DE102022110312A1 - Dedusting device and dedusting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dedusting device and a dedusting method, wherein the dedusting device comprises a movable dedusting component and a blowing device, and wherein the dedusting component comprises a dust collecting box for filtering dust, a vacuum suction pipe connected to the air inlet end of the dust collecting box, and a vacuum suction pipe connected to the air outlet end of the dust collecting box Induced draft fan includes; and wherein a second dust sensor for detecting the dust concentration outside the vacuum suction pipe and a first dust sensor for detecting the dust concentration inside the vacuum suction pipe are arranged on the vacuum suction pipe; and wherein the dust collecting box and the induced draft fan are each configured to be turned on according to the detection result of the second dust sensor and turned off according to the detection result of the first dust sensor; and wherein an induced draft fan outlet is provided on the induced draft fan, comprising a lateral outlet for blowing the air toward an end of the blasting surface and an axial outlet for blowing the air toward an end remote from the blasting surface. When using the device, the dust collector does not need to be moved back and forth, the inlet and outlet pipes do not need to be connected, the device does not use water, and has a simple structure and good practicability.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel dedusting, in particular a dedusting device and a dedusting method.

STATE OF THE ART

A large amount of dust is generated during tunnel excavation. Normally, the dust is removed from the tunnel through the ventilation. During the dust extraction process, the dust pollutes the entire tunnel. At present, dry or wet dust collectors are used in non-explosive excavation to timely collect and filter the dust generated during the excavation process and discharge clean air, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of dust contaminating the tunnel; in the tunnels excavated by blasting method, there is currently no case for using a dust collector for dust collection, as the demands on the working environment become more and more severe, the use of dust collectors in the tunnels excavated by blasting method, to a trend.

There are many prior art dust collectors and dust suppression schemes used in non-explosive excavation. However, due to the different diffusion properties of dust generated by drilling and blasting structures and non-explosive structures, the dust suppression plan of non-explosive structures cannot be fully applied to the drilling and blasting structures; however, the dust collector used in drilling and blasting tunnels has a large volume, needs to be connected to a vacuum suction pipe, and is inconvenient to move and use in the limited space in the tunnel.

CONTENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The present invention aims to provide a dust collector and a dust collector method to solve the prior art problem that the dust collector used in drilling and blasting tunnels has a large volume, needs to be connected to a vacuum suction pipe and in which limited space in the tunnel is inconvenient to move and use.

• eine Entstaubungsvorrichtung, umfassend eine bewegliche Entstaubungskomponente und eine Blasvorrichtung zum Blasen von Luft auf die Sprengfläche, wobei die Entstaubungskomponente einen Entstaubungskasten zum Filtern von Staub, ein an das Lufteinlassende des Entstaubungskastens angeschlossenes Staubsaugrohr zum Absorbieren von Staub und Luft und ein an das Luftauslassende des Entstaubungskastens angeschlossenes Saugzuggebläse umfasst;
• und wobei der Abstand des Luftauslasses der Blasvorrichtung zu der Sprengfläche kleiner als 50 m ist, und wobei der Abstand der Staubsaugöffnung des Staubsaugrohrs zu der Sprengfläche zwischen 60 m und 90 m liegt;
• und wobei an dem Staubsaugrohr ein zweiter Staubsensor zum Erfassen der Staubkonzentration außerhalb des Staubsaugrohrs und ein erster Staubsensor zum Erfassen der Staubkonzentration innerhalb des Staubsaugrohrs angeordnet sind; und wobei der Entstaubungskasten und das Saugzuggebläse jeweils so konfiguriert sind, dass sie gemäß dem Erfassungsergebnis des zweiten Staubsensors eingeschaltet und gemäß dem Detektionsergebnis des ersten Staubsensors ausgeschaltet sind;
• und wobei an dem Saugzuggebläse ein Saugzuggebläseauslass vorgesehen ist, der einen seitlichen Auslass zum Blasen der Luft zu einem Ende der Sprengfläche und einen axialen Auslass zum Blasen der Luft zu einem der Sprengfläche abgewandten Ende umfasst.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention uses the following technical solution:

• a dust collector comprising a movable dust collector component and a blower device for blowing air onto the blasting surface, the dust collector component having a dust collector for filtering dust, a vacuum suction tube connected to the air inlet end of the dust collector for absorbing dust and air, and a dust collector connected to the air outlet end of the dust collector Induced draft fan includes;
• and wherein the distance from the air outlet of the blowing device to the blasting surface is less than 50 m, and wherein the distance from the vacuum suction opening of the vacuum suction pipe to the blasting surface is between 60 m and 90 m;
• and wherein a second dust sensor for detecting the dust concentration outside the vacuum suction pipe and a first dust sensor for detecting the dust concentration inside the vacuum suction pipe are arranged on the vacuum suction pipe; and wherein the dust collecting box and the induced draft fan are each configured to be turned on according to the detection result of the second dust sensor and turned off according to the detection result of the first dust sensor;
• and wherein an induced draft fan outlet is provided on the induced draft fan, comprising a lateral outlet for blowing the air toward an end of the blasting surface and an axial outlet for blowing the air toward an end remote from the blasting surface.

Preferably, the second dust sensor is configured to control the dust collection box and the induced draft fan to start when the period of time that the detected dust concentration is greater than the set threshold continuously exceeds the preset period of time;
Preferably, the first dust sensor is configured to control the dust collection box and the induced draft fan to stop operating when the period of time that the detected dust concentration is less than the set threshold continuously exceeds the preset period of time.

Preferably, in the dedusting box, a dust discharge flap, a filter element for filtering dust, and a plurality of pulse units arranged along the air flow direction are arranged, each pulse unit including a plurality of pulse valves;
and wherein the spraying times and the spraying time intervals of the pulse valves are equal in the same pulse unit, while the spraying time intervals of the pulse valves are different in different pulse units, and the spraying time intervals gradually decrease along the air flow direction.

A first pattern plate and a second pattern plate aligned parallel to the air flow direction are preferably connected in succession in the dedusting box along the air flow direction, the distance between the first pattern plate and the bottom surface of the dedusting box being greater than the distance between the second pattern plate and the bottom surface of the dedusting box, and wherein in a first blocking plate vertically aligned with the second pattern plate is further disposed on the dust collecting box, and wherein one end of the first blocking plate is connected to the bottom surface of the dust collecting box and the other end is connected to the second pattern plate;
and wherein a plurality of first filter elements are arranged on the bottom surface of the first pattern plate and a plurality of second filter elements are arranged on the bottom surface of the second pattern plate.

Furthermore, several horizontally or vertically arranged bending plates are preferably arranged between the air inlet of the dedusting box and the first filter element;
wherein the lower end of the flexure plate, the lower end of the first filter element and the lower end of the second filter element are in the same horizontal plane.

Preferably, dust discharge flaps are provided in a number more than 1, wherein between two adjacent dust discharge flaps a third blocking plate is arranged;
wherein the height of the third blocking plate is 1/5-1/3 of the distance from the lower end of the first filter element to the bottom surface of the dust collector.

A wet filter unit is preferably arranged in the dedusting box.

Preferably, the axial outlet faces away from the blasting surface and is vertically aligned with the blasting surface, with the side outlet and the axial outlet being vertically aligned with one another.
and wherein a plurality of deflectors are disposed in the axial outlet for directing the airflow to the blasting surface.

Preferably, the deflector is any one of a bending plate, a circular arc plate, and a straight plate.

A silencer is preferably also connected to the axial outlet;
wherein the muffler comprises a first sound-absorbing batting, a second sound-absorbing batting, a rotary plate and a frame-shaped muffler side plate, and wherein the first sound-absorbing batting is connected to the left and right side faces of the muffler side plate, and the second sound-absorbing batting is connected to the upper and lower side surface of the muffler side plate is connected;
and wherein the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the muffler side plate by a rotating shaft and can be fixed at any angle.

Preferably, the blowing device is an aeration pipe arranged vertically to the blasting surface, with the suction opening of the vacuum extraction pipe being inclined at 30°-60° to the direction of the aeration pipe.

• Legen der Blasvorrichtung in den Tunnel, so dass der Abstand des Luftauslasses der Blasvorrichtung zu der Sprengfläche kleiner als 50 m ist;
• Legen der Entstaubungsvorrichtung in den Tunnel, so dass der Abstand der Staubsaugöffnung des Staubsaugrohrs zu der Sprengfläche zwischen 60 m und 90 m liegt;
• wenn die Zeitdauer, in der die von dem zweiten Staubsensor erfasste Staubkonzentration größer als der eingestellte Schwellenwert ist, die voreingestellte Zeitdauer kontinuierlich überschreitet, werden der Entstaubungskasten und das Saugzuggebläse zum Starten angesteuert; nach Starten des Entstaubungskastens und des Saugzuggebläses tritt die mit Staub gemischte Luft durch das Staubsaugrohr in den Entstaubungskasten ein, nachdem das Filterelement in dem Entstaubungskasten den Staub filterte, wird die saubere Luft aus dem axialen Auslass und seitlichen Auslass des Saugzuggebläses abgeführt;
• wenn die Zeitdauer, in der die von dem ersten Staubsensor erfasste Staubkonzentration kleiner als der eingestellte Schwellenwert ist, die voreingestellte Zeitdauer kontinuierlich überschreitet, werden der Entstaubungskasten und das Saugzuggebläse zum Aufhören mit dem Betrieb angesteuert.

The present invention further provides a dedusting method for the dedusting device according to any above item, comprising the following steps:

• placing the blowing device in the tunnel so that the distance from the air outlet of the blowing device to the blasting surface is less than 50 m;
• Putting the dedusting device in the tunnel so that the distance from the suction opening of the suction pipe to the blasting surface is between 60 m and 90 m;
• when the period of time in which the dust concentration detected by the second dust sensor is greater than the set threshold value continuously exceeds the preset period of time, the dedusting box and the induced draft fan are driven to start; after starting the dust collector and the induced draft fan, the air mixed with dust enters the dust collector through the vacuum suction pipe, after the filter element in the dust collector box filtered the dust, the clean air is discharged from the axial outlet and side outlet of the induced draft fan;
• when the period of time in which the dust concentration detected by the first dust sensor is smaller than the set threshold continuously exceeds the preset period of time, the dust collecting box and the induced draft fan are controlled to stop operating.

1. 1. bei der vorliegenden Anmeldung sind eine bewegliche Entstaubungsvorrichtung und Blasvorrichtung angeordnet, nach dem Sprengen an der Tunnelfläche wird durch den Betrieb der Blasvorrichtung das mit Staub gemischte Gas innerhalb eines Bereichs mit einem bestimmten Abstand zu der Tunnelfläche konzentriert, die Entstaubungskomponente arbeitet, um die mit Staub gemischte Luft in den Entstaubungskasten anzusaugen, nach Filtern wird die saubere Luft abgeführt, dadurch wird die Entstaubungsarbeit des Tunnels vervollständigt; das an den Entstaubungskasten angeschlossene Staubsaugrohr kann sich mit der Entstaubungsvorrichtung als Ganzes bewegen, um eine bequeme Verwendung zu realisieren, und mit der Anordnung des Entstaubungsrohrs ist es nicht benötigt, ein externes Staubsaugrohr zum Staubsaugen anzuschließen;
2. 2. durch Blasen der Blasvorrichtung wird die mit Staub gemischte Luft konzentriert, die Entstaubungskomponente arbeitet, um Staub zu filtern und die saubere Luft abzuführen, mit der Gestaltung werden eine einfache Struktur und eine bequeme Verwendung erzielt;
3. 3. bei der vorliegenden Anmeldung wird der an das Staubsaugrohr angeschlossene erste Staubsensor zum Erfassen der Staubkonzentration innerhalb des Staubsaugrohrs und der zweite Staubsensor zum Erfassen der Staubkonzentration außerhalb des Staubsaugrohrs verwendet, mit der Gestaltung eines inneren und äußeren Sensors wird es realisiert, die Entstaubungsvorrichtung bei einer hohen Staubkonzentration in dem Tunnel automatisch einzuschalten und die Entstaubungsvorrichtung nach der Entstaubung zu einem gewissen Grad automatisch auszuschalte, um eine automatische Entstaubung zu realisieren, darüber hinaus kann nach Bedarf der Entstaubungseffekt eingestellt werden, um den Einsatzbereich der Vorrichtung zu vergrößern;
4. 4. bei der Entstaubungskomponente gemäß der vorliegenden Anmeldung sind an dem Saugzuggebläse ein seitlicher Auslass und ein axialer Auslass vorgesehen, der axiale Auslass bläst unmittelbar die gereinigte Luft zum Äußeren des Tunnels, und der seitliche Auslass bläst die gereinigte Luft zu der Tunnelfläche, was die Konzentrationswirkung von Staub nach dem Sprengen der Tunnelfläche sicherstellen und die Leistung der Blasvorrichtung reduzieren kann, um Energie zu sparen;
5. 5. bei der vorliegenden Anmeldung wird es eingestellt, dass der Abstand des Luftauslasses der Blasvorrichtung zu der Sprengfläche kleiner als 50 m ist und der Abstand der Staubsaugöffnung des Staubsaugrohrs zu der Sprengfläche zwischen 60 m und 90 m liegt, mit der Anordnung der Abstände kann die Konzentration von Staub im Tunnel wirksam sichergestellt und die Diffusion verhindert werden, was den Staubsaugeffekt für konzentrierten Staub gewährleisten kann.

With the above technical solution, the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following effects:

1. 1. In the present application, a movable dedusting device and blowing device are arranged, after blasting at the tunnel surface, the operation of the blowing device concentrates the dust-mixed gas within an area with a certain distance from the tunnel surface, the dedusting component works to remove the with To suck dust-mixed air into the dedusting box, after filtering, the clean air is discharged, thereby completing the tunnel dedusting work; the vacuum tube connected to the dust collector box can move with the dust collector as a whole to realize convenient use, and with the arrangement of the dust collector tube, there is no need to connect an external vacuum tube for vacuum cleaning;
2. 2. by blowing the blower device, the air mixed with dust is concentrated, the dedusting component works to filter dust and exhaust the clean air, with the design, simple structure and convenient use are achieved;
3. 3. In the present application, the first dust sensor connected to the vacuum duct is used to detect the dust concentration inside the vacuum duct and the second dust sensor is used to detect the dust concentration outside the vacuum duct, with the design of an inner and outer sensor, it is realized that the dedusting device at a high dust concentration in the tunnel automatically turn on and automatically turn off the dust collection device after dust collection to a certain extent to realize automatic dust collection, moreover, according to need, the dust collection effect can be adjusted to expand the range of use of the device;
4. 4. In the dedusting component according to the present application, a side outlet and an axial outlet are provided on the induced draft fan, the axial outlet directly blows the cleaned air to the outside of the tunnel, and the side outlet blows the cleaned air to the tunnel surface, which achieves the concentration effect of dust after blasting the tunnel face and can reduce the power of the blowing device to save energy;
5. 5. In the present application, it is set that the distance of the air outlet of the blowing device to the blasting surface is less than 50m and the distance of the vacuum suction port of the vacuum suction pipe to the blasting surface is between 60m and 90m, with the arrangement of the distances, the Concentration of dust in the tunnel can be effectively ensured and diffusion prevented, which can ensure the vacuum suction effect for concentrated dust.

character list

• 1 Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the entire layout of a dust collector in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
• 2 Fig. 12 shows a schematic structural view of a dedusting component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
• 3 Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the internal structure of a dust collector in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
• 4 Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of an induced draft fan in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
• 5 shows an enlarged view of location A according to FIG 4 .
• 6 Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a muffler in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

reference list

1

ventilation pipe

2

vacuum tube

3

dedusting box

4

induced draft fan

5

Induced draft fan outlet

6

silencer

7

First dust sensor

8th

Second dust sensor

31

pulse valve

32

air bag

33

dust discharge flap

34

bending plate

35

First filter element

36

First sample plate

37

Second sample plate

38

Second filter element

39

First lock plate

310

Second lock plate

311

Third locking plate

51

axial outlet

52

Side outlet

53

deflector

54

First connection flange

55

Second connection flange

61

Muffler Side Plate

62

Third connecting flange

63

First sound-absorbing cotton

64

Second sound-absorbing cotton

65

turntable

66

rotary shaft

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In connection with detailed embodiments, the present invention is explained in detail below in order to easily understand the technical means, design features, objects and effects realized by the present invention.

It should be noted that in explaining the present invention, directional or positional relationships are identified with terms such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" etc. are based on the directional or positional relationships depicted in figures. They are provided for explanation of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention be constructed and operated in any particular way. Because of this, they cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. The technical terms “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “above”, “below” used in the following explanation refer to the directions in figures, with the technical terms “inside” and “outside” each relating refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of certain components.

Due to the different characteristics of dust generation and diffusion in the construction with the drilling and blasting method and the non-explosive method, the dedusting device and method in non-explosive excavation are not fully suitable for blast excavation. With non-explosive construction, the equipment is very close to the tunnel face, the dust collector is usually fixed at a certain position during the excavation process, and moves forward after digging a certain distance forward, moreover, is at the inlet of the dust collector usually connected a soft air tube, so that the vacuum suction port stretches directly to the tunnel surface, to effectively remove dust in time; in blasting construction, blasting will generate a large shock wave, if the equipment is very close to the tunnel face, the equipment will be damaged, only after blasting, the equipment can get to the site to start dust collection and processing, after After the treatment, the equipment must leave the site so that the subsequent equipment can go to the site for construction. Because of this, in terms of dust diffusion characteristics in the blasting process, the present invention provides a dedusting device and method, the device is small in volume and easy to move, and when using it is not required to connect a soft air pipe, before and after After blasting, there is no need to move the dust collector, the device does not use water, does not generate secondary pollution, and has a simple structure and good practicability.

The present invention provides a dedusting device comprising a movable dedusting component and a blowing device for blowing air onto the blasting surface, the dedusting component having a dust collecting box 3 for filtering dust, a vacuum suction pipe 2 connected to the air inlet end of the dust collecting box 3 for absorbing dust and air and an induced draft fan 4 connected to the air outlet end of the dust collection box 3; and a second dust sensor 8 for detecting the dust concentration outside the vacuum suction pipe 2 and a first dust sensor 7 for detecting the dust concentration inside the vacuum suction pipe 2 are arranged on the vacuum suction pipe 2; and wherein the dust collecting box 3 and the induced draft fan 4 are each configured to be turned on according to the detection result of the second dust sensor 8 and turned off according to the detection result of the first dust sensor 7; and on the induced draft fan 4 there is provided an induced draft fan outlet 5 comprising a lateral outlet 52 for blowing the air towards one end of the blasting surface and an axial outlet 51 for blowing the air towards an end remote from the blasting surface.

In use, the device is placed in the tunnel, specifically, the dedusting component is placed on one side of the tunnel (can be placed above or below the tunnel) and placed between the waterproof cart and the tunnel surface, and the blowing device is on one side of the tunnel arranged. Since after blasting at the tunnel face, the dust near the tunnel face is mainly concentrated within an area at a distance of about 60m from the tunnel face, the distance of the air outlet of the blower to the tunnel face L1 is <50m. The distance from the vacuum suction opening of the dedusting component to the tunnel surface is 60m<L2<90m. The first dust sensor 7 connected to the vacuum duct is used to detect the dust concentration inside the vacuum duct and the second dust sensor 8 is used to detect the dust concentration outside the vacuum duct when the duration of the dust concentration detected by the second dust sensor is greater than the set threshold , the preset period of time continuously exceeds, the dedusting box 3 and the induced draft fan 4 are controlled to start; after starting the dedusting box 3 and the induced draft fan 4, the air mixed with dust enters the dedusting box 3 through the vacuum suction pipe 2, after the filter element in the dedusting box 3 filtered the dust, the clean air is discharged from the axial outlet 51 and side outlet 52 of the Induced draft fan 4 discharged; when the time period in which the dust concentration detected by the first dust sensor 7 is less than the set threshold value continuously exceeds the preset time period, the dust collector box 3 and the induced draft fan 4 are driven to stop operating to complete the dust collector work of the dust collector.

In the present application, L1 stands for the distance from the outlet of the ventilation pipe to the tunnel surface, L2 for the distance from the air inlet of the vacuum cleaner pipe to the tunnel surface, A1 for the angle enclosed by the axis of the air inlet of the vacuum cleaner pipe and the wall surface of the tunnel, A1 for the angle included by the air flow direction of the side outlet and the wall surface of the tunnel, H1 for the distance of the air inlet of the vacuum suction pipe to the floor, H2 for the height of the dust collection box, H3 for the height of the bending plate to the bottom portion of the dust collection box, H4 for the height of the Bottom section of the filter element to the bottom section of the dust collection box, H5 for the height of the third blocking plate, H6 for the height between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate, H7 for the height of the first pattern plate to the top of the dust collection box, H8 for the height of the bending plate, H9 for the distance between the bending plates n, A3 for the angle included by the flexure plates, L6 for the length of the first pattern plate and L7 for the length of the second pattern plate.

In the present application, the dedusting component and the blowing device can be made movable, the dedusting component can be fixed to the connecting arm or telescopic arm as a whole, when the dedusting component is to be moved, its position is changed by the telescopic arm, and when used, it is attached to a fixed position. The blower device can also be moved using a telescopic arm or a mobile trolley. In some other embodiments, the blowing device can also be moved by a telescopic oil cylinder or manually, after it is moved to the fixed position, it is fixed, then it is available.

The dedusting box 3 of the present application is used to filter dust in the intake air and ensure that the clean air is discharged. Because of this, a wet filter unit is arranged in the dedusting box in some exemplary embodiments. The wet filter unit has relatively low manufacturing costs, and uses the inertial collision of water droplets and particles, or the full mixing effect of water and dust and other functions to capture particles, or increase the size of particles, or keep the particles in a fixed container, creating a separation effect of water and dust is achieved, in this way the removal of dust in the tunnel is completed.

The wet filter unit can effectively remove liquid or solid particles with a diameter of 0.1-20 µm from the airflow, while also eliminating part of the gaseous pollutants. The wet filter unit has the advantages of simple structure, small footprint, convenient operation and maintenance, and high cleaning efficiency. In addition, it can not only remove dust, but also use water to remove odors or harmful gases generated by blasting.

• im Inneren des Entstaubungskasten 3 sind gebogene Sperrplatten und Musterplatten mit zwei Höhen angeordnet, um den in den Entstaubungskasten 3 eintretenden Luftstrom gleichmäßig zu machen und gleichzeitig den Druckverlust der abgelassenen Luft zu verringern.

In some other embodiments, the filter unit arranged in the dedusting box is a filter cartridge or a filter bag, and the dust is removed by pulse jet. The specific design is as follows:

• Inside the dedusting box 3, curved blocking plates and pattern plates with two heights are arranged to equalize the air flow entering the dedusting box 3 moderate while reducing the pressure loss of the discharged air.

The dust distribution is not uniform in the dust collection box, but gradually increases along the air flow direction, that is, the closer to the outlet the filter element is, the more dust accumulates on the surface of the filter element, and the more dust accumulates on the bottom Due to this, a blocking plate is placed in the middle of the dust discharge flap at the bottom of the dust collection box to prevent dust from concentrating at the outlet, at the same time, the pulse valve is divided into N=3-6 sections along the air flow direction, and each section has multiple pulse valves, and each section sprays independently. The impulse valves in each section have the same spray times and spray intervals, the impulse valves between the respective sections have the same spray times, however the spray intervals are different, based on the spray interval of a part of the impulse valve near the air outlet, the spray interval of the rest of the impulse valve from the outlet to the Inlet doubled, so the filter element with less dust accumulation reduces the number of spraying to extend the service life, and the filter element with a lot of dust accumulation removes the dust on the surface in time to improve the filtration precision and increase the resistance and energy consumption of the device to decrease.

Further, the curved blocking plates and pattern plates with two heights arranged inside the dedusting box 3 are specifically as follows: the dedusting box 3 includes inside a bending plate 34, a first filter element 35, a first pattern plate 36, a second pattern plate 37, a second filter element 38, a first locking plate 39, a second locking plate 310 and a third locking plate 311. The bending plate 34 is arranged horizontally, the bending angle A3 = 90°-135°, the distance H9 between the bending plates is 1/3-3/4 of the height H8 of the Bending plate, and the height H3 of the bending plate 34 to the bottom portion of the dust collector is 1/7-1/9 of the height H2 of the dust collector. The height H4 of the filter element to the bottom portion of the dust collecting box is equal to H3, the height H5 of the third blocking plate 311 is 1/5-1/3 of H4, and the third blocking plate 311 is located between the dust discharge doors 33.

The bending plate 34 is placed at the air inlet end, with the first pattern plate 36 connected to the top of the inside of the dust collector box, and the second pattern plate 37 is on the right side of the first pattern plate 36, and the two have a certain height difference, and wherein the first locking plate 39 and the second pattern plate are vertically connected to each other. The second blocking plate 310 is connected between the air outlet end and the first blocking plate 39 . The first filter element and the second filter element are connected to the bottom surface of the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate, respectively.

Since the first blocking plate 39 cannot pass gases, the clean gas filtered by the first filter element and the second filter element enters a space above the second pattern plate and enters from the space above the second pattern plate into one between the first blocking plate 39 and the dust collection box 3 formed passage, then it is discharged from the vent hole.

In order to ensure the clean gas discharge effect, prevent the gas from entering the bottom of the box and reduce the impact on the bottom of the box, the second locking plate 310 is formed into an arc shape, the opening of the arc-shaped second locking plate 310 is upward directed, and the lowest point of the arcuate recess is slightly lower than the vent hole to ensure the gas discharge effect.

In some embodiments, a deflector is further placed above the pattern plate, which is used to guide the cleaned gas to the vent opening to ensure a better gas evacuation effect.

The first filter element 35 and the second filter element 37 are a filter bag or a filter cartridge, their height difference H6 is 1/10-1/5 of the height of the first filter element 35, the length L7 of the second pattern plate 371/5-1/3 of the length L6 of the first pattern plate 36 is.

Further, the setting method of pulse jet dust removal is as follows: on the outside of the dust collecting box 3, an air bag 32, a pulse valve 31 and a dust discharge door 33 are installed. Along the air flow direction, the pulse valve is divided into 3 sections N1, N2 and N3, and the pulse valves in N1, N2 and N3 have the same spray time, and the pulse valves in each section are the same, but the spray time interval of the pulse valve of the N2 section is 2 times as large as that of the N3 section, and the spray time interval of the pulse valve of the N1 section is 3 times that of the N3 section. _◦ In actual operation, the pulse valve can be divided into N=3-6 sections according to the actual situation, and each section has multiple pulsing valves, and the respective sections spray independently, the pulsing valves in each section have the same spraying times and spraying intervals, the pulsing valves between the respective sections have the same spraying times, but the spraying intervals are different based on the spraying interval of a part of the pulsing valve near the air outlet doubles the spray interval of the rest of the pulsing valve from outlet to inlet.

In some other embodiments, flexure plate 34 is placed vertically.

The distance of the induced draft fan outlet in the dustproof device of the present application to the waterproof cart is L3>10m, the air is discharged in two ways, and the back of one way is connected to the sound-absorbing pipe, and the way is straight backward along the axis of the tunnel blown into the tunnel, and polyurethane sound-absorbing cotton wool is attached to the inside of the sound-absorbing tube, at the same time, a rotating plate is installed in the sound-absorbing tube, and the air volume of the air outlet can be adjusted by rotating the rotating plate; A plastic sheet is attached to the vertical surface of a side of the non-navigable structural part of the waterproof cart facing the tunnel surface to block the airflow blown from the induced draft fan, so that part of the airflow is reflected back, thereby preventing dust from escaping and spreads to the hole; the direction of the other way of the outlet is oriented perpendicularly to the tunnel wall, and a deflector is placed in the outlet so that the discharged air flow is blown obliquely to the tunnel surface, and the air flow direction makes an angle of 30°-60° with the axis of the Tunnel so that the dust is concentrated near the vacuum suction port of the dust collector and sucked out in time without spreading to the outside.

In particular, the induced draft fan outlet 5 is formed by an axial induced draft fan outlet 51 , a lateral induced draft fan outlet 52 , a deflector 53 , a first connecting flange 54 and a second connecting flange 55 . The air discharge direction of the axial outlet 51 of the induced draft fan is along the axis of the tunnel to the direction of the hole, the side outlet 52 of the induced draft fan is aligned vertically to the direction of the axial outlet 51 of the induced draft fan and faces one side of the ventilation pipe, inside the side outlet of the Induced draft fans are evenly distributed deflectors 53, which refer to the bending plates, so that the air outlet direction faces the tunnel surface and includes an angle of A2=30°-60° with the axis of the tunnel, and the distance between the deflectors is 0<L4 <0.5*L5, as in 4 until 6 shown. The first connecting flange 54 is connected to the induced draft fan 4 and the second connecting flange 55 is connected to the muffler 6 . The muffler 6 is constituted by a muffler side plate 61, a third connecting flange 62, a first sound absorbing batt 63, a second sound absorbing batt 64, a rotary plate 65 and a rotary shaft 66 as shown in FIG 6 As shown, the third connecting flange 62 and the second connecting flange 55 are connected to each other, the muffler side plate 61 is a frame-shaped structure and is provided with an opening on the left and right side faces so that the air flow can pass. The first sound-absorbing batting 63 is stuck to the left and right side surfaces of the muffler side plate 61 by self-adhesive glue, the second sound-absorbing batting 64 is stuck to the upper and lower side faces 61 of the muffler side plate by self-adhesive glue, the rotary plate 65 can rotate manually or electrically rotating around the rotating shaft 66 in a range of 0°-90° and fixed at any angle in a range of 0°-90°.

In some embodiments, the deflector 53 adopts a straight plate or a circular-arc plate as long as the airflow can be guided to the tunnel surface.

In some embodiments, the following parameters are also designed: the vacuum opening is 30°-60° oblique to the direction of the ventilation pipe, the height H1 of the vacuum cleaning opening is 3/8-5/8 of the height of the section of the tunnel, and the air volume of the vacuum cleaning opening is 15-20 times the product of the width and height of the tunnel (unit m ³ /min), and the air volume of the ventilation pipe is 50-80% of the air volume of the vacuum suction port, to ensure the air volume of the ventilation pipe and the vacuum cleaning efficiency of the vacuum suction pipe.

A first dust sensor 7 and a second dust sensor 8 are fixed above the vacuum suction opening of the vacuum suction pipe 2, the probe of the first dust sensor 7 is inserted into the vacuum suction pipe 2 to detect the dust concentration of the sucked air flow mixed with dust, and the probe of the second dust sensor 8 is located on the outside of the vacuum tube 2 to detect the dust concentration around the tunnel.

In the actual work, the ventilation pipe is on one side of the tunnel, and the distance of the ventilation hole to the tunnel face is L1<50m, the dust collector is on the other side of the tunnel and between the tunnel face and the waterproof cart, as in 7 shown. The distance from the air inlet of the vacuum suction pipe 2 to the tunnel surface is 60m<L2<90m, the angle of inclination of the suction suction opening obliquely to the direction of the ventilation pipe is A1=30°-60°, the height H1 of the suction suction opening is 3/8-5/8 der Height of the section of the tunnel, and the distance from the induced draft fan outlet 5 to the waterproof cart is L3>10m. After blasting at the tunnel face, the dust spreads toward the hole of the tunnel under the effect of ventilation when the time period in which the dust concentration > 2 mg/m ³ detected by the second dust sensor 8 continuously exceeds 10 s starts and the dust collector operates automatically, so that the rapidly spread dust is sucked into the dust collector through the vacuum suction pipe 2, under the filtering action of the filter element, the dust is removed, and the clean air is discharged; when the length of time in which the dust concentration detected by the first dust sensor 7 is <2 mg/m ³ continuously exceeds 10 seconds, the dust collector automatically stops operating.

After starting the dust collector, the pulse valves are automatically started, and the pulse valves of the respective sections carry out the pulse jet dust removal according to the set spray time and spray interval to ensure the dust collection efficiency and the life of the filter element. Part of the clean air filtered by the dust collector is discharged along the axial outlet 51 of the induced draft fan toward the hole, and the volume of discharged air can be adjusted by the angle of the rotating plate in the muffler 6 when the discharged air up to the watertight Cart moves, because a plastic cloth is attached to the vertical surface of one side of the non-passable structural part of the waterproof cart facing the tunnel surface, the airflow is blocked by the plastic cloth and reflected back, and the airflow moves toward the tunnel surface to prevent the dust spreads towards the hole; the other part of the clean air is blown along the side outlet 52 of the induced draft fan obliquely to the tunnel surface, so that the dust is concentrated near the vacuum suction port of the dust collector and sucked out in time without spreading to the outside. At the same time, the air volume of the dust collector is 15-20 times the product of the width and height of the tunnel (unit m ³ /min), and the air volume of the ventilation pipe is 50-80% of the air volume of the vacuum suction port, that is, the ventilation volume is less than the suction air volume, so that the external airflow moves from the drivable area of the waterproof cart toward the tunnel surface to replenish the air, in this way the air in the area from the waterproof cart to the tunnel surface can form local circulation to make the Effectively prevent dust from spreading to the hole, so that the dust is quickly collected and eliminated after blasting.

• Legen der Blasvorrichtung in den Tunnel, so dass der Abstand der Blasvorrichtung zu der Sprengfläche kleiner als 50 m ist;
• Legen der Entstaubungsvorrichtung in den Tunnel, so dass der Abstand der Staubsaugöffnung des Staubsaugrohrs 2 zu der Sprengfläche zwischen 60 m und 90 m liegt;
• wenn die Zeitdauer, in der die von dem zweiten Staubsensor erfasste Staubkonzentration größer als der eingestellte Schwellenwert ist, die voreingestellte Zeitdauer kontinuierlich überschreitet, werden der Entstaubungskasten 3 und das Saugzuggebläse 4 zum Starten angesteuert; nach Starten des Entstaubungskastens 3 und des Saugzuggebläses 4 tritt die mit Staub gemischte Luft durch das Staubsaugrohr 2 in den Entstaubungskasten 3 ein, nachdem das Filterelement in dem Entstaubungskasten 3 den Staub filterte, wird die saubere Luft aus dem axialen Auslass 51 und seitlichen Auslass 52 des Saugzuggebläses 4 abgeführt;
• wenn die Zeitdauer, in der die von dem ersten Staubsensor 7 erfasste Staubkonzentration kleiner als der eingestellte Schwellenwert ist, die voreingestellte Zeitdauer kontinuierlich überschreitet,
• werden der Entstaubungskasten 3 und das Saugzuggebläse 4 zum Aufhören mit dem Betrieb angesteuert.

Based on the above embodiments of the device, the present invention further provides a dedusting method comprising a dedusting device in any embodiment. The dedusting process includes the following steps in particular:

• placing the blowing device in the tunnel so that the distance from the blowing device to the blasting surface is less than 50 m;
• Laying the dedusting device in the tunnel so that the distance from the suction opening of the suction pipe 2 to the blasting surface is between 60 m and 90 m;
• when the time period in which the dust concentration detected by the second dust sensor is greater than the set threshold value continuously exceeds the preset time period, the dedusting box 3 and the induced draft fan 4 are driven to start; after starting the dedusting box 3 and the induced draft fan 4, the air mixed with dust enters the dedusting box 3 through the vacuum suction pipe 2, after the filter element in the dedusting box 3 filtered the dust, the clean air is discharged from the axial outlet 51 and side outlet 52 of the Induced draft fan 4 discharged;
• when the period of time in which the dust concentration detected by the first dust sensor 7 is less than the set threshold continuously exceeds the preset period of time,
• the dedusting box 3 and the induced draft fan 4 are driven to stop operating.

The dedusting device and dedusting method according to the present invention are used in cooperation with the ventilation of the tunnel, when using, the dust collector does not need to be moved back and forth, the inlet and outlet pipes do not need to be connected, the device does not use water and has a simple structure and good practicability.

It is known from technical common sense that the present invention can be realized by other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed above are in all respects illustrative and not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope corresponding to the present invention should be construed as being within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

Dedusting device, characterized in that it comprises a movable dedusting component and a blowing device for blowing air onto the blasting surface, the dedusting component comprising a dedusting box (3) for filtering dust, a vacuum suction pipe (2) connected to the air inlet end of the dedusting box (3) for absorbing dust and air and an induced draft fan (4) connected to the air outlet end of the dust collector box (3); and wherein the distance from the air outlet of the blowing device to the blasting surface is less than 50 m, and wherein the distance from the vacuum suction opening of the vacuum suction pipe (2) to the blasting surface is between 60 m and 90 m; and wherein a second dust sensor (8) for detecting the dust concentration outside the vacuum suction pipe (2) and a first dust sensor (7) for detecting the dust concentration inside the vacuum suction pipe (2) are arranged on the vacuum suction pipe (2); and wherein the dust collecting box (3) and the induced draft fan (4) are each configured to be turned on according to the detection result of the second dust sensor (8) and turned off according to the detection result of the first dust sensor (7); and wherein the induced draft fan (4) is provided with an induced draft fan outlet (5) comprising a lateral outlet (52) for blowing the air toward one end of the blasting surface and an axial outlet (51) for blowing the air toward an end remote from the blasting surface . dedusting device claim 1 , characterized in that the second dust sensor (8) is configured so that it controls the dedusting box (3) and the induced draft fan (4) to start when the period of time in which the detected dust concentration is greater than the set threshold value, the preset duration continuously exceeded; wherein the first dust sensor (7) is configured to control the dust collection box (3) and the induced draft fan (4) to stop operating when the time period in which the detected dust concentration is less than the set threshold value is the preset time period continuously exceeded. dedusting device claim 1 , characterized in that in the dedusting box (3) a dust discharge flap (33), a filter element for filtering dust and a plurality of pulse units arranged along the air flow direction are arranged, each pulse unit comprising a plurality of pulse valves (31); and wherein the spraying times and the spraying time intervals of the pulse valves (31) are equal in the same pulse unit, while the spraying time intervals of the pulse valves (31) are different in different pulse units and the spraying time intervals gradually decrease along the air flow direction. dedusting device claim 3 , characterized in that in the dedusting box (3) along the air flow direction, a first pattern plate (36) and a second pattern plate (37) aligned parallel to the air flow direction are connected one after the other, the distance between the first pattern plate (36) and the bottom surface of the dedusting box ( 3) is greater than the distance from the second pattern plate (37) to the bottom surface of the dedusting box (3), and wherein a first blocking plate (39) aligned vertically to the second pattern plate (37) is also arranged in the dedusting box (3), and one end of the first blocking plate (39) being connected to the bottom surface of the dust collecting box (3) and the other end being connected to the second pattern plate (37); and wherein a plurality of first filter elements (35) are arranged on the bottom surface of the first pattern plate (36) and a plurality of second filter elements (38) are arranged on the bottom surface of the second pattern plate (37). dedusting device claim 4 , characterized in that between the air inlet of the dedusting box (3) and the first filter element (35) more horizontally or vertically arranged bending plates (34) are arranged; wherein the lower end of the flexure plate (34), the lower end of the first filter element (35) and the lower end of the second filter element (38) are in the same horizontal plane. dedusting device claim 5 Characterized in that dust discharge flaps (33) are provided in a number more than 1, a third blocking plate (311) being arranged between two adjacent dust discharge flaps (33); wherein the height of the third locking plate (311) 1/5-1/3 of the distance below ren end of the first filter element (35) to the bottom surface of the dedusting box (3). dedusting device claim 1 , characterized in that a wet filter unit is arranged in the dedusting box (3). dedusting device claim 1 characterized in that the axial outlet (51) faces away from the blasting surface and is vertically aligned with the blasting surface, the lateral outlet (52) and the axial outlet (51) being vertically aligned with one another; and wherein a plurality of deflectors (53) are arranged in the axial outlet (51) for directing the air flow to the blasting surface. dedusting device claim 8 , characterized in that the deflector (53) is any one of a bending plate, a circular arc plate and a straight plate. dedusting device claim 1 , characterized in that a silencer (6) is also connected to the axial outlet (51); wherein the muffler (6) comprises a first sound absorbing batt (63), a second sound absorbing batt (64), a rotating plate (65) and a frame-shaped muffler side plate (61), and wherein the first sound absorbing batt (63) is attached to the left and right side surface of the muffler side plate (61), and wherein the second sound absorbing batting (64) is connected to the upper and lower side surfaces of the muffler side plate (61); and wherein the rotary plate (65) is rotatably connected to the inside of the muffler side plate (61) by a rotary shaft (66) and can be fixed at any angle. dedusting device claim 1 , characterized in that the blowing device is a ventilation tube (1) arranged vertically to the blasting surface, the vacuum suction opening of the vacuum suction tube (2) being inclined to the direction of the ventilation tube by 30°-60°. Dedusting method for the dedusting device according to one of Claims 1 until 11 , characterized in that it comprises the following steps: placing the blowing device in the tunnel so that the distance from the air outlet of the blowing device to the blasting surface is less than 50 m; placing the dedusting device in the tunnel so that the distance from the vacuum suction opening of the vacuum suction pipe (2) to the blasting surface is between 60 m and 90 m; if the time period in which the dust concentration detected by the second dust sensor (8) is greater than the set threshold value continuously exceeds the preset time period, the dedusting box (3) and the induced draft fan (4) are controlled to start; after starting the dust collector box (3) and induced draft fan (4), the air mixed with dust enters the dust collector box (3) through the vacuum suction pipe (2), after the filter element in the dust collector box (3) filtered the dust, the clean air becomes discharged from the axial outlet (51) and lateral outlet (52) of the induced draft fan; when the time period in which the dust concentration detected by the first dust sensor (7) is less than the set threshold continuously exceeds the preset time period, the dust collection box (3) and the induced draft fan (4) are controlled to stop operating.

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