DE102019206099B4 - Device for fastening a first component to a second component and for pressing a sealing arrangement between the first component and a third component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for fastening a first component (B1) comprising a sealing arrangement (3) to a second component (B2) by means of a screw element (6) and for pressing the sealing arrangement (3) between the first component (B1) and a third component (B3) arranged at a fixed distance from the second component (B2). The device (1) according to the invention comprises a tolerance compensation device (2) for compensating tolerances between the second component (B2) and the first component (B1) resting on the third component (B3) with an unpressed sealing arrangement (3) and a deformable spacer (4) which is designed and arranged in such a way that after the tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component (B1) can be moved in the direction of the second component (B2) by means of the screw element (6).

Description

The invention relates to a device for fastening a first component comprising a sealing arrangement to a second component by means of a screw element and for pressing the sealing arrangement between the first component and a third component arranged at a fixed distance from the second component.

From the prior art, as in the DE 42 24 575 C5 described, a device for tensioning connection of spaced apart components known. The connection is carried out by means of a connecting screw and by means of a spacer washer which is carried along by the screw and which is arranged in the spacing space and which is equipped with helical pitch support surfaces which are opposed by form-fitting helical support surfaces assigned to the other component. The support height can be reduced by a predetermined amount by the clamping force of the connecting screw.

In the DE 198 00 614 A1 describes a point holder for a plate designed as a single or double glazing, which is connected to a mounting bolt via a ball joint. The point holder comprises a flange ring inserted into a hole in the plate ( 2 ), which has a first spherical zone surface on the inside and a step with an internal thread, a threaded ring which has a second spherical zone surface and at least one external thread on the inside, a clamping ring that can be screwed onto the threaded ring and overlaps the plate and a joint ring with a device for detachable, radially displaceable attachment of the Mounting bolt and with an outer spherical zone surface which, together with the spherical zone surfaces of the flange ring and the threaded ring, forms the ball joint.

From the DE 10 2012 221 228 A1 a tolerance compensation device is known. A device for compensating tolerances between first and second components to be screwed together comprises a hollow cylindrical basic element which defines an axial direction, a hollow cylindrical compensating element which is in thread engagement with the basic element and a fastening element which is firmly connected to the basic element and which is essentially located in the axial direction Has direction extending pre-assembly clips for attaching the device to the first component. A spacer spring acting in the axial direction is provided, against the restoring force of which the fastening element can be moved towards the first component.

In the EP 1 695 525 B 1 describes a device for connecting a carrier part and an attachment part. The device comprises a connecting part which has two flange disks connected to one another via an intermediate piece and a latching structure, a receiving part which has a number of arms which are connected to a ring-like open receiving element and each extend outward from the receiving element to an outside fastening area extend, and an anchoring part which is formed with a further latching structure which cooperates with the latching structure of the connecting part for setting a distance between the receiving part and the anchoring part. The receiving part has a rounded inner edge of a plate-shaped area with an inner diameter that is smaller than the outer diameter of the flange disks. The flange disks enclose the plate-shaped area at the edge. The arms are at least partially angled opposite the direct connecting line between the receiving element and the outer fastening area and are attached to the rounded inner edge.

The invention is based on the object of providing a device, which is improved over the prior art, for attaching a first component comprising a sealing arrangement to a second component by means of a screw element and for pressing the sealing arrangement between the first component and one arranged at a fixed distance from the second component specify third component.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a device for fastening a first component comprising a sealing arrangement to a second component by means of a screw element and for pressing the sealing arrangement between the first component and a third component arranged at a fixed distance from the second component, having the features of claim 1 .

Advantageous refinements of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

A device according to the invention for fastening a first component comprising a sealing arrangement to a second component by means of a screw element and for pressing the sealing arrangement between the first component and a third, which is arranged at a fixed distance from the second component that is not or at least not exactly known due to possible tolerances Component comprises a tolerance compensation device for compensating for tolerances between the second component and the first component resting against the third component with an unpressed sealing arrangement and a deformable component Spacer which is designed and arranged in such a way that after tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component can be moved in the direction of the second component by means of the screw element. The deformable spacer is, for example, also referred to as a connecting element, in particular because, together with the tolerance compensation device, after the tolerance compensation has taken place, it establishes a contact connection between the first component and the second component via the tolerance compensation device and the deformable spacer, as will be described in more detail below.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible to arrange the tolerance compensation device on the first component and then to arrange the first component together with the tolerance compensation device on the second and third component, the tolerance compensation device then being passed through an opening in the third component in the direction of the second component and the first component with it its sealing arrangement is applied to the third component, initially without pressing the sealing arrangement. In particular, due to the high compression forces required to compress the sealing arrangement, manual pressing is not possible, rather the sealing arrangement is pressed by screwing the first component to the second component by means of the screwing element and the resulting increasing pulling of the first component towards the second component and thus also to the third component.

Since the distance between the first component and the third component is fixed, but can be subject to tolerances and is therefore not exactly known, this also applies to the distance between the second component and the first component, in particular, which is adjacent to the third component with the seal arrangement not yet pressed before tolerance compensation has taken place and the first component and the second component are screwed together. In order to press the sealing arrangement between the first component and the third component, the first component must therefore execute a predetermined movement path in the direction of the third component and thus in the direction of the second component, but no movement greater than this predetermined movement path in order not to overload the third component Load contact pressure and thereby damage or destroy it. For this purpose, it is first necessary to undertake the tolerance compensation between the first component, which is in contact with the third component with the seal arrangement still not pressed, and the second component. This is done by means of the tolerance compensation device.

Thereafter, a further movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus in the direction of the third component over the specified movement path is necessary in order to press the sealing arrangement between the first component and the third component in a specified manner. This is made possible by the solution according to the invention in that, while the tolerance compensation is being carried out by the deformable spacer, it is ensured that after the tolerance compensation has taken place, the specified path of movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus also in the direction of the one between the first component and the second component third component is made possible, namely by the deformation of the deformable spacer.

This is achieved in that the deformable spacer forms a tolerance compensation stop for the tolerance compensation, i. H. is not deformed during the implementation of the tolerance compensation by means of the tolerance compensation device, in particular since tolerance compensation forces occurring during the tolerance compensation are lower than would be required for deforming the deformable spacer.

During the implementation of the tolerance compensation by means of the tolerance compensation device, it is expediently ensured that the first component always rests with its, as yet unpressed, sealing arrangement on the third component and, in particular, is not lifted off the third component by performing the tolerance compensation by means of the tolerance compensation device. This is done, for example, by manually holding the first component, in particular by manually pressing the first component against the third component, or by holding, in particular pressing, the first component by means of an assembly device. The sealing arrangement cannot be pressed by this manual pressing or pressing by means of the assembly device, as already described above.

As an alternative or in addition to this manual solution, it can be provided, for example, that the device comprises at least one holding element which is provided for holding the first component on the third component, which is movable in the direction of the second component and with its unpressed sealing arrangement resting on the third component, as will be done later is explained.

After the tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component is pulled by screwing it to the second component by means of the screw element while deforming the deformable spacer in the direction of the second component and thus also in the direction of the third component arranged between the first and second component, in particular until a predetermined end stop is reached, whereby the sealing arrangement between the first component and the third component in a predetermined manner is pressed. This is made possible by the fact that forces acting on the deformable spacer due to the screwing by means of the screw element are sufficiently large to deform it, and forces acting on the sealing arrangement are also sufficiently large to compress it. The deformation of the spacer provides the required movement path between the first component and the second component even after the tolerance compensation has taken place by means of the tolerance compensation device, so that the approach of the first component to the second component also enables the first component to approach the third component to allow for pressing the sealing arrangement.

The specified end stop, which limits this movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus also in the direction of the third component to the specified movement path, is advantageously formed by the tolerance compensation device, which is arranged between the first component and the second component and, if the end stop has taken place, a Forms spacer element between the first component and the second component, whereby further movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus also in the direction of the third component is prevented and thereby an excessive load on the third component is avoided.

The tolerance compensation device advantageously comprises a hollow cylindrical base element which defines a longitudinal center axis, a hollow cylindrical compensation element in thread engagement with the base element, and a fastening element for arranging the tolerance compensation device on the first component. The fastening element can be firmly connected to the base element or formed in one piece with it or movably, in particular movably parallel to the longitudinal center axis, connected to the base element, this movement being made possible, for example, only by the deformation of the deformable spacer and taking place during this deformation while the undeformed spacer, for example, holds the base element and the fastening element immovably, in particular immovably parallel to the longitudinal center axis, relative to one another. This depends, for example, on a particular design and / or arrangement and / or mode of operation of the deformable spacer.

Such tolerance compensation devices are already known from the prior art. However, a deformable spacer in connection with such a tolerance compensation device is not known. The tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art, like the device described here, are intended, for example, for vehicle construction, especially when it comes to screwing two components together across a joint gap with tolerances, as described above. Both the tolerance compensation device known from the prior art and the device described here are arranged between the components to be connected and the screw element for screwing the components, for example a screw or a threaded bolt, is through appropriately provided openings in the components and through the tolerance compensation device passed through. When screwing the screw element, the compensation element is rotated relative to the base element via a driver spring connected between the screw element and the compensation element and thereby moved axially from its starting position to the base element, in particular moved out of the base element, until it reaches its compensation position in which the base element or a fastening element arranged on the base element or formed in one piece therewith and the compensating element each bear against one of the components and thus bridge the joint gap.

The tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art are particularly suitable for screwing components that do not have any sealing arrangements. When screwing components with a sealing arrangement at one, two or especially at more than two arranged fastening points, however, the devices known from the prior art can prove to be problematic, since the sealing components require surface pressure in every operating state for proper function. When using the tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art, there is only a distance compensation, so that the components are connected both without tension and without deformation. Consequently, the tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art can generate no or only an extremely low contact pressure, since they connect without tension and connect without deformation.

A method used in practice when using sealing arrangements and the tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art is to manually generate an alternate contact pressure when installing the tolerance compensation devices. The risk is that this additional work step is forgotten or cannot be carried out in practice, in particular because of the high forces required to press the sealing arrangement, or the quality of its execution and Repeatability fluctuates. As a result, the sealing arrangement cannot hermetically seal an interior space, so that moisture and dirt can penetrate into the interior space. Adjacent modules that contain electrical components can lose their function as a result.

The solution described here avoids these problems. The device described here is therefore particularly advantageous if the first component has a sealing arrangement for sealing a connection area between the first component and the third component. It is thus provided that the first component is not only attached to the second component, for example to a supporting structure of a vehicle, at a distance from it, but it is also provided that the first component, in the attached state, rests against the third component by means of its sealing arrangement, wherein the sealing arrangement is pressed in a predetermined manner between the first component and the third component in order to achieve an optimal sealing effect.

In one possible embodiment, the device therefore comprises the first component and / or the second component and / or the third component. The third component is advantageously arranged between the first component and the second component and connected to the second component, so that in particular a distance between the second component and the third component is predetermined and unchangeable or can only be changed by damaging the third component, but due to possible Tolerances are not known exactly. The tolerance compensation device is arranged in the area of the opening in the third component between the first component and the third component and after the tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component is arranged in an intermediate position in which it rests with the unpressed sealing arrangement on the third component and by means of the screw element in the direction of the second component is movable. After the first component has been moved by means of the screw element in the direction of the second component up to the end stop, the first component is advantageously arranged in an end position in which it rests against the third component with the sealing arrangement pressed between the first component and the third component and via the tolerance compensation device is supported on the second component

The solution described ensures that, after the compensation element has been unscrewed into the tolerance compensation position, the deformation of the deformable spacer still allows the first component to be moved in the direction of the second component and thus also in the direction of the third component, around the sealing arrangement between to press the first component and the second component in a predetermined manner. The deformable spacer acts between the first component and the second component and, through its deformation, releases a corresponding path of movement which enables the first component to be displaced in the axial direction in the direction of the second component, i.e. H. parallel to the longitudinal center axis, although restricted by its compression effect in order to be able to carry out the tolerance compensation first, but not finally prevented. I. E. this displacement of the first component in the direction of the second component in the axial direction, d. H. parallel to the longitudinal center axis, is only prevented or at least severely restricted during the implementation of the tolerance compensation, during the final fastening of the first component to the second component and the resulting compression of the sealing arrangement between the first component and the third component, this displacement of the first component in the direction of the second Component and thus also in the direction of the third component in the axial direction, d. H. parallel to the longitudinal center axis, however, no longer prevented, but released by the deformation of the deformable spacer.

In the further course of the assembly, the first component is thus drawn on by increasingly screwing it to the second component and thus also to the third component, the deformable spacer being increasingly compressed and the sealing arrangement between the first component and the third component being increasingly compressed. This takes place until the specified end stop is reached, which blocks further movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus also in the direction of the third component, so that the first component is then firmly screwed to the second component and the sealing arrangement is fixed to the specified Way is pressed between the first and third component. The end stop is, for example, by striking the first component on the tolerance compensation device, in particular on the base element and / or fastening element, or by striking the fastening element on the base element if these are movable relative to one another, or by striking the compensation element on the second component, in particular after compressing the component located in between deformable spacer realized.

The deformable spacer can be designed, for example, in such a way that it is already partially deformed, in particular compressed, when the device is attached to the first component. In this case, the deformability of the deformable spacer ensures that even after the tolerance compensation device has been mounted on the first component, a relative movement between the tolerance compensation device and the first component is still possible and the Allow the tolerance compensation device and the first component to be brought closer together.

With the device described here, differences in the gap width of a joint gap between two components to be screwed can thus be taken into account in a particularly simple manner during an assembly process, especially in the case of multi-point screwing of two-dimensionally curved components, and the required contact pressure can also be generated for the sealing arrangement .

For example, unfavorable macro unevenness can be compensated for. Macro unevennesses are undulations occurring in the radial direction or circumferential directions on a sealing surface of neighboring components, for example a rear window or an outer panel of a tailgate or a door of a vehicle. The macro unevennesses in the circumferential direction always represent a potential risk of increased leakage flow where they result in a large sealing gap. Therefore, a sealing material with high deformability (high cold upsetting value) is more suitable during installation than a relatively hard sealing material for larger unevenness. Macro unevenness in the radial direction can have both positive and negative influences on the sealing behavior. Stress peaks occur where they result in a minimal sealing gap. These voltage peaks (high surface pressure) lead to lower leakage values as long as the maximum surface pressure of the sealing arrangement, which leads to the mechanical destruction of the sealing arrangement, is not exceeded. A proof of tightness is provided if the surface pressure in each operating state is greater than the minimum surface pressure in the operating state for a previously defined leak. Furthermore, the contact pressure must only be low so as not to dent the outer panel of the vehicle.

The fastening element advantageously comprises at least one holding structure, in particular a mounting clip, for arranging the tolerance compensation device on the first component, in particular by clipping in the at least one mounting clip on the first component, for example for the fixed, in particular immovable, connection of the tolerance compensation device to the first component or for the limited mobility , in particular movable parallel to the longitudinal center axis, connecting the tolerance compensation device to the first component. As a result, the tolerance compensation device can be arranged together with the first component on the second and third component, wherein the tolerance compensation device can be passed through the opening in the third component in the direction of the second component and then the tolerance compensation and the fastening of the first component with a seal against the third component can be done. Whether a fixed or movable connection of the tolerance compensation device to the first component is provided depends in particular on a particular design and / or arrangement and / or mode of operation of the deformable spacer.

In order to be able to carry out the tolerance compensation, the compensation element can be moved from an initial position into a compensation position, in particular by rotating it relative to the base element. The screw element extending through an inner cavity of the base element and an inner cavity of the compensating element is advantageously provided for screwing to the first component. In the inner cavity of the compensating element, a driver element is advantageously arranged which is in frictional engagement with the screw element guided through the cavities in such a way that a torque exerted by the screw element can be transmitted to the compensating element. This makes it possible, in a simple and reliable manner, to compensate for the installation space located between the first component resting on the third component with the still unpressed sealing arrangement and the second component, because the screw element engages the driver element, so that when the screw element is used to screw the components is rotated, for example clockwise, a torque is transmitted to the compensating element by the entrainment element, which causes a rotation of the compensating element relative to the base element, whereby the compensating element moves downwards out of the base element along the longitudinal center axis. As soon as the compensating element has been screwed out of the basic element so far that a contact section of the same rests against the second component, a frictional torque between the second component and the contact section exceeds the torque that can be transmitted by the driver element and the compensating element is no longer screwed out of the basic element. The deformable spacer is designed in particular in such a way that a force required to deform the deformable spacer is greater than the torque that can be transmitted by the entrainment element. This prevents the deformable spacer from being deformed by rotating the compensating element out of the base element. I. E. the compensating element cannot be rotated out of the base element in such a way that the deformable spacer is deformed as a result. The compensating element has thus assumed a position called the compensating position and the first component can now be screwed into the first component on the second by further screwing the screw element Component to be attached. In the compensation position, the tolerance compensation device and the deformable spacer are thus located between the first component and the second component, with in particular adjacent parts of these components in direct contact with one another. I. E. Depending on the arrangement of the deformable spacer, the tolerance compensation device rests directly on the first and second component, for example, or the tolerance compensation device rests directly on one of these two components and on the deformable spacer, which rests directly on the other component, for example.

The deformable spacer, which is provided according to the solution according to the invention, ensures that the first component is drawn even further to the second component and thus also to the third component after the tolerance compensation has taken place by increasing the screwing of the screw element into the first component, wherein the deformable spacer is increasingly deformed, for example is elastically and / or plastically deformed, for example is plastically deformed at least in sections. As a result, the sealing arrangement is increasingly compressed between the first component and the third component, whereby the sealing effect is generated. This pulling of the first component to the second component and thus also to the third component takes place up to the end stop specified by the tolerance compensation device, so that the distance between the first component and the second component specified by means of the tolerance compensation device is maintained. In particular, this prevents the first component from being pressed too hard against the third component and thus deformation of the third component and damage to the sealing arrangement, and a secure and firm screw connection of the first component to the second component is ensured.

The device now acts as an additional, prestressed component, similar to a spacer sleeve. The result is a pre-tensioned and at the same time low-tension screw connection of the first component and the second component, which meets the safety requirements of the screw connection and also ensures a functioning sealing arrangement in every operating state, since it is not a tension-free connection, but a deliberate creation of a low-stress connection of the first component to the second component and / or to the third component. The pretensioning takes place advantageously in particular with respect to the third component via the compressed sealing arrangement in order to maintain its compression and thus its sealing effect.

The deformable spacer is, for example, elastically and / or plastically deformable, for example at least partially plastically deformable. The respective design of the deformable spacer is, for example, dependent on its intended arrangement and mode of operation in the device and / or dependent on whether reuse of the deformable spacer, for example after dismantling and reassembly, for example for repair purposes and / or maintenance purposes with regard to the first , second and / or third component is provided. In this case, i. H. if the deformable spacer is intended to be reused, an elastically deformable spacer is expediently used. The elastic spacer is also referred to, for example, as an elastic connecting element.

The deformable spacer is in particular axially and / or radially deformable. This depends, for example, on the design of the deformable spacer and / or on its intended arrangement and / or mode of operation in the device.

In one possible embodiment, the device comprises at least one holding element which is provided for holding the first component on the third component, which is movable in the direction of the second component and rests against the third component with its unpressed sealing arrangement, as already briefly mentioned above. For example, this at least one holding element is fastened to the first component or formed thereon or can be fastened to it. The retaining element makes it possible to arrange the first component on the third component in such a way that it does not come loose again in the opposite direction of the second component, ie away from the second component, in particular while it is compensating for tolerances, so that it with its as yet unpressed sealing arrangement on the third component is present. As a result, it is not necessary to hold the first component manually while performing the tolerance compensation and to press it against the third component, since it is held in contact with the third component by the at least one holding element with its still unpressed sealing arrangement. Due to the above-described arrangement of the first component on the third component by means of the at least one holding element for pressing the sealing arrangement in the direction of the second component, the above-described further movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus in the direction of the third component is achieved after the tolerance compensation has taken place made possible to enable the sealing arrangement to be pressed between the first component and the third component. Here, movable in the direction of the second component is understood to mean that the at least one holding element is designed and is arranged that this movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus also in the direction of the third component is not hindered or prevented by the at least one holding element, but is allowed. For example, several such holding elements can also be provided, for example connected to one another or separately.

In one possible embodiment, the deformable spacer is integrated, for example, in the tolerance compensation device or, in particular directly, arranged between the tolerance compensation device and the first component or provided for arrangement or, in particular directly, arranged between the tolerance compensation device and the second component or provided for arrangement or by the Tolerance compensation device and the first component formed or provided for training or formed by the tolerance compensation device and the second component or provided for training. As a result, the device can be adapted, for example, to the respective requirements and / or purposes by means of a corresponding design and / or arrangement of the deformable spacer.

In one possible embodiment, the deformable spacer is arranged, for example, on the base element and / or on the fastening element, in particular in a contact area provided for contact with the first component, or on the compensating element, in particular on a contact section provided for contact with the second component, or through the base element and the fastening element is formed, in particular by the base element and the fastening element being shaped for the common formation of the deformable spacer. For the corresponding arrangement of the deformable spacer, for example, a receptacle is arranged or formed on the respective above-mentioned component. As a result, the device can be adapted, for example, to the respective requirements and / or purposes by means of a corresponding design and / or arrangement of the deformable spacer. If the deformable spacer is formed by the base element and the fastening element, in particular in that the base element and the fastening element are shaped to form the deformable spacer together, and / or are arranged between the base element and the fastening element, then the base element and the fastening element are advantageously movable arranged to one another, at least by applying the force to deform the deformable spacer and thus arranged movably to one another during its deformation, in order to thereby, after tolerance compensation has taken place, the movement of the first component in the direction of the second component and thus in the direction of the third component for pressing the sealing arrangement between the first To enable component and third component. In the other cases indicated above, i. H. if the deformable spacer is arranged on the base element and / or on the fastening element, but not in between, but in particular in a contact area provided for contact with the first component, or on the compensating element, in particular on a contact section provided for contact with the second component, then the base element and the fastening element are advantageously firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece.

In one possible embodiment, the deformable spacer is arranged, for example, on the first component or on the second component, or it is designed or can be configured, for example, by the first component and the tolerance compensation device, in particular its base element and / or fastening element, by the first component and the tolerance compensation device, in particular whose base element and / or fastening element are formed for the common formation of the deformable spacer, or it is formed or can be formed, for example, by the second component and the tolerance compensation device, in particular its compensation element, by the second component and the tolerance compensation device, in particular its base element and / or Fastening element, are formed for the common formation of the deformable spacer. As a result, the device can be adapted, for example, to the respective requirements and / or purposes by means of a corresponding design and / or arrangement of the deformable spacer.

In one possible embodiment, the deformable spacer is designed or can be designed as an interference fit and / or as a non-positive connection that can be dissolved, in particular due to the action of force, in particular by deformation, and / or as a materially bonded connection that can be dissolved, in particular due to the action of force, in particular by deformation Connection and / or as a form-fit connection that can be released, in particular by deformation, in particular due to the action of a force, in particular with a predetermined breaking point for releasing the form-fit. The force effect is advantageously an axial force of the screw element during the screwing of the first component to the second component. The interference fit and / or the force-fit connection and / or the material connection and / or the form-fit connection is then, for example, formed or can be formed between the Base element and the fastening element, in particular in that the base element and the fastening element are formed for the common formation of the interference fit and / or the form-fitting connection, or between the tolerance compensation device, in particular its base element and / or fastening element, and the first component, in particular by the tolerance compensation device, in particular whose base element and / or fastening element and the first component are formed for the common formation of the interference fit and / or the force-fit connection and / or the material connection and / or the form-fit connection, or between the tolerance compensation device, in particular its compensation element, and the second component , in particular by the tolerance compensation device, in particular its compensation element, and the second component for the common formation of the interference fit and / or the non-positive connection and / or the substance interlocking connection and / or the interlocking connection are formed. This embodiment, ie the use of the interference fit and / or the force-fit connection and / or the material connection and / or the form-fit connection, in particular with a predetermined breaking point for dissolving the form fit, as a deformable spacer has the particular advantage that no separate additional component is used as a deformable one Spacer is required, whereby a reduction in the cost of materials, a weight and brewing space requirements of the device, an assembly effort, ie in particular an assembly time, and a cost is achieved.

The press fit is also known as a press fit. An interference fit is a connection that is created by pressing two components together, here the components mentioned above. The components to be connected are particularly oversized prior to joining. In their mutual position, the components are initially only held in a force-locking manner by friction, for example, the friction being generated by tension which is due to a deformation occurring during joining. After joining, one of the components involved is expanded and the other component is compressed.

The expansion or compression depends, among other things, on the elasticity or also on the plasticity of the materials of the components. The peaks of the surface roughness are largely plastically deformed. It is possible to work with significantly larger manufacturing tolerances if the components are cross-knurled before joining or are equipped with axially parallel longitudinal knurls. The components can, for example, also be provided with staggered incisions perpendicular to their axes. If material is removed from the edge areas, a more flexible component is created. As a result of the recesses, the slots on the circumference and the segments, the cross-sections are subject to great bending stress and are accordingly flexible.

Because of the normal stress in the circumferential direction, joining is usually very forceful. Therefore, for example, chamfers, radii, bevels, curves and other broken edges can be implemented as an insertion aid on the components.

Due to their design, the components are deformable, in particular elastically deformable, and can be compressed or expanded together.

It can be provided that the components of the interference fit for better handling and assembly are designed so that bevels, radii, bevels, curves and other edge breaks are designed as insertion aids at their ends, so that they center one another, for example.

After the tolerance compensation has taken place, the screw element is tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as an interference fit ensuring that a relative movement between the first component and the second component and thus also between the first component and third component is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement between the first component and the third component can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element, the deformable spacer, which is designed as an interference fit, is deformed. H. the two components of the interference fit are increasingly pressed together, deforming them, i. H. are further expanded or compressed.

When the deformable spacer is designed as a form-fitting connection, the two components forming this form-fitting connection are advantageously secured to one another in a form-fitting manner, for example by injection molding. For example, one of the components can be made of plastic and the other component of metal, for example by casting a plastic carrier material and a metallic material in a combined casting mold and / or by molding the plastic to form one component on the other, for example made of metal or a component also made of plastic. It For example, both components can be made from the same material, for example both made of plastic, or from different materials, for example one component made of metal and the other component made of plastic. In this way, for example, the predetermined breaking point can be formed in the plastic component in a particularly simple manner. For example, it is also possible to join several elements by overmolding and simultaneously molding on further elements. This makes it possible, for example, to implement the idea of integrating plastic with metal.

The components of this form-fitting connection are then held in a form-fitting manner in their mutual position, with a mechanical tension in the two form-fittingly connected to each other when the screw element is tightened further in order to move the first component into its end position and thereby press the sealing arrangement Components is generated, which can be attributed to a clamping force of the screw element occurring when tightening. As a result, the form fit is broken, for example by breaking open the predetermined breaking point and / or by deforming one or both components, whereby this deformation of this deformable spacer further brings the first component closer to the second component and thus also to the third component and thus the pressing of the Sealing arrangement between the first component and the third component is made possible.

When the deformable spacer is designed as a cohesive connection, the two components forming this cohesive connection are advantageously firmly fixed to one another in a materially bonded manner, for example by gluing. The components of this cohesive connection are then held cohesively in their mutual position, with a mechanical tension in the two cohesively connected when the screw element is tightened further in order to move the first component into its end position and thereby press the sealing arrangement Components is generated, which can be attributed to a clamping force of the screw element occurring when tightening. As a result, the bond is broken, for example by breaking the adhesive connection, so that a deformation and / or relative movement of the two components and thus a deformation of the deformable spacer formed by the two components is now possible. This deformation of the deformable spacer enables the first component to come closer to the second component and thus also to the third component and thereby enables the sealing arrangement to be pressed between the first component and the third component.

When the deformable spacer is designed as a non-positive connection, the two components forming this non-positive connection are fastened to one another in a non-positive manner. The components of this frictional connection are thus held frictionally in their mutual position, with a mechanical tension in the two frictionally connected when the screw element is tightened further in order to move the first component into its end position and thereby press the sealing arrangement Components is generated, which can be attributed to a clamping force of the screw element occurring when tightening. As a result, the frictional connection is broken, so that a relative movement of the two components and thus a deformation of the deformable spacer formed by the two components is now possible. This deformation of the deformable spacer enables the first component to come closer to the second component and thus also to the third component and thereby enables the sealing arrangement to be pressed between the first component and the third component.

Both the interference fit and the form-fitting connection are simple and inexpensive to produce. In addition, these two configurations of the deformable spacer can be used in particular where there is limited installation space. Furthermore, this results in a reduction in the number of components of the device and a simplification of assembly. This simplifies handling, positioning and insertion and reduces the total number of assembly processes.

In one possible embodiment, the deformable spacer is designed in one piece with at least one other component of the device, in particular as a cast part, in particular as an injection-molded part. The at least one other component of the device is, for example, the fastening element, the base element, the compensation element, the first component or the second component. This results in a reduction in the number of separate components and thus a simplification of assembly. In addition, this means that less installation space is required.

• - Ringfeder,
• - Spannscheibe,
• - Tellerfeder,
• - Kegelstumpffeder,
• - Wellscheibe,
• - Elastomerfeder,
• - Schraubenfeder,
• - Sicherungselement,
• - Formfeder,
• - Dichtring,
• - Schneckenfeder,
• - Biegefeder,
• - Rastverbindung,
• - Schnappverbindung, oder
• - eingelegte Biegefeder.

In one possible embodiment, the deformable spacer is designed, for example, as one of the following components or comprises such a component:

• - Ring spring,
• - conical spring washer,
• - disc spring,
• - frustoconical spring,
• - corrugated washer,
• - elastomer spring,
• - coil spring,
• - safety element,
• - shaped spring,
• - sealing ring,
• - helical spring,
• - spiral spring,
• - locking connection,
• - Snap connection, or
• - inserted spiral spring.

As a result, the deformable spacer that is suitable in each case can be used, for example in accordance with a particular design of the device and in accordance with a particular purpose.

The components are, for example, components of a vehicle. The first component is designed, for example, as a handle, handle button, lock cylinder, as a so-called “handle with soft touch” or as a camera, in particular as an external attachment part of the vehicle or for the vehicle. “Handle with Softtouch” is in particular a handle bar with a button behind a soft surface. The third component is, for example, a glass pane, a plastic pane or an outer panel of the vehicle. The second component is in particular a support structure of the vehicle, in particular a support structure of a flap, a lid or a door of the vehicle.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

• 1 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines eine Dichtungsanordnung umfassenden ersten Bauteils an einem zweiten Bauteil mittels eines Schraubelementes und zum Verpressen der Dichtungsanordnung zwischen dem ersten Bauteil und einem in einem festen Abstand zum zweiten Bauteil angeordneten dritten Bauteil in einer Zwischenposition und in einer Endposition,
• 2 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer Variante der ersten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in der Zwischenposition,
• 3 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung der Variante der ersten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in der Endposition,
• 4 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung der Variante der ersten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
• 5 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
• 6 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
• 7 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer Variante der Ausführungsform gemäß 6 in der Zwischenposition,
• 8 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
• 9 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
• 10 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Variante der Ausführungsform gemäß 9,
• 11 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Variante der Ausführungsform gemäß 9,
• 12 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in der Zwischenposition,
• 13 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß 12 in der Endposition,
• 14 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß 12 und 13,
• 15 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in der Zwischenposition,
• 16 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß 15 in der Endposition,
• 17 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in der Zwischenposition,
• 18 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß 17 in der Endposition,
• 19 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß 17 und 18,
• 20 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
• 21 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Variante der Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung aus 20,
• 22 schematisch eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung, und
• 23 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in der Zwischenposition und in der Endposition.

Show in it:

• 1 schematically a sectional view of a first embodiment of a device for fastening a first component comprising a sealing arrangement to a second component by means of a screw element and for pressing the sealing arrangement between the first component and a third component arranged at a fixed distance from the second component in an intermediate position and in a End position,
• 2 schematically a sectional view of a variant of the first embodiment of the device in the intermediate position,
• 3 schematically a sectional view of the variant of the first embodiment of the device in the end position,
• 4th schematically an exploded view of the variant of the first embodiment of the device,
• 5 schematically an exploded view of a further embodiment of the device,
• 6th schematically an exploded view of a further embodiment of the device,
• 7th schematically a sectional view of a variant of the embodiment according to FIG 6th in the intermediate position,
• 8th schematically an exploded view of a further embodiment of the device,
• 9 schematically an exploded view of a further embodiment of the device,
• 10 schematically an exploded view of a further variant of the embodiment according to FIG 9 ,
• 11 schematically an exploded view of a further variant of the embodiment according to FIG 9 ,
• 12th schematically a sectional view of a further embodiment of the device in the intermediate position,
• 13th schematically a sectional view of the device according to FIG 12th in the end position,
• 14th schematically an exploded view of the device according to FIG 12th and 13th ,
• 15th schematically a sectional view of a further embodiment of the device in the intermediate position,
• 16 schematically a sectional view of the device according to FIG 15th in the end position,
• 17th schematically a sectional view of a further embodiment of the device in the intermediate position,
• 18th schematically a sectional view of the device according to FIG 17th in the end position,
• 19th schematically an exploded view of the device according to FIG 17th and 18th ,
• 20th schematically an exploded view of a further embodiment of the device,
• 21 schematically shows an exploded view of a further variant of the embodiment of the device 20th ,
• 22nd schematically an exploded view of a further embodiment of the device, and
• 23 schematically a sectional view of a further embodiment of the device in the intermediate position and in the end position.

Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

The 1 to 23 show different embodiments of a device 1 for attaching a sealing arrangement 3 comprehensive first component B1 on a second component B2 by means of a screw element 6th and for pressing the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and a fixed distance from the second component, but not known or at least not known exactly due to possible tolerances B2 arranged third component B3 . The device 1 comprises, for example, the first component according to the sectional views shown B1 , the second component B2 , the third component B3 , the screw element 6th , a tolerance compensation device 2 to compensate for tolerances between the second component B2 and the one on the third component B3 with unpressed sealing arrangement 3 adjacent first component B1 and a deformable spacer 4th . According to the exploded views, the device comprises 1 for example the first component B1 , the screw element 6th , the tolerance compensation device 2 and the deformable spacer 4th . The device 1 In other embodiments, for example, only the tolerance compensation device can also be used 2 , the deformable spacer 4th and the screw element 6th or just the tolerance compensation device 2 and the deformable spacer 4th include. The devices shown 1 differ in particular in an embodiment of the tolerance compensation device used in each case 2 and / or the deformable spacer, ie the 1 to 23 show in particular different embodiments of this tolerance compensation device 2 and in particular the deformable spacer 4th .

The deformable spacer 4th is designed and arranged in such a way that after tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component B1 by means of the screw element 6th towards the second component B2 is movable. The deformable spacer 4th is also referred to, for example, as a connecting element, especially since it is used together with the tolerance compensation device 2 after tolerance compensation has taken place, ie when the first component is B1 is in an intermediate position, in which it is still unpressed with the sealing arrangement 3 on the third component B3 is applied, a contact connection between the first component B1 and the second component B2 via the tolerance compensation device 2 and the deformable spacer 4th manufactures. This contact connection enables the tolerance compensation, in particular the completion of the tolerance compensation process, which is described in more detail below.

After that, it becomes deformable through the deformable spacer 4th enables the first component B1 by increasing screwing with the second component B2 by means of the screw element 6th while deforming the deformable spacer 4th further in the direction of the second component B2 and thereby also further in the direction of the third component B3 to move, causing the seal assembly 3 between the first component B 1 and the third component B3 is increasingly pressed. This movement of the first component B1 takes place up to one, in particular by the tolerance compensation device 2 , predetermined end stop at which an end position of the first component B1 is reached and thus the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B 1 and the third component B3 is pressed in a predetermined way.

The solution described here enables the tolerance compensation device 2 on the first component B1 to be arranged and then the first component B 1 together with the tolerance compensation device 2 on the second component B2 and third component B3 to be arranged, the tolerance compensation device 2 then through an opening 10 in the third component B3 towards the second component B2 is passed through and the first component B1 with its sealing arrangement 3 to the third component B3 is applied, initially without doing the sealing arrangement 3 to press. In particular due to the high compression forces required to compress the sealing arrangement 3 manual pressing is not possible, but pressing the sealing arrangement 3 takes place by screwing the first component B1 with the second component B2 by means of the screw element 6th and the increasing use of the first component achieved as a result B1 to the second component B2 and thus also to the third component B3 .

Because the distance between the first component B1 and third component B3 Although it is fixed, it can be subject to tolerances and is therefore not exactly known, this also applies to the distance between the second component B2 and the one on the third component B3 with not yet compressed sealing arrangement 3 adjacent first component B1 , especially before tolerance compensation and screwing of the first component B1 and the second component B2 . For pressing the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 must be the first component B1 thus a predetermined path of movement in the direction of the third component B3 and thus in the direction of the second component B2 execute, but no greater movement than this specified path of movement around the third component B3 not to load with excessive contact pressure and thereby damage or destroy. To do this, it is first necessary to compensate for tolerances between that on the third component B3 with still unpressed sealing arrangement 3 adjacent first component B1 and the second component B2 to undertake. This is done by means of the tolerance compensation device 2 .

After that is the further movement of the first component B1 towards the second component B2 and thus in the direction of the third component B3 over the specified path of movement required to the seal assembly 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 to be pressed in a predetermined manner. This is made possible by the solution described here, by using the deformable spacer during the implementation of the tolerance compensation 4th it is ensured that after the tolerance compensation has taken place, the specified movement path of the first component is still used B1 towards the second component B2 and thus also in the direction of the between the first component B1 and the second component B2 arranged third component B3 is made possible, namely by the deformation of the deformable spacer 4th .

This is achieved in that the deformable spacer 4th As already described above, forms a tolerance compensation stop for the tolerance compensation, ie while the tolerance compensation is being carried out by means of the tolerance compensation device 2 is not deformed, in particular since tolerance compensation forces occurring during the tolerance compensation are lower than for the deformation of the deformable spacer 4th would be required.

During the implementation of the tolerance compensation by means of the tolerance compensation device 2 it must be ensured that the first component B1 always with its, as yet unpressed, sealing arrangement 3 on the third component B3 is applied and in particular not by performing the tolerance compensation by means of the tolerance compensation device 2 from the third component B3 is lifted. This is done, for example, by manually holding the first component B1 , in particular by manually pressing the first component B1 to the third component B3 . The sealing arrangement 3 cannot be pressed by this manual pressing, as already described above.

As an alternative or in addition to this manual solution, it can be provided, for example, that the device 1 at least one holding element 13th comprises, which for in the direction of the second component B2 movable and with its unpressed sealing arrangement 3 on the third component B3 holding the first component against B1 on the third component B3 is provided, as in 7th shown schematically as an example. For example, this is at least one holding element 13th on the first component B1 attached or formed thereon or attachable thereto. The holding element 13th allows the first component B1 on the third component B3 to be arranged so that it is in the opposite direction of the second component B2 , ie from the second component B2 away, does not come loose again, especially while it is compensating for tolerance, so that it is with its still unpressed sealing arrangement 3 on the third component B3 is present. This means that it is not necessary to use the first component B1 to be held manually while the tolerance compensation is being carried out and against the third component B3 to press, as it is through the at least one holding element 13th with its still unpressed sealing arrangement 3 on the third component B3 is held tightly. By the above-described in the direction of the second component B2 movable arrangement of the first component B1 on the third component B3 by means of the at least one holding element 13th for pressing the sealing arrangement 3 is the further movement of the first component after the tolerance compensation has taken place B1 towards the second component B2 and thus in the direction of the third component B3 allows to press the seal assembly 3 between the first component B 1 and the third component B3 to enable. It is under in the direction of the second component B2 understood movably that the at least one holding element 13th is designed and arranged such that this movement of the first component B2 towards the second component B2 and thus also in the direction of the third component B3 not by the at least one holding element 13th is hindered or prevented, but is allowed. For example, several such holding elements can also be used 13th be provided, for example connected to one another or separately. In 7th are examples of two such holding elements 13th shown, which are designed here as locking elements. In other examples, more than two holding elements can also be used 13th be provided.

After the tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component B 1 is screwed to the second component B2 by means of the screw element 6th while deforming the deformable spacer 4th towards the second component B2 and thus also in the direction of the between the first component B1 and the second component B2 arranged third component B3 pulled, in particular until the predetermined end stop is reached, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B 1 and the third component B3 is pressed in a predetermined way. This is made possible by the screwing by means of the screw element 6th on the deformable spacer 4th acting forces are sufficiently large to deform this, and also on the sealing arrangement 3 acting forces are sufficiently large to compress them. This is due to the deformation of the spacer 4th also after by means of the tolerance compensation device 2 Once the tolerance compensation has taken place, the required movement path between the first component B 1 and the second component B2 made available to the approach of the first component made possible by this B1 to the second component B2 also the approach of the first component B1 to the third component B3 for pressing the sealing arrangement 3 to enable.

The specified end stop, which this movement of the first component B1 towards the second component B2 and thus also in the direction of the third component B3 limited to the specified movement path, as already mentioned, is advantageously by the tolerance compensation device 2 formed, which between the first component B 1 and the second component B2 is arranged and when the end stop has taken place, a spacer element between the first component B 1 and the second component B2 forms, whereby a further movement of the first component B1 towards the second component B2 and thus also in the direction of the third component B3 is prevented and thereby an excessive load on the third component B3 is avoided.

The components B 1, B2, B3 are, for example, components of a vehicle. The first component B1 is designed, for example, as a handle, handle button, lock cylinder, as a so-called “Handle with Softtouch” or as a camera, in particular as an external attachment part of the vehicle or for the vehicle. “Handle with Softtouch” is in particular a handle bar with a button behind a soft surface. This first component B1 is on the third component B3 arranged in a sealed manner and on the second component B2 attached. The first component has this B1 the, in particular integrated, sealing arrangement 3 , also referred to as a sealing system, for sealing a connection area between the first component B1 and the third component B3 on.

The third component B3 is for example a pane of glass, a plastic pane or an outer panel of the vehicle. The second component B2 is in particular a support structure of the vehicle, in particular a support structure of a flap, a lid or a door of the vehicle. The third component B3 is spaced from the second component B2 arranged so that between the third component B3 and the second component B2 a cavity is formed. This is the distance between the third component B3 to the second component B2 in particular fixed and unchangeable, at least not without damaging the third component B3 changeable, but can be subject to tolerances and is therefore not known or at least not known exactly, as already explained above.

About the pressing of the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and the third component B3 and also the third component B3 and the sealing arrangement 3 not by screwing the first component too tightly B1 to the second component B2 the tolerance compensation device are to be damaged 2 and the deformable spacer 4th provided, the tolerance compensation device 2 causes the tolerance compensation, which the specified distance between the first component B1 and the second component B2 ensures, and the deformable spacer 4th pressing the sealing arrangement 3 enabled in the manner described above. The deformable spacer 4th is, for example, elastically deformable and / or plastically deformable, for example at least partially plastically deformable. This depends, for example, on the particular design and arrangement of the deformable spacer 4th and the respective mode of operation of the device 1 . The embodiments of the device described in more detail below 1 have different embodiments of this deformable spacer 4th on.

The tolerance compensation device 2 comprises a hollow cylindrical basic element 5 , which has a longitudinal central axis L. defined and on its inside, ie on a lateral surface of its inner cavity, has an internal thread. The moreover one is the screw element 6th for screwing the first component B 1 to the second component B2 provided, the internal thread of the base element 5 one to an external thread of the screw element 6th has the opposite orientation, in the present exemplary embodiment, for example, a left-hand thread.

Furthermore, the tolerance compensation device comprises 2 a fastener 7th for arranging the tolerance compensation device 2 on the first component B1 , for example for the fixed, in particular immobile, connection of the tolerance compensation device 2 with the first component B1 or to the limited mobility, in particular parallel to the longitudinal center axis L. movable, connecting the tolerance compensation device 2 , in particular the fastener 7th , with the first component B1 . To this end, the fastening element 7th for example at least one holding structure 14th , especially a mounting clip, or a plurality of such support structures 14th for attaching the tolerance compensation device 2 on the first component B1 on, in particular by clipping in the at least one mounting clip or the multiple mounting clips on the first component B1 . For the sake of clarity, these are holding structures 14th shown in the sectional views of the exemplary embodiments, in which the tolerance compensation device 2 , especially the fastener 7th , movable to a limited extent, in particular parallel to the longitudinal center axis L. movable with the first component B1 connected is. In the other embodiments shown by sectional views, in which the tolerance compensation device 2 , in particular or at least their fastener 7th , is advantageously immovably connected to the first component, such holding structures can 14th also be present. The holding structures 14th are in the 1 to 3 , 7th , 15th , 16 and 23 shown, in particular from the 1 and 23 in the comparison of the left and right side and from the comparison of the 2 and 3 and 15 and 16 the movable connection of the fastening element 7th with the first component B1 becomes clear.

The fastener 7th is in some embodiments the tolerance compensation device 2 with the basic element 5 firmly connected, for example in the 1 to 3 , 7th , 12th , 13th , 15th , 16 and 23 shown, in which it is positively locked to the base element, for example by a circumferential tongue and groove connection 5 is connected, or it is in one piece with the base element 5 formed, or the basic element 5 and the fastener 7th form a press fit, which will be described in more detail later, and / or a form-fitting connection that can be broken up by deformation, in particular due to the action of force, in particular with a predetermined breaking point, and thus themselves form the deformable spacer 4th like in the 17th and 18th and is described in detail below. The fastener 7th serves to hold the basic element 5 and thus the tolerance compensation device 2 on the first component B1 .

The basic element 5 and / or the fastening element 7th form / form on one of the first component B1 facing side a contact area for the first component B1 out.

The tolerance compensation device 2 further comprises a with the base element 5 Hollow cylindrical compensating element in thread engagement 8th which is located in the cavity of the base element 5 extends into it and has an external thread on its outside. This external thread stands with the internal thread of the basic element 5 engaged. The compensation element can be rotated 8th along the longitudinal central axis L. relative to the primitive 5 move, ie out of the cavity of the base element 5 screw it out or into it.

In an inner cavity of the compensation element 8th is a driving element designed as a driving spring 9 arranged, which is located on a lateral surface of the cavity of the compensating element 8th supports. The take-away element 9 stands with the through the tolerance compensation device 2 , ie through the cavities of the base element 5 and compensation element 8th , threaded screw element 6th in frictional engagement to one by the screw member 6th torque exerted on the compensating element 8th transferred to.

Furthermore, the tolerance compensation device comprises 2 , as already mentioned, the deformable spacer 4th . This deformable spacer 4th is for example between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 arranged or formed, in particular between the first component B1 and the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th , where then the primitive 5 and the fastener 7th are advantageously firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece. The deformable spacer 4th can, for example, on the first component B1 and / or on the tolerance compensation device 2 , especially on the base element 5 and / or on the fastening element 7th , be arranged or formed.

Alternatively, the deformable spacer is 4th for example on the basic element 5 and fastener 7th and / or between the basic element 5 and fastener 7th arranged or formed, for example by the interference fit described in more detail below and / or the form-fitting connection between the base element, which can be broken up in particular by the action of force 5 and fastener 7th . Then are basic element 5 and fastener 7th advantageously not firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece, but advantageously movable relative to one another, in particular in the axial direction of the longitudinal center axis L. movable relative to one another, in the case of the form-fitting connection at least after it has been dissolved. In addition, the fastening element is then advantageously 7th firmly to the first component B1 connected so that no relative movement between the first component B1 and fastener 7th is possible, in particular no relative movement in the axial direction of the longitudinal center axis L. .

Alternatively, the deformable spacer is 4th for example between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the second component B2 arranged or formed, in particular between the Compensation element 8th and the second component B2 . Here is the deformable spacer 4th for example on the compensation element 8th , especially at its plant section 11 , in particular on one of the second component B2 facing side of the system section 11 , arranged or formed or it is for example on the second component B2 arranged or formed. In this alternative, the basic element is advantageous 5 and fastener 7th firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece and the fastening element 7th and / or basic element 5 are advantageously fixed to the first component B1 connected so that between fastener 7th and / or basic element 5 and the first component B1 and thus between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 no relative movement is possible, in particular no relative movement in the axial direction of the longitudinal center axis L. .

The particular component mentioned above on which the deformable spacer 4th each arranged or is to be arranged, for example, has a receptacle 12th for the deformable spacer 4th on.

The deformable spacer 4th is advantageously coaxial with the base element 5 and / or compensation element 8th aligned.

The deformable spacer 4th serves initially as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the first component B1 and the second component B2 and in some embodiments also between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, due to the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and the second component B2 and thus between the first component B1 and the third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and the third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th The deformable spacer deforms in the process 4th until the end stop and thus the end position is reached.

For fastening the first component B1 and for tolerance compensation between the first component B1 and the second component B2 becomes the tolerance compensation device 2 on the first component B1 arranged, in particular clipped into this. Then the first component B1 with the tolerance compensation device arranged thereon 2 on the third component B3 arranged, the tolerance compensation device 2 by means of the sealing arrangement 3 opening to be sealed 10 in the third component B3 in the direction of the third component B3 spaced second component B2 passed through and thus in the cavity between the second component B2 and third component B3 is arranged.

Now the screw element 6th from below through a recess in the second component B2 and the tolerance compensation device 2 passed through. The screw element gets in the process 6th in engagement with the driver element 9 and the first component B1 . Will the screw element 6th rotated, for example to the right, is done by the entrainment element 9 a torque on the compensation element 8th transmitted, which a rotation of the compensation element 8th relative to the primitive 5 causes the compensating element 8th along the longitudinal central axis L. down from the primitive 5 moved out. Once the compensation element 8th so far from the basic element 5 is unscrewed that the plant section 11 the same on the second component B2 is applied, either directly applied, such as the 1 to 3 , 7th , 15th to 18th and 23 shown, or via the on the system section 11 arranged elastic spacers 4th on the second component B2 as in the 12th and 13th shown, exceeds a frictional torque between the second component B2 and the investment section 11 that of the entrainment element 9 transmittable torque and the compensation element 8th becomes no further from the basic element 5 unscrewed. The compensation element 8th has thus assumed a position called the balancing position. The tolerance compensation device 2 with the deformable spacer that has not yet been deformed 4th and thus also the first component B1 are in an intermediate position, which in 1 on the left, in 2 , in 7th , in 12th for the embodiment with the one on the plant section 11 arranged deformable spacers 4th as well as in the 15th and 17th and in 23 shown on the left. It should be noted that in the embodiment according to 12th with the deformable spacer 4th at the plant section 11 the frictional torque between the second component B2 and the investment section 11 via the deformable spacer 4th already that of the entrainment element 9 Transmissible torque exceeds when the deformable spacer 4th is not yet or at least not yet fully compressed, as compared to the 12th and 13th recognizable. The deformable spacer is in this intermediate position 4th not yet compressed or, for example, only slightly compressed, but not yet fully compressed. In particular, the end stop is the tolerance compensation device 2 not reached yet.

By further turning the screw element 6th this is now increasingly in the first component B1 screwed in. This is done by the deformable spacer 4th allows the first component B1 still in the direction of the second component B2 can move with increasing compression of the deformable spacer 4th , in particular with axial and / or radial deformation, for example elastic and / or plastic deformation, for example at least partially plastic deformation, of the deformable spacer 4th . This causes the first component to move B1 also in the direction of the third component B3 , making the seal assembly 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 is pressed. This moving the first component B1 towards the second component B2 and thus also in the direction of the third component B3 takes place up to the specified end stop, through which the distance between the first component B1 and the second component B2 by means of the tolerance compensation device 2 is defined. The end position thus reached is in 1 on the right, in 3 , in 13th for the embodiment with the one on the plant section 11 arranged elastic spacers 4th , in 16 , in 18th and in 23 shown on the right. This ensures that the first component is screwed tightly B1 on the second component B2 with the through the tolerance compensation device 2 specified distance between the first component B1 and the second component B2 ensured which the pressing of the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 and too much pressure on the first component B1 to the third component B3 associated with the risk of damaging the third component B3 and the sealing arrangement 3 , prevented.

The specified end stop through which a further approach of the first component B1 to the second component B2 and thus also to the third component B3 is prevented and at which the end position is thus reached, is for example by the base element 5 and / or the fastening element 7th formed, in particular by one for resting on the first component B1 intended contact area of the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th so that the approach of the first component B1 to the second component B2 and thus also to the third component B3 is finished when the first component B1 after the deformable spacer has been compressed 4th on the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th is present. Alternatively, this end stop is made, for example, by the base element 5 and the fastener 7th formed when this is the interference fit and / or the form-fitting connection to be broken up by deformation to form the deformable spacer 4th form and are thus movable relative to each other until the end stop is reached. The basic element is then pressed 5 and fastener 7th until the specified end stop is reached. In the embodiment according to 12th and 13th this end stop is through the contact section 11 of the compensation element 8th formed, which after fully compressing the deformable spacer 4th on the second component B2 is present.

Tolerance compensation devices 2 are also already fundamentally known from the prior art and are already used in vehicle construction, especially when two components B1 , B2 are to be screwed together across a joint gap subject to tolerances. These tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art 2 however, they are particularly suitable for screwing components together B1 , B2 without sealing arrangements 3 . When screwing components together B1 These tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art can have a sealing function at one, two or especially at more than two arranged fastening points 2 turn out to be problematic, however, since the sealing arrangement 3 a surface pressure is required in every operating condition for proper function. When using the tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art 2 However, there is only a distance compensation, so that the components B1 , B2 be connected both tension-free and deformation-free. Consequently, the tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art 2 generate no or only an extremely low contact pressure, since they connect without tension and without deformation.

In practice, therefore, when installing the first component B1 for example, an alternate contact pressure is generated manually. However, the risk here is that this additional work step is forgotten or cannot be carried out in practice, as described above, or that the quality of its execution or repeatability fluctuates. Then the sealing arrangement 3 the interior, ie the cavity between the second component B2 and third component B3 , especially the opening 10 in the third component B3 , which by the first component B1 is covered, not hermetically sealed, so that moisture and dirt can penetrate into this cavity. As a result, for example, neighboring modules that contain electrical components can be damaged and lose their function.

This problem of the tolerance compensation devices known from the prior art 2 becomes with the device described here 1 fixed in the manner already described above, since this device 1 the screwing of components B1 showing a sealing arrangement 3 have, facilitated, the sealing arrangement 3 during the screwing of the first component B1 with the second component B2 in a predetermined manner between the first component B1 and the third component B3 is pressed. This creates an intended sealing effect for the sealing arrangement 3 ensured and the cavity between the second component B2 and the third component B3 , especially its opening 10 in the third component B3 , is securely sealed.

The deformable spacer 4th in particular forms a resilient spacer which enables the first component to be displaced B1 towards the second component B2 is restricted in the axial direction, in particular in order to initially be able to carry out the tolerance compensation, but not prevented, so that after the tolerance compensation has taken place, the sealing arrangement 3 can be pressed. The deformable spacer 4th is by screwing the first component B 1 to the second component B2 as far as deformable, in particular compressible, in particular axially and / or radially deformable, in particular compressible, until the end stop and thus the end position of the first component B1 is reached at which the first component B1 no longer in the axial direction, ie along the longitudinal center axis L. , in the direction of the second component B2 can be moved. In this end position, which is the first component B1 to the second component B2 and thus also to the third component B3 occupies is the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and the third component B3 pressed in a predetermined way.

The deformable spacer 4th can be designed, for example, so that it is already in place when the tolerance compensation device is being attached 2 on the first component B1 is partially deformed, in particular compressed. In this case, it is due to the deformability, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer 4th ensures that even after the assembly of the tolerance compensation device 2 on the first component B 1 there is still a relative movement between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B 1 is possible and the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 bring them closer together.

By means of this tolerance compensation device described here 2 can make differences in the gap width of a joint gap between two components to be screwed in a particularly simple manner during an assembly process B1 , B2 Must be taken into account, especially in the case of a multi-point screw connection of two-dimensionally curved components B1 , and there can be one for the seal assembly 3 required contact pressure can be generated. In this way, for example, unfavorable macro unevenness can be compensated for. Macro unevennesses are undulations occurring in the radial direction or circumferential directions on a sealing surface of neighboring components, here the first component B1 and the third component B3 , the third component B3 for example a rear window or an outer panel of a tailgate or door of the vehicle.

The macro unevennesses in the circumferential direction always represent a potential risk of increased leakage flow where they result in a large sealing gap. Therefore, a sealing material with high deformation capacity (high cold upsetting value) is more suitable during installation than a relatively hard sealing material for larger unevenness.

Macro unevenness in the radial direction can have both positive and negative influences on the sealing behavior. Stress peaks occur where they result in a minimal sealing gap. These voltage peaks (high surface pressure) lead to lower leakage values as long as the maximum surface pressure of the seal arrangement 3 leading to the mechanical destruction of the sealing arrangement 3 leads, is not exceeded.

A proof of tightness is provided if the surface pressure in each operating state is greater than the minimum surface pressure in the operating state for a previously defined leak. Furthermore, the contact pressure may only be low around the third component B3 , for example the outer panel of the vehicle, not to dent.

Finally, it should be noted that generally applicable calculation equations for seals can hardly be given because of the very different designs, since the sliding modulus G and elasticity module E are directly dependent on the Shore hardness, and the modulus of elasticity also depends on the shape of the seal.

The tolerance compensation device 2 is particularly suitable for screwing handles, pushbuttons, lock cylinders, "Handle with Softtouch" or cameras with an integrated sealing arrangement in combination with glass panes, plastic panes or with vehicle outer panels. In this case it would be the first component B1 around the handle, pushbutton, lock cylinder, "Handle with Softtouch" or camera on the second component B2 to a support structure of the vehicle, for example a support structure of a flap, a lid or a door, and in the case of the third component B3 be the glass pane, plastic pane or the outer panel. The tolerance compensation device 2 usually on the first component B1 mounted, ie clipped into this. For example, the tolerance compensation device 2 by means of retaining rings and snap hooks as retaining structures 14th with the first component B1 connected.

The tolerance compensation device 2 can then be used together with the first component B1 can be transferred to the next production step. The components to be screwed together B1 , B2 are fixed in the desired position to each other. This creates a not exactly known distance between the compensation element 8th and the second component B2 . The screw element, designed for example as a stud bolt 6th is through the second component B2 through into the tolerance compensation device 2 depressed. The screw element 6th by means of the entrainment element, designed for example as a threaded spring element 9 force-fit with the compensation element 8th connected. A defined torque (clamping torque) can now be transmitted in the direction of rotation.

The rotation of the screw element 6th now leads over the left or right thread of the compensation element 8th for boring the same. Once the compensation element 8th the second component B2 touches (either directly or via the deformable spacer 4th , a normal force builds up in the axial direction of the second component B2 works. This results in the bearing frictional moment at the head of the compensating element 8th or on the deformable spacer arranged thereon 4th . If the frictional torques generated in the thread and on the support reach the maximum clamping torque, the limit force coupling of the driver element is released 9 between driving element 9 and screw element 6th . The deformable spacer 4th is not compressed or is only partially compressed. The balancing process is now over.

The screw element 6th is now tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, due to the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer 4th it is ensured that there is still a relative movement between the first component even after the compensation process has ended B1 and the second component B2 is possible, for example by a relative movement between the first component B1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 so that the first component B1 and the second component B2 and thus the first component B1 and the third component B3 bring them closer together. This generates the contact pressure that is applied to the sealing arrangement 3 is required for proper function.

The screw element 6th is subsequently tightened with an associated final tightening torque. This reduces or eliminates the remaining axial distance to the end stop. This is limited by the end stop, which is between the first component, for example B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th or between primitive 5 and fastener 7th or between the second component B2 and compensation element 8th he follows.

The tolerance compensation device 2 now acts as an additional, pre-stressed component, similar to a spacer sleeve. The result is a pre-tensioned and, at the same time, low-tension screw connection of the first component B1 and the second component B2 that meets the safety requirements of the screw connection and also has a functioning sealing arrangement in every operating state 3 ensures that this is not a tension-free connection, but a deliberate creation of a low-tension connection of the first component B1 with the second component B2 acts.

In the following, the 1 to 23 some embodiments of the tolerance compensation device 2 and the device 1 and their mode of operation explained in more detail, the embodiments differing in particular in the type and arrangement of the deformable spacer 4th distinguish.

1 shows a sectional view of the device 1 , this device 1 the deformable spacer is shown on the left in the intermediate position in which the tolerance compensation has already taken place 4th however, is not yet compressed and thus the sealing arrangement 3 is not yet pressed, and is shown on the right side in the end position in which the deformable spacer 4th is compressed, the end stop is reached and thus the sealing arrangement 3 is pressed. 2 shows again in a complete sectional view the intermediate position and 3 in a complete representation the end position, whereby in the 2 and 3 the tolerance compensation device 2 in an opposite 1 slightly modified variant is shown. 4th shows an exploded view of the embodiment of the device used here 1 , especially the tolerance compensation device 2 , especially the one in the 2 and 3 shown variant of the tolerance compensation device 2 . The basic element 5 and the fastener 7th are here firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece.

The deformable spacer 4th here comprises an annular spring, also referred to as an annular spring column or cone clamping element. The ring spring consists of ring-shaped individual elements that can be radially slotted and in particular consist of spring-hard steel. A ring spring consists of a layered outer ring, here formed by the receptacle 12th for the deformable spacer 4th in the first component B1 and / or in the basic element 5 , and an inner ring, the inner surfaces and outer surfaces of which are double-conical or conical and support each other in their conical outer surfaces. A ring, here the outer ring, is at least partially in the first component B1 , as in 1 shown, and / or in the basic element 5 as in the 1 to 3 shown, and / or in the fastener 7th added or formed and in particular with the base element 5 aligned coaxially. Another ring, here the inner ring, is in the basic element 5 and / or first component B1 and / or fastening element 7th , especially in the recording 12th , recorded or formed or, for example, integrally integrated. This second ring forms the deformable spacer 4th which can deform elastically.

Because of this structure, this embodiment has the tolerance compensation device 2 and the deformable spacer 4th a favorable use of space. To improve the engagement between the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer designed as an annular spring 4th and the first component B1 and / or in order to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can, for example, additionally be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side. It is possible to connect several ring springs one behind the other.

The mode of operation of this embodiment of the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer 4th is compared to the intermediate position ( 1 left and 2 ) with the end position ( 2 right and 3 ) clear. After the balancing process is finished, the screwing element 6th tightened with the increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as an annular spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 and also between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the rings are shifted into one another, so that the outer rings expand and the inner rings are compressed, or at least the inner rings, here the deformable spacer, are compressed 4th , comes. The diameter of the outer rings increases as the inner ring decreases. In the example shown here, only the diameter of the deformable spacer is reduced 4th , which forms the inner ring. When the rings are moved along their conical surface, frictional forces act against the direction of movement. This influence of friction and the associated spring hysteresis are used when using this embodiment for a characteristic of the spring characteristics.

As further in 2 shown, arises in the intermediate position, in which the compensation process by applying the compensation element 8th to the second component B2 is ended, initially a first distance A1 between the first component B1 and the second component B2 and a second distance A2 between the first component B1 and third component B3 a. With the deformable spacer 4th becomes a path of movement s , here between the first component B1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 , held in front of which the first component B1 still compressing the deformable spacer 4th towards the second component B2 can be moved until the end position is reached, creating the first distance A1 between the first component B2 and the second component B2 is reduced accordingly and likewise the second distance A2 between the first component B1 and third component B3 is reduced accordingly. This leads to the sealing arrangement being compressed 3 between the first component B1 and the third component B3 in the given way.

5 shows an exploded view of a further embodiment of the tolerance compensation device 2 , with the basic element here as well 5 and the fastener 7th are firmly connected to one another or, in another example, are formed in one piece. Here, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th a clamping disk, also referred to as a flat conical clamping disk, star disk or ring clamping disk, or is designed as such, as in FIG 5 shown. Also this deformable spacer 4th is in the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged, in particular in a corresponding receptacle 12th , and thus between the first component B1 and the basic element 5 and / or the fastening element 7th .

Clamping disks are sheet metal parts made of especially spring-hard steel with a cylindrical outer surface and an inner bore, as well as flat planar surfaces, which are specially formed by recesses. This deformable spacer 4th is particular with the basic element 5 aligned coaxially. A series connection of several such tension disks is possible. To improve the engagement between the tensioning disk and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side. As an alternative to the arrangement in the receptacle 12th of the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th the tensioning disk can be at least partially in the first component B1 be included.

The deformable, in particular elastic, spacer designed as a tensioning disk 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a tension washer 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a tension washer deforms 4th .

6th shows an exploded view of a further embodiment of the tolerance compensation device 2 . Here, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th a disc spring or a layered variant of disc springs or is designed as such. The disc spring is also known as a disc-shaped spiral spring. The layering variant, shown in the sectional illustration according to a further embodiment 7th , is also known as a disc spring set. This deformable spacer, too, designed as a disc spring or a layered variant 4th is at the basic element 5 or fastener 7th arranged, in particular in the recording 12th , or alternatively on the first component B1 . In the example according to 7th is the layering variant of the disc springs in the mount 12th of the fastener 7th arranged. This deformable spacer 4th is particularly the basic element 5 aligned coaxially.

In another embodiment it can be provided, for example, that a plate spring is at least partially in the first component B1 added and in particular with the basic element 5 is aligned coaxially and another plate spring at least partially in the base element 5 and / or in the fastening element 7th added and in particular with the basic element 5 is aligned coaxially.

Also in the embodiments according to FIGS 6th and 7th are basic element 5 and fastener 7th firmly connected to one another or in another example formed in one piece.

Disk springs are thin-walled, flat-conical annular disks, optionally with radial slots, made in particular of spring-hard steel. Due to its basic shape and possibly due to these radial slots, the disc spring is elastically deformable with respect to its cone angle and can be compressed or expanded in diameter. If the disc spring is supported on the outer edge, its inner diameter is reduced when it is flattened; if it is supported on the inner edge, the outer diameter increases when it is flattened. In addition to the shape with a rectangular cross-section, shapes with supporting surfaces with a trapezoidal cross-section on the outside and inside slotted shapes are also used. In this combination, disc springs can also be designed in such a way that they can be deformed beyond the flatness.

The particular advantage of the disc spring lies in the wide range of possible combinations of parallel and series connections. Disc springs can be combined and layered in many ways. Disc springs can be combined in various ways to form packages and columns. In the case of disc springs, a basic distinction is made between a single layer (spring assembly) and a counter-layered (spring column) arrangement. Disc spring columns can be assembled from single springs or packages that are layered in the same direction or alternately.

To improve the engagement between the disc spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a larger distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first component B1 be arranged facing side.

In a further embodiment, one or more disc springs with incorporated cylindrical extensions are used as deformable spacers in the spring plates 4th used. This improves the support conditions and guidance conditions for the seal arrangement 3 to the first component B1 realized. The same applies when using centering intermediate rings. In addition, intermediate rings can be arranged to bridge a greater distance.

For better handling and assembly, the disc springs are designed, for example, with extensions and intermediate rings so that they are in the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th and / or in the first component B1 can be mounted or clamped.

The deformable spacer designed as a disc spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the elastic spacer designed as a disc spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a disc spring is deformed 4th .

The influence of the disc spring shape and spring arrangement on the characteristic curve of the spring can be analyzed analytically and can be used specifically for the implementation of very specific, desired characteristic curves for a characteristic of the spring characteristic curves.

8th shows a further embodiment of the device 1 and tolerance compensation device 2 in exploded view. Here, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th a truncated cone spring with a rectangular cross-section or a truncated conical spring with a round cross-section, also referred to as a conical compression spring made of tape or a conical compression spring, or is designed as such.

Frustoconical springs are created by the helical winding of the tape, the wire. The pitch of the winding increases from the inside to the outside. The outer turn is larger than that of the inner one, corresponding to its larger coil diameter.

Due to its basic shape, the frustoconical spring is elastically deformable with regard to its cone angle and can be compressed or expanded. The frustoconical spring is, for example, at least partially in the first component B1 and / or in the basic element 5 and / or in the fastening element 7th recorded, especially in the recording 12th , and especially with the primitive 5 aligned coaxially. The basic element 5 and fastener 7th are also firmly connected to one another here or, in other examples, are made in one piece.

To improve the engagement between the truncated cone spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side. In a further embodiment, the frustoconical spring is designed for better handling and assembly so that its end is in the base element 5 or the fastener 7th can be mounted or clamped.

The deformable spacer designed as a frustoconical spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, due to the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the elastic spacer designed as a truncated cone spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a frustoconical spring is deformed 4th .

The influence of the truncated cone spring on the good use of space is used in this embodiment in that the individual turns can be pushed into one another; as the only helical spring, they can even be compressed down to wire thickness. In addition, as already mentioned, it can end in the basic element 5 or the fastener 7th mounted or clamped. Truncated cone springs are used in particular where there are limited holding options and installation spaces and to achieve a special spring characteristic.

The 9 to 11 show exploded views of further embodiments of the device 1 and tolerance compensation device 2 , here also the deformable spacers 4th on the basic element 5 , Fastener 7th and / or first component B1 are arranged, in particular in the receptacle 12th . Here too are basic elements 5 and fastener 7th firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece in other examples.

The deformable, in particular elastic, spacer 4th includes a corrugated washer here ( 9 ) or a single domed spring washer ( 10 ) or a spring washer ( 11 ), also referred to as a wave spring, wave spring washer, axial wave spring or spring washer, or is designed as such.

Corrugated springs are multi-arched (corrugated) disks or corrugated strips made of especially spring-hard steel and formed to overlap to form a ring. Spring washers are circular components, the spring action of which is made possible by single or multiple curvatures, interlockings in the axial direction, made in particular of spring-hard steel.

Due to its basic shape, the wave spring or spring washer is elastically deformable and can be compressed or expanded. The wave spring or spring washer is, for example, at least partially in the first component B1 added and in particular with the basic element 5 aligned coaxially. Alternatively or additionally, it is at least partially in the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th added and in particular with the basic element 5 aligned coaxially. To improve the engagement between the wave spring or spring washer and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

According to a further embodiment, the corrugated spring or spring washer is designed for better handling and assembly so that its end is in the base element 5 or the fastener 7th or the first component B1 can be mounted or clamped.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, alternating or co-directional layers can be used. When alternating layers, additional constructive measures are required. In this case, flat washers are usually placed between the individual springs.

The deformable spacer designed as a wave spring or spring washer 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a corrugated spring or spring washer 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a corrugated spring or spring washer deforms 4th .

The influence of the corrugated spring or spring washer is used in that alternating or parallel layers can be used. In addition, disks and / or intermediate rings can be arranged to bridge a greater distance. Individual spring washers are used where space is limited.

The 12th to 14th show a further embodiment of the device 1 and tolerance compensation device 2 , in which 12th the intermediate position, 13th the end position and 14th the tolerance compensation device 2 shows in an exploded view. According to this embodiment, the basic element 5 and the fastener 7th firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece in other examples. In addition, the tolerance compensation device 2 here fixed, ie immobile, with the first component B1 connected. In the based on the 1 to 11 described embodiments is the deformable spacer 4th always between the first component B1 and the basic element 5 or fastener 7th arranged, with basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or formed in one piece. The movement of the first component B1 from the intermediate position to the end position for pressing the sealing arrangement 3 always takes place through a movement of the first component B1 in the direction of the tolerance compensation device 2 with increasing compression of the deformable spacer disposed therebetween 4th .

This differs from that in the 12th to 14th illustrated embodiment in that the tolerance compensation device 2 firmly to the first component B1 is connected and the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer 4th on the compensation element 8th , especially at its plant section 11 for contact with the second component B2 , is arranged. The further movement of the first component B1 from the intermediate position to the end position for compressing the sealing arrangement 3 thus takes place by moving the first component B1 together with the tolerance compensation device 2 towards the second component B2 with increasing deformation, in particular compression, of the deformable spacer 4th .

The deformable spacer 4th here comprises an elastomer spring, also referred to as a rubber spring or rubber element, or is designed as such. Elastomer springs are designed in a wide variety of shapes as ready-to-install construction elements. They can be designed as disks, rings, plates or frames, in particular made of natural or synthetic rubber, cellulose, paper, cardboard, rubber, plastic, fibrous plates, pressed fibrous plates, cork, fibrous materials and / or rubber-cork compounds, or these include. For example, rubber is synonymous with elastomer.

For example, circular, ready-to-install construction elements, the spring effect of which is made possible by high flexibility, are used. To improve the elastic resilience, the resilience effect and the deformation resistance, for example beads, strips and / or recesses are designed on the construction elements. Embossings are formed to prevent it from being pushed out of the connection. For better handling and assembly, the elastomer spring is designed, for example, in such a way that its end is in the compensating element through hooks and undercuts 8th can be mounted or clamped.

In addition to these construction elements to be joined, bonded elastomer springs can also be formed, in which a connection with a joining partner, in particular with the compensating element, is established by vulcanizing or gluing 8th , is created. Since the elastomer spring is then firmly connected to a joining partner, it can be counted among the integrated elastomer springs. Integrated elastomer springs can be produced by vulcanizing or gluing the spring or by casting a plastic carrier material and the elastomer material in a combined casting mold, for example as a multi-component injection-molded part or joining several elements by overmolding and simultaneously injecting further elements.

Due to its basic shape, the elastomer spring is elastically deformable and can be compressed or expanded. The elastomer spring is at least partially in the compensating element 8th added or cohesively connected and in particular with the base element 5 aligned coaxially. To improve the engagement between the elastomer spring and the second component B2 and / or a spacer body can also be arranged to bridge a greater distance.

The deformable spacer designed as an elastomer spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and here the second component B2 . As also described above, the compensation element is first unscrewed until the intermediate position is reached 8th from the basic element 5 until it is with its attachment section 11 and the deformable spacer arranged thereon, designed as an elastomer spring 4th on the second component B2 is applied and the intermediate position is reached in which the deformable spacer 4th is not yet or at most partially compressed. After this compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as an elastomer spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 with the tolerance compensation device attached 2 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as an elastomer spring deforms 4th .

The influence of the elastomer spring is used in this embodiment in that various shaping options can be used to implement progressive, degressive and linear characteristics of elastomer springs. The advantage of elastomer spring materials is their small modulus of elasticity. For this reason, the spring stiffness is low compared to metal springs, which can be very advantageous. Another difference to metal springs is that the modulus of elasticity or the modulus of sliding is not a pure material parameter, but also depends on the shape, which is also very advantageous for the design of the spring characteristics. Furthermore, the modulus of elasticity is dependent on the different rubber quality, which is indicated by the Shore hardness, which allows additional variations.

In a further embodiment not shown here, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th a helical spring, also referred to as a compression spring or helical compression spring, or is designed as such. A helical spring is a wire spring wound with a pitch, with a round wire cross-section or with a rectangular wire cross-section, which consists in particular of spring-hard steel. The helical spring pressed by a compressive force is a torsion spring according to its stress. The coil spring deforms elastically under load and can be squeezed. Here too are basic elements 5 and fastener 7th firmly connected or formed in one piece and the helical spring is between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged, for example in the recording 12th . The coil spring is in particular with the base element 5 aligned coaxially. To improve the engagement between the helical spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side. For example, the first component is B1 for better assembly of the helical spring designed so that one end of the helical spring in the first component by ribs B1 is clamped. Alternatively, for example, the fastening element 7th and / or basic element 5 designed for better handling and assembly of the helical spring so that one end of the helical spring is in the fastening element by means of ribs 7th and / or basic element 5 is clamped.

The deformable spacer designed as a helical spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a helical spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a helical spring is deformed 4th .

The influence of the helical spring is used in this embodiment in that the spring body works with very little friction.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th a spring circuit, also referred to as parallel spring circuit, interconnection of springs, spring combination, spring set or nested springs, or is designed as such.

In a spring circuit, a spring is not used individually, but is combined with other springs. The springs are arranged in such a way that the external load is proportionally divided between the individual springs. As an elementary boundary condition of this type of spring arrangement, the deflection (spring travel, stroke travel) must expediently be the same for all springs. The spring stiffness of the springs involved can be different from one another. If springs are arranged next to one another or in parallel, one speaks of a parallel connection.

In a further embodiment, the springs are arranged in such a way that each individual spring experiences the same external load. In the case of springs that are arranged one behind the other, the external load acts on each individual spring. As a result, the spring forces in all individual springs are the same. The spring stiffness of the springs involved can be different from one another. Because of the different spring stiffnesses, different spring paths (stroke paths) must result. If springs are arranged one behind the other, one speaks of a series connection.

In a further embodiment, individual springs are arranged in a system with a mixture of parallel connection and series connection. The spring circuit deforms elastically under load and can be compressed.

In these embodiments, too, the deformable spacer formed in this way is 4th between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged, for example in the recording 12th in the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th or in the first component B1 . Basic element 5 and fastener 7th are also firmly connected to one another or are made in one piece.

The spring circuit is in particular with the basic element 5 aligned coaxially. To improve the engagement between the spring circuit and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

The first component B1 or the fastener 7th and / or basic element 5 For example, for better assembly of the spring circuit, it can be designed in such a way that one end of the spring circuit is in the first component through ribs B1 can be clamped and centered. So that the individual springs do not get caught, they are to be produced with a winding direction that is opposite to the winding direction of the neighboring springs.

The deformable spacer designed as a spring circuit 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, with the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a spring circuit 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B 1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B 1 and the third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a spring circuit deforms 4th .

The influence of the spring circuit is used in this embodiment in that it is often very difficult or even impossible to represent a required spring characteristic curve with individual springs. For structural reasons, forces may have to be distributed over several springs. In many applications it will not be possible for practical reasons to achieve the absorption of forces and minimal movements of a structure only by a spring. It will then be necessary to connect several springs of the same or different dimensions, different spring stiffnesses in parallel or one behind the other. By interconnecting several individual springs to form spring circuits, a wide variety of non-linear spring characteristics can also be implemented. In the case of limited installation space, for example, the use of spring circuits can only enable the necessary volume of material to be accommodated.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th a securing element, also referred to as an axial securing element, securing ring, snap ring, retaining ring, round wire snap ring or split washer, or is designed as such. A fuse element is in its basic form a slotted resilient ring. One embodiment for the securing element is a coiled wire spring with a round wire cross-section or with a rectangular wire cross-section, which consists in particular of hardened steel. If special emphasis is placed on ease of assembly, securing elements are used that can optionally also be attached in the radial direction, while the securing rings, which have the basic shape of a simple slotted ring, can only be pulled on in the axial direction.

According to a further embodiment, not shown, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th a shaped spring, also referred to as a spring-loaded ring, or is designed as such.

The securing element or the shaped spring deforms elastically under load and can be pushed apart. The basic shape gives the ring radial elasticity.

In these embodiments, too, the deformable spacer is 4th between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged, for example in the recording 12th , and in particular coaxial with the base element 5 aligned. Here too are basic elements 5 and fastener 7th firmly connected or formed in one piece.

The axially mountable securing element is, for example, resiliently inserted into a receptacle designed as an annular groove 12th in the first component B1 used. The securing element protruding from the annular groove then forms an axially loadable shoulder and serves to compensate for axial play and to limit the fastening element that is pressed against it 7th . It is preferably used in an annular groove or in a radial shoulder of the first component B1 . For the following one-sided power transmission, the ring groove is beveled on the relieved side.

Becomes the tightening process of the screw element 6th Executed further from the intermediate position, the fastener exercises 7th an axial displacement that disengages the securing element by means of a bevel of the annular groove, whereby the movement of the first component B1 towards the second component B2 and thus also in the direction of the third component B3 for pressing the sealing arrangement 3 is made possible.

To improve the engagement between the securing element or shaped spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

According to a further embodiment, the securing element or the shaped spring is designed for better handling and assembly so that its end is in the base element 5 or the fastener 7th or the first component B1 can be mounted or clamped.

The deformable spacer designed as a securing element or shaped spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as deformable, in particular resilient, spacers between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th are tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, with the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the elastic spacer designed as a securing element or the shaped spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a securing element or the shaped spring is deformed 4th .

The influence of the shaped spring is used in this embodiment in that different shaping options can be used to implement different installation space conditions and to bridge a greater distance.

The 15th and 16 show a further embodiment of the device 1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 , in which 15th the device 1 in the intermediate position and 16 shows in the end position. The deformable, in particular elastic, spacer 4th here comprises a sealing ring, also referred to as an O-ring, O-ring or O-ring, or is designed as such.

In this embodiment too, the deformable spacer is 4th between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged, for example in the recording 12th , and in particular coaxial with the base element 5 aligned, and primitive 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or made in one piece.

To improve the engagement between the sealing ring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

Sealing rings are designed as ready-to-install construction elements, which are in particular made of natural or synthetic rubber, plastic or rubber. Expediently, rubber is synonymous with elastomer. Due to its basic shape, the sealing ring is elastically deformable and can be compressed or expanded.

Since flat seals and, in particular, sealing rings are difficult to separate and feed during assembly, the sealing ring can be formed, for example, by a liquid seal. For example, a sealing compound is applied with a robot and / or an automatic handling device.

The deformable spacer designed as a sealing ring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, with the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a sealing ring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a sealing ring deforms 4th .

The influence of the sealing ring is used in this embodiment in that the modulus of elasticity is dependent on the different rubber quality, which is indicated by the Shore hardness, and is not a pure material parameter, as is the case with metal springs.

The 17th to 19th show a further embodiment of the tolerance compensation device 2 and the device 1 , in which 17th the intermediate position, 18th the end position and 19th an exploded view of the device 1 , especially the tolerance compensation device 2 , shows.

The deformable spacer 4th here comprises, for example, a press fit, also referred to as a press fit, or is designed as such. An interference fit is a connection that is created by pressing two components together, i.e. the first component in the context described here B1 and the primitive 5 and / or fastening element 7th or, as shown in the example shown, the primitive 5 and the fastener 7th . The components to be connected are oversized before joining. In their mutual position, the components are initially only held in a force-locking manner by friction, the friction being generated by tension which is due to a deformation occurring during joining. After joining is the first component B1 expanded and the basic element 5 or fastener 7th compressed, or as in the example shown here, in which the elastic spacer 4th through the interference fit between the base element 5 and fastener 7th is formed is the fastener 7th expanded and the basic element 5 pressed together. The opposite is the case when the fastening element is pressed on 7th or primitive 5 onto the first component B 1 or, in the case shown here, a pressing of the basic element 5 on the fastener 7th .

The expansion or compression depends, among other things, on the elasticity or also on the plasticity of the materials of the components. The peaks of the surface roughness are largely plastically deformed. Much larger manufacturing tolerances can be used if the components are cross-knurled before joining or are equipped with axially parallel longitudinal knurls. The components can, for example, also be provided with staggered incisions perpendicular to their axes. If material is removed from the edge areas, a more flexible component is created. As a result of the recesses, the slots on the circumference and the segments, the cross-sections are subject to great bending stress and are accordingly flexible.

Because of the normal stress in the circumferential direction, joining is usually very forceful. Therefore, for example, chamfers, radii, bevels, curves and other broken edges can be implemented as an insertion aid on the components.

Due to their design, the components are the basic element in the example shown 5 and the fastener 7th or in the other possible embodiment, the first component B1 and the basic element 5 and / or the fastening element 7th , elastically deformable and can be compressed or expanded.

It can be provided that the basic element 5 , Fastener 7th and first component B1 , at least the components of the interference fit, for better handling and assembly are designed so that bevels, radii, bevels, curves and other edge breaks are designed as insertion aids at their ends, so that they center each other, for example.

The interference fit as a deformable spacer 4th is thus between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th formed, then basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or formed in one piece, or it is, as in the 17th to 19th shown between primitive 5 and fastener 7th educated. In particular, it is coaxial with the compensation element 8th aligned.

The deformable spacer designed as an interference fit 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer, either between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 or, as shown here, between the first component B1 with the fastening element attached 7th and the basic element 5 . So that is the deformable spacer 4th in the example shown in the tolerance compensation device 2 integrated. After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as an interference fit 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer, which is designed as an interference fit, is deformed 4th , ie the two components of the interference fit, here the basic element 5 and the fastener 7th , are increasingly compressed, whereby they deform, ie are further expanded or compressed.

In a further embodiment, the fastening element is 7th captive to the basic element 5 tied, for example, molded. The fastener 7th can also be achieved by casting a plastic carrier material and the metallic material of the base element 5 can be produced in a combined casting mold. For example, it is also possible to join several elements by overmolding and simultaneously molding on further elements. This makes it possible, for example, to implement the idea of integrating plastic with metal.

The deformable spacer is an alternative or in addition to the interference fit 4th for example, by a form-fitting connection that can be broken up by deformation, in particular due to the action of force, in particular with a predetermined breaking point, formed between two components, in particular between the two at the top Press fit named respective components. In the example shown here according to the 17th to 19th these are the basic element 5 and the fastener 7th . The force applied to break the positive connection is advantageously the axial force of the screw element 6th during the screwing of the first component B 1 to the second component B2 in the manner described above.

In the example shown here, the positive connection is established by a tongue and groove connection between the components, in this case between the basic element 5 and the fastener 7th , educated. The deformability is expediently formed by the tongue of this tongue and groove connection, ie by the element protruding into the groove, which, for example, deforms or breaks off. In addition, the interference fit can also be formed here in the manner described above.

As a result of this form-fit connection, the components are arranged captively on one another, at least until the form-fit connection is broken, for example one component is molded onto the other. In the example shown here, the fastener is 7th captive to the basic element 5 tied, for example, molded. The fastener 7th can also be done here, for example, by casting a plastic carrier material and the metallic material of the base element 5 can be produced in a combined casting mold. For example, it is also possible to join several elements by overmolding and simultaneously molding on further elements. This enables, for example, as already mentioned above, the implementation of the idea of integrating plastic with metal.

This form-fitting connection can thus be formed, for example, by casting or injection molding both components, for example in a combined casting mold, or by molding one of the components onto the other component. For example, both components are made of plastic or one of the components is made of plastic and the other is made of metal. In this case, the predetermined breaking point and / or deformability is expediently provided on the component which is made of plastic.

In particular with the combination of the positive connection described above and the interference fit, these components of the interference fit, in particular the base element 5 and the fastener 7th , for example, held in a form-fitting manner in their mutual position, and in the further course of the tightening process of the screw element 6th in the fastener 7th a mechanical tension is generated which is applied to a tensioning force of the screw element that occurs when tightening 6th is due. After joining is the fastener 7th expanded and the basic element 5 pressed together.

For example, the fastening element is also stripped off 7th from the basic element 5 considered when covering greater distances. So there is a deliberate break, for example in the fastening element 7th , especially with the positive connection described above. This predetermined breaking behavior replaces an additional component that would otherwise be required, namely a spring, for example.

The deformable spacer embodied as a press fit and / or plastic injection molding and / or form-fitting connection that can be released in the manner described above 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable spacer between the second component B2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, due to the compressibility and / or extensibility and / or deformability, in particular plastic deformation, and / or destructive deformation of the fastening element 7th deformable spacer designed as a press fit and / or plastic injection molding and / or form-fitting connection 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a press fit and / or plastic injection molding and / or form-fitting connection is deformed 4th and / or it breaks, in particular at the predetermined breaking point. In particular, a frictional force of this interference fit is overcome. The one here based on the basic element 5 and fastening element 7th The mode of operation described also applies to the other combinations of components mentioned above for the interference fit.

The interference fit and / or the injection-molded plastic and / or the form-fitting connection described is easy to produce and can also be used where there is limited installation space, since there is no separate additional component as a deformable spacer 4th is required, but at least two components of the device that are required anyway 1 , especially the tolerance compensation device 2 , be designed in such a way that they act as a deformable spacer 4th on cooperate in the manner described above. As a result, a reduction in the number of components and easier assembly are achieved, in particular also through the connection, in particular a form-fitting connection, of the two interacting components. This simplifies handling, positioning and insertion and reduces the total number of assembly processes.

The advantages are short assembly times and the elimination of additional assembly elements. By realizing the integral construction is concerned with the deformable spacer 4th advantageously all combined in one component. The tolerance compensation device 2 requires the deformable spacer for its function 4th . In this embodiment it is a deformable spacer 4th advantageously designed in an integral manner, in particular by the interaction of at least two other components of the device 1 , especially the tolerance compensation device 2 , as described above, especially in the tolerance compensation device 2 integrated. The assembly of an otherwise additionally required deformable spacer 4th not applicable. The result is a convincing simplification. For example, however, there are restrictions with regard to the possibility of reuse, for example in the case of a repair of the vehicle.

This compact embodiment is also a very inexpensive variant. On the other hand, it is disadvantageous that this embodiment is only intended for single use, for example. In particular, this relates to the above-described form-fitting connection which can be broken up by the action of force, since it is destroyed by the action of force. It is therefore an embodiment that must be disposed of as waste after its first use.

The 20th and 21 show exploded views of two further embodiments of the device 1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 . The deformable spacer 4th here comprises an injection-molded helical spring, also referred to as a compression spring. The deformable, in particular elastic, spacer 4th cannot be lost due to being molded onto another component of the tolerance compensation device 2 , here on the fastener 7th , connected. Since the helical spring is firmly connected to a joining partner, it can be counted among the integrated springs. 20th shows the molded helical spring as a simple helix. Alternatively, the helical spring is injection-molded in the manner of a multiple helix, as in FIG 21 shown.

The coil spring and the fastener 7th are injection-molded in one piece, whereby the multi-component injection molding enables a combination of different plastics to form one part in a single production cycle, or connected with a series welding process, which means that they are firmly bonded. Heating element, vibration, rotation and ultrasonic welding as well as laser welding come into consideration as welding processes.

Combinations of different plastics can also be implemented here, although there are some restrictions with regard to the manufacturing options. Injection molding is only possible with a special design and with a considerable amount of tools. For example, the coil spring is demolded by rotating the core. The integrated helical spring can also be produced by casting a plastic carrier material and the resilient, also metallic, material in a combined casting mold.

For example, several elements can be joined by overmolding and simultaneously molding on further elements. This enables the idea of integrating plastic with metal to be implemented.

The coil spring uses the resilient properties of the helix. Their resilience is made possible by the resilient properties of the plastic. The helical spring pressed by a compressive force is a torsion spring according to its stress. Due to its basic shape, the helical spring is elastically deformable under load and can be compressed.

As already described, this helical spring is on the fastening element in the example shown 7th injected. Alternatively, it can also be attached to the base element, for example 5 or on the first component B1 be sprayed on. In particular, it is coaxial with the base element 5 aligned.

The deformable spacer formed in this way 4th is in this embodiment thus between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged. Basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or made in one piece.

To improve the engagement between the helical spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side. According to a further embodiment, the first component B1 for better assembly of the helical spring designed so that one end of the helical spring in the first component by ribs B1 is clamped.

The deformable spacer designed as an injection-molded helical spring 4th serves first of all, as above for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th are tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer formed as an injection-molded helical spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer, which is designed as an injection-molded helical spring, is deformed 4th .

The influence of the injection-molded and thus integrated helical spring is used in this embodiment by integrating the helical spring component into another component, for example into the fastening element 7th , Easier assembly can be achieved. This simplifies handling, positioning and insertion and reduces the total number of assembly processes. The advantages are short assembly times and the elimination of additional assembly elements. By implementing the integral construction, everything is combined in one plastic part. The tolerance compensation device 2 requires a deformable spacer to function 4th for example in the form of a helical spring. In this version, an integral spring element was designed. The difficult final assembly of an otherwise necessary wire spring is no longer necessary. The result is a convincing simplification.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the deformable, in particular elastic, spacer comprises 4th an injection-molded helical spring or is designed as such. If you extend the effective length of a leaf spring by making it in the form of a spiral, you create the basic shape of a helical spring. Since the helical spring is firmly connected to a joining partner, it can be counted among the integrated springs. In the case of the injection-molded helical spring, the spiral is in this way, for example, with the fastening element 7th and / or the basic element 5 or with the first component B1 connected. The deformable spacer formed in this way 4th in this embodiment is thus between the first component B 1 and the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged. Basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or made in one piece. The deformable spacer 4th is in particular coaxial with the base element 5 aligned.

The helical spring and the component on which it is injected are injection molded in one piece, whereby the multi-component injection molding enables a combination of different plastics to form one part in a single production cycle, or is connected with a series welding process, and therefore made with a material fit. Heating element, vibration, rotation and ultrasonic welding as well as laser welding can be considered as welding processes. Here, too, combinations of different plastics can be realized.

Due to the special geometry of the helical spring, it can be injected with plastic in one plane, stretched during demolding and then tensioned, so that a powerful spring element is created. As a result, the helical spring is distinguished in terms of its simple manufacturing options. In addition, the flat shape of the helical spring saves considerable installation space.

The integrated helical spring can also be produced by casting a plastic carrier material and the resilient, also metallic, material in a combined casting mold. It is possible to join several elements by overmoulding and simultaneously injecting additional elements. The realization of the idea of integrating plastic with metal is also made possible.

The helical spring uses the resilient properties of the spiral. Their resilience is made possible by the resilient properties of the plastic. The helical spring, pressed by a compressive force, is a torsion spring according to its stress. Due to its basic shape, the helical spring is elastically deformable under load and can be compressed.

To improve the engagement between the helical spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

The deformable spacer designed as a helical spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, whereby through the still to Available deformability, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a helical spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a helical spring deforms 4th .

The influence of the integrated helical spring is used in this embodiment by integrating the helical spring component into another component, for example into the fastening element 7th , Easier assembly can be achieved. This simplifies handling, positioning and insertion and reduces the total number of assembly processes.

The advantages are short assembly times and the elimination of additional assembly elements. By implementing the integral construction, everything is combined in one plastic part.

The tolerance compensation device 2 requires a deformable spacer to function 4th . In this version, an integral spring element was designed. The difficult final assembly of an otherwise necessary sheet metal spring is no longer necessary. The result is a convincing simplification.

22nd shows a further embodiment of the device 1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 in an exploded view. In this embodiment, the deformable spacer comprises 4th an injection-molded spiral spring, also referred to as a leaf spring, spring element, self-supporting bending beam or resilient bending beam. The deformable spacer 4th cannot be lost to another component of the tolerance compensation device 2 tied up. Since the spiral spring is firmly connected to a joining partner, it can be counted among the integrated springs. The spiral spring is simplified and idealized as a bending beam clamped on one side with a rectangular cross-section. This self-supporting bending beam cannot be lost with the fastening element, for example 7th connected. Alternatively, the spiral spring is fully cylindrical with slots with a semicircular cross-section in the manner of ring segments. These segments cannot be lost, for example with the fastening element 7th connected.

The low shear stiffness of the plastics already fulfills the requirements for a flexible spring design in terms of the material. Flexibly soft cross-sectional geometries result from the fact that the thrust flow is interrupted by slots on the outer circumference of the solid cylinder.

Another alternative is to design the spiral spring in the form of a carrier mounted on two sides. This spiral spring can be shaped like a Gothic arch.

Another alternative is the spiral spring, which uses the freedom of design in the form of a free-form structure for the desired flexural deflection. A typical feature of this spiral spring are formed bevels and cavities. Due to this special design, it is used where there are only bores, holes or cutouts in the opposite part, in particular the first component B1 be available.

Alternatively, however, it is also possible that the spiral spring is attached to the base element 5 is injected or joined. This is for example shown in the exemplary embodiment 22nd intended. What all versions have in common is that the spiral spring is deflected via a protruding element, for example via a bevel, knobs or bead during assembly. These are self-supporting bending beams, in which the deflection force is primarily a function of the bending stiffness.

The spiral spring and, for example, the fastening element 7th or the basic element 5 are injection-molded in one piece, whereby the multi-component injection molding enables a combination of different plastics to form one part in a single production cycle, or connected with a series welding process, which means that they are firmly bonded. Heating element, vibration, rotation and ultrasonic welding as well as laser welding come into consideration as welding processes. Here, too, combinations of different plastics can be realized.

The integrated spiral spring can also be produced by casting a plastic carrier material and the resilient, also metallic material in a combined casting mold. It is possible to join several elements by overmoulding and simultaneously injecting additional elements.

The idea of integrating plastic with metal is made possible.

The spiral spring uses the resilient properties of the bending beam, the resilience of which is made possible by the resilient properties of the plastic. Due to its basic shape, the spiral spring is elastically deformable under load and can be compressed.

The spiral spring is, for example, on the first component B1 or on the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th educated. It is therefore between the first component B1 and the basic element 5 and / or the fastening element 7th arranged and in particular coaxial with the base element 5 aligned. The basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or made in one piece.

To improve the engagement between the spiral spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side. According to a further embodiment, the first component B1 for better assembly of the spiral spring designed so that one end of the spiral spring in the first component through grooves, bores and countersinks B1 to be led.

The deformable spacer designed as a spiral spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a spiral spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a spiral spring is deformed 4th .

The influence of the integrated spiral spring is used in this embodiment by integrating the spiral spring component into another component, for example into the fastening element 7th or the basic element 5 , Easier assembly can be achieved. This simplifies handling, positioning and insertion and reduces the total number of assembly processes. The advantages are short assembly times and the elimination of additional assembly elements. By implementing the integral construction, everything is combined in one plastic part.

The tolerance compensation device 2 requires a deformable spacer to function 4th . In this version, an integral spring element was designed. The difficult final assembly of an otherwise necessary leaf spring or spiral spring is no longer necessary. The result is a convincing simplification.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the deformable spacer comprises 4th an injection-molded locking connection, also referred to as a locking spring, or is designed as such. The deformable spacer 4th is captively connected to another component. Since the snap-in connection is firmly connected to a joining partner, it can be counted among the integrated springs.

The locking connection is simplified and idealized as a bending beam clamped on one side with a rectangular cross-section. This self-supporting bending beam, in which the deflection force is primarily a function of the bending stiffness, cannot be lost, for example with the fastening element 7th connected.

The latching connection and the fastening element 7th are injection-molded in one piece, whereby the multi-component injection molding enables a combination of different plastics to form one part in a single production cycle, or connected with a series welding process, thus executed in a cohesive manner, for example by heating element, vibration, rotation or ultrasonic welding or laser welding Combinations of different plastics can also be implemented here, although there are some restrictions with regard to the manufacturing options. Injection molding is only possible with a special design and with a considerable amount of tools.

The locking connection uses the resilient properties of the bending beam, the resilience of which is made possible by the resilient properties of the plastic. Latching hooks deflect the bending beam via their wedge shape, so that through the axial movement by means of the screw element 6th the first component B1 on the basic element 5 is movable. Due to its basic shape, the locking connection is elastically deformable under load.

The locking connection as a deformable spacer 4th is between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged and in particular coaxial with the base element 5 aligned. For example, it is on the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th formed or on the first component B1 educated. Basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or made in one piece.

To improve the engagement between the locking connection and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

The deformable spacer designed as a locking connection 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, with the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a latching connection 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the spiral spring of the elastic spacer, which is designed as a latching connection, is deformed 4th . Latching hooks deflect the bending beam via their wedge shape, so that by means of the axial movement by means of a screw element 6th the first component B1 on the basic element 5 and thus on the second component B2 and the third component B3 is moved.

The influence of the integrated latching connection is used in this embodiment in that by integrating the component latching connection into another component, for example into the fastening element 7th , Easier assembly can be achieved. This simplifies handling, positioning and insertion and reduces the total number of assembly processes.

The advantages are short assembly times and the elimination of additional assembly elements. By implementing the integral construction, everything is combined in one plastic part.

The tolerance compensation device 2 requires a deformable spacer to function 4th . In this version, an integral spring element was designed in the form of the locking connection. The difficult final assembly of an otherwise necessary other spring is no longer necessary. The result is a convincing simplification.

23 shows a further embodiment of the device 1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 The intermediate position is shown on the left and the end position is shown on the right.

In this embodiment, the deformable spacer comprises 4th a snap connection, also referred to as a snap rivet, snap-clip, expanding clip. Snap connections are rivet-like clips. They are usually used to attach attachments and are made of plastic.

A rivet head is formed on the snap connection, the spring effect of which is achieved by simple curvature of the inner surface. The snap connection consists of resilient shaft halves, which are pressed together during assembly into the opposite component, then spread apart again. Due to this special design, it is used where there are only bores, holes or cutouts in the opposite part, here the first component B1 , be available.

Alternatively, the snap connection can be designed like an expanding pin. The oversize of the expansion pin causes a pressure against the borehole wall of the first component B1 . Due to its basic shape, the snap connection is elastically deformable and can be compressed.

The snap connection is as in 23 shown on the first component B1 or in other embodiments on the base element 5 and / or on the fastening element 7th arranged so that the deformable spacer realized thereby 4th between the first component B1 and the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th is arranged and acts. Basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected or made in one piece. The snap connection comprises in particular a snap connection element and a bore in which the snap connection element is movably and / or deformably arranged. This hole is, as in 23 shown on the first component B1 or in other embodiments on the base element 5 and / or on the fastening element 7th arranged. For example, there would also be an arrangement on the second component B2 or compensation element 8th possible.

According to a further embodiment, the snap connection is provided with lead-in chamfers for better handling and assembly, so that its end is in the first component B1 or alternatively in the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th can be mounted or clamped. The quartered shaft halves get caught. To improve the engagement between the snap connection and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

The deformable spacer designed as a snap connection 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as malleable, in particular resilient spacers between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as a snap connection 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as a snap connection deforms 4th and is thereby in particular through the bore in which it is arranged, here in the first component B1 , pushed through or pushed harder into this hole.

The influence of the snap connection is used in this embodiment in that different shaping options are used to implement different installation space conditions and to bridge a greater distance. In addition, discs and / or intermediate bodies can be interposed to bridge a greater distance, since the shaft halves can be made very long. The snap connections are used where space is limited.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the deformable spacer comprises 4th an inserted spiral spring, also referred to as a leaf spring, spring element, self-supporting bending beam or resilient bending beam, or is designed as such.

The inserted spiral spring is idealized in a simplified way as a bending beam clamped on one side with a rectangular cross-section. The low shear stiffness of the plastics already meets the requirements for a flexible spring design on the part of the material. It can also be made of natural or synthetic rubber.

This self-supporting bending beam is, for example, in the basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th and / or in the first component B1 joined. The deformable spacer formed in this way 4th is thus between the first component B1 and basic element 5 and / or fastening element 7th arranged and in particular coaxial with the base element 5 aligned. Basic element 5 and fastener 7th are firmly connected to one another or formed in one piece.

Due to its basic shape, the inserted spiral spring is elastically deformable and can be compressed.

To improve the engagement between the inserted spiral spring and the first component B1 and / or to bridge a greater distance, a spacer body can also be attached to one of the first components B1 be arranged facing side.

According to a further embodiment, the inserted spiral spring is designed for better handling and assembly so that its end is in the base element 5 and / or the fastening element 7th or in the first component B1 can be mounted or clamped. For example, on the component on which the spiral spring is arranged, that is, for example, on the base element 5 and / or fastening element 7th or on the first component B1 , and chamfers, radii, bevels, curves and / or other broken edges are formed on the inserted spiral spring as an insertion aid. The inserted spiral spring is in particular provided with an incision offset perpendicular to its axis, so that it can be joined more easily.

The deformable spacer designed as an inserted spiral spring 4th serves initially, as above, for the deformable spacer 4th generally described as a deformable, in particular resilient, spacer between the tolerance compensation device 2 and the first component B1 . After the compensation process has ended and the intermediate position has been reached, the screw element 6th tightened with an increasing associated tightening torque, the deformability still available, in particular compressibility, of the deformable spacer designed as an inserted spiral spring 4th it is ensured that a relative movement between the first component B1 and the tolerance compensation device 2 and thus between the first component B1 and the second component B2 as well as between the first component B1 and third component B3 is possible, whereby the sealing arrangement 3 between the first component B1 and third component B3 can be pressed until the end position is reached. Under the action of the axial force of the screw element 6th the deformable spacer designed as an inserted spiral spring is deformed 4th .

The inserted spiral spring is easy to manufacture. In addition, the inserted spiral spring can be used in particular where there is limited installation space.

List of reference symbols

1

contraption

2

Tolerance compensation device

3

Sealing arrangement

4th

deformable spacer

5

Basic element

6th

Screw element

7th

Fastener

8th

Compensation element

9

Driving element

10

opening

11

Plant section

12th

admission

13th

Retaining element

14th

Holding structure

A1

first distance

A2

second distance

B1

first component

B2

second component

B3

third component

L.

Longitudinal central axis

s

Movement path

Claims (16)

Device (1) for fastening a first component (B1) comprising a sealing arrangement (3) to a second component (B2) by means of a screw element (6) and for pressing the sealing arrangement (3) between the first component (B1) and one in one fixed distance to the second component (B2) arranged third component (B3), with - A tolerance compensation device (2) for compensating for tolerances between the second component (B2) and the first component (B1) resting on the third component (B3) with an unpressed sealing arrangement (3) and - A deformable spacer (4) which is designed and arranged in such a way that after tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component (B1) can be moved in the direction of the second component (B2) by means of the screw element (6). Device (1) according to Claim 1 , the tolerance compensation device (2) comprising: - a hollow cylindrical base element (5) which defines a longitudinal center axis (L), - a hollow cylindrical compensation element (8) which is in thread engagement with the base element (5), and - a fastening element (7) for Arranging the tolerance compensation device (2) on the first component (B1). Device (1) according to Claim 2 , wherein the fastening element (7) is firmly connected to the base element (5) or is formed in one piece with it. Device (1) according to Claim 2 or 3 , wherein the fastening element (7) comprises at least one holding structure (14), in particular a mounting clip, for arranging the tolerance compensation device (2) on the first component (B1), in particular by clipping in the at least one mounting clip on the first component (B1), in particular for fixed, in particular immovable, connection of the tolerance compensation device (2) to the first component (B1) or to the limitedly movable connection of the tolerance compensation device (2) to the first component (B1), in particular parallel to the longitudinal center axis (L). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 2 to 4th - The compensating element (8) can be moved from a starting position into a compensating position by rotating it relative to the base element (5), - the screw element extending through an inner cavity of the base element (5) and an inner cavity of the compensating element (8) (6) is provided for screwing to the first component (B1), - a driver element (9) is arranged in the inner cavity of the compensating element (8), which is in frictional engagement with the screw element (6) passed through the cavities in such a way that a torque exerted by the screw element (6) can be transmitted to the compensating element (8). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deformable spacer (4) is at least partially plastically deformable. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deformable spacer (4) is axially and / or radially deformable. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the first component (B1) and / or the second component (B2) and / or the third component (B3). Device (1) according to Claim 8 , wherein the third component (B3) is arranged between the first component (B 1) and the second component (B2) and with the second component (B2) is connected, wherein the tolerance compensation device (2) is arranged in the area of an opening (10) in the third component (B2) between the first component (B1) and the third component (B3) and, after the tolerance compensation has taken place, the first component (B1) is arranged in an intermediate position in which it rests against the third component (B3) with the unpressed sealing arrangement (3) and can be moved in the direction of the second component (B2) by means of the screw element (6). Device (1) according to Claim 9 , wherein after the first component (B1) has been moved by means of the screw element (6) in the direction of the second component (B2) up to an end stop, the first component (B1) is arranged in an end position in which it corresponds to that between the first component (B1) and the third component (B3) pressed sealing arrangement (3) rests on the third component (B3) and is supported on the second component (B2) via the tolerance compensation device (2). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one holding element (13) which is used to hold the first component (B1) movable in the direction of the second component (B2) and with its unpressed sealing arrangement (3) resting on the third component (B1) ) is provided on the third component (B3). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deformable spacer (4) - Is integrated in the tolerance compensation device (2), or - Between the tolerance compensation device (2) and the first component (B1) or between the tolerance compensation device (2) and the second component (B2) is arranged or provided for the arrangement or - Is formed by the tolerance compensation device (2) and the first component (B1) or by the tolerance compensation device (2) and the second component (B2) or is intended for training. Device (1) according to one of the Claims 2 to 12th , wherein the deformable spacer (4) - is arranged on the base element (5) and / or on the fastening element (7), in particular in a contact area provided for contact with the first component (B1), or - is arranged on the compensating element (8), in particular on a contact section (11) provided for contact with the second component (B2), or - is formed by the base element (5) and the fastening element (7), in particular by the base element (5) and the fastening element (7) being designed together of the deformable spacer (4) are formed. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deformable spacer (4) - Is arranged on the first component (B1) or on the second component (B2), or - is formed or can be formed by the first component (B1) and the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular its base element (5) and / or fastening element (7), by the first component (B1) and the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular whose base element (5) and / or fastening element (7) are shaped for the common formation of the deformable spacer (4), or - is formed or can be formed by the second component (B2) and the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular their compensation element (8), by the second component (B2) and the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular their base element (5) and / or fastening element (7) are shaped for the common formation of the deformable spacer (4). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deformable spacer (4) is designed or can be designed as an interference fit and / or as a force-fit connection and / or as a material connection and / or as a form-fit connection, in particular with a predetermined breaking point to dissolve the form fit, between - The base element (5) and the fastening element (7), in particular in that the base element (5) and the fastening element (7) are formed for the common formation of the interference fit and / or the form-fitting connection, or - the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular its base element (5) and / or fastening element (7), and the first component (B1), in particular in that the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular its base element (5) and / or fastening element (7) , and the first component (B1) are formed for the common formation of the interference fit and / or the form-fitting connection, or - the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular its compensation element (8), and the second component (B2), in particular by the tolerance compensation device (2), in particular its compensation element (8), and the second component (B2) for the common formation of the interference fit and / or the form-fitting connection are formed. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformable spacer (4) is integral with at least one other component of the device (1), in particular the tolerance compensation device (2), is designed, in particular as a cast part, in particular as an injection molded part.

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