DE10209206A1 - Warning device i.e. for vehicle driver e.g. for when external temperature falls below freezing point, uses elements for generating physically perceivable movement - Google Patents
Warning device i.e. for vehicle driver e.g. for when external temperature falls below freezing point, uses elements for generating physically perceivable movementInfo
- Publication number
- DE10209206A1 DE10209206A1 DE10209206A DE10209206A DE10209206A1 DE 10209206 A1 DE10209206 A1 DE 10209206A1 DE 10209206 A DE10209206 A DE 10209206A DE 10209206 A DE10209206 A DE 10209206A DE 10209206 A1 DE10209206 A1 DE 10209206A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- warning device
- elements
- movement
- dangerous situation
- warning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
- B62D1/046—Adaptations on rotatable parts of the steering wheel for accommodation of switches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
- B60W50/16—Tactile feedback to the driver, e.g. vibration or force feedback to the driver on the steering wheel or the accelerator pedal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
- B62D1/06—Rims, e.g. with heating means; Rim covers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
- B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
- B62D15/029—Steering assistants using warnings or proposing actions to the driver without influencing the steering system
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung befaßt sich mit einer Warnvorrichtung zur Warnung eines Fahrzeugführers in Gefahrensituationen. The present invention is concerned with a Warning device for warning a driver in Hazardous situations.
Bekannt sind Warnmelder, die dem Fahrer optisch und/oder akustisch Warnhinweise geben, wenn ein Störungszustand am Fahrzeug eingetreten ist oder eine Gefahrensituation besteht, wie z. B. der Abfall der Außentemperatur unter den Gefrierpunkt. Bei einer optischen Anzeige im Kombiinstrument kann ein Problem darin bestehen, dass der Fahrer dieses unter Umständen gerade nicht beachtet, während eine akustische Warnmeldung bei laut eingestelltem Radio oder offenem Schiebedach leicht überhört werden kann. Warning devices are known that visually and / or to the driver give acoustic warnings if a fault condition occurs on Vehicle has entered or a dangerous situation exists, such as B. the drop in outside temperature below Freezing point. With an optical display in the instrument cluster One problem is that the driver is taking this Circumstances just ignored during an acoustic Warning message when the radio is set loud or the sunroof is open can be easily ignored.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine Warnvorrichtung zu schaffen, die einen Fahrzeugführer sicher über eine bestehende Gefahrensituation informiert. The object of the present invention is a To create a warning device that is safe for a driver informed about an existing dangerous situation.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Warnvorrichtung vorgesehen, die im Bereich von Griffflächen eines Steuerorgans des Fahrzeuges Elemente vorsieht, die in einer Gefahrensituation eine physisch spürbare Bewegung generieren. According to the invention, a warning device is provided, which in Area of grip surfaces of a control member of the vehicle Provides elements that a generate physically noticeable movement.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung bietet den Vorteil, dass unabhängig von der momentanen Aufmerksamkeit eines Fahrzeugführers eine sichere Mitteilung über eine Gefahrensituation über die Griffflächen des Steuerorgans erfolgt, beispielsweise an einem Lenkrad oder auch einem Schaltknüppel oder einer sonstigen Steuereinrichtung. Besonders bevorzugt ist jedoch die Anordnung an dem Lenkrad eines Kraftfahrzeuges, das der Fahrzeugführer in der Regel unter allen Umständen umgreift. Durch die haptische Wahrnehmung wird ferner die Reaktionszeit verkürzt, da der Fahrer unter solchen Umständen sofort erkennt, dass eine Gefahrensituation vorliegt und intuitiv unmittelbar zumindest die Geschwindigkeit reduzieren wird, während er selbst dann, wenn er eine optische oder akustische Wahrnehmung sofort erkennt, eine längere Reaktionszeit benötigt, bis er dem optischen oder akustischen Signal das Vorhandensein eines Gefahrenzustandes zuordnet. Selbstverständlich können zusätzlich zu der Bewegung im Bereich der Griffflächen auch zusätzliche akustische oder optische Warnsignale gegeben werden. The solution according to the invention offers the advantage that regardless of a driver's current attention a safe message about a dangerous situation about the Grip surfaces of the control member takes place, for example a steering wheel or a gear stick or one other control device. However, that is particularly preferred Arrangement on the steering wheel of a motor vehicle that the Drivers usually embrace under all circumstances. By haptic perception also becomes reaction time shortened because the driver immediately recognizes in such circumstances that there is a dangerous situation and intuitively immediate will at least reduce the speed while he even if it is optical or acoustic Perception instantly recognizes a longer response time, until the presence of the optical or acoustic signal assigned to a dangerous state. Of course you can in addition to the movement in the area of the grips additional acoustic or visual warning signals are given become.
Gefahrensituationen, in denen eine Warnung des Fahrzeugführers sinnvoll sein kann, können beispielsweise das Erreichen eines bestimmten kritischen Fahrzustandes, beispielsweise wenn eine Fahrdynamikregelung eingreift, ein Antiblockiersystem aktiviert ist oder eine Antischlupfregelung anspricht, ein Unterschreiten eines zulässigen Mindestabstandes, ein technischer Defekt, das Absinken der Außentemperatur in die Nähe des Gefrierpunktes oder auch ein bestimmter Zustand des Fahrers sein, wobei diese Aufzählung selbstverständlich nicht als abschließend zu werten ist. Dangerous situations in which a warning from the Driver can be useful, for example, reaching a certain critical driving condition, for example if a vehicle dynamics control intervenes, a Anti-lock braking system is activated or responds to an anti-slip control, falling below a permissible minimum distance technical defect, the drop in the outside temperature in the Near the freezing point or even a certain state of the Be driver, but this list is of course not as final.
Gut wahrnehmbare Bewegungen im Bereich der Griffflächen können beispielsweise dadurch erzeugt werden, dass in einer Gefahrensituation die Elemente im Bereich der Griffflächen ihre Form periodisch ändern oder vibrieren. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Elemente in einer Gefahrensituation ihre Form und/oder Lage verändern. Easily perceptible movements in the area of the grips can be generated, for example, in that The elements in the area of the handle surfaces Periodically change or vibrate shape. Alternatively or In addition, it can be provided that the elements in one Dangerous situations change their shape and / or location.
Beide Arten der Bewegung lassen sich grundsätzlich mit Hilfe verschiedenartiger Aktuatoren erzeugen, die beispielsweise elektrisch oder pneumatisch angesteuert werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform, bei welcher elastische Griffoberflächen mit darunter angeordneten beweglichen Elementen vorgesehen sind. Die elastischen Griffoberflächen können geschlossen ausgeführt sein und schützen die darunter angeordneten beweglichen Elemente vor dem Eindringen von Schmutz und Beschädigungen. Wie bereits erwähnt, können die beweglichen Elemente pneumatisch angesteuert sein, und beispielsweise als Hohlelemente ausgebildet sein, deren Volumen durch Druckbeaufschlagung variierbar ist. Eine solche Druckbeaufschlagung kann beispielsweise für mehrere Hohlelemente zentral mit Hilfe eines gemeinsamen Druckgenerators realisiert sein. Both types of movement can basically be done with the help generate different types of actuators, for example can be controlled electrically or pneumatically. Especially an embodiment is preferred in which elastic Handle surfaces with movable ones arranged underneath Elements are provided. The elastic grip surfaces can be closed and protect those below arranged movable elements before the ingress of Dirt and damage. As already mentioned, the movable elements can be controlled pneumatically, and for example, be formed as hollow elements, their volume can be varied by pressurization. Such Pressurization can be used, for example, for several hollow elements centrally with the help of a common pressure generator be realized.
Alternativ können die beweglichen Elemente elektromagnetisch angesteuert sein und beispielsweise einen Druck auf die elastischen Griffoberflächen von der Unterseite her ausüben. Für die Erzeugung einer Vibration im Bereich der Griffflächen sind einerseits elektromagnetisch induzierte Schwingungen der Griffoberflächen vorstellbar oder es kann ein Vibrationsgenerator im Lenkrad vorzugsweise in der Nähe der Griffflächen vorgesehen sein. Ein solcher Vibrationsgenerator kann beispielsweise aus einem einfachen kleinen Elektromotor bestehen, auf dessen Welle eine Exzentermasse sitzt. Alternatively, the movable elements can be electromagnetic be controlled and for example a pressure on the Exercise elastic grip surfaces from the bottom. For the generation of a vibration in the area of the gripping surfaces are electromagnetically induced vibrations of the Grip surfaces imaginable or it can be a Vibration generator in the steering wheel preferably near the grip surfaces be provided. Such a vibration generator can for example from a simple small electric motor exist, on the shaft of which there is an eccentric mass.
Denkbar ist ferner eine gezielte Zuordnung bestimmter Formänderungen bzw. Vibrationen zu bestimmten Gefahrenzuständen. So kann beispielsweise eine schwere Gefahrensituation durch eine starke Vibration angezeigt werden, während ein vergleichsweise harmloser technischer Defekt oder ein Abfall der Außentemperatur nur durch eine leichte Vibration oder eine Vibration mit geringerer Frequenz in den Griffflächen angezeigt wird. Denkbar ist es ferner, verschiedene Arten der zuvor beschriebenen Bewegungsgeneratoren zu kombinieren, um beispielsweise kritische Fahrzustände durch Vibrationen anzuzeigen, beispielsweise bei Erreichen der Haftgrenze der Räder, und technische Defekte durch eine bleibende Formänderung anzuzeigen. A targeted assignment of certain is also conceivable Changes in shape or vibrations to certain dangerous conditions. So can, for example, a serious dangerous situation by a strong vibration appear while a comparatively harmless technical defect or a waste of Outside temperature only by a slight vibration or a vibration is displayed at a lower frequency in the grip areas. It is also conceivable to use different types of previously to combine described motion generators, for example display critical driving conditions through vibrations, for example when the wheel reaches the limit of grip, and to report technical defects due to a permanent change in shape.
Nachfolgend wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung eingegangen. Die Darstellung zeigt eine Prinzipskizze eines Lenkrades 10, das mit einem nicht geschlossenen Lenkbügel 12 ausgeführt ist. An den Enden des Lenkbügels 12 sind Haltegriffe 14 vorgesehen, deren Griffflächen 16 aus einem sie ummantelnden elastischen Material 16 bestehen. In den beiden Haltegriffen 14 ist jeweils ein Vibrationsgenerator 18 vorgesehen, der im wesentlichen aus einem Elektromotor und einer auf dessen Welle sitzenden Exzentermasse besteht. Über Zuleitungen 20, die durch den Lenkbügel 12 geführt sind, sind die beiden Vibrationsgeneratoren 18 mit einer Steuerung verbunden, die im Falle eines Gefahrenzustandes die beiden Vibrationsgeneratoren 18 einschaltet. Eine solche Gefahrensituation kann beispielsweise dann vorliegen, wenn eines oder mehrere Räder des Fahrzeuges an die Haftgrenze gelangen und beispielsweise eine Fahrdynamikregelung, das Antiblockiersystem oder eine Antischlupfregelung aktiviert sind. Weitere Gefahrensituationen können ein Warnen vor zu geringem Abstand zum Vordermann, ein technischer Defekt am Fahrzeug, ein Absinken der Außentemperatur oder ein Müdigkeitszustand des Fahrers sein, wobei die für die Erfassung einer jeweiligen Gefahrensituation erforderlichen Sensoren nicht Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind. An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. The illustration shows a schematic diagram of a steering wheel 10 which is designed with a non-closed steering bracket 12 . At the ends of the steering bracket 12 , handles 14 are provided, the gripping surfaces 16 of which consist of an elastic material 16 encasing them. A vibration generator 18 is provided in each of the two handles 14 , which essentially consists of an electric motor and an eccentric mass seated on its shaft. Via leads 20 which are guided by the steering bracket 12, the two vibration generators 18 are connected to a controller, which switches the two vibration generators 18 in case of a dangerous state. Such a dangerous situation can exist, for example, when one or more wheels of the vehicle reach the limit of grip and, for example, a driving dynamics control, the anti-lock braking system or an anti-slip control are activated. Other dangerous situations can be a warning of too little distance from the person in front, a technical defect on the vehicle, a drop in the outside temperature or a driver's state of fatigue, the sensors required for detecting a respective dangerous situation not being the subject of the present invention.
Anstelle der gezeigten Vibrationsgeneratoren 18 ist es auch denkbar, Aktuatoren in den beiden Haltegriffen 14 vorzusehen, die eine Form- oder Lageänderung der Griffflächen 16 bewirken. Solche Elemente können beispielsweise Hohlelemente sein, deren Volumen durch Druckbeaufschlagung variierbar ist, oder auch bewegliche Elemente in den Haltegriffen 14, die beispielsweise durch elektromagnetische Ansteuerung die Griffflächen 16 deformieren. Instead of the vibration generators 18 shown, it is also conceivable to provide actuators in the two handles 14 , which bring about a change in shape or position of the gripping surfaces 16 . Such elements can be, for example, hollow elements, the volume of which can be varied by the application of pressure, or also movable elements in the handles 14 , which deform the gripping surfaces 16 , for example by electromagnetic control.
Während die Abbildung die Anordnung von in Gefahrensituationen Bewegungen erzeugenden Elementen im Bereich der Griffflächen eines Lenkrades eines Fahrzeuges zeigt, ist es grundsätzlich denkbar, derartige Bewegungselemente auch an anderen Steuerorganen eines Fahrzeuges vorzusehen, wie z. B. dem Schalthebel oder den Pedalen. Auf diese Weise können bestimmte Gefahrensituationen entweder gezielt an bestimmten Steuerorganen mitgeteilt werden oder es kann eine Mitteilung an mehreren Stellen erfolgen, beispielsweise am Lenkrad und am Gaspedal, wenn ein kritischer Fahrzustand erreicht ist. While the figure shows the arrangement of in Hazardous elements generating elements in the area of Grip surfaces of a steering wheel of a vehicle shows it is basically conceivable, such movement elements also on others Provide control elements of a vehicle, such as. B. the Gear lever or the pedals. That way you can certain dangerous situations either targeted at certain Tax authorities are notified or there may be a notice to several places, for example on the steering wheel and Accelerator pedal when a critical driving condition is reached.
Selbstverständlich läßt sich die zuvor beschriebene Vorrichtung mit bewegten Griffflächen auch im Bereich anderer Fahrzeuge, wie z. B. Luftfahrzeugen oder Zweirädern ohne weiteres einsetzen. Of course, the previously described can Device with moving gripping surfaces also in the area of others Vehicles such as B. aircraft or two-wheelers without further notice deploy.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10209206A DE10209206A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2002-03-04 | Warning device i.e. for vehicle driver e.g. for when external temperature falls below freezing point, uses elements for generating physically perceivable movement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10209206A DE10209206A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2002-03-04 | Warning device i.e. for vehicle driver e.g. for when external temperature falls below freezing point, uses elements for generating physically perceivable movement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE10209206A1 true DE10209206A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE10209206A Ceased DE10209206A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2002-03-04 | Warning device i.e. for vehicle driver e.g. for when external temperature falls below freezing point, uses elements for generating physically perceivable movement |
Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE10209206A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004011928A1 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-29 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Device for keeping driver awake on tiring journey, comprising creation of unusual vibrations of engine |
DE102006025339A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Pedal for motor vehicle, has device for generating vibration, which is generated in x, y level perpendicular to z-direction |
DE102007024140A1 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | Takata-Petri Ag | Vibrator assembly for a motor vehicle |
EP1884443A3 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2009-01-07 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Steering wheel in a motor vehicle |
EP2014504A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-14 | Deere & Company | Operational device for controlling at least one variable of an agricultural or industrial truck |
US8781642B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2014-07-15 | Deere & Company | Vehicle control system |
DE102015219698A1 (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Haptic user interface for a vehicle |
DE102015219821A1 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Driving Assistance System |
CN109131528A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 合肥集民科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional safe vehicle steering wheel |
CN109305212A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-02-05 | 合肥集民科技有限公司 | A kind of safety vehicle steering wheel |
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DE19923012A1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-11-23 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Steering device for car with steerable wheels has device for determination of transverse slip occurring at steerable wheels and in electronic control device, upper threshold for this determined |
DE10012023A1 (en) * | 2000-03-11 | 2001-09-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Monitoring function of visual display involves detecting defect in visual display and outputting signal detectable by vehicle driver, e.g. steering wheel vibrations, if display defective |
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2002
- 2002-03-04 DE DE10209206A patent/DE10209206A1/en not_active Ceased
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DE3741246A1 (en) * | 1987-12-05 | 1989-06-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for indicating a travel state |
DE4029657A1 (en) * | 1990-09-19 | 1992-03-26 | Schmitt Werner Dipl Ing Fh | Direction indicator for motor vehicle - has vibrators in steering wheel and seats with time delay circuit |
DE69402278T2 (en) * | 1993-08-28 | 1997-07-10 | Lucas Ind Plc | Vehicle driver support system |
DE29612273U1 (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1996-12-19 | Liebelt Uwe | Signal transmitter for cruise control pedals (accelerator pedals) of motor vehicles |
EP0958965A2 (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 1999-11-24 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Steering apparatus |
DE19831071C2 (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-10-05 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Steering system for motor vehicles |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004011928A1 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-29 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Device for keeping driver awake on tiring journey, comprising creation of unusual vibrations of engine |
DE102006025339A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Pedal for motor vehicle, has device for generating vibration, which is generated in x, y level perpendicular to z-direction |
EP1884443A3 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2009-01-07 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Steering wheel in a motor vehicle |
US8781642B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2014-07-15 | Deere & Company | Vehicle control system |
DE102007024140A1 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | Takata-Petri Ag | Vibrator assembly for a motor vehicle |
US8269614B2 (en) | 2007-05-23 | 2012-09-18 | Takata AG | Vibratory assembly for a vehicle |
EP2014504A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-14 | Deere & Company | Operational device for controlling at least one variable of an agricultural or industrial truck |
DE102015219698A1 (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Haptic user interface for a vehicle |
DE102015219821A1 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Driving Assistance System |
CN109131528A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 合肥集民科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional safe vehicle steering wheel |
CN109305212A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-02-05 | 合肥集民科技有限公司 | A kind of safety vehicle steering wheel |
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