DE102014002601A1 - Display device, method and control for analyzing a vibration behavior of a firing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a display device for analyzing a vibration behavior of a firing system, the display device comprising: - operating data receiving means (2) for receiving first and second operating data of the firing system, wherein the first and second operating data characterize different operating parameters of the firing system, which is a vibration state of the firing system an oscillation data receiving means (3) for receiving oscillation data of the firing system associated with the first and second operating data of the firing system and characterizing the oscillation state of the firing system, oscillation data imaging means (4) for transferring the received oscillation data to a predetermined oscillation indicator set (8 , 10) and outputs vibration indicator data corresponding to the vibration data, the vibration indicator set comprising a plurality of vibration indicators (8a, ..., 8x, 10a, .. ., 10g) characterizing different vibration conditions of the firing system, and - an output means (5) for outputting an analysis curve (7, 9, 11) in which the first and second operational data are plotted against each other, the analysis curve (7, 9 , 11) in analysis curve elements (7a, ..., 7x; 9a, ..., 9x; 11a, ..., 11x) and wherein each analysis curve element (7a, ..., 7x, 9a, ..., 9x, 11a, ..., 11x) has an associated vibration indicator (8a, ..., 8x 10a, ..., 10g) of the vibration indicator data is superimposed.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a display device for analyzing a vibration behavior of a firing system, a method for controlling a firing system using the display device, and a control device for controlling a firing system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Self-excited combustion oscillations occur in combustion systems (such as, for example, gas water heaters, process gas heaters, gas turbines, rocket engines) by a feedback of thermal heat release to the supply of fuel and / or air supply. In this case, acoustics usually represent the relevant feedback path. In more rare cases, however, the mechanical structure of the firing system can also serve as a feedback path.

If these vibrations occur, undesirably high sound pressure amplitudes occur in the firing system, which in turn can, depending on the frequency, lead to a strong stimulation of the mechanical structure of the firing system. In this case, the amplitudes can reach such a high level that the respective firing system can often be destroyed after only a short time, depending on its mechanical load-bearing capacity, from seconds to hours.

It is known to avoid these oscillations by operating the firing system in an operating mode which, from a current point of view, often has unacceptably high emission values. The operating mode is z. B. a diffusion operation, which leads to extremely high NO _x values. According to the current emission regulations, such high NO _x values are no longer permitted.

Accordingly, as an alternative way to avoid self-excited combustion vibrations while achieving low emissions, it is known to use modern premix combustion, which may be e.g. B. can be designed so that the vibrations are avoided at the relevant operating point or on the relevant operating line (power and air ratio).

Another way to avoid vibrations, is the fragmentation of the fuel supply to the firing system. This is then done so that, depending on the desired operating point of the chippings is set so that the vibrations are avoided.

Since further parameters z. If, for example, the ambient conditions of the firing system, such as the temperature of the supplied combustion air, the air pressure, the gas composition, the aging of the respective firing system, etc., influence the occurrence of the vibrations, it is often not possible to deliver the firing system such that the occurrence of combustion oscillations can be reliably avoided. Rather, it is often necessary to set the respective firing system on site, ie at the final place of use, so that the vibrations are avoided in the environmental conditions present there. This process is also called tuning the combustion system.

During tuning, it is known that, in real operation of the combustion system, the combustion vibrations are measured by suitable sensors (eg, piezoelectric pressure transducers) and recorded by means of a vibration measuring device or monitoring system. Based on this data, the relevant control variables of the combustion system are trimmed so that the vibrations are avoided or brought below a tolerable level. The evaluation of the data is carried out in spectral or frequency and line plots, whereby in the spectral plots - which can be individual spectra but also spectrograms - the vibration quantities and in the line plots the relevant operating variables are displayed. Here, various variables must be read by the respective staff and interpreted in a suitable manner, based on it by a suitable adjustment z. As the fuel split or the like, to avoid the combustion oscillations. This task is further complicated because the staff often has little time to perform this adjustment. On the one hand, the adjustment process should be kept as short as possible for economic reasons. On the other hand, it is also necessary to prevent possible damage by timely intercepting combustion oscillations are intercepted.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved display device, an improved method and an improved control device in order in particular to facilitate the tuning of firing systems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a display device for analyzing a vibration behavior of a firing system, the display device comprising: operating data receiving means for receiving first and second operating data of the firing system, the first and second operating data second operating data characterizes different operating parameters of the firing system that affect a vibration state of the firing system, vibration data receiving means for receiving firing system vibration data associated with the first and second firing system operating data and characterizing the firing system vibration state, vibration data mapping means that records the received vibration data imaging a predetermined vibration indicator set and outputting vibration indicator data corresponding to the vibration data, wherein the vibration indicator set comprises a plurality of vibration indicators characterizing different vibration states of the combustion system, and output means for outputting an analysis curve in which the first and second operation data are plotted against each other, the analysis curve being analysis curve elements is divided and where each analysis curve element a associated vibration indicator of the vibration indicator data is superimposed.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of controlling a firing system using a display device according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of: ramping up the firing system along a first driving line, during start-up, acquiring the first and second operational data of the firing system Firing system and the associated vibration data of the firing system and supplying the first and second operating data and the vibration data to the display device, and using the display device for analyzing the instantaneous vibration behavior of the firing system based on the output analysis curve.

According to a third aspect, the present invention provides a control device for controlling a firing system, which comprises a display device according to the first aspect and is adapted to carry out the method according to the second aspect.

Further aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the accompanying drawings and the following description of preferred embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

1 an embodiment of a display device in accordance with the present invention illustrated;

2 a first representation of the output of the display device of 1 represents;

3 a further illustration of the output of the display device of 1 with another analysis curve or driving line;

4 a further illustration of the output of the display device of 1 with an optimization of the driving line represents;

5 shows an embodiment of an analysis curve with symbols, and

6 shows an embodiment of an analysis curve with arrows.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In 1 is an embodiment of a display device 1 illustrated in accordance with the present invention. Before a detailed description follows first general explanations to the embodiments and their advantages.

As mentioned above, occur in firing systems, such. As gas heaters, process gas heaters, gas turbines, rocket engines or the like, by a feedback of thermal heat release to the supply of fuel and / or air supply self-excited combustion oscillations, also called only vibrations in the following. The acoustics represent the relevant feedback path. In other cases, however, the mechanical structure of the firing system itself can serve as a feedback path.

As already mentioned, such vibrations are undesirable because they can lead to high sound pressure amplitudes in the firing system, which in turn can lead to a strong stimulation of the mechanical structure of the firing system as a function of the frequency. In this case, the amplitudes can reach such a high level that the respective firing system often depends on the mechanical load capacity after only a short time, ie. H. in a period of seconds to hours, can be damaged or destroyed.

Since, as explained above, further parameters z. B. the ambient conditions of the firing system, such as the temperature of the supplied combustion air, the air pressure, the Gas composition, the aging of the respective firing system, etc. influence the occurrence of vibrations in some embodiments, it is in some embodiments not possible to deliver the firing system so that the occurrence of combustion vibrations at the site can be reliably avoided. Rather, it is often necessary to set the respective firing system at the site, ie at the final site so tune that the vibrations are avoided in the existing environmental conditions there.

In tuning, in some embodiments, in real operation of the firing system, the (combustion) vibrations are measured by suitable sensors (eg, piezo pressure transducers or other known pressure / vibration sensors) and recorded by means of a vibration meter or monitoring system or other recording means. Based on this data, the relevant control variables of the combustion system are trimmed, d. H. such that the vibrations are avoided or brought below a tolerable level specified by a corresponding threshold.

Alternatively, to measure the direct (combustion) vibration signal, the vibration can also be measured indirectly by measuring a quantity to which the (combustion) vibrations affect. Such a size is z. B. the vibration of an excited by the (combustion) vibration component such. B. a combustion chamber wall. Such a vibration can be z. B. by an accelerometer.

While the present invention is primarily illustrated in terms of combustion vibrations, the present invention may be generally applied to other modes of vibration, and the foregoing and also following explanations are analogously applicable to other vibrations and, in general, to shaft vibration plots.

In some embodiments, the evaluation of the data is carried out, for example, in spectral or frequency and / or line plots, wherein the spectral plots - which can be individual spectra but also spectrograms -, the vibration quantities and in the line plots the relevant operating variables are displayed.

Here, various variables must be read by the respective staff and interpreted in a suitable manner, based on it by a suitable adjustment z. As the fuel split or the like to avoid the combustion of the combustion system or at least reduce. This is made more difficult in some embodiments, since the corresponding personnel often only little time remains to perform this adjustment.

The adjustment process should be kept as short as possible on the one hand for economic reasons. On the other hand, it is also necessary to prevent possible damage by timely intercepting combustion oscillations are intercepted.

By simultaneously analyzing operating data representing firing system operating parameters that typically induce vibrations (ie, combustion oscillations) and vibration data representing the vibration state of the firing system, the (instantaneous) engine operating state and vibration state of the firing system can be simultaneously determined and analyzed and also simultaneously presented to the staff for analysis. In some embodiments, this also happens "online, i. H. (Nearly) in real time, so that, for example, the personnel who set up or control the firing system can simultaneously detect in real time the operating state and the vibration state of the firing system.

As a result of this inventive representation of the data, which, as mentioned, can also take place in real time in some embodiments, the personnel setting the combustion system or firing system is provided with a quick and efficient representation in order to detect combustion oscillations which, for example, through the intervention of the personnel. d. H. Change in operating parameters, to avoid. As a result, impermissibly high amplitudes and the associated damage to the combustion system can be avoided or reduced quite quickly or often completely. In the illustration, for example, the vibration quantities are displayed above the relevant operating data or the characteristic diagram of the firing system. This can z. Example, the vibration amplitude over the thermal power and the air ratio.

Accordingly, some embodiments relate to a display device for analyzing a vibration behavior or combustion oscillation behavior of a firing system.

The display device in this case comprises an operating data receiving means for receiving first and second operating data of the firing system, wherein the first and second operating data characterize different operating parameters of the firing system, the one Vibration state of the firing system (relevant) can influence.

The operation data receiving means may include a microprocessor and a data interface to communicate with, for example, a network, the Internet or other information exchange network. The operating data receiving means may also be connected directly to corresponding sensors which detect and transmit the first and / or second operating data to the operating data receiving means. In some embodiments, the operating data receiving means is also connected to a monitoring system of the firing system and receives from the first and / or second operating data. The operation data receiving means may also receive the first and second operation data by, for example, reading out a corresponding data file and / or database. The present invention is not limited to any particular type of transmission, source, transmission or signal or data characteristic of the first and second operating data, respectively.

The first and / or second operating data are, for example, characteristic of an air number, an exhaust gas temperature, a power, in particular thermal or electrical power and / or a mass flow of air and / or fuel supply of the firing system or characteristic variables derived therefrom or indirect variables, such as the stroke of a fuel valve, which is indirectly characteristic of the amount of fuel supplied. Other combinations, for example of derived sizes, eg. For example, the electrical power generated by the thermal power in stationary gas turbines is plotted against the exhaust gas temperature in some embodiments.

In some embodiments, the first and second operating data represent an operating line. Since, in some embodiments, the firing system is operated only on an operating line and not in a wide operating or characteristic field, in some embodiments the operating line also simultaneously represents the driving line of the firing system.

The display device further comprises oscillation data receiving means for receiving oscillation data of the firing system associated with the first and second operating data of the firing system and characterizing the oscillation state of the firing system.

The vibration data receiving means may comprise a microprocessor and a data interface to communicate, for example, with a network, the Internet or other information exchange network. The vibration data receiving means may also be connected directly to corresponding sensors which detect and transmit the vibration data to the vibration data receiving means. In some embodiments, the vibration data receiving means is also connected to a monitoring system of the combustion system and receives therefrom the vibration data. In some embodiments, the vibration data receiving means receives the vibration data by reading out a corresponding data file and / or database. The present invention is not limited to any particular type of transmission, origin, transmission or signal or data characteristic of the vibration data.

In some embodiments, the vibration data characterizes an amplitude and / or frequency of the vibration state of the firing system or quantities derived therefrom. As explained above, vibrations that are undesirable occur during operation of the firing system. The vibration state of the firing system in some embodiments represents the vibration behavior of the firing system at a specific time or in a specific time interval and is determined, for example, by a suitable measuring device on the firing system which outputs the vibration data.

The display device further comprises a vibration data imaging means which maps the received vibration data to a predetermined vibration indicator set and outputs vibration indicator data corresponding to the vibration data. The vibration indicator set includes a plurality of vibration indicators that characterize different vibration states of the combustion system.

The vibration data imaging means, in some embodiments, includes a microprocessor and a non-volatile memory (eg, ROM, hard disk, or the like) in which the vibration indicator set is stored. The vibration data imaging means is adapted to process the received vibration data accordingly and to associate it with the vibration indicators. The assignment occurs in some embodiments according to the vibration value represented by the vibration data. Low vibration values are assigned different shrinkage indicators than high vibration values. The vibration values may, for example, represent a vibration amplitude and / or vibration frequency. Consequently, in some embodiments, the vibration indicators are suitable, various Distinguish vibration values and mark accordingly.

Vibration indicator sets may differ depending on the embodiment by the number of different vibration indicators. For the imaging of the vibration indicators on the vibration data or vice versa, the vibration data imaging means is arranged, for example, evenly or unevenly divide a corresponding vibration value range into individual sub-areas, and assign predefined vibration indicators to the individual sub-areas.

The vibration value range is divided into as many sub-ranges as there are vibration indicators in the vibration indicator set. Accordingly, all vibration values that lie in a specific subrange are assigned to a corresponding vibration indicator. This ensures a complete mapping of the vibration data defining corresponding vibration values to the vibration indicators in a vibration indicator set.

The display device further comprises an output means for outputting an analysis curve in which the first and second operating data are plotted against each other, wherein the analysis curve is subdivided into analysis curve elements and wherein each analysis curve element is overlaid with an associated vibration indicator of the vibration indicator data.

The analysis curve represents, as already explained above, in some embodiments, the operating line on which the firing system is operated. In some embodiments, the analysis curve represents the driving line on which the firing system is driven.

Because the oscillation indicators are superimposed on the application of the first and second operating data, the analysis curve represents not only the operating state but also the vibration state at the same time as a result of the vibration indicators.

In some embodiments, the display device is configured to output the analysis curve in near real-time so that the analysis curve represents the actual operating and vibrational state of the firing system in near real time, that is, except for the delay caused by the data transfer and processing.

This makes it possible in some embodiments that during operation of the firing system, the vibration state of the firing system can be analyzed, for example. By appropriate personnel, which is responsible for the control or device of the firing system.

In some embodiments, the association between the vibration data and the first and second operating data is based on a temporal correlation. Thus, in some embodiments, the first and second operating data and the vibration data are determined at the same time or within an identical time period so that the operating state and the vibration state of the firing system are in temporal relation to each other.

In some embodiments, the vibration indicators of a particular vibration indicator set differ by color and / or shape and / or size or other criteria, such as a fill pattern. In some embodiments, therefore, it is important that the vibration indicators visually differ from each other.

In some embodiments, the vibration indicator set includes, for example, a color pallet defined by the known RGB or CMYK color space. The term color pallet is to be understood here as including a grayscale pallet.

In some embodiments, one analysis curve element is characterized by one point. The point is not necessarily round, but can have any shape and size extent. Consequently, point is here to be understood in a functional sense and as a distinguishing criterion to a solid line.

In some embodiments, it is possible by the representation of the analysis curve by points to represent the analysis curve itself, for example, by the vibration indicators. In other embodiments, mixed forms are realized. Thus, in some embodiments, for example, the analysis curve is represented by dots that are colored accordingly. In some embodiments, for example, only a central area of a dot is colored. In some embodiments, the analysis curve elements have a specific shape, such as a circular, elliptical, rectangular or other shape. Also arrow shapes as analysis curve elements are realized in some embodiments, wherein the direction of the arrowheads of the arrow-shaped analysis curve elements the direction of travel of May indicate firing system. Any mixed forms are realized.

In some embodiments, the analysis cursors are configured to characterize a third operational parameter, such as the first and second operational data, from an operational data receiving means and / or read from a file and / or database. The analysis curve elements can be designed, for example, arrow-shaped and the third operating parameters, such as. B. indicate the direction of travel, on the direction and / or shape and / or size. For example, an up arrow may indicate that a third operating parameter is activated, e.g. B. a bypass door is open, and an arrow down can then indicate accordingly that this flap is closed again.

In some embodiments, therefore, it is important that the analysis curve can be displayed in such a way that, on the one hand, the operating line can be recognized and, on the other hand, the state of vibration can be recognized at individual points on the operating line.

In some embodiments, the analysis curve is shown as a line and it is itself color coded according to the vibration indicator set. For this purpose, the line may be shown thicker in order to obtain a good color contrast. This allows two analysis curves, z. B. to compare a first ride with a second ride, are displayed side by side in a plot, which are distinguishable by means of different point symbols. For example, circular points may be used for the first trip and square points for the second trip.

In some embodiments, an acoustic signal, in particular from the display device, is generated and output. The acoustic signal may represent the vibration data and / or the operating data. The acoustic signal is output, for example, if, for example, a current data point, i. H. a current analysis curve element is generated and / or output, and / or when an input device (eg, mouse, keyboard, touchpad or the like) arranges a display element such as a mouse pointer or the like over a current data point.

In some embodiments, the vibration data as an acoustic signal, a sound signal is assigned so that z. B. with increasing oscillation amplitudes, the frequency of the sound signal, so the pitch increases, or the frequency of a constant sound signal, z. As a pips increases.

In some embodiments, in the plots not permissible driving ranges z. B. deposited by a gray area in the map to make the operator unauthorized area from the outset in turn. Not permissible driving ranges can, for. B. for other reasons are not allowed areas, eg. B. impermissible air frequency ranges or areas with already known high vibration values.

Although the invention has hitherto been described with reference to a display device, some embodiments also relate to a method which, for example, is implemented as a computer program. In such a method or computer program, the means mentioned above, i. H. Operating data receiving means, vibration data receiving means, vibration data mapping means, and output means as functions or objects of a computer program.

Furthermore, in some embodiments, the method is implemented as a computer program product.

The method can also be used in the post-processing, ie not in the direct setting of the combustion system, and the recorded vibration data can be displayed accordingly. This makes it easier to plan and optimize new setting trips and to characterize the combustion system.

Some embodiments relate to a method of controlling a firing system using the display device or method as described above.

The method includes the step of starting the firing system along a first driving line. As already stated above, the driving line is an operating line of the firing system along which it is driven. The driving line is, for example, a line resulting from the relationship between the number of air and the associated thermal power. As stated above, however, there are other operating parameters that can form a driving line.

During startup, the first and second operating data of the firing system and the associated oscillation data of the firing system are detected, as already described above. The first and second operating data and the vibration data are supplied to the display device, for example, transmitted via data lines, as stated above.

The display device described above is used to analyze the current Vibration behavior of the firing system used on the basis of the output analysis curve.

In some embodiments, the start-up of the firing system is stopped if a critical vibration state of the firing system is determined in the analysis step. As stated above, due to excessive vibration damage to the firing system can occur within a short time, so that by stopping such damage, especially during a Einrichtungsvorganges the firing system can be avoided.

In some embodiments, especially during a set up operation, the firing system is then run up along a second driving line that is different from the first driving line to avoid the critical vibration state of the firing system. Again, it can be immediately recognized from the analysis curve, whether the firing system gets into a critical state of vibration. It can be tried as long as another driving line until the firing system is optimally set up. The optimum driving line thus determined is then deposited, for example, in a control system of the firing system.

Accordingly, some embodiments also relate to a control device for controlling a firing system. The control device comprises the above-described display device and is configured to carry out the method just described.

Coming back to 1 1, this illustrates an embodiment of the display device described above 1 ,

The display device 1 The components described above have operating data receiving means 2 for receiving first and second operating data of a firing system 6 , Vibration data receiving means 3 for receiving vibration data of the firing system 6 , Vibration data imaging means 4 for mapping received vibration data to a predetermined vibration indicator set 8th . 10 who exemplifies here in a store 4a the vibration data imaging means 4 is stored, and output means 5 to output an analysis curve.

In order to avoid repetition, reference is made in full to the above description in this connection.

In the 2 to 5 Now different embodiments of analysis curves, vibration indicator sets and vibration indicators are illustrated in diagrams, by means of the display device 1 can be generated as described above.

In 2 is a diagram in which the thermal power (y-axis) on the air ratio (x-axis) is plotted and an analysis curve 7 results. The thermal power and the air ratio are determined by the display device 1 as first and second operation data from the operation data receiving means 2 received as described above.

In a similar manner and as described above, the vibration data receiving means receives 3 Vibration data of the firing system 6 , The vibration data is from the vibration data imaging means 4 to a given vibration indicator set 8th displayed.

This vibration indicator set 8th is shown on the left side of the diagram. It is designed here by way of example as a grayscale color pallet so that, for example, one can read which color corresponds to which oscillation amplitude value. The vibration indicator set 8th contains vibration indicators 8a , ..., 8x , which are designed as different shades of gray tone and are indicative of vibration amplitudes. The darker the grayscale, the smaller the oscillation amplitude and the brighter the grayscale, the greater the oscillation amplitude. To visualize this relationship is for the vibration indicator set 8th a grayscale palette, a corresponding scale and the associated unit "oscillation amplitude [Pa]" specified. The unit and scale in the diagram are arbitrarily chosen in this embodiment, and other values can be given.

The of the output means 5 output analysis curve 7 , as stated above, is divided into individual analysis curve elements, here as points 7a . 7b , to 7x are formed. The "x" at the last point " 7x "Of the analysis curve 7 is here to be understood as a placeholder for any number and symbolizes that the invention is not limited to a certain number of points.

The colored, ie gray dots 7a . 7b to 7x indicate the driving or operating line of the combustion system 6 , Every point 7a . 7b , to 7x is a vibration indicator 8a . 8b , to 8x assigned to each point 7a . 7b , to 7x a given fill color is given, as in the grayscale palette 8th are indicated. The fill color of the dots 7a . 7b to 7x is, as described, indicative of the oscillation amplitude of the firing system 6 at the corresponding point of the driving line. The "x" at the last vibration indicator " 8x "Of the analysis curve 7 is here to be understood as a wildcard for any number and symbolizes that the invention is not limited to a certain number of vibration indicators.

Based on the analysis curve 7 can be seen that at high thermal power and air ratio high vibration amplitudes occur, for. B. point 7x with a bright grayscale vibration indicator 8x which corresponds to a high vibration amplitude. It can also be seen that the oscillation amplitude also increases with increasing power. Thus, z. B. even at still mechanically uncritical values by changing the driving line to high vibration amplitudes can be avoided.

3 shows such a diagram, which is analogous to the diagram of 2 is created. Here is the analysis curve 7 with the points 7a ' . 7b ' , ..., 7'x that the driving line compared to the 2 steeper, ie at a lower air ratio, a higher thermal performance is achieved. That the vibration behavior of the firing system 6 is better with this line, can be determined by the vibration indicators 8'a to 8'x take, for example. Compared to 2 only medium gray levels are visible in the analysis curve, and no bright ones.

During operation of the combustion system, the occurring vibration amplitudes very quickly lead to a mechanical destruction of the combustion system 6 , then, as mentioned, these values for the vibration amplitudes should be achieved only briefly or not at all. Therefore, it is important in some embodiments that when adjusting the combustion system 6 a representation according to the 2 online, in real time, is available. So can already during the operation or Einrichtungsvorgangs of the combustion system 6 an assessment is made and an alternative driving line is taken or set.

For this you go as follows and as in 4 illustrated before ( 4 is a diagram analogous to that of the 2 and 3 is produced):
You drive the combustion system 6 along a first driving line "test" 1 until reaching a critical vibration amplitude high, which one of the associated analysis curve 7 "Can take. Then you lower the power and / or the air ratio of the combustion system 6 and increases on an alternative driving line "test 2 "The power and / or the air ratio again and analyzed the vibration status of the firing system based on the analysis curve 7 ". This process is then repeated until an alternative and optimal driving line with permissible vibration amplitudes has been found.

In 5 an alternative embodiment is illustrated in which a vibration indicator set 10 contains different vibration indicators that act as different symbols 10a to 10g are designed. The vibration indicators 10a to 10g are indicative of different vibration amplitudes, as in the scale next to the vibration indicator set 10 is stated and as it is already related to the 2 to 4 has been described. In the diagram of 5 the thermal power is also plotted against the air ratio and it is an analysis curve 9 shown in analysis curve elements, ie points 9a to 9x is divided.

Every point 9a to 9x is now one of the vibration indicators 10a to 10g of the vibration indicator set 10 assigned. How to get the 5 are also several points, for example, the points 9a and 9b the same vibration indicator 10a assigned. This means that the oscillation amplitude of point 9a to 9b not changed so much that the next "higher" vibration indicator 10b had to be assigned.

In this way, as stated above, the vibration behavior of the analysis curve 9 taken and analyzed and the analysis curve 9 shows, for example, that at the last point 9x the highest vibration amplitude value is present, since this with the vibration indicator 10g which is indicative of the highest vibration value.

In 6 FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment in which, in contrast to the exemplary embodiments of FIG 2 to 4 arrow-shaped elements 11a . 11b , ..., 11x as analysis curve elements of an analysis curve 11 be used.

The vibration indicator set 8th This corresponds to the one already mentioned in connection with the 2 to 4 has been described and is designed as a grayscale color palette, so that one can read, for example, which grayscale corresponds to which oscillation amplitude value. The vibration indicator set 8th contains vibration indicators 8''a , ..., 8''x , which are designed as different shades of gray tone and are indicative of vibration amplitudes. The darker the grayscale, the smaller the oscillation amplitude and the brighter the grayscale, the greater the oscillation amplitude. To visualize this relationship, are on the grayscale palette of the vibration indicator set 8th a corresponding scale and the associated unit "vibration amplitude [Pa]" specified. The unit and scale in the diagram are arbitrarily chosen in this embodiment, and other values can be given.

The gray arrows 11a . 11b to 11x indicate the driving or operating line of the combustion system 6 , Every arrow 11a . 11b , to 11x is a vibration indicator 8''a . 8''b , to 8''x assigned by each arrow 11a . 11b , to 11x a given fill color is given, as in the grayscale palette of the vibrational indicator set 8th are specified and as described above. The fill color of the arrows 11a . 11b to 11x is, as described, indicative of the oscillation amplitude of the firing system 6 at the corresponding "arrow point" of the driving line. The arrows 11a . 11b , to 11x are in the analysis curve 11 aligned so that the respective arrowhead of an arrow 11a . 11b , to 11x pointing in the direction of travel, so the analysis curve 11 also indicates the direction of travel of the firing system. This can be helpful in particular in the above-described tuning of the firing system, since the direction of travel with a view of the analysis curve 11 is removable.

As can be seen from a comparison of the vibration indicator sets 8th ( 2 to 4 ) and 10 ( 5 ), the distribution of the vibration values is variable based on the number of available vibration indicators in some embodiments. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the display device is designed such that, for example, the number of vibration indicators and / or the vibration value range is / are predetermined. In some embodiments, a plurality of vibration indicator sets are also predefined and stored in a non-volatile memory and can be selected by a user as needed.

Alternatively to the in 2 to 6 shown vibration amplitudes in a map, you can z. B. also determined from the time values of the vibration RMS value (Root Mean Square) and / or P2P value (peak-to-peak) or the amplitude of the z. B. from a spectral analysis, frequency analysis, bandpass filtering and / or FFT analysis, apply. It can not only z. B. the largest amplitude value of a spectrum but also the value from a so-called band analysis are applied. In the band analysis, the largest amplitude in a certain frequency band is determined in a spectrum. Also already calculated amplitude values, z. As the square of an amplitude value can be represented by vibration indicators (sets) in some embodiments. In other words, in some embodiments, any value that characterizes the vibration to a sufficient extent can be plotted, ie represented by vibration indicators.

In some embodiments, the oscillation frequency is plotted instead of the amplitude, z. B. in a second diagram and the display device 1 is set up accordingly.

Depending on the combustion system or firing system can be applied in some embodiments, instead of the air ratio or the thermal power of a different size, as already indicated above. This may be the mass flow of a particular air or gas feed or a fuel split size, such as the ratio of premix gas to pilot gas in a firing system that uses gas as fuel. Also, an indirect size can be applied, such. B. the electrical power when wave power is generated by the combustion system in a thermal cycle process, which in turn is used to drive a generator. As an alternative to the fuel mass flow, the stroke of a fuel valve can also be applied. As an alternative to the air ratio, the ionization current of an ionization probe or the combustion chamber temperature or the exhaust gas temperature can also be plotted. It is also possible to represent a temperature proportional to the combustion chamber temperature and / or a variable proportional to a mass flow of air and / or fuel supply, and / or the ratio of air to fuel supply in a mass flow of the combustion system or a variable proportional thereto.

The present invention is not intended to be limited to a particular firing system or combustion system. In principle, the present invention can be applied to any type of combustion system or combustion system in which undesirable vibrations occur in the combustion mode.

Claims (14)

Display device for analyzing a vibration behavior of a firing system, the display device comprising: - an operating data receiving means ( 2 ) for receiving first and second operating data of the firing system, wherein the first and second operating data characterize different operating parameters of the firing system that influence a vibration state of the firing system, - a vibration data receiving means ( 3 ) for receiving vibration data of the firing system, which are associated with the first and second operating data of the firing system and characterize the vibration state of the firing system, A vibration data imaging means ( 4 ), which converts the received vibration data to a predetermined vibration indicator set ( 8th . 10 ) and outputs the vibration data corresponding vibration indicator data, wherein the vibration indicator set ( 8th . 10 ) several vibration indicators ( 8a , ..., 8x ; 10a , ..., 10g ) characterizing different vibration states of the firing system, and - an output means ( 5 ) for outputting an analysis curve ( 7 . 9 . 11 ), in which the first and second operating data are plotted against each other, wherein the analysis curve ( 7 . 9 . 11 ) in analysis curve elements ( 7a , ..., 7x ; 9a , ..., 9x ; 11a , ..., 11x ) and wherein each analysis curve element ( 7a , ..., 7x ; 9a , ..., 9x ; 11a , ..., 11x ) an associated vibration indicator ( 8a , ..., 8x ; 10a , ..., 10g ) is superimposed on the vibration indicator data. Display device according to claim 1, wherein the first and / or second operating data is an air number, an exhaust gas temperature, a firebox temperature, a temperature proportional to the combustion chamber temperature, a power, in particular thermal or electrical power, and / or a mass flow of air and / or fuel supply or proportional size, and / or characterize the ratio of air to fuel feed in a mass flow of the firing system. Display device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the vibration data characterize an amplitude and / or frequency of the vibration state of the firing system. Display device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the link between the vibration data and the first and second operating data is based on a temporal correlation. Display device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the vibration indicators ( 8a , ..., 8x ; 10a , ..., 10g ) of the vibration indicator set ( 8th . 10 ) by the color and / or shape and / or size. Display device according to one of the preceding claims, in which in each case an analysis curve element ( 7a , ..., 7x ; 9a , ..., 9x ; 11a , ..., 11x ) is characterized by a dot. Display device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the analysis curve elements ( 11a , ..., 11x ) are designed such that they characterize a third operating parameter. Display device according to claim 7, wherein the analysis curve elements ( 11a , ..., 11x ) are designed arrow-shaped and specify the third operating parameter on the direction and / or shape and / or size. Display device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the operating data and / or vibration data from a data file and / or a database are received. Display device according to one of the preceding claims, which is further adapted to output an acoustic signal, wherein the acoustic signals representing the vibration data and / or operating data. Method for controlling a firing system using a display device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, the method comprising the steps of: - starting up the firing system ( 6 ) along a first driving line ( 7 . 7 '' ), - during start-up, recording the first and second operating data of the firing system ( 6 ) and the associated vibration data of the firing system ( 6 ) and supplying the first and second operating data and the vibration data to the display device ( 1 ), and - using the display device ( 1 ) for analyzing the instantaneous vibration behavior of the firing system ( 6 ) based on the output analysis curve ( 7 . 9 . 11 ). The method of claim 11, further comprising the step of: - stopping the startup step if a critical vibration condition of the firing system ( 6 ) is determined in the analysis step. The method of claim 11 or 12, further comprising the step of: - starting up the firing system ( 6 ) along a second driving line ( 7 ''' ), which differ from the first driving line ( 7 '' ) is to the critical vibration state of the firing system ( 6 ) to avoid. Control device for controlling a firing system, which comprises a display device according to one of claims 1 to 10 and is adapted to carry out the method according to one of claims 11 to 13.

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