DE102021106840A1 - Textile product and use of the textile product - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a textile product comprising a core yarn, the core yarn comprising a core thread and a sheath; the sheath at least partially encloses the core filament; the core thread comprises natural fibers; and the covering comprises natural hair; and the use of the same.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a textile product. The invention also relates to the use of the textile product for binding hydrophobic liquids.

STATE OF THE ART

The use of oil binding agents in accidents involving mineral oils and mineral products is of great importance and has been tried and tested over many years.

A large number of oil-binding agents based on granules are known from the prior art. These include, for example, materials based on diatomaceous earth, calcium silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate, glass wool, calcium silicate hydrate, calcining clay, moss, sepiolite, pumice stone, calcium sulfate, aerated concrete, granulated gypsum, peat, attapulgite, alkyl styrene polymer, acetyl acid/salt or amorphous silica, rubber, polyurethane, polypropylene, polypropylene waste, polyethylene or polyethylene waste.

These granular and powder based oil binders are processed into rolls, tubes or pads for use. A list of tested oil binding agents is regularly published by the "Association of Manufacturers of Tested Oil and Chemical Binding Agents". V.” published.

In the DE 43 20 908 A1 describes an oil binder with a large specific surface area for binding petroleum or petroleum products, polyethylene in finely divided form being used as the binder.

As the DE 21 23 060 A1 an oil binding agent is known that consists of 92 to 98% water-repellent paraffin and an emulsifying agent.

There is a need for a material for binding oil (or other hydrophobic materials) that can be easily mass-produced.

In particular, there is a need for an oil scavenging material that can be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner at the end of the material's useful life.

There is also a need for an oil binding material that is capable of binding large quantities of oil (or other hydrophobic materials) accidentally discharged into water bodies and that is easy to handle.

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide a material for binding oil and other hydrophobic substances and/or amphiphilic substances which can be produced easily and in large quantities, which can be recycled after use and in a simpler manner way can be handled.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

textile product

• - das Kerngarn einen Kernfaden und eine Umhüllung umfasst;
• - die Umhüllung den Kernfaden zumindest teilweise umschließt;
• - der Kernfaden Naturfasern umfasst; und
• - die Umhüllung Naturhaare umfasst.

This object is achieved by a textile product that includes a core yarn, wherein

• - the core yarn comprises a core yarn and a sheath;
• - The sheath encloses the core thread at least partially;
• - the core thread comprises natural fibers; and
• - the sheath includes natural hair.

The term "textile product" as used herein refers to a linear or planar or spatial structure that is produced by known methods starting from the core yarn. A textile product refers in particular to linear textile structures such as braid-like structures or ropes, flat textile structures such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, scrims, crocheted fabrics, meshes, stitched fabrics, nonwovens and felts and three-dimensional textile structures (body structures) such as textile tubes.

It can be provided that the textile product comprises the core yarn in an amount of at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the textile product. It can be provided that the textile product comprises the core yarn in an amount of at least 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the textile product. It can be provided that the textile product comprises the core yarn in an amount of at least 98% by weight, based on the total weight of the textile product. It can be provided that the textile product comprises the core yarn in an amount of at least 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the textile product. It can be provided that the textile product essentially consists of the core yarn. Provision can be made for the textile product to consist of the core yarn.

It can be provided that the core thread and the sheath together make up at least 90% by weight of the core yarn, based on the total weight of the core yarn. It can be provided that the core thread and the sheath together at least 95 wt .-%, based on make up the total weight of the core yarn, the core yarn. It can be provided that the core thread and the sheath together make up at least 98% by weight of the core yarn, based on the total weight of the core yarn. It can be provided that the core thread and the sheath together make up at least 99% by weight of the core yarn, based on the total weight of the core yarn. It can be provided that the core yarn essentially consists of the core thread and the sheath. It can be provided that the core yarn consists of the core thread and the sheath.

It can be provided that the core thread comprises the natural fibers in an amount of at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the core thread. Provision can be made for the core thread to comprise the natural fibers in an amount of at least 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the core thread. Provision can be made for the core thread to comprise the natural fibers in an amount of at least 98% by weight, based on the total weight of the core thread. It can be provided that the core thread comprises the natural fibers in an amount of at least 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the core thread. It can be provided that the core thread essentially consists of the natural fibers. It can be provided that the core thread consists of the natural fibers.

Provision can be made for the cover to comprise the natural hairs in an amount of at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the cover. It can be provided that the cover comprises the natural hair in an amount of at least 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the cover. It can be provided that the cover comprises the natural hair in an amount of at least 98% by weight, based on the total weight of the cover. Provision can be made for the cover to comprise the natural hairs in an amount of at least 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the cover. Provision can be made for the wrapping to essentially consist of the natural goods. It can be provided that the covering consists of the natural hair.

It can be provided that the sheath encloses at least 90% of the surface of the core thread, based on the entire surface of the core thread, i. H. covers at least 90% of the surface of the core filament. It can be provided that the sheath encloses at least 95% of the surface of the core thread, based on the entire surface of the core thread, i. H. covers at least 95% of the surface of the core filament. It can be provided that the sheath encloses at least 98% of the surface of the core thread, based on the entire surface of the core thread, i. H. covers at least 98% of the surface of the core filament. It can be provided that the sheath encloses at least 99% of the surface of the core thread, based on the entire surface of the core thread, i. H. covers at least 99% of the surface of the core filament. It can be provided that the sheath essentially encloses the entire surface of the core thread, i. H. covers substantially the entire surface of the core filament. It can be provided that the sheath encloses the entire surface of the core thread, i. H. covers the entire surface of the core filament.

It can be provided that the textile product consists only of natural materials. It can be provided that the textile product consists only of materials that are compostable. Provision can be made for the textile product to consist only of materials that can be disposed of with residual waste.

It can be provided that the core thread and the sheath are present in a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1:10. It can be provided that the core thread and the sheath are present in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:5. It can be provided that the core thread and the sheath are present in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 1:4. Provision can be made for the core thread and the sheath to be present in a weight ratio of approximately 1:3.

It can be provided that the core yarn has a diameter in a range from 0.1 cm to 5 cm. It can be provided that the core yarn has a diameter in a range from 0.5 cm to 4 cm. It can be provided that the core yarn has a diameter in a range from 1 cm to 3 cm.

natural fibers

The term "natural fiber" as used herein refers to fibers that come from natural sources and can be used directly without further chemical conversion reactions. They are therefore to be distinguished from man-made fibers that are produced synthetically. In this context, man-made fibers are primarily fibers that are produced artificially, using chemical-technical processes and/or from synthetic polymers and from inorganic substances, predominantly in the form of filaments.

It can be provided that the natural fibers are selected from jute fibers, hemp fibers, cotton fibers, bast fibers, bamboo fibers, cocoa fibres, cane sugar fibres, grain fibres, preferably wheat fibers or oat fibres, potato fibres, vegetable fibres, preferably pea fibers or carrot fibres, fruit fibres, cellulose fibers or mixtures of two or more thereof.

It can be provided that the natural fibers are selected from jute fibers, hemp fibers, cotton fibers or mixtures of two or more thereof.

The core thread can be created from the natural fibers by twisting the natural fibers into a rope corresponding to the core thread. An initial length of the natural fibers of at least 30 cm is preferred. The core thread itself can be a filament.

natural hair

The term "natural hair" as used herein denotes cleaned, but otherwise untreated hair from animals and humans, preferably from animals, in particular the fur of animals. The term "natural hair" as used herein refers in particular to cleaned animal hair from a length of 3 cm with a heavily scaly structure of the outermost cuticle. By cadding, the individual hairs can be brought into a uniform lying direction (parallel alignment). Due to the parallel orientation, a connection of the fibers can be achieved by means of the scale structure of the same, which interlocks and can create a so-called wool. The core yarn can be obtained by spinning such a wool around the core yarn. A particularly hard-wearing core yarn can be obtained in this way.

It can be provided that the natural hair is animal hair, preferably the hair of an animal selected from sheep, rabbit, camel, alpaca, cat, dog, goat, llama, yak, musk ox or two or more of these, preferably the hair of a sheep (sheep's wool ).

Textile fabric

It can be provided that the textile product is a textile fabric, preferably selected from the group consisting of a woven fabric, a mesh, a scrim, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric or mixtures of two or more thereof. The fabric may be round, rectangular, square, polygonal, oval or irregular, and is generally not limited in shape. The shape of the textile fabric can be adapted to the intended use. By adapting the shape of the fabric to the shape of a potential site of use (e.g. by using a round fabric in a round drain), effective use as described herein can be achieved.

Provision can be made for the textile fabric to be provided with a seam in order to keep the textile fabric dimensionally stable. This can prevent the fabric and/or the core yarn from unraveling during use. The yarn used for sewing in this connection is preferably a yarn of natural origin, preferably biodegradable. A fabric consisting essentially of the core yarn may comprise the yarn used to make the seam.

Braided structure

Alternatively, it can be provided that the textile product has a plait-like structure. In this context, a plait-like structure refers in particular to an ornamental strand that can be produced by techniques such as braiding, knotting, twisting, twisting or tying together. A plait-like structure can easily be produced using an ordinary knitting machine (“Strickliesel”).

oil barrier

The object is also achieved by an oil barrier which comprises at least one textile product according to the invention and at least one buoyancy element.

Provision can be made for the oil barrier to comprise at least two textile products according to the invention and at least one buoyancy element which connects the two textile products to one another.

It can be provided that the oil barrier comprises a multiplicity of textile products according to the invention and a multiplicity of buoyancy elements which connect the textile products according to the invention to one another. It can be provided that the textile products according to the invention and the buoyancy elements are arranged alternately. In this context, "a plurality" means preferably at least 10, more preferably at least 20, also preferably at least 50, more preferably at least 100.

It can be provided that the buoyancy element is wood. It can be provided that the buoyancy element is a piece of wood.

Provision can be made for the total density of all textile products, all buoyancy elements and all optionally additionally provided elements contained in the barrier to be less than 1 g/cm3. It can be provided that the overall density of all textile products, all buoyancy elements, and all optionally additionally provided elements that are contained in the barrier is less than the density of salt water.

It can be provided that the total density of all textile products, all buoyancy elements, and all optionally additionally provided elements contained in the barrier after the oil barrier has been exposed to water to a saturation equilibrium is less than 1 g/cm ³ . It can be provided that the total density of all textile products, all buoyancy elements, and all optionally additionally provided elements contained in the barrier after the oil barrier has been exposed to salt water to a saturation equilibrium is less than the density of salt water.

Provision can be made for the weight ratio of buoyancy elements to textile products in the oil barrier to be 1:10 to 1:1. Provision can be made for the weight ratio of buoyancy elements to textile products in the oil barrier to be 1:5 to 1:2. textile products in the oil barrier is about 1:2.

Use as oil binding material

Finally, the object is achieved by using the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention for binding at least one hydrophobic liquid and/or one amphiphilic substance.

The term "hydrophobic liquid" as used herein refers to all substantially water-immiscible liquids (including solutions of hydrophobic substances), being substantially immiscible having a miscibility of 10% by volume or less, alternatively 5% by volume or less, alternatively 2% by volume or less. In particular, hydrophobic liquids are oils that are immiscible with water, e.g. B. crude oil, gasoline and diesel fuels, essential oils, mineral oils, silicone oils, waste oils, oil waste, oil mixtures, etc. Under hydrophobic liquids, this invention also means in particular non-polar solvents (solvents), such as. B. alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, gasoline, aromatics with aliphatic and aromatic substituents, turpentine, long-chain alcohols, etc.

In addition to hydrophobic liquids, the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention can also bind surfactants or other amphiphilic substances, ie substances which have at least one non-polar part in their structure. It can be provided that the amphiphilic substance is present in dissolved form and is bound out of the solution, the solvent for dissolving the amphiphilic substance being miscible with water, immiscible with water or partially miscible with water or being water.

The term “binding” as used herein denotes adsorption of the substance to be bound on a surface of the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention, in particular by van der Waals forces.

The textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention can be used to remove one or more hydrophobic liquid(s), in particular oils, from bodies of water, both standing and flowing fresh and salt water bodies of any size. In particular, after an unintentional release of oils in nature, for example after an oil tanker has crashed, the spread of the oil in the environment can be prevented quickly and effectively.

Likewise, the use of the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention as an oil filter in a drain, a gully or at gas stations, oil refineries, oil transfer stations, port facilities, on ships, in sewage treatment plants, oil separation plants, water treatment plants, swimming pools, bathing establishments, gastronomy etc. can be provided .

The use can also include a step of working up the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention after the binding of the hydrophobic liquid, the bound hydrophobic liquid being essentially completely removed, for example by thorough washing with an aqueous soap solution. This enables the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention to be reused or disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner.

After the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention has been worked up, these can be composted or disposed of with the residual waste.

During processing, it can be provided that the substance bound by means of the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention, ie for example the hydrophobic liquid, is recovered after binding. Provision can be made here for the recovery to take place by squeezing the bound substance out of the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention, ie by exerting pressure on the textile product or the oil barrier according to the invention, for example using a press. The substance recovered in this way can be reused.

BENEFICIAL EFFECTS

Surprisingly, the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention can be used to bind large amounts of hydrophobic substances, in particular oil, and thus remove them from a system, for example a body of water.

One kilogram of textile product can bind hydrophobic/amphiphilic pollutants up to eight times its own weight (related to the total weight of the natural hair), which means that the pollutant can be easily removed from water bodies.

At the end of the useful life of the textile product according to the invention or the oil barrier according to the invention, after thorough cleaning, dissolving and washing out the hydrophobic substances, they can either be composted or added to the residual waste. In the latter case, the cleaned fabric and oil barrier can increase the calorific value in an incinerator and reduce the need for co-firing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The invention is to be described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific exemplary embodiments. However, the scope of protection of the patent is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and the disclosure content of the figures. These are for illustration only and represent a specific embodiment.

character list

• 1 Textile product according to the invention in the form of a round fabric.
• 2 Textile product according to the invention in the form of a plait.

In the 1 a textile product 1 is shown in the form of a round fabric. This consists essentially of a core yarn 2, which is held in the specified shape by sewing along the seams 3.

In the 2 a textile product 1 is shown in the form of a braid obtained by braiding a core yarn 2. FIG.

exemplary embodiments

1. Making a core yarn

A carrier thread (core thread) was made from hemp fibers with an average length of about 30 cm by twisting them into a rope.

At the same time, a wool was created from sheepskin hair by cadding. The yarn thus obtained was spun around the hemp carrier thread to produce a core yarn having a thickness of about 1.5 cm. The weight ratio of sheepskin hair to carrier thread was about 3:1.

2. Making a fabric

A round fabric was produced from the core yarn produced according to (1.) by weaving and sewing.

3. Creating an oil barrier

By braiding the core yarn prepared according to (1.), several textile products in the form of braids were produced. Several corresponding braids were linked with the help of wooden connectors.

4. Use of the sheet as an oil filter

A round sheet-like structure produced according to (2.) and weighing about 13 g was fixed in a tube with a round diameter using a grid in such a way that the sheet-like structure completely filled the cross-sectional area of the tube.

A mixture of 1000 ml of water and 200 ml of oil (95 octane commercial petrol, density 0.75 kg/l) was passed through the sheet placed in the tube. The amount of oil at the outlet of the tube was determined after decanting by measuring the volume of oil using a measuring cylinder.

It was found that the amount of oil was reduced by about 80 g after passing through the sheet-equipped tube.

5. Use of the oil barrier

The oil barrier produced according to (3.) was placed on the water surface of a vat filled with water and fastened with nails at opposite ends of the rim of the vat, so that two water surface areas in the vat, completely separated by the oil barrier, were obtained.

Oil (95 octane commercial gasoline) was carefully applied to one of the two surface areas where the oil soon spread evenly. In the other surface area beyond the oil barrier, no appreciable amount of oil could be observed even after several hours.

The features of the invention disclosed in the above description, the claims and the drawings are essential both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 4320908 A1 [0005]
• DE 2123060 A1 [0006]

Claims (10)

Textile product comprising a core yarn, wherein - the core yarn comprises a core yarn and a sheath; - The sheath encloses the core thread at least partially; - the core thread comprises natural fibers; and - the sheath includes natural hair. Textile product after claim 1 , wherein the core thread and the sheath are present in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:5. Textile product after claim 1 or 2 , wherein the core yarn has a diameter in a range of 0.5 cm to 4 cm. Textile product according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the natural fibers are selected from jute fibers, hemp fibers, cotton fibers, bast fibers, bamboo fibers, cocoa fibers, cane sugar fibers, grain fibers, preferably wheat fibers or oat fibers, potato fibers, vegetable fibers, preferably pea fibers or carrot fibers, fruit fibers, cellulose fibers or mixtures of two or more of them. Textile product according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the natural hair is the hair of an animal selected from sheep, rabbit, camel, alpaca, cat, dog, goat, llama, yak, musk ox or two or more thereof. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric is a fabric. Textile product according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , wherein the textile product has a cable-like structure. Oil barrier that includes: - at least one textile product according to one of the preceding claims; and - at least one buoyancy element. oil barrier after claim 8 , where the buoyancy element is wood. Use of the textile product according to any one of Claims 1 until 7 or the oil barrier claim 8 or 9 for binding at least one hydrophobic liquid and/or at least one amphiphilic substance.

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