DE102008030578A1 - Device for driving and suspension influencing drive wheel of vehicle, has electric motors couplable with gear arrangement, where power of motors is divided for vehicle drive and vehicle suspension based on actual operating condition - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (1) has electric motors couplable with a gear arrangement e.g. planetary gear arrangement, a wheel drive and a suspension arrangement e.g. spiral spring (7). Power of the electric motors is divided for a vehicle drive and a vehicle suspension based on an actual operating condition and/or an actual driving condition of a vehicle and/or an actual environment condition of vehicle environment. The electric motors, the gear arrangement and the suspension arrangement form an integrated unit. An independent claim is also included for a method for driving and suspension influencing a drive wheel of a wheel.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for driving and for suspension control a drive wheel of a vehicle according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for driving and suspension control a drive wheel of a vehicle according to the features of the preamble of claim 5.

From the prior art is, as in DE 103 20 053 A1 described a method for operating a damper element for a chassis of a motor vehicle and an apparatus for operating the method known. In this device, a hydraulic cylinder is connected via a hydraulic connection to a hydraulic accumulator, wherein a pump arranged in the hydraulic connection is associated with an electrical machine which converts the kinetic energy of the pump into energy and stores it in an energy store.

The Speed of the pump and / or the electric machine is used as a measure of the relative speed between the vehicle and the vehicle body to illustrate an adaptive damping in a control electronics detected.

These Device or this method uses to adaptive damping to realize a vehicle, a combination of hydraulics and electrics, d. H. It has to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy, cached and be used again later to operate the hydraulic pump. These conversion processes are not very efficient, resulting in energy losses occur.

Out DE 196 00 420 C1 is a single-wheel drive for an electrically powered vehicle known. The fully sprung drive has an arranged next to the drive wheel inner rotor motor whose rotor is seated on a hollow shaft, which is connected via an angular and axial-compliant coupling with a clutch and gear shaft in torque connection, wherein the stator with the motor housing on the chassis is fixed and wherein a planetary gear or planetary planetary gear is provided.

Of the The invention is based on the object of providing an improved suspension and drive unit.

The The object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1 and a method with the features of claim 6 solved.

preferred Embodiments and developments of the invention are in the dependent Claims specified.

Preferably be at least two electric motors via a gear assembly both with a wheel drive and with a suspension arrangement coupled.

In a device for driving and for influencing the suspension of a Drive wheel of a vehicle and a method for operating this device are at least two electric motors according to the invention over a gear arrangement with both a wheel drive and with a suspension arrangement can be coupled.

These Device is designed as an integrated unit, so for example for use in vehicles four of these devices, d. H. a device for each wheel of the vehicle, usable are controlled by a central unit.

Especially it is advantageous that a equipped with this device Vehicle is driven not only by electric motors, but also via a so-called adaptive suspension system has, d. H. a dynamic influence on the movements a vehicle body by means of an active suspension system allows is. The preload of the suspension of the vehicle is for every single wheel by means of the electric motors of the respective driving situation customizable, as the suspension of the vehicle in the integrated unit this device is arranged, which on each drive wheel of the Vehicle is arranged.

On this way, tilting of the vehicle about the transverse axis, for example during braking and acceleration as well as rolling movements the vehicle about the longitudinal axis, for example during Cornering counteracted, reducing the driving stability of the vehicle as well as the efficiency of the drive, the brakes as well as more active Security systems such as an electronic stability program increase.

Of Further is also the level, d. H. the ground clearance of the vehicle adjustable in stand or when driving straight ahead. This way you can lowered the vehicle, for example, at high speeds what the air resistance and thus the energy consumption lowers. In the state, the vehicle is lowered, for example, to the To facilitate loading and unloading of the vehicle or the height the vehicle is on for easy entry and exit optimal height adjustable.

In the solution according to the invention takes place a change in the preload of the suspension, in contrast to similar systems of the prior art, directly by means of integrated in the device electric motors, which are also used to drive the vehicle. An energy conversion, such as an electrically operated hydraulic pump, and the associated energy losses omitted.

systems according to the prior art, for example, electrically operated translational suspension actuators, are with a large Required space and weight, as storage elements for Energy buffering as well as line elements for energy transport needed. This is the invention Solution much more efficient than state-of-the-art systems of the technique.

Other Possibilities of directly influencing an active one Suspension system, d. H. without a lossy energy conversion, For example, by means of a used for driving a vehicle Internal combustion engine, would be with a very high technical Effort and would be a large amount of space claim why such systems would be very costly and are not efficient to use.

through the solution according to the invention is the Regulated power of the electric motors via planetary superposition gear according to the respective driving situation on the drive and the Changing the bias of the suspension split, also the full power of the electric motors each exclusively can be used for driving or adjusting the suspension is. Energy losses, for example due to sliding couplings, omitted. To further increase efficiency by means of the invention Solution also an energy recovery from vehicle deceleration and suspension performance allows.

embodiments The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings.

there demonstrate:

1 a horizontal section through a device according to the invention,

2 a diagram of a four-quadrant operation of a controlled electric motor,

3 a flow chart of a power split,

4 a schematic representation of a first operating state,

5 a schematic representation of a second operating state,

6 a schematic representation of a third operating state,

7 a schematic representation of a fourth operating state,

8th a schematic representation of a fifth operating state and

9 a horizontal section through a vertically cut further embodiment of the solution according to the invention.

each other corresponding parts are in all figures with the same reference numerals Mistake.

1 shows a horizontal section through a device according to the invention 1 , A housing 2 the device 1 is arranged on a vehicle body not shown here. A spring wing 3 which is a drive wheel 4 carries is about rolling bearings 5 with the housing 2 connected. The housing 2 is in this area by means of a seal 6 sealed against externally penetrating impurities.

A first spiral spring 7 for the passive suspension of the vehicle as well as for the level adjustment, ie the adjustment of the vehicle height, is at one end to the spring arm 3 and with the other end on a central shaft 8th arranged. By turning this central shaft 8th becomes the tension of this first coil spring 7 increased or reduced, resulting in a movement of the spring rocker 3 and thus leads to an increase or decrease of the vehicle. In this way, the vehicle height can be lowered, for example, to facilitate loading and unloading or adapted for easy entry and exit. While driving, the vehicle height can be reduced to reduce air resistance and thus energy consumption.

The central wave 8th is about a worm gear 9 with a clutch disc 10 a first clutch 11 and about this with a first sun gear 12 a first planetary gear of the device 1 connected. At this first sun wheel 12 a first rotor R _{E1 of} a first electric motor E1 is arranged. A second rotor R _{E2 of} a second electric motor E2 is in the illustrated embodiment via at least two planetary gears 13 of the first planetary gear with this first sun gear 12 connected. The second rotor R _{E2 of} the second electric motor E2 thus provides a first ring gear 14 of the first planetary gear is.

The rotational movement of the rotors R _E1 , R _E2 is closed when the first clutch 11 over the worm gear 9 on the central shaft 8th transferable and thereby the tension of the first coil spring 7 adjustable by means of electric motors E1, E2.

The first sun wheel 12 of the first planetary gear is via a second clutch 15 with one outside the case 2 arranged large pulley 16 connected so that the rotational movement of the first sun gear 12 with closed second clutch 15 on the big pulley 16 and by means of a drive belt 17 on a small pulley 18 is transmitted. This is by means of a drive shaft 19 with the drive wheel 4 connected to the vehicle so that it is driven by the two electric motors E1, E2.

Two stators S _E1 , S _{E2 of} the two electric motors E1, E2 are not fixed to the housing 2 the device 1 but with a second sun gear 20 a second planetary gear and planetary gears 21 of the second planetary gear with a second ring gear 22 of the second planetary gear. This second ring gear 22 is in the illustrated embodiment with one end of a second coil spring 23 connected. The other end of this second coil spring 23 is with the spring swing 3 connected.

In this way, depending on the driving situation and the resulting inclination of the vehicle body of a central control unit, not shown, the electric motors E1, E2 are controlled such that from the stators S _E1 , S _E2 a total support torque M _{SG is} generated, which by means of the second planetary gear on the second spiral spring 23 is transferred, so that the inclination movement of the vehicle body, for example, by increasing the spring tension of the second coil spring 23 counteracted.

In another, not shown embodiment, instead of the second coil spring 23 further planetary gear can be arranged, so that the total support torque M _{SG of} the stators S _E1 , S _{E2 of} the electric motors E1, E2 via this planetary gear directly to the spring rocker 3 is transmitted.

The inventive solution allows the Drive a vehicle by means of electric motors E1, E2 and at the same time an influence on the suspension system of the vehicle by means of this Drive motors E1, E2. This makes a vehicle with an energy efficient working adaptive suspension system equipable, since no loss-related energy conversion is more necessary for example by means of an electrically operated hydraulic pump.

The Solution according to the invention allows a compact and space-saving design, since the electric motors E1, E2, the planetary gear and the suspension in an integrated Assembly are arranged.

2 shows a diagram of a four-quadrant operation of a general controlled electric motor. Such an electric motor can also be used as a generator, ie for energy recovery.

Is a motor torque M _E and an engine speed n _{E of} the controlled electric motor positive, as in the first quadrant I shown, the engine outputs power, for example, to drive when driving forwards the vehicle. If the engine speed n _{E is} negative, ie the direction of rotation of the controlled electric motor is opposite, but the torque M _{E of} the controlled electric motor is positive, as in the second quadrant II shown, the regulated electric motor also outputs power, for example to the drive when reversing the vehicle.

Is the torque M _E negative, as in the third and fourth quadrant III . IV shown, so the regulated electric motor acts as a generator, ie it acts as a brake for the vehicle and takes, according to the positive or negative speed n _E when driving forward or reverse, on energy. The kinetic energy of the vehicle is not destroyed by conventional brakes, but can be recovered by being converted into electrical energy by means of the electric motor now acting as a generator and stored for example in a battery.

3 shows a flow diagram of a power distribution of the two electric motors E1, E2 of the inventive solution by means of a gear G. Both electric motors E1, E2 can be controlled so that their power output P _E1 , P _E2 each between zero percent and 50 percent of the maximum total power of the device 1 is.

About in the device 1 Integrated gear assembly G, the delivered power P _E1 , P _{E2 of} the electric motors E1, E2 variable as power P _R to the drive of the drive wheel 4 of the vehicle or as a power P _F for changing the spring tension of the second coil spring 23 be distributed so that, for example, the total power P _E1 , P _{E2 of} both electric motors E1, E2 for driving the drive wheel 4 is available, or the total power P _E1 , P _E2 to increase the spring tension of the second coil spring 23 , or the power is distributed proportionally to both consumers.

through This arrangement according to the invention is thus a very flexible and efficient service delivery for given all driving situations of the vehicle. It stands in particular enough power for an efficient suspension system available as this with the power of the vehicle drive used electric motors E1, E2 is operated.

In the 4 to 9 Several possible operating states of the solution according to the invention are shown in a simplified form.

4 shows a schematic representation of a first operating state. The directions of rotation D1, D2 of the rotors R _E1 , R _{E2 of} the two electric motors E1, E2 are opposite. The electromagnetic drive torques, ie the torques M _RE1 , M _{RE2 of} the rotors R _E1 , R _E2 are based on the stators S _E1 , S _E2 . The size of the torque of a rotor is equal to the size of the supporting torque of the associated stator. The direction of torque and associated support torque is opposite.

However, the stators S _E1 , S _E2 are not fixed to the housing 2 the device 1 but at the second sun gear 20 arranged the second planetary gear, so as the rotors R _E1 , R _E2 rotatably mounted. A total support torque M _{SG of} the stators S _E1 , S _E2 acts via the second sun gear 20 on the planet wheels 21 of the second planetary gear and of these to the second ring gear 22 of the second planetary gear, which with one end of the second coil spring 23 connected is. The second end of this second coil spring 23 is with the spring swing 3 connected to the suspension of the vehicle. The tension of this second spiral spring 23 is changed via this planetary gear by the total support torque M _{SG of} the stators S _E1 , S _E2 .

In 4 the moments M _RE1 , M _{SE1 of} the first electric motor E1 are greater than the moments M _RE2 , M _{SE2 of} the second electric motor E2. By means of the gear ratio through the planet gears 13 of the first planetary gear between the rotors R _E1 , R _E2 add up the torques M _RE1 , M _RE2 and give a total torque M _RG for driving the drive wheel 4 ,

The support moments M _SE1 , M _{SE2 of} the two stators S _E1 , S _E2 act opposite to each other, since both stators S _E1 , S _E2 directly to the second sun gear 20 of the second planetary gear are connected. The support torque M _{SE1 of} the stator S _{E1 of} the first electric motor E1 is thus partially canceled by the opposite but smaller support torque M _{SE2 of} the stator S _{E2 of} the second electric motor E2. The remaining total support moment M _SG acts on the planetary gear on the second coil spring 23 , in the operating state shown here, it reduces the voltage of the second coil spring 23 ,

5 shows a schematic representation of a second operating state. The moments M _RE1 , M _SE1 , M _RE2 , M _SE2 both electric motors E1, E2 are the same size, ie the support moments M _SE1 , M _{SE2 of} the stators S _E1 , S _E2 neutralize, so that no effect on the suspension of the vehicle , The torques M _RE1 , M _{RE2 of} the rotors R _E1 , R _E2 add up, so that a maximum total torque M _RG for driving the drive wheel 4 is available.

6 shows a schematic representation of a third operating state. The moments M _RE1 , M _{SE1 of} the first electric motor E1 are smaller than the moments M _RE2 , M _{SE2 of} the second electric motor E2. The support torque M _{SE2 of} the stator S _{E2 of} the second electric motor E2 is partially canceled by the support torque M _{SE1 of} the stator S _{E1 of} the first electric motor E1. The remaining total supporting moment M _SG acts on the suspension, ie the tension of the second spiral spring 23 will be raised.

This operating state occurs, for example, when the vehicle is driving through a right turn and this device 1 is arranged on the left side of the vehicle. The vehicle tilts in a right-hand bend to the left. To counteract this tendency, the tension of the suspension is increased on the left side of the vehicle. Thus, the vehicle remains in a stable road position, which significantly reduces the risk of rollover of the vehicle and the forces occurring evenly distributed to all tires of the vehicle, so that the efficiency of power transmission from the vehicle to the road is significantly increased.

steering, Braking and cornering forces can of all wheels evenly on the Road are transferred. Thereby as well as through the associated increase in the efficiency of active safety systems of the vehicle, the driving safety of the vehicle is increased.

7 shows a schematic representation of a fourth operating state. The first electric motor E1 has no torque M _RE1 and therefore also no support torque M _SE1 , so it runs at idle. The torque M _{RE2 of} the rotor R _{E2 of} the second electric motor E2 becomes the drive of the drive wheel 4 used. The support torque M _{SE2 of} the stator S _{E2 of} the second electric motor E2 acts completely on the suspension system, ie on the second coil spring 23 , one. This causes a maximum possible rebound of this drive wheel 4 with simultaneously acting torque M _RG on the drive wheel 4 , The moment M _{RE2 of} the electric motor E2 becomes the drive of the drive wheel 4 and on the support torque S2 to increase the voltage of the second coil spring 23 divided up.

This operating state occurs, for example, when this device 1 is arranged on the left side of the vehicle and this vehicle continues to drive through a right turn accelerating. Without this device according to the invention 1 would the vehicle in this situation may already overturn or at least have a much more unstable driving, since with a strong slope to the left, the wheels on the right side of the vehicle can transmit very little force on the road, because of the relief of these wheels the coefficient of static friction between the wheel and the road is only very small.

With the solution according to the invention will also counteracted in this situation, the inclination of the vehicle, so that these are canceled or at least significantly reduced.

8th shows a schematic representation of a fifth operating state. The torques M _RE1 , M _{RE2 of} both rotors R _E1 , R _E2 act in the same direction. However, because the rotors R _E1 , R _E2 via planetary gears 13 coupled to the first planetary gear, cancel the torques M _RE1 , M _RE2 in this situation. So there is no total torque M _RG for the drive of the drive wheel 4 to disposal. For example, the vehicle rolls at a largely constant speed on a level track.

The support moments M _SE1 , M _{SE2 of} the stators S _E1 , S _{R2 also} act in the same direction. Since the stators S _E1 , S _{E2 are} not coupled via planetary gear, but both on the second sun gear 20 are arranged in the second planetary gear, the supporting moments M _SE1 , M _SE2 add up in this operating state to a maximum possible total support torque M _SG , which on the second coil spring 23 acts and to a maximum possible rebound of the drive wheel 4 leads.

This is the case, for example, when the vehicle, on the left side of this device 1 is arranged, a tight right turn at very high speed without accelerating. To prevent the vehicle from tilting to the left, the tension of the springs on the left side of the vehicle is increased.

9 shows a horizontal section through a vertically cut further embodiment of the solution according to the invention. In this embodiment, the stators S _E1 , S _{E2 of} the two electric motors E1, E2 are fixed to the housing 2 the device 1 connected.

The total torque M _{RG of} the rotors R _E1 , R _{E2 of} the two electric motors E1, E2 is here via a first planetary gear for driving the drive wheel 4 used and via a second planetary gear with associated planetary gears 21 and associated ring gear 22 and a third planetary gear with associated planetary gears 24 and associated ring gear 25 for changing the tension of the second coil spring 23 used.

The strength of the change in the tension of the second coil spring 23 is determined by a Differenzverdrehwinkel caused by the different speeds of the two rotors R _E1 , R _E2 . The greater the difference in the rotational speeds of the two rotors R _E1 , R _E2 , the greater is the change in the voltage of the second spiral spring 23 ,

The mean value of the rotational speeds of the two rotors R _E1 , R _E2 gives the rotational speed of the first sun gear 12 of the first planetary gear and thus determines the rotational speed of the drive wheel.

1

contraption

2

casing

3

swing arm

4

drive wheel

5

roller bearing

6

poetry

7

first spiral spring

8th

central wave

9

worm gear

10

clutch disc

11

first clutch

12

first sun

13

planetary gears of the first planetary gear

14

first ring gear

15

second clutch

16

size pulley

17

belts

18

small pulley

19

drive shaft

20

second sun

21

planetary gears of the second planetary gear

22

second ring gear

23

second spiral spring

24

planetary gears of the third planetary gear

25

third ring gear

I

first quadrant

II

second quadrant

III

third quadrant

IV

fourth quadrant

E1

first electric motor

E2

second electric motor

G

transmission assembly

P _E1

power of the first electric motor

P _E2

power of the second electric motor

P _R

power for the drive

P _F

power for the suspension

R _E1

first rotor

R _E2

second rotor

S _E1

first stator

S _E2

second stator

M _RE1

torque of the first rotor

M _SE1

support moment of the first stator

M _RE2

torque of the second rotor

M _SE2

support moment of the second stator

M _RG

total torque

M _SG

Total support moment

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10320053 A1 [0002]
• - DE 19600420 C1 [0005]

Claims (11)

Contraption ( 1 ) for driving and for influencing the suspension of a drive wheel ( 4 ) of a vehicle, characterized in that the power of at least one electromechanical energy converter (E1, E2), depending on a current operating state and / or a current driving state of the vehicle and / or a current environmental condition of the vehicle environment, is split between the vehicle drive and the vehicle suspension , Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two electric motors (E1, E2) are provided which can be coupled via a gear arrangement (G) both with a wheel drive and with a suspension arrangement. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gear arrangement (G) comprises a plurality of planetary gears. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the suspension arrangement comprises at least one spiral spring ( 7 ) or a plurality of coil springs. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least two electric motors (E1, E2), the gear arrangement (G) and the suspension arrangement form an integrated unit. Method for driving and for influencing the suspension of a drive wheel ( 4 ) of a vehicle, characterized in that the power of at least one electromechanical energy converter (E1, E2), depending on a current operating state and / or a current driving state of the vehicle and / or a current environmental condition of the vehicle environment, is split between the vehicle drive and the vehicle suspension , Method according to Claim 6, characterized that at least two electric motors (E1, E2) via a Transmission arrangement (G) both with a wheel drive and with a Suspension arrangement can be coupled. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that a total torque (M _RG ) of the drive wheel of torques (M _RE1 , M _RE2 ) of both electric motors (E1, E2) is formed. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that supporting moments (M _SE1 , M _SE2 ) of the two electric motors (E1, E2) are used for adjusting a spring tension of the suspension arrangement. Method according to Claim 6, characterized that a differential torsion angle of the electric motors (E1, E2) for Adjusting the spring tension of the suspension arrangement is used. Arrangement for driving and for influencing the suspension of a vehicle, comprising a plurality of devices ( 1 ) according to claim 1, which are operated by means of the method according to claim 6, and at least one central unit for the central control of the arrangement.