DE102016223009A1 - Bearing device, and electrical machine including such a storage device and manufacturing method of such a storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing device (100), and an electric machine (10) and a method for producing such a bearing device (100), for supporting a rotatable shaft (20) by means of a bearing component (201), wherein the bearing component (201) has a round outer contour (208) and is arranged in a bearing seat (55) which has, as an inner contour (209), a plurality of flat bearing seat surfaces (204) on which the round outer contour (208) bears radially with abutment regions (211), characterized in that on the bearing seat (55) in the peripheral regions between the contact areas (211) axial stops (212) are formed, on which the bearing member (201) is axially supported.

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a storage device, and an electric machine including such a storage device and a manufacturing method of such a storage device according to the preamble of the independent claims.

With the DE 102 009 003 230 A1 a device for supporting a shaft has become known, in which a round outer contour of a bearing body is inserted into a hexagonal inner contour of a bearing seat. In such a bearing device with a few defined radial contact surfaces, the problem is that in the formation of an axial stop for the bearing body the defined radial contact surfaces are impaired, this leads to tolerance variations in the production of the bearing device, which can lead to a non-circular running of the mounted shaft ,

Disclosure of the invention

Advantages of the invention

The bearing device according to the invention and the electric machine include such a bearing device and the inventive method for producing such a bearing device with the features of the independent claims, have the advantage that by arranging the axial stops for the bearing component in the peripheral regions where the bearing component does not bear radially on the bearing seat, a storage devices robust against tolerance fluctuations can be realized. The formation of the axial stops does not lead to an unwanted deformation of the defined planar bearing seat surfaces in the region of the radial contact areas of the outer contour of the bearing component.

The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the given in the dependent claims embodiments are possible. Preferably, the axial stops are arranged in peripheral regions, at which the flat bearing seat surfaces intersect at least theoretically. The arrangement of the axial stops at these intersections, these are maximally removed, from the contact areas of the outer contour of the flat bearing seat surfaces. However, the peripheral areas of the intersections may also be rounded.

Preferably, the flat bearing seat surfaces form a kind of polygonal pull, in which the flat bearing seat surfaces form an angle to each other and two adjacent bearing seat surfaces each form a corner with each other. The contact areas are arranged in the circumferential direction at regular intervals on the inner contour of the bearing seat. Such an inner contour of the bearing seat can be formed very advantageously by means of a corresponding tool mandrel, which is pressed into a stamped and bent part.

The axial stops process technology can be very favorable formed by the plastic deformation of the inner contour of the bearing seat. In this case, the wall material of the bearing seat can be deformed at its axial end such that radially inwardly extending webs are formed.

Particularly advantageously, such a bearing seat can be formed on a bearing plate in which the rotor shaft of an electric motor is mounted. In this case, the rotor shaft can be mounted at one end on the housing bottom of a Polgehäuses and on the opposite side of the rotor in the bearing plate, which is fixed to the open end of the pole housing. If the bearing plate is produced as a bent stamped part from sheet metal, the bearing seat can be formed in one process step simultaneously with the shaping of the bearing plate. In this case, a polygonal tool mandrel is preferably pressed axially into the sheet in a central recess in the bearing plate, whereby an angular sleeve-shaped axial extension of the bearing plate is formed for the bearing seat. The shape of the polygonal tool mandrel can be varied in a simple manner to form a desired number of flat bearing seat surfaces.

By attaching the outer edge of the bearing plate on the pole housing of the bearing seat can be centered quite accurately in the pole housing. The bearing seat is enclosed by a closed annular surface of the bearing plate, which ensures reliable positioning of the bearing seat. The transition from the closed ring to the sleeve-shaped bearing seat can be formed by means of the tool mandrel with a corresponding radius, which stabilizes the connection of the axial sleeve to the annular surface. The shape of the sleeve can be formed according to the tool mandrel used with a corresponding number of flat bearing seat surfaces whose intersection points are more or less angular or round in the circumferential direction.

To form the axial stops material of the bearing plate in the peripheral region between the flat bearing seat surfaces can be transformed in a further embossing step, so that this material overlaps radially with the round outer contour of the bearing component. This can be conveniently realized by means of a stamp, the material in the area the radius between the sleeve of the bearing seat and the annular surface presses radially inwards. This results in the corners of the bearing seat radial webs on which the bearing member is axially supported.

In order to form a defined axial abutment surface, stamping tools are pressed particularly advantageously from both axial sides of the annular surface against each other, whereby the abutment surface can be formed approximately perpendicular to the bearing axis.

The bearing device according to the invention is particularly advantageous for the use of a rolling bearing - in particular a ball bearing - with an inner ring and an outer ring, since such a rolling bearing is particularly sensitive to radial deformation when pressed into the bearing seat. The fact that the outer contour of the bearing component is not pressed over the entire circumference in the inner contour of the bearing seat, but only at certain investment areas, the radial contact force can be selectively influenced on the outer bearing ring. The arrangement of the axial stops between the contact areas is also avoided that the outer ring is exposed to an impermissible radial load.

Manufacturing technology, it is particularly advantageous to first form the axial stops on the bearing seat and then insert the bearing member axially from the free end of the bearing seat sleeve. In this case, the bearing component can be pressed axially until it is axially supported directly on the axial stops. Thereafter, the bearing plate with the inserted bearing component can be pushed onto the shaft. Alternatively, the axial stops can be shaped only after the bearing component has been inserted into the bearing seat. In this case, the wall material of the bearing seat can be pressed directly against form-fitting axially against the bearing component. The bearing device is advantageously designed as an axially movable bearing in which the shaft remains axially displaceable in the inner ring of the bearing component.

In order to achieve a defined positioning of the bearing component in the radial, as well as in the axial direction, the bearing seat can be easily conical. This is for example made with a tapered tool mandrel whose side walls are slightly inclined relative to the bearing axis. As a result, for example, a three-point support of the bearing component can be realized in the bearing seat.

Particularly preferably, the bearing seat has exactly three, or exactly six flat bearing seating surfaces against which the outer contour lies in a defined manner. A related tool mandrel can be relatively easily varied, for example by means of grinding, so that the concentricity of the bearing seat can be relatively easily nagebessert. In the case of three defined contact areas, the exact radial positioning is advantageous. However, the formation of six defined flat bearing seat surfaces has the advantage that in addition to a precise centering a stronger interference fit can be generated.

The bearing device according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously for an electric motor, in which a bearing plate is arranged on the axially open side of a pole housing. In this case, the bearing plate attached to its outer circumference on the pole housing and preferably also be centered. For example, the bearing plate made of sheet metal can be welded firmly to the pole housing. With this arrangement, the bearing device in the center of the bearing plate is reliably centered in the pole housing even with high vibrations and large temperature fluctuations in order to ensure smooth running of the rotor.

If the bearing component designed as a roller bearing with an outer and an inner ring, an axial spring can be clamped between the inner ring and the rotor of the electric motor, which eliminates the axial bearing clearance of the rolling bearing. The outer ring is secured by the axial stops against displacement and the inner ring axially urged by the spring force against the outer ring with a force that eliminates the axial play of the rolling elements - in particular bearing balls.

In the manufacturing process of the bearing seat according to the invention, the axial stops can be formed in the same manufacturing device during the manufacture of the bearing plate by means of stamping and bending. For this purpose, the material deformation is carried out at the axial edge of the bearing seat by means of an additional punch.

list of figures

• 1 ein Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine,
• 2 eine Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Lagerschild, wie dies in 1 verbaut sein kann, und
• 3 einen Axialschnitt durch eine Lagervorrichtung gemäß 2

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

• 1 a section through a first embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention,
• 2 a plan view of an inventive bearing plate, as shown in 1 can be installed, and
• 3 an axial section through a bearing device according to 2

1 shows an embodiment of a fully assembled electric machine 10 in which a stator 16 in a housing 14 an electric machine 10 is used. In this case, the stator 16 coil carrier 36 on, for example, as individual segments 62 are formed separately, and with electrical windings 17 are wound. The housing is used 14 as a pole pot 15 , which provides a magnetic inference for the electrical windings 17 forms. The pole pot 15 has a flange at its open end 32 on, are placed on the other components. In the embodiment according to 1 has the pole pot 15 on its bottom surface 40 an opening through which a rotor shaft 20 protrudes to a torque of the electric machine 10 via an output element 64 to be transmitted to an unillustrated transmission element. At the bottom surface 40 is a first camp admission 70 formed in which a first rolling bearing 72 is inserted. The inner part 73 of the first rolling bearing 72 is fixed to the rotor shaft 20 connected. Thus, the first rolling bearing forms 72 - Preferably a ball bearing - a fixed bearing for the rotor 18 , The rotor 18 has a rotor body 65 on, the permanent magnets 68 carries that with the electrical windings 17 interact. The rotor body 65 consists, for example, of individual, stacked laminations 66 in which recesses 67 for the permanent magnets 68 punched out. The coil wire ends 19 the windings 17 protrude in the axial direction 4 over the electric coils 63 out. A circuit board 22 is axially on the stator 16 put on, taking a plastic body 21 protruding ladder elements 23 at mounting sections 25 with the coil wire of the coils 63 are connected. In this case, the electrical connections between the coil wire and the mounting portions 25 formed for example by welding, soldering or crimping. In the described embodiment have exactly three conductor elements 23 one connection pin each 26 for the phases U, V and W. The plastic body 21 supports in the axial direction 4 over molded spacers 42 at the stator 16 from. The spacers 42 the wiring board 22 are formed on the radially outer edge. In the exemplary embodiment are the spacers 42 on the coil carrier elements 36 on which the electrical windings 17 are wound. The coil carrier elements 36 are here as individual segments 62 for each coil 63 educated. It is on the coil carrier elements 36 one insulating mask each 61 for the electrical windings 17 radially inside the spacers 42 arranged. The plastic body 21 is annular, so that in its central recess 44 the rotor shaft 20 of the rotor 18 can protrude into a storage device 100 a bearing plate 54 is held.

The bearing plate 54 is axially above the wiring plate 22 arranged, and is at its radially outer edge with the pole pot 15 welded. The bearing plate 54 has a sleeve-shaped bearing seat 55 on, the axially into the middle recess 44 the wiring board 22 intervenes. In the camp seat 55 is as a bearing component 201 a second rolling bearing 56 received, by means of which the rotor shaft 20 rotatable in the stator 16 is stored. The second rolling bearing 56 is designed for example as a ball bearing and provides a floating bearing for the rotor 18 This is an outer ring 58 of the second rolling bearing 56 rotatably in the bearing seat 55 and the inner ring 57 axially displaceable on the rotor shaft 20 attached. The second rolling bearing 56 is axially in the same plane as the wiring plate 22 arranged so that the electric machine 10 in the axial direction 4 is very compact. The bearing plate 54 has in the exemplary embodiment individual radial webs 59 on, between them as receptacles 27 trained attachment sections 25 protrude axially upwards. In holes 35 the receiving sleeves 27 are coil wire ends 19 the coils 63 inserted, for example, in the axial direction 4 slightly upwards over the receiving sleeve 27 - And preferably on the end plate 54 - stand out. Likewise, the connection pins extend 26 from the plastic body 21 through the bearing plate 54 through to with appropriate contacts 30 of the connector 37 can be connected. In section through the plastic body 21 are connecting sections 24 different conductor elements 23 recognizable in cross section. The flattened cross sections are both with respect to the axial direction 4 , as well as with respect to the radial direction 3 staggered to each other. As a result, for example, four individual conductor elements 23 in exactly two axial planes 8th . 9 to be ordered. In the sectional view are axial channels 28 in the plastic body 21 to see the holding tools for the ladder elements 23 in the injection molding tool. The wiring board 22 is used for vibration damping of axial spring means 246 from the end shield 54 axially down against the bobbins 36 pressed. The spring means 246 For example, are formed as an axial spring ring, which is the rotor shaft 20 encloses. The spring ring is preferred as a wave washer 250 formed, which are axially on the bearing plate 54 and on the wiring plate 22 supported. The spring means 246 generates an axial preload, which is the wiring plate 22 also keeps a high position over a wide temperature range and with large shaking loads. By training the spring means 246 independent of the end shield 54 The elasticity of the material can be optimally adapted to the temperature differences and the accelerations occurring. The rotor 18 is axially opposite the second rolling bearing 56 by means of a compression spring 86 biased. The compression spring 86 supported on the one hand on the rotor body 65 and on the other hand on the inner ring 57 of the second rolling bearing 56 to compensate for the bearing clearance

Above the bearing plate 54 is a plug housing 33 arranged on which a not closer illustrated external connector 37 for powering the electrical machine 10 is arranged. On the connector housing 33 are on the inside 39 the electrical contacts 30 arranged with the connection pins 26 the wiring board 22 are connected. The wiring board 22 is with both the coil wire ends 19 as well as with the electrical contacts 30 of the connector 37 connected is. For example, the electrical contacts extend 30 as contact tabs 34 axially down so that they are immediately adjacent to the connection pins 26 are arranged and then welded together, for example. To the correct location of the connection pins 26 in the circumferential direction 2 to ensure has both the wiring plate 22 opposite the stator 16 as well as opposite the end shield 54 positioning elements 104 on, which interact with corresponding counter-elements. Likewise, the connector housing 33 opposite the end shield 54 by means of a rotation lock ( 103 . 102 ). In the connector housing 33 is a sensor element 74 attached, that with a signaler 75 on the rotor shaft 20 cooperates to detect their rotor position. This is done after mounting the end shield 54 a magnet holder 78 at the free end 80 the rotor shaft 20 Pressed, the one sensor magnet 76 receives. Its rotating magnetic field is from the sensor element 74 recorded as a high-resolution magnetic field sensor 77 is trained. On the connector housing 33 is a metal lid 81 joined, at the flange 32 of the pole pot 15 is tightly welded. Both the connector housing 33 as well as the metal lid 81 each have a circular peripheral wall 82 . 83 on, which are arranged radially side by side. Between the connector housing 33 and the inner wall of the metal lid 81 is a radial seal 84 pressed in, the electric machine 10 to the connection plug 37 seals off. Furthermore, between the connector housing 33 and the metal lid 81 an axial spring element 85 arranged, which is the connector housing 33 axially against the flange 32 of the pole pot 15 pressed.

In 2 is a storage device 100 shown in which a bearing component 201 in a warehouse seat 55 is inserted. The bearing seat 55 is in the end shield 54 formed, which has a closed annular surface 202 having, in embodiments radially outward radial webs 59 extend, with which the bearing plate 54 on the housing 14 the electric machine 10 is attached. The bearing seat 55 is as a sleeve-shaped axial extension 203 formed, extending from the approximately flat annular surface 202 extends. The bearing seat 55 has several flat bearing seating surfaces 204 on, one another at an angle 205 in the circumferential direction. Between the flat bearing surfaces 204 are in their imaginary intersections 207 rounded edges 206 formed, which is a radial distance 210 to the outer contour 208 of the bearing component 201 exhibit. The bearing component 201 lies only in the area of flat storage areas 204 with investment areas 211 radially on the inner contour 209 of the bearing seat 55 at. In the circumferential direction between the investment areas 211 , indicates the outer contour 208 the radial distance 210 to the inner contour 209 on. In these areas, the scope of the theoretical intersections 207 the flat bearing seats 204 are axial stops 212 molded, on which the bearing component 201 axially supported. The axial stops 212 are formed by material forming, as better in 3 is apparent. The sleeve-shaped extension 203 of the bearing seat 55 is over a curved radius 213 with the ring surface 202 of the end shield 54 connected. This radius 213 For example, during deep drawing, or when impressing a tool mandrel in a central recess of the bearing plate 54 formed. Here is the end shield 54 manufactured as a sheet metal stamping made of sheet metal, on which also simply the plastic material transformations of the axial stops 212 can be made. On the right side of the 3 is a section through an axial stop 212 shown in the material from the radius 213 radially inwardly formed, so that a radial Anlagease 215 formed. Such an axial stop 212 For example, can be formed with an embossing die, the axially from above to the radius 213 in the direction of the sleeve-shaped extension 203 suppressed. In the exemplary embodiment, the axial stop 212 a defined axial stop surface 222 on, at the bearing component 201 axially in direct contact. So that this axial stop surface 222 approximately perpendicular to the bearing axis 4 extends, is in the formation of the radial stop 212 from the free edge 223 of the sleeve-shaped extension 203 introduced a counter punch, so that the radial Anlagease 215 is deformed radially inwardly between the two punches. In the area of axial stops 212 lies the outer contour 208 not radially on the inner contour 209 of the bearing seat 55 but indicates the distance 210 on. This prevents that by forming the axial stop 212 the flat bearing surfaces 204 be deformed. In 3 it can be seen that only the outer ring 58 of the second rolling bearing 56 axially on the axial stops 212 is applied. The inner ring 57 will be like in 1 described by means of a spring force in the axial direction 4 against the outer ring 58 braced to the axial play between the outer ring 58 and the inner ring 57 to eliminate. The second rolling bearing 56 is designed here as a ball bearing, in which the bearing balls 230 radially between the outer ring 58 and the inner ring 57 are arranged. The second rolling bearing 56 Closes in the assembled state approximately with the free end 223 of the sleeve-shaped extension 203 flush off.

In the execution according to 2 has the bearing seat 55 For example, six flat bearing seats 204 on, so the bearing seat 55 approximately forms a hexagonal traverse. Accordingly, the outer contour is 208 with six evenly spaced plant areas 211 on the inner contour 209 of the bearing seat 55 at. The axial stops 212 are in the circumferential direction only in every second intersection 207 between the flat bearing surfaces 204 educated. Here are the axial stops 212 also distributed uniformly over the circumference.

In 2 it can be seen that on the end plate 54 radially extending beads 225 are formed, which are the radial webs 59 stiffen. As a result, an axially and radially reliable positioning of the bearing component 201 guaranteed. At the camp sign 54 Furthermore, the positive locking elements of the anti-rotation device are 102 to the connector housing 33 and the positive-locking elements 104 to the circuit board 22 in the axial direction 4 educated.

Such an electric machine 10 is particularly suitable for the arrangement in the engine compartment of a motor vehicle, in particular for direct attachment to the engine block of the vehicle. The electric machine 10 is preferably used in a transmission drive unit as an engine compartment plate, for example, for adjusting moving parts or operating pumps. The storage device according to the invention 100 is particularly robust against external vibrations and shock loads as well as against temperature fluctuations.

It should be noted that, with regard to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures and in the description, a variety of possible combinations of the individual features are possible with one another. For example, the geometry and the concrete design of the bearing plate 54 be varied and the shape and design of the wiring board 22 and their conductor elements 23 , as well as the connector housing 33 be adjusted. The number of flat bearing surfaces 204 and the axial stops 212 can be adapted to the requirements regarding the vibration resistance. Instead of a ball bearing can also be a needle bearing or a sliding bearing by means of the bearing device according to the invention 100 be attached.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009003230 A1

Claims (15)

Bearing device (100) for supporting a rotatable shaft (20) by means of a bearing component (201), wherein the bearing component (201) has a round outer contour (208) and is arranged in a bearing seat (55), which is used as inner contour ( 209) has a plurality of planar bearing seat surfaces (204) on which the round outer contour (208) bears radially with contact areas (211), characterized in that axial stops (212) are formed on the bearing seat (55) in circumferential areas between the contact areas (211), where the bearing component (201) is supported axially. Storage device (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the axial stops (212) are arranged at imaginary intersection points (207) of the flat bearing seat surfaces (204) - and in particular in the peripheral region of the contact areas (211) no axial stops (212) are formed. Storage device (100) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the flat bearing seat surfaces (204) of the inner contour (209) form a polygon, wherein in corners (206) of the traverse the axial stops (212) are formed. Bearing device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial stops (212) are formed by plastic material deformation at one axial end (224, 223) of the bearing seat (55). Bearing device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing seat (55) is arranged in a bearing plate (54) which terminates a pole housing (15) of an electrical machine (10), and the bearing component (201). as a shaft (20) receives a rotor shaft of a pole housing (15) mounted rotor (18). Bearing device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing plate (54) is formed as a bending punched part of sheet metal, wherein the inner contour (209) of the bearing seat (55) is formed by means of a polygonal tool mandrel. Bearing device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing plate (54) has a transverse to the shaft (20) arranged annular surface (202), in the middle of the bearing seat (55) as an angular sleeve-shaped extension (203) in the axial direction (4) with a free axial end (223) is formed, wherein at the transition from the annular surface (202) to the polygonal sleeve-shaped extension (203) has a radius (213) is integrally formed. Bearing device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial stops (212) are integrally formed on the radius (213), whereby material of the radius (213) is deformed radially inwards to form a radial web (215) , Bearing device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the axial pressing of a stamping die from the annular surface (202) forth a counter punch in the free end (223) of the angular sleeve-shaped extension (203) is introduced to a defined stop surface ( 222) of the axial stop (212). Storage device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing member (201) as a rolling bearing (56) with an outer ring (58) and an inner ring (57) is formed, wherein the outer ring (58) in the inner contour (209) is pressed, and the outer ring (58) axially directly against the axial stops (212), in particular the bearing member (201) from the free end (223) of the angular sleeve-shaped extension (203) axially into the bearing seat (55 ) is inserted before then the shaft (20) in the inner ring (57) is inserted. Storage device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing seat (55) - in particular over the entire axial extent (226) of the bearing component (201) - is conical, and preferably by means of a polygonal tool mandrel with the Axial direction (4) inclined side surfaces is formed. Bearing device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner contour (209) has exactly three or exactly six flat bearing seat surfaces (204) on which the outer contour (208) of the bearing component (201) with contact areas (211). radially abuts. Electric machine (10) having a stator (16) and a rotor (18), and a bearing device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bearing plate (54) at its radially outer edge (228) on the stator (16 ) - in particular on the pole housing (15) - is fixed. Electric machine (10) after Claim 13 , characterized in that the bearing device (100) is designed as an axially movable bearing, and between the rotor (18) and the inner ring (57) of the bearing member (201) an axial spring element (86) is arranged, the spring force of the inner ring ( 57) axially braced against the outer ring (58) of the bearing component (201). Method for producing a bearing device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 12 , wherein the axial stops (212) with at least one punch tool on the inner contour (209) of the bearing seat (55) - in particular at its axial ends (223, 224) - are formed.

Images