DE102008014078A1 - Thin slab-shaped light-transmitting fiber building block for use as heat storage element in light element of facade element, has optical fibers tied into textile planar structure, and structure formed from cast material with additives - Google Patents

Abstract

The block has a structure formed from a cast material (5) i.e. concrete. Optical fibers (12) are arranged parallel to each other in the structure. Front sides of the fibers are openly laid at front sides of the block. Light passed into the front side of one fiber is guided to another side of another fiber. The fibers are tied into a textile planar structure (11) that is made of polyester. The cast material has additives that are formed from recycling material. The block having a logo is inserted into an opaque slab. The additives are selected from glass and glass pieces such as bottle glass of same or different color, metal such as precious metal, wood piece, stone, brick piece, plastic and other organic and inorganic materials. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for constructing a light-transmitting fiber building block (2) a light element including a light source.

Description

The The invention relates to a building block with translucent Fibers according to the preamble of claim 1.

In the WO 03/097954 A1 is a building block with translucent fibers described, which consists of a bonded concrete, in the layers of individual light guides are inserted. It is a very complex and difficult manufacturing process, because it must first be prepared a layer of concrete, and in the still wet concrete optical fibers are parallel as possible side by side inserted in such a way that the respective optical fiber with its one end on one side of the concrete material and with the other end face on the opposite side of the concrete material looks out. If this known concrete material is irradiated from the one end face with a light source, then the optical fibers embedded in the concrete guide the light through the concrete to the other side. He becomes translucent, so to speak.

With the subject of DE 93 10 500 U1 the basic idea of a translucent component has become known, wherein a cast stone is used, which is suitable for the production of walls, ceilings or floors. Again, it is merely disclosed to insert fiber optic cable in the wet concrete mass, just before setting, which are then enclosed by the setting and hardening concrete, so that they are ultimately poured into the device. Again, there is the disadvantage that it is spoken of individual optical fiber cables, which usually have to be inserted by hand, which leads to unacceptably high production costs.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a block with translucent Fibers and a method of making this device so that the manufacturing costs are significantly reduced and that the production as a whole simplified and more reliable.

The Task is solved by a block according to claim 1 or a method according to claim 19. Further developments The invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Further Features and benefits of the invention result from the description of embodiments based of the accompanying drawings. From the figures show:

1 : Schematically illustrates the production of a translucent concrete material in a casting mold;

2 : schematizes the section according to the line II-II in 1 ;

3 : Section through a concrete material according to the invention;

4 : View of the visible side of the concrete material behind 3 when lit from the back;

5 a first embodiment for the production of ornaments of optical fibers;

6 : enlarged and partial representation of a textile fabric in the plan view with representation of the body bond of mutually parallel optical fibers;

7 a second embodiment for the production of a luminous ornament in a concrete material;

8th a third embodiment in which the illuminated side of the concrete material is covered with stencils or covering colors; and

9 : the visible side of the arrangement 8th ; and

10 the use of the concrete block as a facade element.

In 1 is schematized a mold 1 shown, which consists essentially of a rotating trough, which can have any shape. The trough can be rectangular, square or round.

In the interior 2 the mold 1 Here is a lift table 3 arranged in the direction of the arrows 8th down is gradually movable.

Above the lift table 3 is a chute 4 arranged over which a still liquid casting material 5 , the Z. B. concrete may be in the direction of arrow 6 on the surface of the lifting table 3 abandoned and distributed there. It will be a first location 9 made of concrete, as in 2 is shown.

The first layer of concrete, for example, has a height of 3 mm and this layer is now according to the invention a textile fabric 11 placed, which preferably the entire surface of the lifting table 3 fills, ie the preferred the later outer dimensions of the lifting table 3 produced concrete block corresponds.

Of course, the invention is not limited thereto. It can also smaller sections te from textile fabrics 11 can be inserted or these fabrics can also multiply distributed and piecewise form a layer.

After pouring the first layer 9 and the laying of the textile fabric 11 the lift table is a small amount down in the direction of the arrow 8th method, so that in the space upwards towards the peripheral Wandun conditions 7 forming a receiving space into which the second layer 10 of the concrete is poured.

Also, this layer has, for example, a thickness of 3 mm and as soon as this layer is applied, a new layer of a textile fabric is created 11 on the top location 10 applied and inserted.

The layers on the superimposed and mutually parallel textile fabrics 11 are thus penetrated by the still liquid concrete and firmly bound into the concrete matrix.

It is important that the textile fabric 11 is formed so that optical fibers 12 from the one end face of the concrete block to the other end face, because they are in this way in the fabric 11 are held.

At the completion of a concrete block 16 One recognizes that additional additives 17 in the concrete mass 18 are integrated, so that the concrete material has an attractive appearance, even if it is not lit. As additives, recycled materials are preferably used in the present embodiment. This includes, inter alia, glass and glass fragments such. As bottle glass of the same or different colors, metals, including precious metals, pieces of wood, stones, pieces of brick, plastics, precious glasses, arbitrarily arranged glass rods and other organic and inorganic materials. After completion of the block this can be subjected to a surface treatment such. As brushing, smoothing, acidification, milling, etc.

By the use of recycled materials as aggregates will be the Significantly reduced manufacturing costs for a cast stone and a great design freedom for the outside Appearance won.

Also the heat storage property of such a device can by the choice of suitable additives, for. Stones or bricks, increase. Anyway, has a building block with optical fibers a better heat absorption property, since heat radiation passes through the optical fibers in the interior of the block and can be recorded there. The heat absorption is so not restricted to the outer surfaces of the building block.

alternative Instead of concrete, one can be predominantly or entirely be used made of recycled materials casting material.

Out 3 it can be seen that the textile fabrics 11 are each arranged parallel to each other and the respective optical fibers 12 towards the plane of the drawing 3 are directed.

One after 3 manufactured cast stone 16 then lights up according to 4 if it is illuminated from the back by the light source, so that you can see the individual illuminated end faces 19 the optical fibers 12 can recognize.

ever greater the aggregate parts contained in the concrete are, the more curved is the course of the textile fabrics and thus the points of light on the face of the module.

Now, according to the invention, the optical fibers 12 in a textile fabric 11 are bound, it is readily possible, such textile fabrics in the form of spatial designs in the concrete block 16 to insert and cure successively, so that after 5 corresponding illuminated logos 20 . 21 result.

This is individual in the mold 1 inserted optical fiber cables possible only with extremely high effort, and this is the invention with little effort, therefore, because the textile fabric 11 bend and deform in any position

Such a textile fabric 11 shows for example the 6 where it can be seen that in a basic container 14 individual polyester fibers are formed as knitted fabric and form stitches there, wherein the optical fibers in the mesh 12 are acted on, thus having a parallel mutual distance from each other.

For the sake of clarity, see the optical fibers 12 in 6 on the upper and lower end of the basic container 14 out, which is not true. This is shown for illustrative purposes only, and the binding fibers still partially illustrated 13 thus extend to the front side of the optical fibers 12 , The fiber optic fibers 12 So they are in the form of a body bond 15 in the basic container 14 fixed.

In addition to the production of illuminated logos 20 . 21 in 5 from correspondingly deformed textile fabrics 11 Of course it is also possible, a cast stone 16 with a logo incorporated there and cut into a larger stone slab 22 to insert a light effect in the flagstone there 22 reach, which is not translucent itself.

8th and 9 show further embodiments, where it can be seen that on one side of the concrete block 16 a light source 23 is arranged, which is a light in the direction of the arrow 24 against the back of the concrete block 16 passes. On this back is z. B. an opaque stencil 26 arranged, which forms part of the light-receiving end faces 19 the optical fibers 12 obscured, leaving on the visible side 25 only a part of the optical fibers is brought to light and this in turn a luminous logo 20 according to 9 is produced.

Otherwise, the template 26 but also opaque, thus a shadow through the concrete block 16 train through, giving a shadow-light sensation on the visible side 25 is visible.

Likewise, it is possible to certain parts of the light-receiving side through opaque covers 27 cover and leave these covers either (to create a shadow) or the covers 27 later to ensure the passage of light at these points, while in other places the light transmission is not possible.

Incidentally, it is provided that after the production of the molding in the mold 1 this molding is first cut off at the end faces to the luminous Stirnsei th of the optical fibers 12 expose. The side edges of the molding are cut off, for example, to a depth of 1 cm, so the front sides 19 the optical fibers 12 expose.

For the in 8th shown light element can be used as light sources 23 Light bulbs, fluorescent tubes, halogen lamps, LEDs or any other light source can be used. The light sources can be adjusted in their brightness adjustable (dimmable) in order to adjust the lighting effect can.

The opaque template 26 may be omitted, so that no light-receiving end faces 19 the optical fibers 12 are covered.

The light sources may be of different colors, or filters (not shown in the drawing) may be provided to pass through the optical fibers 12 to filter light passing through.

Preferably, the filter or filters are in addition to or instead of the opaque template 26 arranged so that they at least part of the light-receiving end faces 19 the optical fibers 12 cover.

The light source 23 can be separated from the cast stone 16 be provided, or it may be integrated with it to a luminous module, which can be used as a self-luminous decorative element.

Of course it is possible, the molded article thus produced even further to disassemble into thin plates to make it relatively thin Produce concrete material panels.

As already mentioned at the beginning, can with the not only concrete slabs are produced, but z. As well as tiles or shells made of concrete and other materials, except Concrete, the z. B. partly or wholly from recycled materials or ground recycled powders.

Accordingly is the word "building block" in the description and To understand the claims so that all kinds of Construction elements for wall-floor or facade coverings or similar architectural elements for indoor and exterior architecture are included.

One Such building block can also be used in conjunction with other materials be used. For example, the device may be considered thin Plate formed on a transparent support such as B. is applied a glass or plastic disc is. The Connection can for example by gluing or screwing respectively. By such a composite material of the concrete block according to the invention is saved and yet provided a stable device. The thickness and The material is chosen so that the required stability is achieved.

building blocks in the form of thin plates can with or without transparent Carrier example, as a balcony railing or facade element frameless or with frame and with or without backlighting become.

10 shows an application of such panels as facade elements. A facade 30 is in several facade elements 31 divided. The facade elements can be firmly attached or suspended tilt or pivot. Each facade element consists of a plate of the construction described above with or without a transparent support. The slab may be framed or framed in the facade.

In This application can also heat storage properties of the block. In summer, the facade is shaded, for example with an awning so that the stones stay cool. By Panning the facade elements can heat to the outside be delivered. In winter, the facade absorbs radiant heat up and save it.

Thereby, that the optical fibers by their introduction into a textile Fabrics are easier to handle than individual ones Optical fiber, is the inventive method also for the automation of the manufacturing process of light modules suitable.

When Textile fabrics can be knitted polyester threads be used, in which relatively parallel to each other, the optical fibers are involved. It is therefore active meshes in which Maschenverbund the optical fibers are involved and thus be kept parallel and at a distance. Instead of polyester fibers Of course, other fibers than textile fabrics are used, such. B. also natural Fibers or synthetic fibers or even such fibers that are dissolve under the action of concrete slurry.

Instead of the production of a knitted fabric come Of course, other body bindings into consideration. Such textile bonds are z. B. all known fabric bonds, as they are known as woven goods, as Knitwear, as nonwoven composites and the like more. It will consequently claims all textile fabrics, with which it succeeds, optical fibers parallel and at a distance to fix, so that these together with the textile fabric can be inserted into the mold.

Of course such fabrics can also be doubled be trained, d. H. it can be double-layered fabric, Knitted fabrics or knitted fabrics are inserted or the said textile Sheets can also be in shape right from the start of certain curves, ornaments or other form-forming layers be inserted to later, produced from it Material to produce a specific illuminated ornamentation.

The Translucent fibers can also be used in more be introduced as a direction in the building block, so that light from multiple pages to multiple pages.

The Incidentally, the invention is not based on the use of a Concrete material limited. It is indeed under the present invention, when in the mold a self-compacting concrete is filled in with a set retarder is offset. this leads to to that after pouring the concrete into the mold an adjustable time of z. B. 3 hours until the beginning of setting passes.

The Of course, invention is not self-compacting Concrete materials limited, but there are all building materials into consideration, when freshly dressed with water Mixture of z. As cement as a binder with finer and coarser Aggregates, such as concrete sand, concrete gravel or rubble is used. In the hardened state, this results in an artificial Conglomerate.

Instead of A concrete as a binder can also other binders be used, such as. Clays, water limes, plastics, wood-based materials, Plaster, Corian and mineral casting and the like more.

at The use of concrete is differentiated depending on the density Heavy concrete, heavy concrete and lightweight concrete. It will be all of these Species claimed as essential to the invention, wherein the lightweight concrete is obtained in particular by lightweight, porous aggregates, to facilitate further processing of this material. It can Of course, gas or foam forming substances be mixed in order to reduce the density. Such gas or foam-forming substances are z. B. Expanded slate and such substances more.

Of course also concrete admixtures can be used, the z. B. resistance to water penetration, a pore-sealing and water-repellent effect and the like more. It can also additives for improving the breaking strength or frost resistance be added.

Instead of The aforementioned binders can also be made up of matrices Marble gravel can be used with plastic binding, as it has recently for the production of sanitary sinks and the like be used. Also in such setting plastic materials it is readily possible, the invention Insert structures in which the optical fibers by means of a Binding are bound.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 03/097954 A1 [0002]
• DE 9310500 U1 [0003]

Claims (37)

Building block with transparent fibers for the production of walls, ceilings, floors or the like, the building block comprising a casting material ( 5 ) has bound structure, in this structure layer by layer individual optical fibers ( 12 ) are preferably arranged parallel to each other, which are exposed with their end faces on the respective end faces of the block and a light introduced at one end face of the embedded light guide light through this to the other side, and the optical fibers ( 12 ) in a textile fabric ( 11 ) are characterized in that the casting material ( 18 ) Aggregates ( 17 ), which are formed of recycled material. Building block according to claim 1, characterized in that the casting material ( 5 ) Concrete is. Building block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the casting compound ( 18 ) is for the most part or entirely recycled material or ground recycled material. Component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the additives selected are made of glass and glass fragments such. B. bottle glass same or different colors, metals, including precious metals, Pieces of wood, stones, bricks, plastics and other organic and inorganic materials. Component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the aggregates of a surface treatment are subjected to such. Brushing, smoothing, acidifying, Milling etc. Component according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the optical fibers ( 12 ) are introduced in more than one direction in the block and thus light can be directed from several sides to several pages. Building block according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bonded optical fibers ( 12 ) are relatively stable in position and resistant to breakage in the textile fabric ( 11 ) and a continuous mat of bonded optical fibers ( 12 ) train. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the textile fabric ( 11 ) as a woven, knitted and / or knitted fabric ( 11 ) is trained. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the textile fabric ( 11 ) is formed in one or more layers. Component according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in a mesh composite of knitted meshes, the optical fibers ( 12 ) are held parallel and / or curved lines and at a distance. Component according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the optical fibers ( 12 ) from one end face ( 19 ) of the building block to the other end face ( 19 ) are formed. Component according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the sheet of Polyester, a natural or synthetic fiber or a dissolving under the action of concrete slurry Fiber is. Component according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the optical fibers ( 12 ) in the form of spatial designs in the building block ( 16 ), which have different light logos ( 20 . 21 ) train. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the textile fabric ( 11 ) is deformable in any position and shape. Component according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the formed by means of individual polyester fibers and knitted fabric ( 11 ) a basic container ( 14 ), wherein in the mesh the optical fibers ( 12 ) in the form of a body bond ( 15 ) are fixed and have a parallel mutual distance to each other. Component according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the component having a logo ( 16 ) in an opaque stone plate ( 22 ) can be used and forms a luminous effect there. Building block according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that an opaque stencil ( 26 ) the entry of the light into the optical fibers ( 12 ) on the light-receiving end face ( 19 ) partially prevented, whereby a luminous logo ( 20 ) is trained. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the casting material ( 5 ) module ( 16 ) after curing at the end faces ( 19 ) is cut off to the luminous end faces ( 19 ) of the optical fibers 12 expose. Component according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the cutting of the building block ( 16 ) in relatively thin building boards, tiles, facing shells made of cast material ( 5 ) and other materials or the like. Component according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the building block in the form of a thin Plate has that connected with a transparent carrier is. Component according to Claim 20, characterized that the transparent support a glass or plastic disc is. A process for producing a building block with translucent fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein in a textile fabric 11 bonded optical fibers 12 in liquid casting material ( 5 ) are inserted and the casting material is then cured, characterized in that the casting material ( 18 ) Aggregates ( 17 ), which are formed of recycled material. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that that the aggregates are selected from glass and glass fragments such as As bottle glass of the same or different colors, metals, too Precious metals, pieces of wood, stones, bricks, Plastics and other organic and inorganic materials. Method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized that the aggregates are subjected to a surface treatment be like Brushing, smoothing, acidifying, Milling etc. Method according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the building block in a casting mold ( 1 ) for casting material ( 5 ), this being a lifting table ( 3 ), which is movable in steps. Method according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that on the surface of the lifting table ( 3 ) a first layer ( 9 ) of still liquid casting material ( 5 ) via one above the lifting table ( 3 ) arranged chute ( 4 ) and subsequently with a single or multi-piece sheet ( 11 ) is covered. Method according to claim 26, characterized in that the lifting table ( 3 ) a further step in the direction of the arrow ( 8th ) and subsequent to the surface of the sheet ( 11 ) another location ( 10 ) of the still liquid casting material ( 5 ) is applied, which the sheet ( 11 ) penetrates. A method according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the steps of the method of lifting table, the application of the liquid casting material ( 5 ) and the subsequent application of the fabric ( 11 ) be repeated several times. Method according to Claim 28, characterized that repeating the steps is done automatically becomes. Luminous element, characterized in that it comprises at least one module according to one of claims 1 to 21 and at least one light source 23 contains. Luminous element according to claim 30, characterized in that the at least one light source 23 with which at least one module is integrated. Luminous element according to claim 30 or 31, characterized characterized in that the at least one light source in its brightness and / or color is adjustable. Luminous element according to one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that it further comprises a filter, which by the optical fibers 12 passing light filters. Luminous element according to claim 33, characterized in that the filter at least a part of the light-receiving end faces 19 the optical fibers 12 covered. Façade element fixed or tiltable or hinged, with or without frame, to a façade and comprising: a building block with a casting material ( 5 ) bonded structure, wherein in this structure layer by layer individual optical fibers ( 12 ) are preferably arranged parallel to each other, which are exposed with their end faces on the respective end faces of the block and a light introduced at one end face of the embedded light guide light through this to the other side, and the optical fibers ( 12 ) in a textile fabric ( 11 ) are bound. Façade element that can be fixed or tilted or swiveled with or without frame attached to a facade and a building block according to one of claims 1 to 21 or a luminous element according to any one of claims 30 to 35. Use of a building block according to one of the claims 1 to 21 as a heat storage element.