DE102007047765A1 - Liquifying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, comprises e.g. removing unwanted components like acid gas, water and/or mercury from hydrocarbon-rich fraction and liquifying the pretreated hydrocarbon-rich fraction by using a mixture cycle - Google Patents
Liquifying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, comprises e.g. removing unwanted components like acid gas, water and/or mercury from hydrocarbon-rich fraction and liquifying the pretreated hydrocarbon-rich fraction by using a mixture cycle Download PDFInfo
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- DE102007047765A1 DE102007047765A1 DE102007047765A DE102007047765A DE102007047765A1 DE 102007047765 A1 DE102007047765 A1 DE 102007047765A1 DE 102007047765 A DE102007047765 A DE 102007047765A DE 102007047765 A DE102007047765 A DE 102007047765A DE 102007047765 A1 DE102007047765 A1 DE 102007047765A1
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbon
- rich fraction
- fraction
- steam
- rich
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0242—Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
- F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J1/0282—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0294—Multiple compressor casings/strings in parallel, e.g. split arrangement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion, insbesondere von Erdgas.The The invention relates to a method for liquefying a Hydrocarbon-rich fraction, especially of natural gas.
Erdgasverflüssigungs- bzw. LNG-Anlagen werden üblicherweise an Land gebaut. Schwimmende Erdgasverflüssigungs- bzw. LNG-Anlagen – auch als Floating LNG- oder FLNG-Anlagen bezeichnet –, die allerdings bis heute die Planungsphase nicht überwunden haben, werden nach anderen Gesichtspunkten konzipiert und optimiert als dies bei an Land realisierten Erdgasverflüssigungs-Anlagen der Fall ist. Bei schwimmenden Erdgasverflüssigungs-Anlagen stehen insbesondere hohe Zuverlässigkeit, geringe Zahl von Systemen – hierunter sind die Abtrenneinheit für unerwünschte Bestandteile, die Verflüssigungseinheit, die Entspannungseinheit, etc. zu verstehen – und Kompaktheit im Vordergrund, während eine Minimierung des spezifischen Energieverbrauchs – dieses Merkmal gewinnt bei an Land realisierten Erdgasverflüssigungs-Anlagen zunehmend an Bedeutung – nicht das wichtigste Ziel darstellt.natural gas liquefaction or LNG plants are usually built on land. floating Natural gas liquefaction or LNG plants - also as Floating LNG or FLNG systems - but they do until today, the planning phase have not overcome designed and optimized according to other criteria than this on-site natural gas liquefaction plants is the case. In particular, there are floating natural gas liquefaction plants high reliability, low number of systems - below are the unwanted component separation unit, the liquefaction unit, the relaxation unit, etc. to understand - and compactness in the foreground, while a Minimization of specific energy consumption - this Feature gains in natural gas liquefaction plants realized on land increasingly important - not the most important goal.
Für
die Realisierung von FLNG-Anlagen wurden als Verflüssigungsprozesse
bereits Stickstoff-Expanderverfahren (siehe bspw.
Bei
den vorgenannten Verflüssigungsprozessen treten jedoch
unterschiedliche Probleme auf. Expanderverfahren besitzen einen
vergleichsweise schlechten Wirkungsgrad und sind darüber
hinaus aufgrund der eingeschränkten Verfügbarkeit
von großen Entspannungsturbinen auf eine Kapazität
von weniger als 1 mtpa pro Strang begrenzt. Die in
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion anzugeben, das die vorgenannten Nachteile vermeidet.task The present invention is a generic Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich To indicate fraction which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion vorgeschlagen, das folgende Verfahrensschritte aufweist:
- a) Entfernen von bei der nachfolgenden Verflüssigung unerwünschten Bestandteilen, wie Sauergasen, Wasser und/oder Quecksilber, aus der zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion, wobei dieser Verfahrensschritt nur dann realisiert wird, wenn die zu verflüssigende Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion unerwünschte Bestandteile aufweist,
- b) Verflüssigen der vorbehandelten, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion unter Verwendung wenigstens eines Gemischkreislaufes,
- c) Auftrennen der verflüssigten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion in eine Methan-reiche Flüssigfraktion (LNG) und eine im Wesentlichen Stickstoff und Methan enthaltende Brenngasfraktion und
- d) Dampferzeugung unter Verwendung der Brenngasfraktion,
- e) wobei der erzeugte Dampf in wenigstens einer Kondensations-Dampfturbine eingesetzt wird und
- f) wobei mittels der Kondensations-Dampfturbinen) der oder wenigstens einer der Verdichter des oder wenigstens eines Gemischkreislaufes angetrieben wird.
- a) removing unwanted constituents in the subsequent liquefaction, such as acid gases, water and / or mercury, from the hydrocarbon-rich fraction to be liquefied, this process step being realized only if the hydrocarbon-rich fraction to be liquefied has undesirable constituents,
- b) liquefying the pretreated, hydrocarbon-rich fraction using at least one mixture cycle,
- c) separating the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction into a methane-rich liquid fraction (LNG) and a substantially nitrogen and methane-containing fuel gas fraction and
- d) steam generation using the fuel gas fraction,
- e) wherein the generated steam is used in at least one condensation steam turbine and
- f) wherein by means of the condensation steam turbine) of the or at least one of the compressors of the or at least one mixture circuit is driven.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion stellt ein zuverlässiges und effizientes Konzept für eine schwimmende Erdgasverflüssigungs-Anlage dar. Im Gegensatz zu bisher projektierten FLNG-Anlagen weist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eine vergleichsweise geringe Zahl von Systemen auf und kann daher im Vergleich zu projektierten, schwimmenden Erdgasverflüssigungs-Anlagen als kompakter angesehen werden.The inventive method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction provides a reliable and efficient concept for a floating natural gas liquefaction plant. In contrast to previously projected FLNG systems, the inventive Process a comparatively small number of systems and can therefore compared to projected, floating natural gas liquefaction plants be considered more compact.
Die
Verwendung von Dampfturbinen zum Antreiben des oder der Verdichter
macht die in der
Die erfindungsgemäß vorzusehende Verwendung von Kondensations-Dampfturbinen, insbesondere von Kondensations-Dampfturbinen mit Seitenentnahme von Niederdruckdampf, hat den Vorteil, dass die Beheizung von Niedertemperaturverbrauchern, wie bspw. Aufkochern in der Regenerierung der Sauergaswäsche oder in der Fraktionierung schwererer Kohlenwasserstoffe – beide Prozesse bzw. Systeme werden ggf. in der noch zu beschreibenden Vorbehandlungseinheit realisiert –, einfach und kostengünstig in das Dampfsystem integriert werden können. Kondensations-Dampfturbinen weisen gegenüber Gegendruck-Dampfturbinen ein höheres nutzbares Druckgefälle auf und ermöglichen damit eine bessere Nutzung der in der Brenngasfraktion enthaltenen Primärenergie bei der Erzeugung von mechanischer Leistung zum Antrieb des bzw. der Kreislaufverdichter des bzw. der Gemischkreisläufe.The According to the invention, use of condensation steam turbines, in particular of condensation steam turbines with side extraction of low-pressure steam, has the advantage that the heating of low-temperature consumers, such as Aufkochern in the regeneration of sour gas scrubbing or in the fractionation of heavier hydrocarbons - both Processes or systems may be described in the following Pre-treatment unit realized - simple and inexpensive can be integrated into the steam system. Condensing steam turbines have a higher compared to counter-pressure steam turbines usable pressure gradient and thus make it possible a better use of the primary energy contained in the fuel gas fraction in the generation of mechanical power to drive the or the cycle compressor of the or the mixture cycles.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
- – das Verflüssigungsverfahren auf einem Schiff oder einer schwimmfähigen (Träger) Plattform realisiert wird,
- – die Dampferzeugung in wenigstens zwei unabhängig voneinander betreibbaren Dampfkesseln realisiert wird,
- – der oder die Verdichter des oder der Gemischkreisläufe redundant ausgeführt sind,
- – der oder die Verdichter des oder der Gemischkreisläufe lediglich jeweils ein Gehäuse aufweisen und
- – der erzeugte Dampf in wenigstens einer Kondensations-Dampfturbine mit Seitenentnahme von Niederdruckdampf eingesetzt wird.
- The liquefaction process is realized on a ship or a buoyant (carrier) platform,
- - The steam generation is realized in at least two independently operable steam boilers,
- - the one or more compressors or the mixture cycles are designed to be redundant,
- - The one or more compressors or the mixture circuits only each have a housing and
- - The generated steam is used in at least one condensation steam turbine with side extraction of low pressure steam.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen desselben, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, seien im Folgenden anhand des in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The inventive method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction and other embodiments of the same, the subject matters of the dependent claims will be described below with reference to the figure shown in the figure Embodiment explained in more detail.
In der Figur sind die einzelnen Systeme bzw. Komponenten des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion lediglich als Black-Boxes dargestellt.In The figure shows the individual systems or components of the invention Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction only shown as black boxes.
Die
zu verflüssigende Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion, bei
der es sich beispielsweise um einen Erdgasstrom handelt, wird über
Leitung
Die
vorbehandelte, Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion wird anschließend über
Leitung
Die
nunmehr verflüssigte, Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion
wird über Leitung
In
der nicht vorveröffentlichten
Die
im Wesentlichen Stickstoff und Methan enthaltende Brenngasfraktion
wird über Leitung
Die
bereits erwähnte Kreislaufverdichter-Einheit
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weiterbildend wird vorgeschlagen, dass der oder die Verdichter des oder der Gemischkreisläufe redundant ausgeführt sind. Diese Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens führt ebenfalls zu einer Erhöhung der Ausfallsicherheit. Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn jeder Verdichterstrang, der neben dem eigentlichen Verdichter den Verdichterantrieb sowie die erforderlichen Zwischen- und Nachkühleinrichtungen samt Abscheidern aufweist, nur genau ein Verdichtergehäuse enthält.The inventive method is further education proposed that the one or more compressors or the mixture cycles are designed redundant. This embodiment of the invention Procedure also leads to an increase in Reliability. It is particularly advantageous if each compressor train, in addition to the actual compressor the compressor drive as well the necessary intermediate and Nachkühleinrichtungen velvet Having separators, only contains exactly one compressor housing.
Die Realisierung parallel angeordneter Kreislaufverdichter erhöht die Verfügbarkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Verflüssigungsverfahrens, da die Verdichterstränge unabhängig voneinander betrieben werden können. Die Verwendung von jeweils nur einem Verdichtergehäuse pro Verdichterstrang verringert darüber hinaus die Zahl des sog. Rotating Equipments – also der sich drehenden bzw. beweglichen Ausrüstungsteile – und verringert damit den Platz- und Wartungsbedarf des Verflüssigungsprozesses.The realization of parallel-arranged cycle compressor increases the availability of the liquefaction process according to the invention, since the compressor strands can be operated independently. The use of only one compressor housing per compressor train also reduces the number of so-called. Rotating equipment - ie the rotating or bewegli equipment - thus reducing the space and maintenance requirements of the liquefaction process.
Die Verdichtung des oder der Kältemittelgemische des bzw. der Gemischkreisläufe erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels so genannter Topfverdichter bzw. Barrel-Type-Kompressoren.The Densification of the or the refrigerant mixtures of the or Mixing cycles are preferably carried out by means of so-called Pot compressor or barrel-type compressors.
Als
Verflüssigungsprozess kann im Prinzip jeder Prozess, der
sich wenigstens eines Gemischkreislaufes bedient, Anwendung finden.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist hier die Realisierung eines Verflüssigungsprozesses,
wie er in der
Der Wärmetausch zwischen dem oder den Kältemittelgemischen und der zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion erfolgt vorzugsweise in einem oder mehreren gewickelten Wärmetauschern. Hierbei bestehen sowohl Bündel als auch Mantel des gewickelten Wärmetauschers vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl.Of the Heat exchange between the or the refrigerant mixtures and the hydrocarbon-rich fraction to be liquefied is preferably carried out in one or more wound heat exchangers. Here are both bundle and shell of the wound Heat exchanger preferably made of stainless steel.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- - US 5768912 A [0003] US 5768912 A [0003]
- - US 6412302 A [0003] - US 6412302 A [0003]
- - US 6658891 A [0003, 0004, 0008] - US 6658891 A [0003, 0004, 0008]
- - DE 102007010032 A [0016, 0016] - DE 102007010032 A [0016, 0016]
- - DE 19722490 A [0022] - DE 19722490 A [0022]
- - DE 102007029882 A [0022] - DE 102007029882 A [0022]
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007047765A DE102007047765A1 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2007-10-05 | Liquifying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, comprises e.g. removing unwanted components like acid gas, water and/or mercury from hydrocarbon-rich fraction and liquifying the pretreated hydrocarbon-rich fraction by using a mixture cycle |
AU2008229699A AU2008229699B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2008-09-30 | Process for liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
BRPI0804258-6A BRPI0804258B1 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2008-10-06 | process for liquefaction of a fraction rich in hydrocarbons |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007047765A DE102007047765A1 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2007-10-05 | Liquifying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, comprises e.g. removing unwanted components like acid gas, water and/or mercury from hydrocarbon-rich fraction and liquifying the pretreated hydrocarbon-rich fraction by using a mixture cycle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102007047765A1 true DE102007047765A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
Family
ID=40418155
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102007047765A Withdrawn DE102007047765A1 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2007-10-05 | Liquifying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, comprises e.g. removing unwanted components like acid gas, water and/or mercury from hydrocarbon-rich fraction and liquifying the pretreated hydrocarbon-rich fraction by using a mixture cycle |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2008229699B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0804258B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007047765A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3176146A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-07 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for the production of a hydrocarbon product |
US10041014B2 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-08-07 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process, method and system for removal of mercury in a gas dehydration process |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5768912A (en) | 1994-04-05 | 1998-06-23 | Dubar; Christopher Alfred | Liquefaction process |
DE19722490C1 (en) | 1997-05-28 | 1998-07-02 | Linde Ag | Single flow liquefaction of hydrocarbon-rich stream especially natural gas with reduced energy consumption |
US6412302B1 (en) | 2001-03-06 | 2002-07-02 | Abb Lummus Global, Inc. - Randall Division | LNG production using dual independent expander refrigeration cycles |
US6658891B2 (en) | 1999-12-01 | 2003-12-09 | Shell Research Limited | Offshore plant for liquefying natural gas |
DE102007010032A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Linde Ag | Procedure for separating a nitrogen-rich fraction from a liquefied natural gas, comprises supplying the natural gas after its liquefaction and super cooling, to a stripping column that serves the separation of the nitrogen-rich fraction |
DE102007029882A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2009-01-02 | Linde Ag | Process for cooling or liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream |
-
2007
- 2007-10-05 DE DE102007047765A patent/DE102007047765A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-09-30 AU AU2008229699A patent/AU2008229699B2/en active Active
- 2008-10-06 BR BRPI0804258-6A patent/BRPI0804258B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5768912A (en) | 1994-04-05 | 1998-06-23 | Dubar; Christopher Alfred | Liquefaction process |
DE19722490C1 (en) | 1997-05-28 | 1998-07-02 | Linde Ag | Single flow liquefaction of hydrocarbon-rich stream especially natural gas with reduced energy consumption |
US6658891B2 (en) | 1999-12-01 | 2003-12-09 | Shell Research Limited | Offshore plant for liquefying natural gas |
US6412302B1 (en) | 2001-03-06 | 2002-07-02 | Abb Lummus Global, Inc. - Randall Division | LNG production using dual independent expander refrigeration cycles |
DE102007010032A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Linde Ag | Procedure for separating a nitrogen-rich fraction from a liquefied natural gas, comprises supplying the natural gas after its liquefaction and super cooling, to a stripping column that serves the separation of the nitrogen-rich fraction |
DE102007029882A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2009-01-02 | Linde Ag | Process for cooling or liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3176146A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-07 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for the production of a hydrocarbon product |
WO2017093459A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a hydrocarbon product |
US10041014B2 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-08-07 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process, method and system for removal of mercury in a gas dehydration process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0804258B1 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
AU2008229699A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
AU2008229699B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
BRPI0804258A2 (en) | 2009-06-16 |
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