DE102014206570A1 - Starting device for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a starting device for internal combustion engines, which has a starter pinion (35) arranged freewheel device (33) in a clamping space (81) between an on the starter pinion (35) axially projecting inner ring (34) and an outer ring (37) of a Mitnehmer (89) clamping rollers (82) and whose clamping space (81) is delimited at one end by a guide disc (87), wherein a the outer ring (37) positively overlapping cap (75) with an enclosed retaining disc (88) the guide disc ( 87) and the starter pinion (35) fixed to the freewheel device (33) axially with little axial play. The retaining disk (88) has a smaller diameter than the guide disk (87) and on the guide disk (87) protrudes on the outer edge (91) from a retaining shoulder (88) cross annular shoulder (92).

Description

The invention relates to a starting device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art

Starter motors are known as starting devices for internal combustion engines, which are referred to as starters for short, which have an electromotively driven starter pinion which can be displaced axially into a drive position by means of a starter relay, which can also be referred to as an engagement relay. In the drive position, the starter pinion engages in a ring gear, via which the internal combustion engine is started.

From the DE 10 2012 210 682 A1 is a starting device for internal combustion engines is known, which has a drivable via a freewheeling starter pinion. The freewheel device includes pinch rollers, which einliegen in one of a guide disk frontally closed terminal space. The guide disk in turn is held by a retaining disk and a cap, which engages over the retaining disk and the guide disk on the freewheel device. The position of the retaining disc determines the axial play of the starter pinion with respect to the freewheel device. In the conventional arrangement of the guide disc and retaining washer made of relatively soft material guide disc undergoes a slight change in shape when pressing the cap, causing the guide disc and the voltage applied to her holding disc slightly change in orientation, thereby increasing the axial play of the starter pinion in the freewheel device becomes. The increase in the axial play of the starter pinion has a negative effect on the clamping function and the life of the freewheel. The life of the free-running fat is thereby reduced.

Disclosure of the invention

The starting device according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage over the prior art that the guide disc and the retaining disc are considerably less affected in their position when pressing the cap. In particular, the guide plate is possibly still slightly deformed, so that the guide disc and the retaining disc virtually no longer change their orientation. As a result, a predetermined axial clearance for the starter pinion is maintained as far as possible even after pressing the cap on the freewheel. This advantage is obtained, in particular, in that the retaining disk has a smaller diameter than the guide disk and that an annular shoulder formed on the guide disk at least partially overlaps the retaining disk on the outer edge. This results in an optimal bond between the guide disk and retaining disk and the edge region of the closure cap can transmit substantially no unfavorable deformation forces on the guide disk.

An annular shoulder provided on the outer edge of the guide disk preferably only partially overlaps the retaining disk, for example only up to the middle of its material thickness. In principle, the annular shoulder can also have interruptions, so that the retaining disk is partially overlapped at its peripheral edge of the annular shoulder. This ensures that the axial pressure, which is transmitted from the closure cap during its mounting on the retaining disk and on the latter on the guide disk, does not act on it directly in the edge region of the guide disk.

The annular shoulder can very advantageously have a thickness which is in the range between 15% and 30% of the thickness of the guide disc. This has the consequence that the overlapped by the annular shoulder retaining disk has a correspondingly smaller diameter than the guide disc and thus has a correspondingly clear radial distance from the cap.

The retaining disc is preferably made of a material significantly harder than the guide disc, so that the retaining disc over the entire life of the freewheel device defines the predetermined axial play as accurately as possible.

In order to obtain an optimal guiding function, the guide disk is substantially thicker than the retaining disk, preferably at least twice as thick as the retaining disk.

The cap, with which the guide disc and the retaining plate are fixed to the freewheel, is press-fitted on an outer ring of the freewheel in recesses on the peripheral surface of the outer ring. During the pressing operation, axial pressure and a radially acting from the outside in the direction of the central axis of the freewheel radial pressure is exerted, whereby a positive connection between the outer ring of the freewheel and the cap is achieved.

The diameter of the guide disc is preferably smaller than the inner diameter of the guide disc cross-cap, so that no undesirable deformations on the guide disc occur when pressing the cap.

Moreover, it is very advantageous if the diameter of the retaining disk is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer ring of the freewheel device, so as possible no forces exerted by the cap edge forces when pressing the cap on the retaining disk. This ensures that the retaining washer and the guide disc when pressing the cap on the outer ring of the freewheel device are not tilted from its position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis position.

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Show it:

1 the overall structure of a known from the prior art starting device for internal combustion engines in longitudinal section,

1a a detailed view in the field of freewheel device on the starter pinion of the starter of 1 .

2 an embodiment of a freewheel device according to the invention with starter pinion in longitudinal section and

3 an enlarged detail view in the area of 2 illustrated freewheel device.

In the 1 illustrated cranking device 100 is from the aforementioned DE 10 2012 210 682 A1 known. The starting device 100 can also be generally referred to as an electric machine with which an internal combustion engine can be started or turned on. For this purpose, has the starting device 100 a relay 42 , which is designed as a switching or engagement relay.

A housing 10 the cranking device 100 consists of a cylindrical housing part 11 and a lid 13 , which are interconnected by screws, not shown. The cylindrical housing part 11 is behind the lid 13 closed, in the middle part of an outwardly directed, closed hub 14 is formed. In the hub 14 there is a depository 15 in which the rear end 17a a drive shaft or armature shaft 17 an electric starter motor 18 is stored, whose anchor with 19 is designated. Radially outside the anchor 19 are located on the wall of the housing part 11 several permanent magnets 20 the Andrehmotors 18 ,

The front end of the armature shaft 17 is with a reduced diameter end portion 22 in a coaxially extending, not shown blind bore 23 a drive shaft 24 stored. The other end of the drive shaft 24 is in one the housing part 11 closing end shield 25 and one at this molded hub 26 stored. The armature shaft 17 has near their the bearing shield 25 facing end a gearing 28 (Sun gear) in which planetary gears 29 engage, which also with an external stationary ring gear 30 a planetary gear 31 comb. A planet carrier 12 drives the output shaft 24 on which a freewheel device 33 is arranged, whose inner ring 34 one as a starter pinion 35 having trained extension, on which an external toothing 36 is trained. An outer ring 37 the freewheel device 33 is over a steep thread 38 with the output shaft 24 connected. A so-called Einspurfeder acts on him 39 one. By axial displacement of the freewheel device 33 can the external teeth 36 with a sprocket 40 the engine are engaged for the purpose of starting. This is done with the help of the relay 42 in which, when the current is switched on, a magnet armature is connected via an extension 43 a lever 44 pans, over a backdrop 45 between slices 46 lies, the freewheel device 33 moves to the left. The lever 44 is designed with two arms and by means of pins 48 in a housing-fixed warehouse 49 arranged pivotally.

On the armature shaft 17 sits near her rear bearing end 17a designed as a spring steel disc anchor stop disk, which on a commutator 63 is applied. Next is a brush plate 53 intended.

In or on the brush plate 53 are brush holders 54 fixed in which coals or commutator brushes 59 are arranged, which are under spring pressure to the commutator 63 create, which at the armature shaft 17 is arranged. With some coals 59 it is in the coking coal, in other coals 59 around plus coals. These are over pigtails 65 to a cable lug 67 connected with a contact 68 of the relay 42 connected is. The strands 65 penetrate a seal 70 , which in the housing part 11 in an opening 71 is arranged. The brush plate 53 is about holding means on the lid 13 attached.

1a now shows a detail of a conventional freewheel device 33 that are essentially the same as the 1 matches.

In the 1a partially illustrated freewheel device 33 owns an outer ring 37 overarching cap 75 , which form-fitting in on the circumference of the outer ring 37 circumferential grooves 76 is pressed. In addition, lie in the cap 75 a guide disc 77 and a holding disc 78 one to the front 79 of outer ring 37 from the cap 75 be pressed.

The holding disc 78 engages in one of the starter pinion 35 adjacent ring groove 80 and thus defines the axial play of the starter pinion 35 , The guide disc 77 poses for the inner ring 34 , the rear of the starter pinion 35 is formed, a guide element. Between the inner ring 34 and the outer ring 37 there is a terminal room 81 in which pinch rollers 82 einliegen.

When mounting the cap 75 this will be in the direction of the arrow 83 axially over the retaining washer 78 , the guide disc 77 and the outer ring 37 placed with a relatively large axial pressure and with radial pressure in the direction of the arrow 84 with the outer ring 37 positively connected. In this case, the material of the metallic cap 75 in the grooves 76 on the outer ring 37 pressed. During this assembly process, high axial forces occur in the direction of the arrow 83 on, which is a deformation of the relatively soft material existing guide disc 77 have as a consequence. The guide disc tilts 77 from its position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein the retaining disk 78 performs a corresponding tilting movement. By this tilting the two discs 77 . 78 increases the axial play in the region of the annular groove 80 so the starter pinion 35 has an enlarged axial play. Too much axial play has a negative effect on the life of the freewheel device and can the clamping function of the pinch rollers 82 adversely affect or slipping of the pinch rollers 82 cause. By the deformation of the guide disc 77 results for this and the voltage applied to her holding disc 78 a tilt angle α, as in 1a is shown by way of example.

In 2 is the freewheel device 33 a starting device according to the invention shown. Because the freewheel device 33 with associated starter pinion 35 are formed rotationally symmetrical, is in 2 only the upper half of the longitudinal section shown.

In the inventive execution of 2 is a guide disc 87 provided, which has a larger diameter than the voltage applied to her holding disc 88 , The holding disc 88 also defines the axial play of the starter pinion 35 , whose inner ring 34 between a driver 89 and the retaining disk 88 is stored. The holding disc 88 engages here in an annular groove 80 and thus defined by their position, the axial play of the starter pinion 35 ,

The cap 75 is also here, as in connection with 1a described, with great axial force in the direction of the arrow 83 put on and by means of radial pressure in the arrow direction 84 positive fit with the outer ring 34 connected.

The one with a circle 90 marked area is as enlarged detail view in 3 shown.

In the enlarged detail view it is clear that the guide disc 87 has a smaller diameter than the retaining washer 88 , At the guide disc 87 is at the outer edge 91 an annular shoulder 92 formed the retaining disk 88 partly at the peripheral edge 93 overlaps. In addition, the guide disc has 87 a smaller outer diameter than the inner diameter of the cap 75 so that an annular gap 94 between the cap 75 and the outer edge 91 the guide disc 87 results.

When fitting the cap 75 in the direction of the arrow 83 and also when pressing in the direction of the arrow 84 exists at the peripheral edges of the guide disc 87 and the retaining disk 88 no contact with the cap 75 , In addition, the guide plate 87 opposite the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 37 put something back inside, so when pressing the cap 75 at the freewheel device at least no significant tilting of the guide disc 87 and the retaining disk 88 results. Rather, it is due to the execution of the two discs 87 . 88 ensures that a given axial clearance when pressing the cap 75 Largely adhered to, although although here at high contact pressures axial deformation of the guide plate 87 when pressing the cap 75 can occur. Due to the inventively designed guide disc 87 and holding disc 88 act in the transition area between the lid 95 and margin 96 the cap 75 no increased deformation forces on the guide disc 87 leading to a tilting of the two discs 87 . 88 could lead.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102012210682 A1 [0003, 0018]

Claims (9)

Starting device for internal combustion engines, one on a starter pinion ( 35 ) arranged freewheel device ( 33 ) located in a terminal space ( 81 ) between one on the starter pinion ( 35 ) axially projecting inner ring ( 34 ) and an outer ring ( 37 ) of a driver ( 89 ) Pinch rollers ( 82 ) and whose terminal space ( 81 ) on a front side of a guide disc ( 87 ), wherein one of the outer ring ( 37 ) positively locking cross-cap ( 75 ) with an enclosed holding disc ( 88 ) the guide disc ( 87 ) and the starter pinion ( 35 ) on the freewheel device ( 33 ) fixed axially with little axial play, characterized in that the retaining disc ( 88 ) has a smaller diameter than the guide disc ( 87 ), and that at the guide disc ( 87 ) on the outer edge ( 91 ) a holding disc ( 88 ) overarching ring shoulder ( 92 ) protrudes. Starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular shoulder ( 92 ) the outer edge ( 93 ) of the enclosed retaining disc ( 88 ) only partially overlaps. Starting device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the annular shoulder ( 92 ) has a thickness ranging between 15% and 30% of the thickness of the guide disc ( 87 ) lies. Starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining disk ( 88 ) consists of a harder material than the guide disc ( 87 ). Starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the guide disc ( 87 ) is at least twice as large as the thickness of the retaining disk ( 88 ). Starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure cap ( 75 ) on the outer ring ( 37 ) is pressed and positively in recesses on the peripheral surface of the outer ring ( 37 ) intervenes. Starting device according to claim 6, characterized in that the recesses on the circumference circumferential grooves ( 76 ) are. Starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the guide disc ( 87 ) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cap ( 75 ). Starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the retaining disc ( 88 ) is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer ring ( 37 ) of the driver ( 89 ).

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