl system Cp has the formula (II):

where the variables have the following meaning: E ^1A -E ^5A carbon or at most one E ^1A to E ^5A phosphorus, R ^1A -R ^5A independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl C ₆ -C ₂₀ - Aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, NR ^6A ₂ N (SiR ^6A ₃ ) ₂ , OR ^6A , OSiR ^6A ₃ , SiR ^6A ₃ , BR ^6A being the organic radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A can} also be substituted by halogens and in each case two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring, and / or that two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A are connected} to form a heterocycle , which contains at least one atom from the group N, P, O or S, where 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1, substituent R ^1A -R ^{5A is} a group -ZA and R ^6A independently of one another is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ - Alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two geminal radicals R ^6A each to form a five- or he six-membered ring can be connected. Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to Claims 2 to 4, in which the cyclopentadienyl system Cp together with -ZA- has the formula (IV):

where the variables have the following meaning: E ^1A -E ^5A carbon or a maximum of E ^1A to E ^5A phosphorus, R ^1A -R ^5A independently of one another hydrogen C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl C6-C ₂₀ - aryl , Alkylaryl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, NR ^6A ₂ , N (SiR ^6A ₃ ) ₂ OR ^6A , OSiR ^6A ₃ 'SiR ^6A ₃ BR ^6A ₂ where the organic radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A can} also be substituted by halogens and two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring, and / or that two vicinal radicals R ^1A -R ^{5A are connected} to a heterocycle, which contains at least one atom from the group N, P, O or S R ^6A independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical and two geminate radicals R ^{6A can} also be linked to form a five- or six-membered ring. A is a donor group containing one or more atoms from group 15 and / or 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, Z is a divalent bridge between A and Cp, selected from the following group

where L ^1B independently of one another is carbon or silicon, R ^1B -R ^6B independently of one another is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 C- Atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 C atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^7B ₃ means, where the organic radicals R ^1B -R ^{6B can} also be substituted by halogens and two geminal or vicinal radicals R ^1B -R ^6B each to a five- or a six-membered ring and R ^7B independently of one another are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl or alkylaryl having 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6- Means 20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R ^{7B can} also be linked to form a five- or six-membered ring and u is 1, 2 or 3. Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to Claims 2 to 5, in which A is an unsubstituted, substituted or fused heteroaromatic ring system is. Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to Claims 2 to 6, in which A has the formula (III):

where the variables have the following meaning: E ^1C -E ^4C carbon or nitrogen, R ^1C -R ^4C independently of one another hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^5C ₃ , the organic radicals R ^1C -R ^4C also being formed by halogens or nitrogen and further C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C _{2 0} -alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, alkylaryl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical or SiR ^5C ₃ and two vicinal radicals R ^1C -R ^4C or R ^1C and Z can also be linked to form a five- or six-membered ring, R ^5C independently of one another is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₆ -C ₂₀ aryl or alkylaryl with 1 means up to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical and two radicals R ^{5C can} also be connected to form a five- or six-membered ring and p 0 for E ^1C -E ^4C equals nitrogen and 1 for E ^1C -E ^4C is carbon. Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to claims 1 to 7, wherein Z is selected from the group BR ^1B , BNR ^3B R ^4B , C (R ^5B R ^6B ) -BR ^1B and C (R ^5B R ^6B ) -BNR ^3B R ^4B , Monocyclopentadienyl complexes according to claims 1 to 8, wherein M is the same Is chrome Catalyst system for olefin polymerization containing A) at least one monocyclopentadienyl complex according to claims 1 to 9 B) optionally an organic or inorganic carrier, C) optionally one or more activating connections, D) optional other catalysts suitable for olefin polymerization and e) optionally one or more group 1, 2 or metal compounds 13 of the periodic table. Prepolymerized catalyst system containing a catalyst system according to claim 10 and polymerized in addition one or more linear C ₂ -C ₁₀ -1 alkenes in a mass ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1: 1000 based on the catalyst system. Use of a catalyst system according to claims 10 or 11 for the polymerization or copolymerization of olefins. Process for the preparation of polyolefins by polymerization or copolymerization of olefins in the presence of a catalyst system according to the claims 10 or 11.