DE10226143A1 - Controlling motor vehicle hybrid drive involves using route, vehicle-specific data to derive energy profile for route used in determining strategy, activating drive component according to strategy - Google Patents

Controlling motor vehicle hybrid drive involves using route, vehicle-specific data to derive energy profile for route used in determining strategy, activating drive component according to strategy Download PDF

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Publication number
DE10226143A1
DE10226143A1 DE2002126143 DE10226143A DE10226143A1 DE 10226143 A1 DE10226143 A1 DE 10226143A1 DE 2002126143 DE2002126143 DE 2002126143 DE 10226143 A DE10226143 A DE 10226143A DE 10226143 A1 DE10226143 A1 DE 10226143A1
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strategy
information
route
vehicle
energy
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DE10226143B4 (en
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Joachim Fröschl
Markus Kaindl
Jürgen Dr. Gebert
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/12Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using control strategies taking into account route information
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/0097Predicting future conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2220/00Monitoring, detecting driver behaviour; Signalling thereof; Counteracting thereof
    • B60T2220/02Driver type; Driving style; Driver adaptive features
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2530/00Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
    • B60W2530/10Weight
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/30Driving style
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2552/00Input parameters relating to infrastructure
    • B60W2552/05Type of road
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2552/00Input parameters relating to infrastructure
    • B60W2552/20Road profile
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2552/00Input parameters relating to infrastructure
    • B60W2552/30Road curve radius
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2554/00Input parameters relating to objects
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2554/00Input parameters relating to objects
    • B60W2554/40Dynamic objects, e.g. animals, windblown objects
    • B60W2554/406Traffic density
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2555/00Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
    • B60W2555/20Ambient conditions, e.g. wind or rain
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2555/00Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
    • B60W2555/60Traffic rules, e.g. speed limits or right of way
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2555/00Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
    • B60W2555/60Traffic rules, e.g. speed limits or right of way
    • B60W2555/80Country specific, e.g. driver age limits or right hand drive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/45External transmission of data to or from the vehicle
    • B60W2556/50External transmission of data to or from the vehicle for navigation systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/84Data processing systems or methods, management, administration

Abstract

The method involves controlling the drive depending on current and anticipated driving situation information detected via vehicle internal and external information sources. A driving strategy is determined depending on the information and other factors. The information includes route and vehicle-specific data. An energy profile is produced and used to derive a strategy according to which at least one drive component is activated or deactivated. The method involves controlling the drive depending on information about a current and anticipated driving situation detected via vehicle internal and external information sources in an electronic motor vehicle system. A driving strategy for controlling at least one drive component is determined depending on the information and on energy, safety, comfort, harmful emissions, noise and/or driver type related specifications in the electronic motor vehicle system. The information includes route data combined with vehicle-specific data so that an energy profile associated with the route is produced that is taken into account in determining the strategy and at least one drive component is activated or deactivated according to the strategy.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Steuern eines Hybridantriebs bei einem Kraftfahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for controlling a hybrid drive in a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bekannt sind Verfahren, welche bei Elektrofahrzeugen oder Fahrzeugen mit Hybridantrieb beim Bremsen ebenso wie beim Bergabfahren eine Energierückgewinnung (Rekuperation) ermöglichen.Methods are known which are used for Electric vehicles or vehicles with hybrid drive when braking energy recovery (recuperation) just like when driving downhill enable.

Weiterhin ist bekannt, die Betriebsweise wie beispielsweise Elektroantrieb oder verbrennungsmotorischer Antrieb in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrzeugumgebung zu beeinflussen. Die Informationen über die Fahrzeugumgebung kann z.B. die unmittelbare Umgebung (Stadtverkehr oder Überlandfahrt) betreffen und von einem Navigationssystem stammen.The mode of operation is also known such as electric drive or internal combustion engine drive dependent on influenced by the vehicle environment. The information about the The vehicle environment can e.g. the immediate vicinity (city traffic or overland trip) concern and come from a navigation system.

Aus DE 197 43 958 ist ein Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Antriebssystems bekannt, bei dem fahrzeuginterne und fahrzeugexterne Informationen für eine Fahrbetriebsstrategie zur Antriebssteuerung verwendet werden, welche dem Fahrer über eine Rückmeldung (z.B. aktives Gaspedal) vorgeschlagen wird.Out DE 197 43 958 A method for controlling a drive system is known, in which vehicle-internal and vehicle-external information is used for a drive operating strategy for drive control, which is proposed to the driver via a feedback (for example, an active accelerator pedal).

Dieses Verfahren ist problematisch, wenn ein kleiner elektrischer Energiespeicher verwendet wird. Je kleiner der elektrische Energiespeicher ist, desto häufiger werden Lade- und Entladevorgänge, d.h. die Energiereserven müssen effizienter genutzt werden, und das Energiemanagement wird wichtiger. Folglich müssen beim Energiemanagement möglichst alle Parameter berücksichtigt werden, mit denen ein Umschalten zwischen den Komponenten eines Hybridantriebs optimiert werden kann, so dass die Energiereserven intelligenter genutzt werden können.This procedure is problematic if a small electrical energy storage device is used. ever the smaller the electrical energy storage, the more frequent it will be Charging and discharging processes, i.e. the energy reserves must be used more efficiently and energy management becomes more important. consequently have to in energy management if possible all parameters taken into account with which switching between the components of a Hybrid drive can be optimized so that the energy reserves can be used more intelligently.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine streckenabhängige Vorhersage der Energiebilanz zu ermöglichen, so dass der elektrische Antrieb des Hybridantriebs eines Kraftfahrzeugs effizienter genutzt werden kann.Object of the present invention is a route dependent To enable prediction of the energy balance, so that the electrical Drive of the hybrid drive of a motor vehicle used more efficiently can be.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch das Verfahren nach Anspruch 1. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the method of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden fahrzeugspezifische Daten (z.B. Gewicht, Antriebssystem, Wirkungsgradkette, elektrischer Energiebedarf des Bordnetzes), Fahrstreckendaten, meteorologische Daten, sowie fahrerspezifische Daten (z.B. sparsam, sportlich, "nervöser Gasfuß") miteinander verknüpft. Das Ergebnis dieser Verknüpfung ist ein der Fahrstrecke zugehöriges Energieprofil, welches dem Fahrzeugantrieb als Anhaltswert bei der Wahl und Verteilung der Antriebsart, elektrisch und verbrennungsmotorisch dient. Mit anderen Worten, die gewonnene Information ist eine Stützgröße bei dem Umschalten zwischen elektrischem und verbrennungsmotorischem Antrieb.In the method according to the invention vehicle-specific data (e.g. weight, drive system, Efficiency chain, electrical energy requirements of the electrical system), route data, meteorological data, as well as driver-specific data (e.g. economical, sporty, "nervous gas foot") linked together. The The result of this link is one belonging to the route Energy profile, which the vehicle drive as a reference value at Choice and distribution of the drive type, electric and combustion engine serves. In other words, the information obtained is a base for the Switching between electric and combustion engine drive.

Das endungsgemäße Verfahren zum Steuern eines Hybridantriebs mit mehreren Antriebskomponenten bei einem Kraftfahrzeug in Abhängigkeit von Informationen über eine aktuelle und eine zu erwartende Fahrsituation, die über fahrzeuginterne und über fahrzeugexterne Informationsquellen in einem elektronischen Kraftfahrzeugsystem erfasst werden, wobei abhängig von diesen Informationen und abhängig von energie-, sicherheits-, komfort-, schadstoffemissions-, geräuschund/oder fahrertypbezogenen Vorgaben im elektronischen Kraftfahrzeugsystem eine Fahrbetriebsstrategie zur Steuerung wenigstens einer der mehreren Antriebskomponenten ermittelt wird, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Informationen Fahrstreckendaten einer Fahrstrecke umfassen, die mit fahrzeugspezifischen Daten verknüpft werden, so dass sich ein der Fahrstrecke zugehöriges Energieprofil ergibt, das bei der Ermittlung der Fahrbetriebsstrategie berücksichtigt wird, und in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrbetriebsstrategie wenigstens eine der mehreren Antriebskomponenten des Hybridantriebs automatisch aktiviert oder deaktiviert wird.The method according to the invention for controlling a Hybrid drive with multiple drive components in a motor vehicle in dependence of information about a current and an expected driving situation, which is internal to the vehicle and over information sources external to the vehicle in an electronic motor vehicle system are recorded, depending dependent on this information and of energy, safety, comfort, pollutant emissions, noise and / or Driver type-related requirements in the electronic motor vehicle system a driving strategy for controlling at least one of the plurality Drive components is determined, is characterized by that the information includes route data of a route, that are linked to vehicle-specific data so that a belonging to the route Energy profile results when determining the driving strategy considered will, and depending at least one of the multiple drive components from the driving operation strategy of the hybrid drive is automatically activated or deactivated.

Insbesondere können die Informationen außerdem mit meteorologischen Daten bzw. mit fahrerspezifischen Daten verknüpft werden.In particular, the information can also be used meteorological data or linked to driver-specific data.

Ein Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass ihre Implementierung kostengünstig ist, da es sich im wesentlichen um eine Softwarelösung handelt. Ferner wird das Potential der Verbrauchseinsparung effizienter ausgeschöpft und damit der Energieeinsatz optimiert, so dass auch die Emissionen reduziert werden. Daraus ergibt sich wiederum eine Verbesserung des Komforts und eine Verminderung des Verschleißes.An advantage of the invention is in that their implementation is inexpensive as it is essentially a software solution is. Furthermore, the potential for saving fuel consumption becomes more efficient exhausted and thus optimizes the use of energy so that the emissions be reduced. This in turn results in an improvement in Comfort and a reduction in wear.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels, bei der Bezug genommen wird auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen.Other features and advantages of Invention result from the following description of an embodiment, reference is made to the accompanying drawings.

  • 1 zeigt ein Blockschaltbild mit Sensor-, Bewertungs- und Antriebskomponenten des Hybridantriebs in einem Fahrzeug für die Umsetzung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. 1 shows a block diagram with sensor, evaluation and drive components of the hybrid drive in a vehicle for implementing the method according to the invention.
  • 2 zeigt ein Flussdiagramm eines Teils einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. 2 shows a flow diagram of part of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.

In 1 ist ein Hybridantrieb 1 gezeigt, der hier speziell eine Verbrennungsmaschine 2 und eine Elektromaschine umfasst. Der Elektromotor 3 ist mit einem Energiespeicher 4, d.h. mit einer Fahrzeugbatterie oder mit einem "Super-Cap" verbunden. Er kann als Motor oder als Elektrogenerator betrieben werden. Im ersten Fall wird mit Energie aus dem Energiespeicher 4 versorgt und treibt so das Fahrzeug an, im zweiten Fall wirkt er als Bremse und speist elektrische Energie in den Energiespeicher 4 zurück. Die Verbindung zwischen dem Elektromotor 3 und dem Energiespeicher 4 ist daher durch zwei parallele Doppelpfeile dargestellt.In 1 is a hybrid drive 1 shown here specifically an internal combustion engine 2 and includes an electric machine. The electric motor 3 is with an energy storage 4 , ie connected to a vehicle battery or to a "super cap". It can be operated as a motor or as an electric generator. In the first case, energy is generated from the ener giespeicher 4 supplies and drives the vehicle, in the second case it acts as a brake and feeds electrical energy into the energy store 4 back. The connection between the electric motor 3 and the energy storage 4 is therefore represented by two parallel double arrows.

Um den Energiespeicher 4 optimal nutzen zu können, wird der Verbrennungsmotor 2 und der Elektromotor bzw. Generator 3 bedarfsweise zugeschaltet, d.h. die Leistung beider Antriebe wird je nach Anforderung koordiniert. Dazu wird eine Fahrbetriebsstrategie aufgestellt. Dies erfolgt anhand von Eingangsgrößen, die durch Sensoren erfasst werden, und vorher abgespeicherter Parameter wie Fahrertyp oder gewählte Fahrstrecke. Die Sensoren sind Teil eines Eingangsblock 5, der einerseits einen Umfelderfassungsblock 6 für das Erfassen von Signalen und Informationen und andererseits eine Recheneinheit 7 für die Vorauswertung der erfassten Größen umfasst.To the energy storage 4 The internal combustion engine will be able to make optimal use of it 2 and the electric motor or generator 3 switched on as required, ie the performance of both drives is coordinated depending on the requirements. For this, a driving strategy is drawn up. This is done on the basis of input variables, which are recorded by sensors, and previously stored parameters such as driver type or selected route. The sensors are part of an input block 5 which on the one hand is an environment detection block 6 for the acquisition of signals and information and on the other hand an arithmetic unit 7 for the pre-evaluation of the recorded quantities.

Der Umfelderfassungsblock 6 enthält u.a. Sensoren 8 für Fahrerdaten und Fahrzeugdaten, die Sensoren für ein Navigationssystem 9 zum Ermitteln von geografischen Daten, ein Empfängersystem 10 für das Empfangen von fernübertragenen Verkehrsinformationen, darunter auch meteorologische Daten, und einen Speicher 11 für Streckendaten.The environment detection block 6 includes sensors 8th for driver data and vehicle data, the sensors for a navigation system 9 to determine geographic data, a receiver system 10 for receiving remote traffic information, including meteorological data, and a memory 11 for route data.

Beispiele für die Daten der Sensoren 8 für die Fahrerdaten und Fahrzeugdaten sind das Gewicht, die momentane Leistung der Brennkraftmaschine oder des Elektromotors, die momentane Geschwindigkeit etc. und Größen, die den momentanen Fahrbetriebszustand kennzeichnen, wie z.B. die Bremspedalbetätigung, die Fahrpedalbetätigung, die Schalthebel- bzw. Positionswählhebelbetätigung oder der Speicherzustand des Energiespeichers (z.B. der Tankinhalt oder die Ladung der Batterie oder des "Super-Caps"). Die geografischen Daten des Navigationssystems 9 sind Daten, die einer digitalen Straßenkarte entnommen wurden, oder die von einem satellitengestützten System stammen. Sie beinhalten Höhenangaben, Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzungen, Steigungen, Kurven, Ampelpositionen, Kreuzungen etc.. Die Daten des Empfängersystems 10 sind insbesondere Staumeldungen, Straßensperrungen und Unfallmeldungen, aber auch meteorologische Daten wie Informationen über Regen und Glatteis. Ein bekanntes System für fernübertragene Verkehrsdaten ist beispielsweise das RDS- TMC-System.Examples of sensor data 8th for the driver data and vehicle data are the weight, the instantaneous power of the internal combustion engine or the electric motor, the instantaneous speed etc. and quantities which characterize the instantaneous driving operating state, such as for example the brake pedal actuation, the accelerator pedal actuation, the shift lever or position selector lever actuation or the storage state of the Energy storage (eg the tank content or the charge of the battery or the "super-cap"). The geographic data of the navigation system 9 are data that were taken from a digital road map or that come from a satellite-based system. They contain altitude information, speed limits, gradients, curves, traffic light positions, intersections etc. The data of the receiver system 10 are, in particular, traffic jams, road closures and accident reports, but also meteorological data such as information about rain and black ice. A well-known system for remote traffic data is for example the RDS-TMC system.

Im Speicher 11 sind die Daten von bereits durchfahrenen Strecken enthalten, die der Fahrer von sich aus gespeichert hat oder die automatisch gespeichert wurden. Im folgenden wird davon ausgegangen, dass der Fahrer bei Antritt einer Fahrt über nicht dargestellte Bedienelemente angibt, ob und welche der gespeicherten "Referenzstrecken" er durchfährt. Die Einzelheiten eines solchen Systems sind dem Fachmann bekannt und werden hier nicht weiter erläutert.In the storage room 11 it contains the data of routes that have already been traveled, which the driver has saved himself or which have been saved automatically. In the following it is assumed that when starting a journey the driver uses control elements (not shown) to indicate whether and which of the stored “reference routes” he is driving through. The details of such a system are known to the person skilled in the art and are not explained further here.

Die Eingangsgrößen von dem Umfelderfassungsblock 6 werden in der Recheneinheit 7 im Hinblick auf energie-, sicherheits-, komfort-, schadstoffemissions-, geräusch- und/oder fahrertypbezogenen Vorgaben weiterverarbeitet. Dazu werden die Werte des Navigationssystems 8, des Empfängersystems 9 für das Empfangen von fernübertragenen Verkehrsinformationen und die Sensoren 10 für Fahrerdaten und Fahrzeugdaten werden von der Recheneinheit 7 eingelesen, die entsprechend den Elementen des Umfelderfassungsblockes 6 eine Teileinheit 7a für die Berechnung von Energieäquivalenten, eine Teileinheit 7b für die Korrektur des Energieäquivalents je nach Art der befahrenen Straße und eine Teileinheit 7c für die Korrektur des Energieäquivalents in Abhängigkeit von der empfangenen Verkehrsinformation und meteorologische Information wie z.B. vereiste Fahrbahn, Nebel, Regen, Windstärke und -richtung usw. enthält. In einer weiteren Teileinheit 7d wird das so errechnete und korrigierte Energieprofil an die momentane Fahrstrecke adaptiert.The input quantities from the environment detection block 6 are in the arithmetic unit 7 processed with regard to energy, safety, comfort, pollutant emissions, noise and / or driver type-related specifications. To do this, the values of the navigation system 8th , the receiver system 9 for receiving remote traffic information and sensors 10 for driver data and vehicle data are from the computing unit 7 read in according to the elements of the environment detection block 6 a subunit 7a for the calculation of energy equivalents, a subunit 7b for the correction of the energy equivalent depending on the type of road and a subunit 7c for the correction of the energy equivalent depending on the traffic information received and meteorological information such as icy road, fog, rain, wind strength and direction, etc. In another subunit 7d the energy profile calculated and corrected in this way is adapted to the current route.

Das Ergebnis der Berechnungen in der Recheneinheit 7 wird in einen Fahrbetriebsstrategieblock 12 eingegeben, der beispielsweise im Hinblick auf den Verbrauch, den Zeitbedarf, die Sicherheit, den Verkehrsfluss, den Komfort und den ermittelten Fahrertyp eine Fahrbetriebsstrategie ermittelt. Dabei werden die Eingriffe in die Antriebsysteme 2 und 3, d.h. in das Bremssystem, in die Motorsteuerung und/oder in die Automatikgetriebesteuerung im Sinne von Verzögerung, Konstantfahrt und/oder Beschleunigung optimiert.The result of the calculations in the arithmetic unit 7 gets into a driving strategy block 12 entered, which determines a driving operation strategy, for example with regard to consumption, time requirements, safety, traffic flow, comfort and the determined driver type. The interventions in the drive systems 2 and 3 , ie optimized in the brake system, in the engine control and / or in the automatic transmission control in terms of deceleration, constant travel and / or acceleration.

Die so ermittelte Fahrbetriebsstrategie wird von dem Fahrbetriebsstrategieblock 12 an eine zentrale Hybridantriebssteuerung 16 weitergeleitet, von der sie in Umschaltbefehle für die Antriebskomponenten 2 und 3 des Hybridantriebs 1 umgesetzt wird.The driving operation strategy determined in this way is determined by the driving operation strategy block 12 to a central hybrid drive control 16 forwarded from it in switching commands for the drive components 2 and 3 of the hybrid drive 1 is implemented.

Die Umsetzung der Fahrbetriebsstrategie in Umschaltbefehle für die Antriebskomponenten 2 und 3 des Hybridantriebs 1 erfolgt bei der Ausführungsform nach 1 in Abhängigkeit von Stellgrößen, die der Fahrer eingibt. Somit hat die zentrale Hybridantriebssteuerung 16 einen zweiten Eingang, über den sie mit einem Stellgrößen- oder Fahrbedienungsblock 13 verbunden ist, der u.a. ein Bremspedal 14 und ein Fahrpedal 15 umfasst, über die der Fahrer seine Vorgaben eingibt.The implementation of the driving operation strategy in switching commands for the drive components 2 and 3 of the hybrid drive 1 takes place in the embodiment after 1 depending on the manipulated variables entered by the driver. The central hybrid drive control thus has 16 a second input, via which they are connected to a manipulated variable or driving control block 13 connected, which includes a brake pedal 14 and an accelerator pedal 15 which the driver uses to enter his specifications.

Sind die Stellgrößen längere Zeit stabil, so wird die Fahrbetriebsstrategie, die von dem Fahrbetriebsstrategieblock 12 erstellt wurde, von der zentralen Hybridantriebssteuerung 16 angenommen. Bei kurzfristiger Änderung der Stellgrößen, beispielsweise weil der Fahrer die Stellung des Fahrpedals 15 verändert hat, wird die Fahrbetriebsstrategie von der zentralen Hybridsteuerung 16 verworfen, und es wird aufgrund neuer Erfassungswerte von dem Eingangsblock 5 und dem Umfelderfassungsblock 6 darin sowie aufgrund neuer Berechnungen durch die Recheneinheit 7 von dem Fahrbetriebsstrategieblock 12 eine neue Strategie aufgestellt und von der zentralen Hybridantriebssteuerung 16 angenommen bzw. erneut verworfen. Dies erfolgt solange, bis ein stationärer Zustand erreicht wurde, in welchem keine weiteren kurzfristigen Änderungen mehr auftreten.If the manipulated variables are stable for a longer period of time, the driving strategy is that of the driving strategy block 12 was created by the central hybrid drive control 16 accepted. In the event of a short-term change in the manipulated variables, for example because the driver changes the position of the accelerator pedal 15 the driving strategy is changed by the central hybrid control 16 discarded and it is due to new detection values from the input block 5 and the environment detection block 6 therein as well as based on new calculations by the computing unit 7 from the driving strategy block 12 set up a new strategy and from the central hybrid drive control 16 assumed or he rejected again. This continues until a steady state has been reached in which no further short-term changes occur.

In 2 ist eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dargestellt.In 2 An embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown.

Bei dem Verfahren zum Steuern eines Hybridantriebs in Abhängigkeit von Informationen über eine aktuelle und eine zu erwartende Fahrsituation, die über fahrzeuginterne und über fahrzeugexterne Informationsquellen in einem elektronischen Kraftfahrzeugsystem erfasst werden, werden in einem ersten Berechnungsblock Energieäquivalente berechnet, die die Basis für die Steuerung des Hybridantriebs 1 darstellen. Der erste Berechnungsblock entspricht Schritt 17 in 2 und wird in der Recheneinheit 7a durchgeführt. Aus den Fahrzeugdaten wird ein Parameter berechnet, welcher sich beispielsweise aus Fahrzeuggewicht, Zuladung, Wirkungsgradkette und Anhängerbetrieb zusammensetzt. Dieser Parameter wird bei der Umrechnung von Höhendifferenzen und Fahrzeugbremsungen bzw. -Beschleunigungen in Energieäquivalente benötigt.In the method for controlling a hybrid drive as a function of information about a current and an expected driving situation, which are recorded in an electronic vehicle system via vehicle-internal and vehicle-external information sources, energy equivalents are calculated in a first calculation block, which form the basis for the control of the hybrid drive 1 represent. The first calculation block corresponds to step 17 in 2 and is in the arithmetic unit 7a carried out. A parameter is calculated from the vehicle data, which is composed, for example, of vehicle weight, payload, efficiency chain and trailer operation. This parameter is required when converting height differences and vehicle braking or accelerations into energy equivalents.

Das Ergebnis von dem ersten Berechnungsblock wird nachfolgend in einem zweiten Berechnungsblock korrigiert, wenn weitere Einflüsse aufgrund von geänderten Verkehrswegebedingungen vorliegen oder zu erwarten sind. Mit anderen Worten, die Energieäquivalente werden in Abhängigkeit von der Straßenart korrigiert, wobei berücksichtigt wird, ob es sich beispielsweise um eine Autobahn oder einen Feldweg handelt. Ferner werden in diesem zweiten Berechnungsblock Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzungen, Kurven und Kreuzungen berücksichtigt. Der zweite Berechnungsblock entspricht Schritt 18 in 2 und wird in der Recheneinheit 7b durchgeführt.The result from the first calculation block is subsequently corrected in a second calculation block if further influences due to changed traffic route conditions are present or are to be expected. In other words, the energy equivalents are corrected depending on the type of road, taking into account whether it is, for example, a motorway or a dirt road. Speed limits, curves and intersections are also taken into account in this second calculation block. The second calculation block corresponds to step 18 in 2 and is in the arithmetic unit 7b carried out.

Einflüsse, die bisher noch nicht berücksichtigt werden konnten, werden im nachfolgenden dritten Berechnungsblock herangezogen. Dabei handelt es sich z.B. um Verkehrsinformationen, die bereits in Zusammenhang mit 1 angesprochen wurden. Beispielsweise erfolgt in diesem dritten Berechnungsblock eine weitere Korrektur der Energieäquivalente aufgrund von Staumeldungen. Aber auch meteorologische Daten wie beispielsweise Eisglätte, Temperatur, Sonneneinstrahlung und Wind fließen ein, die ebenfalls Teil der Verkehrsinformationen sein können. Der dritte Berechnungsblock entspricht Schritt 19 in 2 und wird in der Recheneinheit 7c durchgeführt.Influences that could not yet be taken into account are used in the third calculation block below. This is, for example, traffic information that is already related to 1 were addressed. For example, in this third calculation block there is a further correction of the energy equivalents based on traffic jam reports. But also meteorological data such as ice, temperature, solar radiation and wind are included, which can also be part of the traffic information. The third calculation block corresponds to step 19 in 2 and is in the arithmetic unit 7c carried out.

Schließlich wird bei der in 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eine Adaption der errechneten Energieäquivalente an das Fahrprofil durchgeführt. Das bedeutet, dass das bis hierher errechnete Energieprofil für eine aktuelle Fahrstrecke ermittelt wird. Für eine immer wiederkehrende Fahrstrecke, z.B. die tägliche Fahrt zur Arbeit und zurück, wird das Energieprofil mit Hilfe der tatsächlich aufgetretenen Werte angepasst, d.h. das Fahrprofil wird adaptiert. Dabei können Ungenauigkeiten der vorliegenden Streckendaten oder Fahrergewohnheiten fehlertolerant eingebunden werden, d.h. kleine Abweichungen von einem einmal abgespeicherten Fahr- bzw. Streckenprofil bleiben unberücksichtigt. Der vierte Berechnungsblock entspricht Schritt 20 in 2 und wird in der Recheneinheit 7d durchgeführt.Finally, at the in 2 shown embodiment of the method according to the invention an adaptation of the calculated energy equivalents to the driving profile. This means that the energy profile calculated up to this point is determined for a current route. For a constantly recurring route, for example the daily trip to work and back, the energy profile is adjusted using the values that have actually occurred, ie the driving profile is adapted. Inaccuracies in the existing route data or driver habits can be incorporated in a fault-tolerant manner, ie small deviations from a route or route profile that has been stored once are not taken into account. The fourth calculation block corresponds to step 20 in 2 and is in the arithmetic unit 7d carried out.

Abschließend wird in Schritt 21 das Umschalten der Antriebskomponenten 2 und 3 vorgenommen. Damit ist das Verfahren zur Steuerung der Antriebskomponenten 2 und 3 des Hybridantriebs 1 beendet, und das Verfahren springt zur Korrektur der in Schritt 17 errechneten Energieäquivalente zurück, um kurzfristige Änderungen der Parameter berücksichtigen zu können.Finally, in step 21 the switching of the drive components 2 and 3 performed. This is the procedure for controlling the drive components 2 and 3 of the hybrid drive 1 ended, and the method returns to the correction of the energy equivalents calculated in step 17 in order to be able to take into account short-term changes in the parameters.

Damit wird im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik die Anpassung der Umschaltsteuerung von Hybridantrieben mit den zugehörigen Energiespeichern an wiederkehrende Fahrstrecken, z.B. den Weg zur Arbeit, möglich.In contrast to the stand the technology of adapting the switchover control of hybrid drives with the associated Energy storage on recurring routes, e.g. the way to Work, possible.

Im folgenden wird ein kurzes Beispiel für das oben erläuterte erfindungsgemäße Verfahren angegeben. Bei einer Bergabfahrt auf einer Alpenpassstrasse liegt der Schwerpunkt auf Energierückgewinnung, d.h. auf dem Laden des oder der Energiespeicher. Voraussetzung ist aber die Aufnahmefähigkeit derselben. Dies hängt aber insbesondere bei kleinen Energiespeichern von der Entladung ab, welche durch dazwischenliegende Beschleunigungsstrecken abhängt. Reichen diese nicht aus, um den Energiespeicher genügend aufnahmefähig zu halten, ist auch die Verwendung der Überschussenergie beispielsweise für die Motor-Innenraumaufheizung denkbar. Hierdurch wird ein Abkühlen verhindert bzw. ein Aufheizen des Motors gefördert, ohne Kraftstoff zu benötigen. Im einfachsten Fall geschieht diese Bergabfahrt rein elektrisch, mit dem Nebeneffekt, dass der Verbrennungsmotor beim Starten bereits betriebswarm ist, was neben einer deutlichen Emissionsminderung auch zu einer Verschleißminderung führt.The following is a brief example for the above explained inventive method specified. On a downhill run on an Alpine pass road the focus on energy recovery, i.e. on the charging of the energy store (s). Requirement is but their receptivity. This depends but especially in the case of small energy stores from discharge which depends on the acceleration distances in between. Pass not enough to keep the energy storage sufficiently receptive, is also the use of excess energy for example for the engine interior heating conceivable. This will cool down prevents or promotes heating of the engine without using fuel. in the In the simplest case, this downhill run is purely electric, with the side effect that the internal combustion engine is already warm when starting is what, in addition to a significant reduction in emissions, also leads to a Wear reduction leads.

11
Hybridantriebhybrid drive
22
Verbrennungsmaschinecombustion engine
33
Elektromotor/-generatorElectric motor / generator
44
Energiespeicherenergy storage
55
Eingangsblockinput block
66
UmfelderfassungsblockEnvironment detection block
77
Recheneinheit,Processing unit,
7a7a
Recheneinheit für Berechnung von Energieäquivalentcomputer unit for calculation of energy equivalent
7b7b
Recheneinheit,Processing unit,
7b 7b
Recheneinheit für Straßenart-Korrektur,computer unit for street type correction,
7c  7c
Recheneinheit für Verkehrsinformations-Korrektur und meteorologische Korrektur,computer unit for traffic information correction and meteorological correction,
7d7d
Recheneinheit für Adaption an Fahrstreckecomputer unit for adaptation on route
88th
Speicher und Sensoren für Fahrerdaten und FahrzeugdatenStorage and sensors for Driver data and vehicle data
99
Navigationssystemnavigation system
1010
Empfängersystem für fernübertragene Verkehrsinformationen und meteorologische Datenreceiver system for remote broadcasts Traffic information and meteorological data
1111
Speicher für StreckendatenStorage for route data
1212
FahrbetriebsstrategieblockDriving strategy block
1313
StellgrößenblockManipulated variable block
1414
Bremspedalbrake pedal
1515
Fahrpedalaccelerator
1616
zentrale Hybridantriebssteuerungcentral Hybrid drive control
1717
erster Berechnungsblock: Berechnung der Energieäquivalentefirst Calculation block: calculation of energy equivalents
1818
zweiter Berechnungsblock: Korrektur der Energieäquivalente aufgrund von Einflüssen der Verkehrswegesecond Calculation block: correction of energy equivalents due to influences of the traffic routes
1919
dritter Berechnungsblock: Korrektur der Energieäquivalente aufgrund von Verkehrsinformationenthird Calculation block: correction of energy equivalents based on traffic information
2020
vierter Berechnungsblock: Adaption an Fahrprofilfourth Calculation block: adaptation to driving profile
2121
Steuerung der Antriebskomponentencontrol of the drive components

Claims (4)

Verfahren zum Steuern eines Hybridantriebs mit mehreren Antriebskomponenten (2, 3, 4) bei einem Kraftfahrzeug in Abhängigkeit von Informationen über eine aktuelle und eine zu erwartende Fahrsituation, die über fahrzeuginterne und über fahrzeugexterne Informationsquellen in einem elektronischen Kraftfahrzeugsystem erfasst werden, wobei abhängig von diesen Informationen und abhängig von energie-, sicherheits-, komfort-, schadstoffemissions-, geräusch- und/oder fahrertypbezogenen Vorgaben im elektronischen Kraftfahrzeugsystem eine Fahrbetriebsstrategie zur Steuerung wenigstens einer der mehreren Antriebskomponenten (2, 3, 4) ermittelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Informationen Fahrstreckendaten einer Fahrstrecke umfassen, die mit fahrzeugspezifischen Daten verknüpft werden, so dass sich ein der Fahrstrecke zugehöriges Energieprofil ergibt, das bei der Ermittlung der Fahrbetriebsstrategie berücksichtigt wird, und in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrbetriebsstrategie wenigstens eine der mehreren Antriebskomponenten (2, 3, 4) des Hybridantriebs automatisch aktiviert oder deaktiviert wird.Method for controlling a hybrid drive with multiple drive components ( 2 . 3 . 4 ) in the case of a motor vehicle as a function of information about a current and an expected driving situation, which are recorded in an electronic motor vehicle system via vehicle-internal and vehicle-external information sources, depending on this information and on energy, safety, comfort, pollutant emission , noise and / or driver type-related specifications in the electronic motor vehicle system, a driving operation strategy for controlling at least one of the several drive components ( 2 . 3 . 4 ) is determined, characterized in that the information includes route data of a route, which are linked to vehicle-specific data, so that there is an energy profile associated with the route, which is taken into account in the determination of the driving strategy, and depending on the driving strategy, at least one of the several drive components ( 2 . 3 . 4 ) the hybrid drive is automatically activated or deactivated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Informationen außerdem mit meteorologischen Daten verknüpft werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Information as well linked to meteorological data become. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Informationen außerdem mit fahrerspezifischen Daten verknüpft werden.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the information also with linked driver-specific data become. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Informationen über eine aktuelle und eine zu erwartende Fahrsituation Verkehrsinformationen umfassen.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the information about a current and an expected driving situation traffic information include.
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