DE102020208697A1 - Method and charging point for carrying out an energy transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for carrying out an energy transfer, ie in particular charging an electric vehicle. An authentication of a service recipient is done downstream and thus made possible in a time-saving manner while at the same time ensuring undiminished security for the charging point operator. A locking mechanism activated when the vehicle is parked is namely not released as long as there is no authorization for payment of the service. A particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that it creates a technical solution with which legal requirements for selective charging can be implemented with little retrofitting. In particular, locking mechanisms in the case of wired charging are already known, which can be reused according to the invention with little effort. Known previous payment authorization (»prepaid«) for charging processes are replaced by a subsequent payment authorization (»postpaid«), which is also known today at common gas stations.

Description

Electrically operated equipment, for example transport machines that are at least partially powered by electrical energy, in particular electric vehicles, have at least one accumulator which has to be charged regularly by electrical energy transmission when the equipment is in operation. Energy is usually transmitted at a charging point or charging station, which is also known in the art as Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment or EVSE for short. To transfer electrical energy, a charging point is connected to the electric vehicle via a charging cable or with a wireless, inductive coupling.

With the increasing expansion of a charging infrastructure, increased attention is being paid to the availability of a large number of different public charging points. Authorization procedures for the use of charging points or charging infrastructure in general are usually designed in such a way that they allow quick authorization after a time-consuming - but usually only performed once - registration.

Registration is complex because, depending on the scope of the proof of identity required for registration, a large number of procedural steps for secure authentication may be required, which can also be associated with waiting times, e.g. postal times. Authorization procedures with prior registration are mainly used for so-called contract-based charging, which is based on a continuing obligation between a service provider and a service recipient.

Such a continuing obligation leads to a number of disadvantageous effects for the service recipient as a result of a longer-term commitment to the service provider. On the one hand, the service recipient does not have the option of using a charging infrastructure from another service provider. On the other hand, the latter can only benefit to a limited extent from lower prices from competitors.

Both problems have been recognized and solutions have been proposed. In order to increase the range of charging infrastructure, a conceptual separation of an electric mobility provider or EMP (»Electro Mobility Provider«) and a charging point operator or CPO (»Charge Point Operator«) is known. A charging point operator is someone who has a decisive influence on the operation of a charging point, taking into account the legal, economic and factual circumstances. This must be distinguished from the electromobility provider as a provider offering access to the charging infrastructure. For this purpose, a charging point operator concludes an access contract with the electromobility provider, on the basis of which the electromobility provider offers the service recipient a contract for the use of the charging point. A contractual relationship between the service recipient and the charging point operator therefore usually does not exist, but cannot be ruled out.

So-called roaming platforms are also known, which public charging points also make service recipients accessible for which there is no continuing obligation between the service recipient and the charging point operator of the public charging point or the electromobility provider as the contractual partner of this charging point operator. The roaming platform approach also allows the electric mobility provider to use several charging point operators to fulfill the service, whereby he can purchase the services of the charging point operators bundled, also via service providers.

For the service recipient, however, the use of roaming platforms means additional costs, since the process costs and profit margins of the roaming portal and the charging point operator are also included in the final price of the service purchased by the service recipient. The purchased service usually consists mainly of the electrical energy purchased for charging the electric vehicle, but can increasingly also include value-added services - for example items or services consumed during the charging process.

In order to regulate prices in line with the market on the one hand and on the other hand to enable ad hoc use of publicly accessible charging points even without prior contractual commitments, a directive 2014/94/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of October 22, 2014 was adopted in the European Union on the development of the infrastructure for alternative fuels, which in Article 4, Paragraph 9 regulates "point charging" at publicly accessible charging points, i.e. the ad hoc use of publicly accessible charging points for the electrical charging of electrical equipment without any contractual obligations going beyond this .

The requirements of this directive 2014/94/EU were implemented in Germany with the regulation on minimum technical requirements for the safe and interoperable construction and operation of publicly accessible charging points for electric vehicles (»charging column regulation« or abbreviated LSV). A possibility for selective charging is standardized in §4 LSV.

According to §4 LSV, the charging point operator or CPO of a publicly accessible charging point must enable a service recipient to charge at certain points without a previously concluded contract with the charging point operator CPO or an electromobility provider EMP having to exist. In addition to paying in cash, the charging point operator can alternatively offer a cashless payment process by enabling the necessary authentication using a common card-based payment system or using a common web-based system.

However, the requirements of this regulation only insufficiently solve the underlying problems with authentication for payment services. For a charging point operator or a charging infrastructure operator, the authentication method that is cheapest to implement is linked to web-based authentication. However, such an authentication method requires prior registration by the service recipient. Instead of authentication with the charging point operator CPO or with the electromobility provider EMP, authentication can also be carried out by a web-based service of a payment service provider, so that the pre-contractual non-binding required for selective charging is fulfilled de lege. Due to the often insufficient or even missing compatibility between web-based payment service providers, such a payment option is not comparable to cash or card-based payment methods in terms of flexibility.

In addition to the duration of the authentication process, the chronological sequence in which the authentication process takes place during a loading process is particularly problematic. Since the authentication currently has to take place before the charging process begins, there will be delays in the charging process - even if the service recipient is already registered for an authentication method offered by the charging station - since the authentication is based on the current design of a charging process not only identifies the service recipient for billing purposes, but is also a mandatory condition to start an energy transmission. In other words, according to the current design of a charging process, the authentication is a condition for the charging process to be authorized.

There is therefore a need to redesign current methods for carrying out energy transmission, in particular at publicly accessible charging points, in such a way that authentication by the service recipient creates fewer barriers to ad hoc use of the public charging point.

The object of the invention is to specify a method for carrying out an energy transfer, in which an authentication of a service recipient is made possible in a time-saving manner while at the same time undiminished security for the charging point operator.

The object is achieved by a method having the features of patent claim 1 and by a charging point having the features of patent claim 12 .

1. a) das in einem Bereich des Ladepunkts abgestellte Betriebsmittel wird durch Betätigung eines Verriegelungsmechanismus an einer Fortbewegung gehindert oder eingeschränkt;
2. b) eine galvanische oder induktive Kopplung zur Energieübertragung zwischen dem Ladepunkt und dem Betriebsmittel wird ausgebildet;
3. c) zumindest während der Energieübertragung erfolgt eine Bildung von Messdaten;
4. d) eine zu verrechnende Leistung wird bestimmt und die zu verrechnende Leistung wird durch Autorisierung mit einem Authentifikationsmittel eines Leistungsempfängers für eine Verrechnung bereitgestellt; und;
5. e) der Verriegelungsmechanismus wird gelöst, wenn zumindest die Autorisierung in Schritt d) erfolgreich war.

The method according to the invention for carrying out an energy transfer between a charging point and an item of equipment comprises the following steps:

1. a) the equipment parked in an area of the charging point is prevented or restricted from moving by actuating a locking mechanism;
2. b) a galvanic or inductive coupling for energy transfer between the charging point and the equipment is formed;
3. c) measurement data is formed at least during the energy transmission;
4. d) a service to be billed is determined and the service to be billed is made available for billing by authorization with an authentication means of a service recipient; and;
5. e) the locking mechanism is released if at least the authorization in step d) was successful.

The first step a) according to the invention provides for an actuation of a locking mechanism already after the operating means has been switched off. With this locking mechanism, the equipment is prevented or restricted from moving. A background of this measure according to the invention in this first step is that turning off the equipment the will of the service recipient - ie an owner or owner of the equipment, such as a vehicle owner - manifests that the service recipient wants a contract for paid energy transmission. The service recipient will be informed of this by means of suitable legal conditions and notices. Furthermore, turning off the equipment as a reason for locking according to the invention can be supplemented by other requirements, for example actuation of operating elements or other technical confirmation actions, which by turning off the equipment for Supplement the expressed contractual commitment with a qualified declaration of intent. In contrast to the further method steps of the invention, the chronological classification of method step a) as the first method step is mandatory. The reason for this is discussed in more detail below.

In a subsequent step b), a galvanic or inductive coupling for energy transmission is formed between the charging point and the equipment without an authentication of the service recipient having been required up to now. Similar to a refueling process at a gas station, the service provider makes an advance payment for the service offered - an electrical energy transmission - without the service recipient paying in advance at this point in time or having authorized a payment service with an authentication means for billing.

In a subsequent step c), at least during the energy transmission, measurement data is formed, which, due to the lack of authentication, is initially formed and stored in a neutral form without reference to identity, for example in relation to a clear provisional process identifier.

In a subsequent step d), the service to be billed is now determined. In addition to the electrical energy transmitted during the charging process, the service to be billed can include other items or services consumed during the charging process. A commonly cited example of consumed items is a cup of coffee drunk while charging. The place where the power to be billed is determined is not necessarily in the vicinity of the charging station, but rather, for example, at a kiosk near a charging infrastructure that includes several charging stations. The service can also include a parking time spent in the parking space, for example a period of time elapsed between method steps a) and d). The service to be billed is made available for billing by means of authorization with an authentication means of the service recipient. Payment is made, for example, with a debit payment system or an online payment service provider. Optionally, the service recipient can pay for the billed service directly in cash, e.g. in the kiosk mentioned above. In particular, prepaid cards in connection with a secret number, payment service providers in connection with account names and passwords or using an application of the payment service provider running on a mobile device of the service recipient are used as means of authentication. The application of the payment service provider advantageously makes identification dependent on the provision of further evidence or factors such as biometric evidence. Provision of further evidence or factors is also known in the art as two-factor authentication or multi-factor authentication.

In a subsequent step e), the locking mechanism is released if at least the authorization in step d) was successful. In other words, ex negativo, the locking mechanism is not released as long as there is no authorization for payment of the service.

The invention creates a technical basis for replacing the existing practice of prior payment authorization (“prepaid”) during charging processes with subsequent payment authorization (“postpaid”). This variant saves the service recipient much more time in any case of a possible design of the payment location - i.e. both in a kiosk and directly at the charging station - since he can start the charging process immediately and then authorize with an authentication means during the inevitable waiting time the energy transfer, can make. In the payment variant in a kiosk, he can also authorize the payment of the energy transmission together with a cup of coffee consumed there, which is also more time-saving than the prepaid variant. The invention thus solves the sub-task of enabling authentication of a service recipient in a more time-saving manner than previously known.

Attempted circumvention of the payment authorization by a service recipient who is unwilling to pay is prevented or at least made more difficult by method step e). The invention thus solves the sub-task of enabling the time-saving authentication of the service recipient with simultaneous undiminished security for the charging point operator.

The invention is based on a downstream authentication, which is diametrically opposed to existing practice - namely an authentication that must precede a loading process - is designed, but conforms to existing standards, for example IEC63851 or ISO15118 , is.

Method steps b), c) and d) relate to method steps of the energy transmission as well as billing and determination modalities that do not necessarily have to be processed in this order in order to implement the invention. The outline points b), c) and d) are thus to be understood solely for the sake of clear reference and not on the basis of a fixed chronological order. Process steps b), c) and d) can be carried out overall without paying attention to an order. In contrast to process steps b), c) and d), the chronological classification of process steps a) as the first process step and e) as the last process step is mandatory.

• - ein Steuerungsmodul zur Betätigung eines Verriegelungsmechanismus, mittels dem eine Fortbewegung des vor dem Ladepunkt abgestellten Betriebsmittels gehindert oder eingeschränkt wird;
• - Mittel zur Energieübertragung mittels einer galvanischen oder induktiven Kopplung zur Energieübertragung zwischen dem Ladepunkt und dem Betriebsmittel;
• - Erfassungsmittel zur Bildung von Messdaten zumindest während der Energieübertragung;
• - Verrechnungsmittel zur Bestimmung einer zu verrechnenden Leistung und zur Bereitstellung der zu verrechnenden Leistung für eine Verrechnung durch Autorisierung mit einem Authentifikationsmittel eines Leistungsempfängers;
• - das Steuerungsmodul eingerichtet zur Lösung des Verriegelungsmechanismus nach Durchführung der Energieübertragung, sobald zumindest die Autorisierung durch das Verrechnungsmittel erfolgreich war.

The invention also relates to a charging point set up for energy transmission with equipment, which comprises the following components:

• - a control module for actuating a locking mechanism, by means of which movement of the equipment parked in front of the loading point is prevented or restricted;
• - Means for energy transfer by means of a galvanic or inductive coupling for energy transfer between the charging point and the equipment;
• - Detection means for forming measurement data at least during the energy transmission;
• - Billing means for determining a service to be billed and for providing the service to be billed for billing by authorization with an authentication means of a service recipient;
• - The control module is set up to release the locking mechanism after the energy transmission has been carried out, as soon as at least the authorization by the clearing agent was successful.

A particular advantage of the method according to the invention and the charging point according to the invention consists in creating a technical solution with which legal requirements for selective charging can be implemented with little retrofitting. In particular, locking mechanisms in the case of wired charging are already known, which can be used according to the invention with little effort.

A further advantage of the method according to the invention and the charging point according to the invention is that the concept according to the invention allows larger charging infrastructures to be operated in which a plurality of charging points integrates or supplements another business purpose - for example gastronomy, retail, cultural events etc. The charging points designed according to the invention are therefore particularly suitable for complete system providers who, instead of individual components, plan complete infrastructure equipment for commercial areas in which a charging infrastructure forms a core point or an important supplement to commercial activities.

Moreover, the method according to the invention is not limited to an application in road vehicles and can be used for any equipment and transport machines, in particular autonomous moving equipment, unmanned transport machines with transport containers and mobile logistics platforms. The haulage machine may be a vehicle, such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Vehicles of all sizes can be considered, i.e. commercial vehicles, in particular trucks, buses, passenger cars, motorcycles, bicycles, etc. However, the transport machine can also be an airplane, boat or ship.

Further configurations of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent patent claims.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the measurement data formed during the energy transmission are assigned to an event identifier. This process identifier advantageously offers a grouping feature which, in the absence of other personal features of the service recipient - is initially used to allocate the measurement data based on the grouping feature - due to the service recipient not having been identified or authenticated at this point in time. The process identifier is advantageously used as a provisional grouping feature in a subsequent stage—i.e. after the authentication has been carried out downstream—the process identifier is linked to at least one piece of data taken from the authentication means, or is replaced by at least one piece of data taken from the authentication means.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the process identifier is applied by a control module before or during the formation of the galvanic or inductive coupling.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, a plurality of electrical quantities measured during the energy transmission are collected in order to form measurement data. For example, electrical energy, electrical power, electrical current intensity, electrical voltage, etc., are measured as electrical variables at a plurality of time points that follow one another in time.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, a plurality of points in time or periods of time, in which the equipment was raised in a further effective range of the charging point, are used to form the measurement data. The additional or alternative collection of temporal data is used, for example, to bill for a parking time.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, a user interface is provided for a bidirectional exchange of control data between a control unit of the charging point and the service recipient. This measure is used, for example, to receive input from the service recipient for direct billing of the service at the charging point itself.

According to a further embodiment, the user interface is designed as a portable terminal. This advantageous measure expands the receipt of entries from the service recipient for direct billing of the service through the possibility of doing this while the service recipient is moving from the charging station. Either the terminal of the service recipient or a terminal that can be removed from the charging station and temporarily made available to the service recipient for use can be used as the portable terminal.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, returning the portable terminal device is an additional condition for the locking mechanism to be released. This configuration is particularly advantageous when the portable terminal is a terminal that can be removed from the charging station and is temporarily made available to the service recipient for use. To ensure a return, it can be provided that the locking mechanism is only released when the energy transfer has been successfully carried out, the authorization by the billing agent and the return of the terminal device temporarily made available to the service recipient for use has been successfully completed.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the operating means is an at least partially electrically driven transport machine, in particular an electric vehicle.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the locking mechanism is part of a lockable charging connector. This embodiment variant is particularly advantageous since current charging plugs are often already designed to be lockable. However, the intended locking mechanism of known charging plugs serves technical safety, more precisely protection against accidental contact with a charging plug during energy transmission. For example, the standardized processes according to IEC63851 or ISO15118 proposes that after the service recipient has been authenticated, the charging cable is released and the charging plug is locked after it has been plugged in, in order to ensure personal protection during the subsequent energy transfer. In contrast, the locking mechanism according to the invention provides for preventing or restricting the parked equipment from moving. For this purpose, which is different according to the invention, the existing locking mechanism explained above is advantageously reused.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the locking mechanism is part of an actuator device, also known as a “Z-mover”, which is designed to be movable on the underbody and relative to the operating means.

A Z-Mover is used for inductive charging of vehicles. When a vehicle drives over a charging plate provided with a transfer inductance, this is raised in a Z-calculation orthogonal to the surface so close to a complementary transfer inductance provided in a car floor area of the vehicle that a smaller distance between the transfer inductances is set to make the energy transfer more efficient to design.

Further exemplary embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The only FIG shows a schematic representation of a certificate-based authorization of a service recipient.

The only FIG shows a schematic representation of a charging point CHP, which is set up for energy transmission with a resource VEH. Depending on the size and design of the CHP charging point, it is also referred to as a charging station or charging facility. Functional components within the charging point CHP, which relate to the provision and processing of the electrical charging current, are not shown for reasons of clarity.

In the exemplary embodiment, the equipment VEH is an electrically driven vehicle. A - not shown - electrical energy storage of the vehicle VEH is designed in particular as a battery or traction battery and is used to store electrical energy, by means of a - not shown - Drive motor of the vehicle VEH can be supplied.

In the present case, the equipment VEH is connected to the charging point CHP by a charging cable CCB, which is shown schematically, for charging the electrical energy store BAT. Energy transmission is also conceivable and technically sensible in the opposite direction, from the VEH equipment to the CHP charging point. The equipment VEH is used in this reverse direction of energy transfer as a temporarily stationary electrical energy storage device, the stored energy of which is fed back into an associated energy supply network (not shown) via the charging point CHP. Such a fed-back energy transmission in the direction of the energy supply grid contributes to load smoothing and grid stability and can also help to prevent grid failures in extreme cases.

In addition, FIG. a mobile terminal MOP, which is assigned to a service recipient or user USR and is designed, for example, as a smartphone, tablet computer or smartwatch. The service recipient USR is, for example, a driver of the vehicle VEH.

Furthermore, means CCB, ZMV are provided for energy transmission between the charging point CHP and the resource VEH. In the drawing, a charging cable CCB for galvanic coupling of the energy transmission and an underbody actuator device ZMW designed to be movable relative to the equipment VEH with a charging coil or transmission inductance for inductive coupling of the energy transmission are provided.

Such an actuator device ZMW is also known in the art as a "Z mover". The movement in the Z-direction, ie perpendicular to the underbody plane of the equipment, is intended to improve the inductive coupling between the transfer inductance of the actuator device ZMW and the transmission inductance--not shown--on the equipment side.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, this actuator device ZMW on the underbody and designed to be movable relative to the equipment is used - in addition to its intended improvement of the inductive coupling - as a locking mechanism, for example by reducing the distance between the actuator device ZMW and the underbody of the equipment ZMV in such a way that the Equipment VEH is prevented or restricted from moving.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the locking mechanism is part of a lockable charging connector PLG. In this embodiment variant, too, the structural requirements are already implemented in common charging plugs PLG, so that their intended locking can be used advantageously as the locking mechanism according to the invention for the different purpose according to the invention.

According to an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, the locking mechanism is implemented by a bollard BLL that can be raised, alone or in addition to the locking mechanisms mentioned above.

According to an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, the locking mechanism is implemented alone or in addition to the above-mentioned locking mechanisms by one or more barriers, delimitations or other barriers (not shown).

A user interface UIF is assigned to or integrated in the charging point CHP. The user interface UIF includes an input/output unit (not shown) for receiving inputs from the user USR and/or for outputting information to the user USR. An input can be made both manually by the user USR and by wired or wireless reception of input data, which are entered on the mobile terminal device MOP of the user USR and transmitted to the interface unit UIF. An entry can also be made using a user card or loading card of the user USR (not shown).

Known means of authentication provide for the user ID of the user USR to be accepted at the charging point CHP. The user ID is usually stored on the charging card assigned to the user USR or on their mobile device MOP and transferred to the charging point CHP as part of the identification process. In conventional charging cards, the user ID stored thereon is transferred wirelessly, for example using known RFID technology or radio frequency identification.

Accordingly, data can be output both via an output unit of the user interface UIF and via wired or wireless transmission of output data to the mobile terminal MOP or to the user's charge card USR.

Furthermore, the charging point CHP includes recording means MET for generating measurement data at least during the energy transfer, which preferably record an amount of electrical energy during the charging process. The control module CTR, which is communicatively coupled to the detection means MET, receives corresponding measurement data which are provided by the detection means MET before, during and/or after the energy transmission or the charging process and are assigned to a process identifier. The control module also controls actuation of the locking mechanism, by means of which movement of the equipment VEH parked in an area of the charging point CHP is prevented or restricted, or released again after the energy transfer has been carried out, as soon as at least the authorization by the billing means was successful.

The service to be billed is determined using the measurement data assigned to the process identifier. A billing means ACC is used to determine a service to be billed and to provide the service to be billed for billing by authorization with an authentication means, for example using authentication data and applications stored on the portable terminal MOP of the service recipient USR. The service to be billed is alternatively or in a supportive manner via a data network NW to a billing center—not shown.

Method steps in this exemplary embodiment are explained below. Without restricting the generality, the resource VEH is a vehicle VEH, the service recipient USR is a user USR, ie, for example, an owner of the vehicle.

According to the invention, the locking mechanism is actuated after the vehicle VEH has been parked. This locking mechanism prevents or restricts movement of the vehicle VEH.

In addition, after this locking, it can be provided that the user is provided with a mobile terminal device MOP with a user interface. He can use this mobile end device MOP, for example, to control or monitor the charging process, but also for value-added services, e.g. Internet access. It can also be provided that the return of the mobile device is a further prerequisite for the release of the locking mechanism.

The mobile end device MOP can also be a means of payment, such as an RFID transponder, by means of which additional goods or services can be purchased, e.g. catering in a kiosk or restaurant.

In a subsequent step, the user USR forms a galvanic or inductive coupling for energy transmission between the charging point and the equipment without requesting authentication of the service recipient USR for this purpose. The actual loading process is then started. At the latest now - but preferably earlier, in the form of time values - the recording means MET record measurement data, which are assigned to a process identifier generated by the system, so that the energy delivered or other variables to be recorded by measurement are correctly assigned to a process or a service recipient, or more generally, to a Debtors or clients can be assigned before the service recipient is authenticated or even identified. In addition, a (time) measuring device can already transmit a process identifier before the plug is locked.

Provision can be made for time periods between at least two events - for example driving to the charging point, parking the vehicle, locking the vehicle VEH and/or the subsequent authentication by the user USR or his authorization of the service - to be recorded and monitored and an action is triggered when a predetermined value is exceeded. Such an action could be, for example, the triggering of an alarm message, as a result of which the charging point CHP is checked by security personnel.

According to one embodiment, a two-stage authentication is provided, in which the downstream authentication according to the invention is preceded by a pre-authentication. Such a pre-authentication advantageously does not require any interaction with the user USR. In this embodiment of the invention, a pre-authentication can already be carried out when approaching the charging point CHP by evaluating video signals, which can be used, for example, to determine whether energy is available before the downstream authentication or payment according to the invention provided or whether access to charging facilities is granted at all.

This pre-authentication can also be based on features of the license plate. It can be provided that particularly powerful charging points CHP may only be approached by vehicles VEH, which also have a so have the so-called E-mark, i.e. a mark that identifies them as an electric vehicle.

In a subsequent step, the service to be billed is determined. In addition to the electrical energy transmitted during the charging process, the service to be billed can include other items or services consumed during the charging process.

The service can also include time spent parking in the parking lot. The service to be billed is made available for billing by means of authorization with an authentication means of the service recipient.

The service is then charged for by authorization with an authentication means for the user USR. An authentication or a payment process is carried out, whereby the service can also be determined in more detail in the course of the authentication or the payment process. For example, it can be provided that a specific amount of energy to be transmitted or a specific charging time is specified as part of the authentication or payment.

Payment is made, for example, with a debit payment system or an online payment service provider. As an option, the service recipient can pay for the service charged directly in cash.

In a subsequent step, the locking mechanism is released if at least the authorization was successful.

In summary, the invention relates to a method for carrying out an energy transfer, in which an authentication of a service recipient is carried out downstream and thus in a time-saving manner while at the same time ensuring undiminished security for the charging point operator. A locking mechanism activated when the vehicle is parked is namely not released as long as there is no authorization for payment of the service.

A particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that it creates a technical solution with which legal requirements for selective charging can be implemented with little retrofitting. In particular, locking mechanisms in the case of wired charging are already known, which can be reused according to the invention with little effort. Known prior payment authorization (»prepaid«) for charging processes will be replaced by a subsequent payment authorization (»postpaid«), which is also known today at common gas stations.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Non-patent Literature Cited

• ISO15118 [0024, 0039]

Claims (12)

Method for carrying out an energy transfer between a charging point and an item of equipment, in which: a) the equipment (VEH) parked in an area of the charging point (CHP) is prevented or restricted from moving by actuating a locking mechanism; b) a galvanic or inductive coupling for energy transmission between the charging point (CHP) and the equipment (VEH) is formed; c) measurement data is formed at least during the energy transmission; d) a service to be billed is determined and the service to be billed is provided for billing by authorization with an authentication means of a service recipient (USR); and; e) the locking mechanism is released if at least the authorization in step d) was successful. Procedure according to the above Claim 1 , in which the measurement data formed during the energy transmission are assigned to a process identifier. Procedure according to the above patent claim 2 , in which the process identifier is applied by a control module (CTR) before or during the formation of the galvanic or inductive coupling. Method according to any of the above patent claims 2 until 3 , in which the process identifier is linked to at least one piece of data taken from the authentication means, or by which at least one piece of data taken from the authentication means is replaced. Method according to one of the aforementioned patent claims, in which at least one of the following data is collected to form measurement data: - a plurality of electrical variables measured during the energy transmission at a plurality of successive points in time; and or; - A plurality of times at which the equipment (VEH) is located in a further area of action of the charging point (CHP) or is being moved there, in particular a time at which the equipment (VEH) is parked in an area of the charging point (CHP). . Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which a user interface (UIF) is provided for a bidirectional exchange of control data between a control unit of the charging point (CHP) and the service receiver (USR). Procedure according to the above claim 6 , in which the user interface (UIF) is designed as a portable terminal (MOP). Procedure according to the above Claim 7 , in which a return of the portable terminal (MOP) is an additional condition that the locking mechanism is released. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the operating means (VEH) is an at least partially electrically driven transport machine, in particular an electric vehicle. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the locking mechanism is part of a lockable charging connector (PLG). Method according to one of the aforementioned patent claims, in which the locking mechanism is an actuator device (ZMV), preferably on the underbody and designed to be movable relative to the operating means (VEH). Charging point, set up for energy transfer with equipment, comprising, - A control module (CTR) for actuating a locking mechanism, by means of which movement of the equipment (VEH) parked in an area of the charging point (CHP) is prevented or restricted; - Means for energy transfer by means of a galvanic or inductive coupling for energy transfer between the charging point (CHP) and the equipment (VEH); - Detection means (MET) for forming measurement data at least during the energy transmission; - Billing means (ACC) for determining a service to be billed and for providing the service to be billed for billing by authorization with an authentication means of a service recipient (USR); - The control module (CTR) set up to solve the locking mechanism after carrying out the energy transfer as soon as at least the authorization by the clearing agent was successful.

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