DE102015219446B3 - Shell construction plant with adjustable equipment tables at at least one set-up station and method for producing two mutually different manufacturing components in a shell construction plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates in particular to a shell construction plant for producing two mutually different production components, wherein depending on the manufactured component at least one component of a first type (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) or at least one component of a second type of shell construction plant (R) is supplied and processed. According to the invention, it is provided that a first device table (VT1a, VT2a) of the shell construction plant (R) is translationally provided with at least one first type-specific device (V1a, V1b, V2) for a component (BT1a, BT1b; BT2) from a supply area (Z1, Z2 ) and the shell construction plant (R) has at least one further, second device table (VT1b, VT2b), which with at least one second type-specific device for a component of a second type translationally from the set-up station (RP1b, RP2b) in the feed area (Z1 , Z2) is adjustable after the first device table (VT1a, VT2a) has been moved out of the feed area (Z1, Z2).

Description

The invention relates to a shell construction plant according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing two mutually different manufacturing components in a shell construction plant.

In shell manufacturing plants usually automated manufacturing components are produced using multiple industrial robots, such as motor vehicle doors. In this case, successive components are supplied to the shell construction plant at at least one feed region of a feed station, which components then yield a production component by further processing or which are assembled to form a production component. Here, different forming and / or joining processes are implemented within the shell manufacturing plant to ultimately produce the desired manufacturing component from the supplied component or several components supplied. One example is the production of a body component from one or more structural components, for example a vehicle door from a door inner panel supplied to the shell construction facility or a door frame structure and an outer door panel supplied in parallel to the shell construction facility.

In order to make the best possible use of a shell construction plant, these have recently been used for the production of mutually different production components. In this case, the industrial robots used the system can be equipped with different tools and / or grippers and a flow control accordingly programmable to be able to produce another manufacturing component within the same shell manufacturing plant. However, in order to be able to switch over the shell manufacturing plant between the production of different manufacturing components, a complex conversion is often necessary. During the conversion period, the shell construction plant is completely idle. However, such downtimes are extremely undesirable, especially from a cost point of view.

To minimize such conversion times suggests, for example, the EP 1 100 715 B1 prior to design a single shell manufacturing plant in advance for the production of two different manufacturing components by this is provided for each manufactured component a separate feed station with a rotatable device table. Depending on which production component is to be produced, a component of a first type or of a second type is deposited by a worker on the respectively associated apparatus table and selectively gripped by an industrial robot in order to produce a first or second model of a production component therefrom. At the time of the EP 1 100 715 B1 However, known Rohbaufertigungsanlage is disadvantageous that depending on the number of mutually different models of manufacturing components a corresponding number of feed stations must be provided so that the system takes up comparatively much space. In addition, a conversion at a feed station for the production of another model is only possible if no components of an associated type are more fed to this feed station, but possibly at the other feed station. The flexibility in the conversion is thus limited in this solution.

From the EP 2 149 422 A1 For example, a shell construction plant with a feed station is known, which has a single rotatably mounted device table. Depending on the model of the production component to be produced, various device-specific devices can be attached to this device table. By means of these devices, a type of component which belongs to the respective model of the production component to be produced can each be held in accordance with its intended purpose, so that this component can be further processed as intended by a plurality of industrial robots. Due to the rotatability of the device table, a worker can already deposit a new component on a component-type-specific device at a feed region of the supply station, while on an opposite side of the device table a previously placed component of several industrial robots is taken as part of a transfer device from the device of the device table and on is processed. Was taken on the opposite side of a component for further processing, the device table is rotated by 180 ° and the empty device can be re-equipped with a new component.

For a change in order to be able to produce another model of a production component via the shell construction plant, the devices arranged on the rotatable apparatus table must be exchanged, since these vary depending on the component type and have, for example, differently shaped and positioned hold-downs and / or tensioning elements. In order to ensure a quick change of devices, proposes the EP 2 149 422 A1 to supply the devices for another type of component via laterally arranged change stations the rotatable device table of the feed station. In this case, two devices of the same type are then brought once with already fixed thereto component and once without this already fixed component of two opposite sides of the rotatable device table. Before a model change, four devices are thus located on the rotatable device table within the feed station for two different types of components alternately before, so made by a single rotation of the device table by 90 °, a device for the new type of component to be used by the worker and the previously used devices can be moved to the change stations. In the subsequent normal operation of the device table is then rotated again only by 180 °, to supply to a device in the feed area intended placement of the component further processing.

At the time of the EP 2 149 422 A1 known Rohbaufertigungsanlage the changing stations for the interchangeable, different types of components associated devices via rotatable device tables, so turntables are formed. The device tables must therefore always be rotated in a certain position in order to be accessible to a set-up and to be able to set new devices for other types of components on them. In addition, the individual devices on the turntables of the change stations on the one hand must be able to be stored safely and on the other hand held so displaceable thereto that they can be moved to the rotatable device table of the feeder if necessary. But this makes a shell construction plant after the EP 2 149 422 A1 comparatively complex and costly to manufacture.

The DE 10 2006 030 427 B3 looks in analogy to EP 2 149 422 A1 Change stations via rotary tables, which are accessible on one side from the outside and thus define a set-up. When changing from a model to be produced a manufacturing component to another model a (receiving and clamping) device for a particular type of component by means of a separate loading table to a provided for the supply and further processing of components inside and not accessible to a worker device table is promoted instead of displacing the devices via a guide rail arrangement to the corresponding device table, as in EP 2 149 422 A1. In order to place a device to be further processed on a device of an internal, rotatable device table, from which then the manufactured component to be manufactured is manufactured, at least one separate industrial robot is provided. In this case, components of different types are stored in externally accessible type-specific memories. Each store has a feed area through which a worker can fill components of a particular type. From the memories, the components are automatically removed by means of at least one industrial robot and placed on a device of the inner, rotatable device table.

The DE 10 2006 030 427 B3 teaches thus to provide multiple feed stations on a shell construction plant for exchanged devices for different types of components on the one hand and for components to be replaced of different types on the other hand spatially separated. Furthermore, the device to be exchanged must first be fixed by a worker on a rotatable device table of a change station, from where the device is conveyed during a model change by means of a separate loading table to another device table, to be brought in turn from elsewhere to be machined components. This solution is therefore relatively expensive and takes up a lot of space.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to further improve a shell production plant and a related manufacturing process in order to obtain different production components by means of the shell construction plant, ie in particular different models of production components from different types of (raw) components to be supplied with relatively short set-up times and too moderate To be able to produce costs.

This object is achieved both with the shell construction plant of claim 1 and the method of claim 14.

• – mindestens eine Zuführstation mit mindestens einem ersten Vorrichtungstisch, der wenigstens eine von dem ersten Vorrichtungstisch entfernbare (d.h., hiermit lösbar verbundene und damit auswechselbare) erste bauteiltypspezifische Vorrichtung trägt, wobei die erste Vorrichtung eine Bauteilaufnahme für das Halten eines der Rohbaufertigungsanlage zuzuführenden Bauteils eines ersten Typs aufweist,
• – mindestens eine maschinelle, vorzugsweise mit wenigstens einem Industrieroboter ausgestattete Übergabeeinrichtung, mittels der ein an der ersten Vorrichtung gehaltenes Bauteil an der Zuführstation von der ersten Vorrichtung automatisch entnehmbar ist, um das Bauteil zu bearbeiten,
• – mindestens einen Zuführbereich an der Zuführstation, über den nach der Entnahme eines Bauteils von der Vorrichtung – beispielweise durch einen Werker manuell – ein neues Bauteil an der Vorrichtung platziert werden kann, und
• – mindestens einen Rüstplatz, an dem wenigstens eine zweite bauteiltypspezifische Vorrichtung mit einer Bauteilaufnahme für das Halten eines der Rohbaufertigungsanlage zuzuführenden Bauteils eines zweiten Typs vorbereitet werden kann, während in der Rohbaufertigungsanlage noch ein erstes Bauteil des ersten Typs bearbeitet wird.

According to the invention, a shell construction plant is proposed which comprises at least the following:

• At least one feed station having at least one first apparatus table carrying at least one first type-specific device removable from the first apparatus table (ie, releasably connected and thus interchangeable), the first apparatus comprising a component receptacle for holding a component of a first type to be supplied to the shell-building facility having,
• At least one mechanical transfer device, preferably equipped with at least one industrial robot, by means of which a component held on the first device can be automatically removed from the first device at the supply station in order to machine the component,
• At least one feed area at the feed station, via which a new component can be placed on the apparatus after removal of a component from the apparatus, for example by a worker manually, and
• - At least one set-up, on which at least one second component type-specific device with a component receptacle for holding one of Can be prepared ready-to-build production line component of a second type, while in the shell construction plant still a first component of the first type is processed.

In this case, the first device table with the at least one first component-type-specific device is translationally adjustable from the feed region-preferably to the one set-up station or to another set-up station. Furthermore, the shell construction facility has at least one further, second apparatus table, which is translatable with the at least one second component type-specific device from the setup station into the supply area after the first apparatus table has been moved out of the feed area.

The invention is thus based on the basic idea of providing two rectilinearly adjustable device tables, on each of which a device for the intended holding of a component of a specific type can be fixed. Here, therefore, not only a single device is adjusted to switch from one component type to the next, and thus to produce another model of a manufactured manufacturing component can. Rather, the entire device table is moved. In this way, the respective device table located on the set-up station can be equipped with the component-type-specific device and tested beforehand and optionally a component can already be positioned on this device, while still producing a production component based on a component of another type. If a different model of a production component is then produced at the shell construction plant and the device located at the supply station is exchanged for this, the production of another model can be almost seamlessly changed and the new device for the components of another type supplied at the supply station can be made accessible. After replacement of the device tables, the new device is then accessible via the feed area of the feed station in order to be able to place components of another component type thereon.

By way of example, a worker can place a component as intended on the component-type-specific device via the supply region, from which the component is then automatically taken from an industrial robot of the mechanical transfer device and sent for further processing within the shell manufacturing plant.

By the solution according to the invention a simpler process optimization can be achieved and given a higher degree of flexibility for the operation of the shell construction plant. In particular, a shell construction plant according to the invention is characterized by a greater flexibility with regard to the choice and the exchange of the type of device table. For example, a rotatable first device table can be easily replaced by a non-rotatable second device table. In any case, a conversion can be done during operation of the shell construction plant, since the complete, if necessary to be exchanged device table is present at a set-up. The retractable when needed by the set-up in the feed station and thus in the shell construction facility device table forms an accessible from outside the shell construction plant and pre-testable unit when a device for another type of component is mounted thereto. In this way, the device table with the device fixed thereon and, if appropriate, a component of a new component type already fixed thereto, can already be checked for intended function, fixation and / or alignment before a model change. In this way, it is possible to prevent the shell construction plant from being stopped due to disturbances that result, for example, from the erroneous fixing of a device to the device table within the supply station during a model change.

A shell construction plant according to the invention is preferably provided for producing a body component of a vehicle, for example a vehicle door. The shell construction plant can hereby be set up for the production of different models of vehicle doors, it being possible to convert the shell construction plant from one model to another model without stoppage of the plant and thus during operation by the at least two translatorily adjustable device tables. The planned changeover times are thus close to 0.

For further optimization, it is preferably provided that at least one further set-up station is provided, to which the first (exchanged) device table with the at least one first component-type-specific device is translationally adjustable from the feed region. Thus, in the variant of the supply station, two preferably spatially separate setup stations are provided, a first setup station serving to prepare the first apparatus table when the second device table is located at the feed section of the feed station and a second setup station serving to prepare the second apparatus table. while the first device table is at the feed area of the feed station. In one embodiment variant, the two set-up locations here are located on different (right and left) sides of a feed area of a feed station, so that both apparatus tables, preferably synchronously, to the left or to the right to move between the device tables at the feed station.

In order to support a rapid model change at the shell construction plant, the at least one further, second device table can be translatable from the setup station into the feed region together with the at least one second component-type-specific device and a component already placed thereon. During the model change, a component to be further processed is thus likewise supplied via the device table adjusted in the feed area. After this has been removed from the device by the mechanical transfer device, the second device is then loaded again regularly over the supply area with new components successively.

At least one closable gate can be provided at a set-up station, through which a device table can be adjusted in the opened state. Such a gate thus separates the feed area of the feed station from the set-up station. In this way, for example, no access to the feed area of the feed station is possible from the set-up station, while the device table present at the set-up station is re-equipped. This can be improved with relatively simple means work safety. An opening of a door to force a device table into the feed station and to drive it in response to a control signal may be used e.g. be made dependent on a test, if there is still a person at the set-up. Only when it has been determined via a sensor that no person (more) is at the set-up, an opening of the door and thus an exchange of the device tables is allowed.

Alternatively or additionally, a (further) closable gate can be provided, through which a component can be placed on the respective device located in the feed region in the opened state. Even such a goal contributes to an improvement in occupational safety bill. Thus, the machine transfer device can only remove a component placed as intended on the device after the gate to the supply area has been closed again and thus ensures that a person temporarily no longer has access to the device.

In one embodiment variant, the first and / or the second device table carries two first or two second devices with component receptacles for a respective component of the same type. The complete first and / or second apparatus table and / or at least one support part of the respective apparatus table provided for supporting the at least two first or two second apparatuses is then rotatably mounted. By rotating the complete device table or at least its carrier part, the one device of the device table can then be rotated from the feed region into a transfer region, at which the component is removed from the device by the transfer device. A device of the device table is thus accessible in each case for the placement of a component here on the supply area, while at the same time the other device of the device table for a component of the same type is accessible to the transfer device. By rotation of the device table or the carrier part in this case the positions of the devices can be exchanged. In such a variant, the first or second translationally adjustable device table is thus preferably designed as a turntable with at least two devices detachably fixed thereto.

In one embodiment, it is provided that not only the device can be prepared with a component holder and, for example, for the particular component type folding beds on a device located at the set-up station but also on the component-specific device and at least one gripper holder for a type-specific gripper of an industrial robot and / / or a tool holder is provided for a component type specific tool of an industrial robot. If the apparatus table is thus moved into the feed region, at least one gripper and / or at least one tool for an industrial robot of the transfer device are also kept at the changed device for a new model to be produced, in order to have at least one industrial robot of the system for handling and / or the Machining the new component type can be quickly and easily refilled. In the case of a model change and an associated change in the type of components to be processed, the transfer device is thus provided with at least one component-type-specific gripper and / or a component-type-specific tool by the device table coming from the set-up station. In one possible further development, a gripper no longer needed and / or a tool that was no longer needed was previously deposited on the device to be exchanged, so that this gripper and / or tool are removed from the shell construction plant during a device change and are not stored within the shell production plant have to.

In one embodiment, the shell construction plant comprises a plurality of feed areas, each with at least one set-up station and two translatorically adjustable device tables. Such can at the Shell construction facility at different locations in parallel or sequential (receiving and clamping) devices are replaced to change from the production of a model of a manufacturing component to another model. Thus, the shell manufacturing plant for manufacturing a manufacturing component, which is composed of at least two components (one type), set up and provided. For the supply of the two components, two feed stations are provided, each with a feed area, in each case at least one set-up station and in each case two translatorily adjustable device tables. For example, a motor vehicle door is composed of an outer door panel and a door inner panel or door outer panel and the door and / or window frame defining door frame structure, wherein the two sheets or the door frame structure and the additional sheet are loaded at different feed stations in the shell manufacturing plant.

In one embodiment variant, a guide rail arrangement is provided with a rail guide for the translatory adjustment of two apparatus tables, wherein this rail guide extends between a set-up station of a feed station and a set-up station of another feed station. The rail guide thus runs between two feed stations for two different components and provides a guideway along which at least partially both a device table of a feed station and a device table of the other feed station is displaceable. For example, if the device tables are located at the two preparation stations connected to one another via the rail guide, these device tables are located directly adjacent to one another and can thus be accommodated and converted in a limited space.

The shell construction plant has in one embodiment, at least two production lines, each with at least one workstation, each production line is assigned to a feed and then in the respective production line a withdrawn from the associated feed station component is editable before the two processing components are assembled to the manufacturing component. Thus, in each production line at least one industrial robot may be present, which carries out at least one joining process and / or at least one forming process on the respective component. For example, at a workstation of a production line, a fed component, such as a door frame structure or door inner panel, may be welded, riveted, folded and embossed prior to being fusion bonded to a door outer panel that has been welded and adhered to a workstation of a second production line.

In one embodiment, at least one additional feed station with two translatorily adjustable device tables is provided on the shell construction plant. The additional feed station preferably serves only to replace a device to which at least one component to be further processed is deposited within the shell manufacturing plant, but to which no component can be placed from the outside. Such a feed station thus does not form a feed region over which a worker deposits a separate component to be further processed in a device in order to feed it to the shell construction facility. Rather, such an additional feed station is then provided only for the supply of a required depending on the model of the manufacturing component to be manufactured within the shell manufacturing facility. Such a device has, for example, a folding bed, which varies depending on the model of the manufactured component.

By also such an additional feed station is equipped with two translatorically adjustable device tables, an additional conversion without loss of time can be made during operation of the shell construction plant. The new device is already prepared at the set-up station of the additional supply station and can then, if necessary, at the push of a button or on an automatically generated signal, are introduced into the shell manufacturing plant, preferably immediately after the device to be replaced for the last time for a previously manufactured manufacturing component was used.

In such a shell construction plant, it can also be provided, for example, that a conversion to another model of a production component to be produced has already taken place at a first and second supply station, via which components to be processed are supplied, while the apparatus subsequently used in the production process additional (third) feed station, the changeover takes place later in time, and preferably only after a last supplied component has passed the device used at the additional feed station. In such a variant, a changeover from one model of a production component to be manufactured to another model within the shell production plant thus takes place successively at different supply stations, which are assigned within the shell production plant, temporally successive handling and / or manufacturing steps.

• – ein Bauteil bestimmungsgemäß an der Vorrichtung platziert wurde und/oder
• – eine Vorrichtung bestimmungsgemäß an dem jeweiligen Vorrichtungstisch festgelegt wurde und/oder
• – der mit der Vorrichtung und/oder dem Bauteil korrespondierende Greifer und/oder das hiermit korrespondierende Werkzeug bestimmungsgemäß an der Vorrichtung oder dem Vorrichtungstisch abgelegt wurde.

In one embodiment, a test electronics is provided by means of which it is electronically detectable whether

• - A component was intended placed on the device and / or
• - A device was determined as intended to the respective device table and / or
• - The gripper corresponding to the device and / or the component and / or the tool corresponding thereto were intended to be deposited on the device or the device table.

Such a check is preferably carried out at a set-up station, so that any possible incorrect placement of the component or a malfunction of the device can be detected electronically even before the device is changed via the adjustable device tables. By means of the test electronics it is checked, for example, whether the component is properly aligned, tensioners provided on the apparatus are closed as intended and / or a component-type-specific gripper matching the component is placed on a gripper holder of the apparatus.

In a further development, it is provided that a corresponding test electronics is present at each feed station of several feed stations in order to carry out a check on the device used as intended, a properly positioned component and / or a properly positioned gripper, before arriving at the respective feed station Change a device table done.

Another aspect of the invention is the provision of a method for producing two mutually different manufacturing components in a shell construction plant. Depending on the model of a production component to be manufactured, at least one component of a first type or at least one component of a second type is supplied to the shell production facility and this component is processed to produce the respective model of the production component.

• – Bereitstellen mindestens einer Zuführstation der Rohbaufertigungsanlage, mit – mindestens einem ersten translatorisch verstellbaren Vorrichtungstisch, der wenigstens eine von dem Vorrichtungstisch entfernbare erste bauteiltypspezifische Vorrichtung trägt, die eine Bauteilaufnahme für das Halten eines der Rohbaufertigungsanlage zuzuführenden Bauteils eines ersten Typs aufweist, – mindestens einem zweiten translatorisch verstellbaren Vorrichtungstisch, der wenigstens eine von dem Vorrichtungstisch entfernbare zweite bauteiltypspezifische Vorrichtung trägt, die eine Bauteilaufnahme für das Halten eines anderen der Rohbaufertigungsanlage zuzuführenden Bauteils eines zweiten Typs aufweist, – mindestens einem Rüstplatz, an dem eine bauteiltypspezifische Vorrichtung für ein Bauteil des zweiten Typs an dem zweiten Vorrichtungstisch vorbereitet werden kann, während sich an einem Zuführbereich der Zuführstation noch der andere, erste Vorrichtungstisch befindet, um der Rohbaufertigungsanlage Bauteile des ersten Typs über die zugehörige Vorrichtung zuzuführen;
• – Platzieren eines Bauteils des zweiten Typs an der Vorrichtung des zweiten Vorrichtungstisches, während sich dieser noch an dem Rüstplatz befindet;
• – Verstellen der beiden Vorrichtungstische derart, dass der erste Vorrichtungstisch translatorisch aus dem Zuführbereich verstellt wird und der zweite Vorrichtungstisch translatorisch von dem Rüstplatz in den Zuführbereich verstellt wird, nachdem ein letztes Bauteil des ersten Typs von der ersten Vorrichtung des ersten Vorrichtungstisches entnommen wurde und während innerhalb der Rohbaufertigungsanlagen wenigstens noch dieses letzte entnommene Bauteil des ersten Typs für die Herstellung eines Fertigungsbauteils verwendet wird.

A method according to the invention comprises at least the following steps:

• Providing at least one feed station of the rough construction production line, having at least one first translatorally adjustable device table which carries at least one first type-specific device removable from the device table, which has a component receptacle for holding a component of a first type to be supplied to the prefabricated assembly line, at least one second translational element adjustable device table carrying at least one second component-type specific device removable from the device table and having a component receptacle for holding another component of the second type to be supplied to the prefabrication assembly, at least one set-up station to which a component type specific device of a second type component is attached the second device table can be prepared while at a feed region of the feed still the other, first device table is to the Rohba ufertigungsanlage supply components of the first type via the associated device;
• Placing a component of the second type on the device of the second device table while it is still at the set-up station;
• - Adjusting the two device tables such that the first device table is translationally adjusted from the feed and the second device table is translationally adjusted from the set-up in the feed after a last component of the first type was removed from the first device of the first device table and during the shell construction facilities at least this last removed component of the first type is used for the production of a manufacturing component.

With a shell construction plant according to the invention, a method according to the invention can be implemented here, so that the advantages and features mentioned above and below for this also apply to variants of a production method according to the invention and vice versa.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent in the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures.

Show it:

1 schematically an embodiment of a shell construction plant according to the invention with two feed stations for the supply of two components and an additional feed station for the replacement of a device within the shell construction plant;

2A to 2C on an enlarged scale Detailed views of the shell construction plant of the 1 ;

3 one on the variant of 1 and 2A to 2C based embodiment of a shell construction plant according to the invention;

4A a device table at a set-up station for a first feed station with a device fixed thereto for holding a door component to be further processed;

4B a device table at a set-up station for a second feed station with a fixed to the device table device for another door component, which within the shell construction plant with the door component of 4A is connected to a vehicle door.

The 1 and 2A to 2C show in different views schematically an embodiment according to the invention a Rohbaufertigungsanlage R for the production of different models of a vehicle door. The shell construction plant R here has, among other things, two feed stations 1 and 2 with feed areas Z1, Z2, on each of which a component of a first type BT1a or BT2 can be placed on a (receiving and tensioning) device VT1a or V2 through a gate T11 or T21 and thus can be fed to the rough-building production facility R for further automated processing , The component BT1a is, for example, a door component in the form of a door frame structure with a door and window frame already formed thereon. The other component BT2 is for example a door outer panel. Within the shell construction plant, the two components BT1a and BT2 are variously processed in order to provide, after completion of an automated manufacturing process at a removal area E, a vehicle door composed of the two components BT1a and BT2.

Via a device V1a or V2, which at the respective feed Z1 or Z2 a feed station 1 . 2 is accessible to a worker W via the respective gate T11 or T21 from the outside, a proper position over one or more brackets is specified for the respective component BT1a, BT2. In this way, the component BT1a or BT2 can be selectively gripped by a transfer device of the rough construction production plant R with at least one industrial robot R1a, R1b or R2 and a subsequent production line 11 or 21 be supplied automatically. These production lines 11 and 21 are part of two workstations 3a and 3b who work in specific areas 31 and 32 surrounded by a protective fence. The workstations 3a and 3b In this case, additional, movable industrial robots R3a and R3b as well as several processing tools B1 and B2, for example in the form of stationary welding tongs or stationary glue guns, are included for further processing of the respective component.

At the end of the two production lines 11 and 21 Further industrial robots R4a and R4b are provided to the two of the production lines 11 and 21 next components to edit and assemble. Here is according to the 1 at one on the production lines 11 and 21 following feeding station 4 a device V3 provided with a folding bed. At this device V3 a further processed component BT3 is stored and further processed using the industrial robots R4a and R4b, in the present case at least partially folded. For this purpose, tool storage RK4a and RK4b are provided with Rollfalzköpfen in the field of industrial robots R4a and R4b.

In one to the feeding station 4 subsequent workstation 5 at least one further industrial robot R5 is provided with at least one further machining tool, for example a stationary welding gun, in order to finish the vehicle door. The finished vehicle door is then placed on a conveyor belt 51 given to promote the vehicle door to the removal area E.

The shell construction facility R thus fully automatically produces a vehicle door from the door components BT1a and BT2 provided at the supply areas Z1 and Z2. Here, the respective components within the shell manufacturing plant R on the stationary industrial robots R1a, Rb, R2, Ra and R4n and along the production lines 11 and 21 mobile industrial robot R3a and R3b and along a guide rail assembly 50 fully automated robotic industrial robot R5 and subjected to different joining and forming processes. In order to be able to produce different models within the shell construction plant R with the same configuration on industrial robots, the tool storage RK4a and RK4b with different roller hemming heads and tool storage SZ2a and SZ2b with different standard welding tongs are provided within the shell construction plant R among others. In this case, the tool stores SZ2a and SZ2b are provided with the standard welding guns in the area of the two industrial robots R1a and R1b which are adjacent to the first feed station 1 adjoin.

In the illustrated shell construction plant R also a conversion of the system to produce instead of a first model of a vehicle door, a second model of a vehicle door, during operation and without stopping the shell construction R allows. The different models may differ, for example, by the material used (steel, aluminum) and / or by the intended positioning on a vehicle body (left or right vehicle door). Different models can, however also differ only in details and vary depending on the equipment variant in a series of a vehicle type, for example.

The decisive factor in the present case is that depending on the model to be produced at the feed stations 1 and 2 Components of different types must be supplied by a worker W, which are then further processed automatically within the shell manufacturing plant R and assembled to the desired model.

In order to already prepare the rough construction production plant R for the production of another model of a vehicle door during the production of a model of a vehicle door, at the supply stations 1 and 2 two translationally adjustable device tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a, VT2b are provided in each case. The equipment tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a and VT2b are over two guide rail assemblies 10 and 20 along a displacement or conveying direction F1 or F2 linearly displaceable, so that if necessary in the respective supply Z1 or Z2 present first device table VT1a or VT2a can be replaced by a second device table VT1b or VT2b. In this case, the second device table VT1b or VT2b is located at a setup station RP1b or RP2b provided outside the respective feed zone Z1 or Z2 (see FIG 2A and 2 B ) accessible from outside the shell construction plant R before. In this way, another component-type-specific device for a component of a different type, which is required for the production of another model of the vehicle door, can already be specified.

If a first device table VT1a or VT2a is exchanged for a second device table VT1b or VT2b from a setup station RP1b, RP2b, the first device table VT1a or VT2a previously present in the feed zone Z1 or Z2 is automatically moved to an opposite setup station RP1a or RP2a. This is especially true in the 1 . 2A and 2 B illustrated by the dashed line position VT1 'or VT2' for the first device table VT1a or VT2a.

In order to prevent unwanted access to the feed zone Z1 or Z2 during a set-up procedure at a device table VT1a or VT1b or VT2a or VT2b located at the corresponding set-up station RP1a, RP1b, RP2a or RP2b, the setup stations RP1a, RP1b and RP2a, RP2b each separated by a closable gate T10, T12 or T20, T22 thereof. If, e.g. If a first device table VT1a or VT2a present in the respective feed zone Z1 or Z2 is exchanged for a second device table VT1b or VT2b with another device-type-specific device, both side gates T10 and T12 or T20 and T22 are opened in order to use the previously used one move first stage VT1a or VT2a to its set-up position RP1a or RP2a along the adjustment or conveying direction F1 or F2 and at the same time to move the previously equipped table VT1b or VT2b from its set-up position RP1b or RP2b in the feed Z1 or Z2.

The individual gates T10 to T12 and T20 to T22 of the feed stations 1 and 2 are preferably designed as roller doors. Further, the gates T10 to T12 or T20 to T22 are a feeder station 1 or 2 arranged in such a way that a component can be placed from the front through the opened roller shutter T11 or T21 on a device V1a or V2 facing this door T11 or T21, and the respective device tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a, VT2b are moved laterally along the guide rail arrangements 10 and 20 can be exchanged across this.

As particularly with reference to the enlarged representations of 2A and 2 B is illustrated in more detail, the pairs of device tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a, VT2b of the two feed stations 1 and 2 differently designed. Thus, the device tables VT1a and VT1b of the first feeding station 1 (in the present case for the door component with the door and window frame) rotatable and thus designed as turntables. In contrast, the device tables VT2a and VT2b are the second feed station 2 (For a door outer panel) simply designed and - apart from their mobility along the guide rail assembly 20 - not further adjustable. In the rotary apparatus tables VT1a and VT1b, a plurality of (at least two) type-of-component-specific apparatuses V1a and V1b may be set for components BT1a and BT1b of the same type. While a new component BT1a can be placed on a device V1a facing the gate T11, the other device V1b is already on the production line 11 within the shell construction plant R facing. In this way, the component BT1b held on the device V1b can already be taken over by one of the industrial robots R1a or R1b, while a new component BT1a of the same type is still placed by a worker W on the opposite device V1a.

By way of example, in addition, device-specific gripper holders GH1a and GH1b are additionally provided on a device table VT1a-preferably directly on the respective devices V1a and V1b fixed thereto. About this can be a to the respective device V1a or V1b and to the component held thereon BT1a or BT1b suitable gripper for one of the industrial robot R1a or R1b be provided. Alternatively or additionally, tool holders for tools, with which an industrial robot R1a or R1b can be fitted, such as (special) welding tongs, are provided on the device table VT1a and the device table VT1b and the respective devices fixed thereto. In this way, not only at least one new device V1a, V1b or V2 with a component BT1a, BT1b or BT2 already held thereon is retracted via an apparatus table VT1a, VT1b or VT2a, VT2b retracted into the respective feed zone Z1 or Z2, but also simultaneously gripper-type-specific grippers and / or component type specific tools. This additionally improves the automation of a model change within the shell construction plant R.

In one to the production lines 11 and 21 subsequent manufacturing process get the components to be connected to the feed station 4 on which a device V3 with folding bed and hold-downs is provided. This device V3 is specific to the type of component and thus dependent on the model of the vehicle door to be produced. In order to allow at this point a quick change to another model to be manufactured, the device V3 is placed on a movable device table VT3a below. This device table VT3a can be arranged via a guide rail arrangement 40 translationally from the shell construction plant R on an externally accessible setup station RP3a in a position VT3 'are moved translationally. At the same time, a previously prepared second device table VT3b is retracted from another outer set-up station RP3b into the rough-manufacturing facility R to replace the extending device table VT3a and provide another device for another model of vehicle door to be manufactured and rebate bed and corresponding downholders adapted thereto.

Around the two preparation sites provided on the side (right and left) 3a and 3b for the two movable device tables VT3a and VT3b to separate from the interior of the shell construction plant R, (rolling) gates T30 and T31 are provided. These are automatically opened on demand to allow a model change.

In order to change from a vehicle door model to be produced on another vehicle door model during operation of the shell construction plant R, without the plant having to stand still for this or resting at most for a few minutes, the supply stations become 1 and 2 and 4 timed offset to each other to a device change driven. While at the feed stations 1 and 2 at the same time or with a short time interval from each other or even at a feeder station 1 or 2 a device change takes place via the displacement of the associated device tables, for example a first device table VT3a remains at the supply stations 4 initially still in position within the shell construction plant R. Only when the last component BT3 has been promoted for the vehicle door model to be changed over here takes place at the additional feed station 4 also a device change over the displacement of the device tables VT3a and VT3b. A device change at the feed station 4 takes place in an operating variant only when at the Zuführstationen 1 and 2 already a device change is completed and already components of a different type for another vehicle door model by a worker W at the feed Z1 and Z2 are placed.

Based on 3 is a further embodiment of a shell manufacturing plant R illustrated on the in the 1 and 2A to 2C schematically illustrated variant of a shell construction plant R based. Identical elements are accordingly marked with matching reference numerals. In the shell construction plant R der 3 For example, a removal area E is positioned differently for finished vehicle doors. Functionally, this is true but with a removal area E of 1 about one.

In contrast to the variant of 1 and 2A to 2C are the feeding stations 1 and 2 in which (door) components to be machined via gates T11 and T21 can be fed to the shell construction plant R, not with separate guide rail arrangements 10 and 20 but with a common guide rail assembly 100 for the pairs of adjusting tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a, VT2b to be adjusted. The individual device tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a, VT2b are thus displaceably mounted together, for example, on a continuous guide rail or a plurality of continuous guide rails via slides. But here are the individual device tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a, VT2b of the feed stations 1 and 2 preferably separately controllable from each other to an adjustment. In this case, the device tables VT1a, VT1b and VT2a, VT2b can be adjusted synchronously in pairs, so that a device change over the movable device tables VT1a, VT1b at the one feed station 1 takes place synchronously to a device change over the movable device tables VT2a, VT2b at the other feed station.

Furthermore, in the variant of 3 an additional, fourth feed station 6 intended. These additional feeding station 6 is after the feeding station 4 placed and assigned to the industrial robot R5, which supplies the completed in the Robbaufigungsanlage R vehicle door to the removal area E. The industrial robot R5 can thus also in the area of the additional feed station 6 perform at least one processing step. About the additional feeder station 6 Here, too, is an easily exchanged pair of device tables provided, which - analogous to the previously passed in the manufacturing process feeding station 3 - Can be moved through two if necessary automatically opening doors T40, T41 between two side preparation stations RP4a and RP4b and the interior of the shell manufacturing plant R for a model change.

At the additional (rear) feed station 6 An additional folding bed is provided via the device tables, preferably with the apparatus arranged thereon. It can be provided that a device at the additional feed station 6 does not necessarily have to be passed for all models of vehicle doors to be produced in the shell construction plant R. Rather, it is about the fourth feed station 6 then only an optional device, for example, with a certain additional folding bed, provided for at least one particular production variant (ie, a specific model vehicle door), but not required for all production variants. By also at this additional feed station 6 two separate setup stations RP4a, RP4b and two movable device tables are present, a model change is also possible here about this without halting the rough manufacturing plant R.

With the 4A and 4B By way of example, variant embodiments for the device tables VT1a and VT2a are exemplarily illustrated in a perspective view. It shows 4A a (second) device table VT1b at the set-up station RP1b with a device V1a for a component BT1a in the form of a first, a door frame structure with door and window frame defining door component. In contrast, the shows 4B the device tables VT2b at the set-up station RP2b with device V2 fixed thereto for a component BT2 in the form of a door outer panel. The devices V1a and V2 are in this case, for example, with a forklift or crane from the respective device table VT1b or VT2b with or without fixed thereto component BT1a or BT2 removable to retrofit the respective device table VT1b or VT2b and thus allow a change to another vehicle door model.

With such a model change to the industrial robot R1a, R1b or R2 in the region of a feed station 1 or 2 Also allow a gripper change, the devices V1a and V2 each have a gripper holder GH1a or GH2 for a component type specific, ie adapted to the presently to be processed component BT1a or BT2 gripper G1 or G2. With this gripper GH1a or GH2 then the respective industrial robot R1a, R1b or R2 is to be equipped during a model change.

Each apparatus of a device table VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b, VT3a and VT3b in this case has a test electronics in order (a) the intended setting of the respective device on the device table VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b, VT3a and VT3b and / or (b ) to electronically detect the intended orientation and mounting of a component on the respective device and / or (c) the positioning of the appropriate gripper, which is therefore specific for the respective component type, and to generate an alarm signal if a test result is negative in this respect. For example, such an alarm signal is generated when a hold-down device of a device for the respective component is not closed correctly. Thus, even before a model change and an associated device change already at the respective set-up point RP1a, RP1b, RP2a, RP2b, RP3a, RP3b automated stationwise electronically testable whether a device change can be performed without errors.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

1. Feeding station

10

Track assembly

100

Track assembly

11

production line

2

2nd feeder station

20

Track assembly

21

production line

3a, 3b

workstation

30

Track assembly

31, 32

Workspace

4

3. Feeding station

40

Track assembly

5

workstation

50

Track assembly

51

conveyor belt

6

4. Feeding station

B1, B2, B3

processing tool

BT1a, BT1b, BT2, BT3

component

e

removal area

F1, F2

Adjuster / conveying direction

G1, G2

grab

GH1a, GH1b, GH2

looper holder

R

Shell production plant

R1a, R1b, R2, R5

Industrial robots (as parts of a transfer device)

R3a, R3b, R4a, R4b

industrial robots

RK4a, RK4b

Tool storage (with roller hemming heads)

RP1a, RP1b, RP2a, RP2b, RP3a, RP3b, RP4a, RP4b

 setup station

SZ2a, SZ2b

Tool storage (with standard welding guns)

T10, T11, T12, T20, T21, T22, T30, T31, T40, T41

gate

V1a, V1b, V2, V3

contraption

VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b, VT3a, VT3b

device table

W

improvement

Z1, Z2

feeding

Claims (14)

Shell construction plant (R) for producing two mutually different manufacturing components, wherein depending on the manufactured component at least one component of a first type (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) or at least one component of a second type of shell construction plant (R) is fed and processed and wherein the shell construction plant (R) comprising: - at least one feeding station ( 1 . 2 ) having at least one first device table (VT1a, VT2a) carrying at least one first device type specific device (V1a, V1b, V2) removable from the first device table (VT1a, VT2a), the first device (V1a, V1b, V2) receiving a component for holding a component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) of a first type to be supplied to the shell construction plant (R), - at least one mechanical transfer device (R1a, R1b, R2), by means of which a device connected to the first device (V1a, V1b, V2) held component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) at the feed station ( 1 . 2 ) can be automatically removed from the first device (V1a, V1b, V2) in order to machine the component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2), - at least one feed region (Z1, Z2) at the supply station ( 1 . 2 ), by means of which, after the removal of a component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) from the device (V1a, V1b, V2), a new component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) can be placed on the device (V1a, V1b, V2), and - at least one set-up station (RP1b, RP2b) on which at least one second component type-specific device with a component holder for holding a prefabricated assembly plant (R) component to be supplied of a second type can be prepared while in the shell construction plant (R) nor a first component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) of the first type is processed, characterized in that the first device table (VT1a, VT2a) with the at least one first component type specific device (V1a, V1b, V2) is translationally adjustable from the feed region (Z1, Z2) and the shell construction plant (R) at least one further, second device table (VT1b, VT2b), which translates with the at least one second type-specific device from the Rüstpla tz (RP1b, RP2b) from in the feed area (Z1, Z2) is adjustable after the first device table (VT1a, VT2a) from the feed area (Z1, Z2) has been adjusted. Shell construction plant according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one further set-up station (RP1a, RP2a) is provided, to which the first device table (VT1, VT2a) with the at least one first type-specific device (V1a, V1b, V2) from the feed area (Z1 , Z2) is translationally adjustable. Shell construction plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one further, second device table (VT1b, VT2b) together with the at least one second type-specific device and a component already placed thereon translationally from the set-up (RP1b, RP2b) in the feed (Z1, Z2) is adjustable. Shell construction installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at the set-up station (RP1a, RP1b, RP2a, RP2b) at least one closable gate (T10, T12, T20, T22) is provided, through which in the open state, a device table ( VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b) is adjustable, and / or on the supply region (Z1, Z2) a closable gate (T11, T21) is provided, through which in the open state a component (BT1a, BT2) at the respective in the feed region (Z1, Z2) located device (V1a, V1b, V2) can be placed. Shell construction installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the first and / or second device table (VT1a, VT1b) carries two first or two second devices (V1a, V1b) with component receptacles for two components (BT1a, BT1b) of the same type, and the complete first and / or second device table (VT1a, VT1b) and / or at least one support part of the respective device table (VT1a, VT1b) provided for carrying the at least two first or two second devices (V1a, V1b) is rotatably mounted such that the one device (V1a) of the device table (VT1a, VT1b) for the Placing a component (BT1a) on the supply area (Z1, Z2) is accessible, while the other device (V1b) for a component (BT1b) of the same type for the transfer device (R1a, R1b) is accessible and by rotation of the device table (VT1a VT1b) or the carrier part, the positions of the devices (V1a, V1b) can be exchanged. Shell construction plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on a component type specific device (V1a, V1b, V2) a gripper holder (GH1a GH1b, GH2) for a type-specific gripper (G1, G2) of an industrial robot (R1a, R1b, R2) and / or a tool holder for a component type specific tool (G1, G2) of an industrial robot (R1a, R1b, R2) is provided. Shell construction plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shell construction plant (R) comprises a plurality of supply areas (Z1, Z2) each having at least one set-up station (RP1a, RP1b; RP2a, RP2b) and two translatorily adjustable device tables (VT1a, VT1b; VT2a, VT2b ). Shell construction plant according to claim 7, characterized in that for two feed stations ( 1 . 2 ), each comprising a feed region (Z1, Z2), at least one set-up station (RP1a, RP1b, RP2a, RP2b) and two translator-adjustable device tables (VT1a, VT1b; VT2a, VT2b), a guide rail arrangement ( 100 ) with one between a set-up station (RP1a) of a feed station ( 1 ) and a setup station (RP2a) of the other feeder station ( 2 ) extending rail guide for the translational adjustment of two device tables (VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b) is provided. Shell construction plant according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the shell construction plant (R) is set up and provided for producing a production component composed of at least two components (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) and for the supply of the two components (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) two feed stations ( 1 . 2 ), each having a feed area (Z1, Z2), at least one set-up station (RP1a, RP1b, RP2a, RP2b) and two translatorically adjustable device tables (VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b). Shell construction plant according to claim 9, characterized in that the shell construction plant (R) at least two production lines ( 11 . 21 ) each having at least one workstation ( 3a . 3b ), which is a feeder station ( 1 ; 2 ) and in which one of the associated feed station ( 1 ; 2 ) is machined before the two machined components (BT1, BT2) are assembled to the manufacturing component. Shell construction plant according to claim 10, characterized in that in each production line ( 11 . 21 ) at least one industrial robot (R3a, R3b) is present, which performs at least one joining and / or at least one forming process on the component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2). Shell construction plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shell construction plant (R) at least one additional Zuführstation ( 4 ) with two translatorically adjustable device tables (VT3a, VT3b), wherein the additional supply station ( 4 ) is provided only for the replacement of a device (V3) to which within the shell construction plant (R) at least one further to be machined component (BT3) is stored, but to which no component can be placed from the outside. Shell construction plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on at least one device (VT1a, VT1b, V2, V3) a test electronics is provided by means of which electronically detectable, whether - a component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2, BT3) as intended the device (VT1a, VT1b, V2, V3) has been placed and / or - a device (V1a, V1b, V2, V3) has been designated as intended at the respective device table (VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b, VT3a, VT3b) and / or - a gripper (GH1a, GH1b, GH2) corresponding to the device (V1a, V1b, V2, V3) and / or the component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2, BT3) and / or a tool corresponding thereto, as intended, on the device ( V1a, V1b, V2, V3) or the device table (VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b, VT3a, VT3b). Method for producing two mutually different manufacturing components in a shell manufacturing plant (R), wherein depending on the manufactured component at least one component of a first type (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) or at least one component of a second type of shell manufacturing plant (R) is supplied and processed, and the method comprises at least the following steps: - providing at least one feed station ( 1 . 2 ) of the shell construction plant (R), with - at least one first translatorally adjustable device table (VT1a, VT2a), which carries at least one of the device table (VT1a, VT2a) removable first type specific device (V1a, V1b, V2), which is a component receptacle for the Holding a component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) of a first type to be supplied to the body shop (R), At least one second translator-adjustable device table (VT1b, VT2b) carrying at least one second component type-specific device (V1a, V1b, V2) removable from the device table (VT1b, VT2b) and holding a component receptacle for holding another one of the rough assembly line (R) a second type of component (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) to be supplied, at least one set-up station (RP1b, RP2b) at which a component type-specific device for a second type component can be prepared on the second device table (VT1b, VT2b) while at a feed area (Z1, Z2) of the feed station ( 1 ; 2 ) is still the other, first device table (VT1a, VT2a) located to the Rohbaufertigungsanlage (R) components (BT1a, BT1b, BT2) of the first type via the associated device (V1a, V1b, V2) to supply; Placing a component of the second type on the device of the second device table (VT1b, VT2b) while it is still at the set-up station (RP1b, RP2b); - Adjusting the two device tables (VT1a, VT1b, VT2a, VT2b) such that the first device table (VT1a, VT2a) translationally from the feed area (Z1, Z2) is adjusted and the second device table (VT1b, VT2b) translationally from the set-up ( RP1b, RP2b) is moved into the feed area (Z1, Z2) after a last component (BT1b, BT2) of the first type has been removed from the first device (V1b, V2) of the first device table (VT1a, VT2a) and during the Rohbaufertigungsanlagen (R) at least this last removed component (BT1b, BT2) of the first type is used for the production of a manufacturing component.

Images