DE102007001853A1 - Opening element for opening and closing façade parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The element has a rotatable element to vertically and parallely move facade elements (20, 23, 26) that are vertically provided on top of each other in a closed condition. The facade elements having glass are movable into an opened position by their movement in the opposite direction such that two vertically separated openings are provided in an opened condition. The rotatable and facade elements are coupled with each other by a coupling element e.g. belt. The facade elements are additionally vertically movable into another opened position in which only one opening is provided.

Description

The The invention relates to an opening element for opening and closing façade parts with at least two, in closed state essentially vertically one above the other located facade elements by opposing vertical movement of at least two facade elements so are movable in a first open position that in opened state two, vertically separated, openings, for example, for ventilation purposes, are present.

In The shell of a building often becomes different Facade elements used. The building envelope itself determines the energy content and the indoor climate inside the building. Especially the ventilation includes potential for improving the energy balance and the Comfort of a building. Today opened opening mechanisms Due to their handling usually lead to energy losses and loss of user comfort.

It is particularly favorable for ventilation, if two, vertically as far as possible separate openings are present in the building envelope. The in the room located warm and used air escapes then preferably over the upper gap opening, causing a slight Low pressure in the upper room area, in the then further air from the Space flows out. Cooler air gets at the same time tracked from the outside over the lower gap in the room. This air then heats up in the room and rises. Ideally, this creates a thermally induced "ventilation roller" in space leading to a comparatively fast and complete Air exchange leads without too much energy, such as in a conventional ventilation over the tilting position of a tilting window is lost.

This is a significant advantage over normal window ventilation, with only a large opening through opening of the window is made.

Vertical opening systems have the further advantage that the opening very much can be precisely metered and the opening movement even in the elemental level, so there is no restriction for the adjacent usable areas there for an interior opening window sash should be kept free. At the same time, the opening position windproof.

at large façade elements, such as very large glass surfaces, Add to that the burden on the fittings and the window frame is lower because these are not the leverage catch the open and then very heavy window have to.

in the Prior art are generic vertical sliding window with two vertical sliding window sashes known. So it is known, two wings in opposite directions couple, so that when the upper window sash moves down vertically the lower casement at the same time so long upwards moves until the two windows reach the same height have and cover up.

With such vertical windows can be two opening slots in the upper and lower area. A disadvantage of this system is, however, that the two wings in the open Condition the center of the opening obscure and thus the view to hinder outside. By the way, only two smaller openings for ventilation arise, the each about half the area of one of the two Occupy window sash, it is not possible with this window a sufficiently large opening to create, for example, to pass through larger Objects, or especially as an escape route usable would.

From the DE 201 04 378 is a vertical sliding window with two independently to be moved wings known. This embodiment has the disadvantage that two wings always have to be moved independently of each other, which makes the control very complex. If the wings are operated manually, the vertical size is also very limited, because even when open, each of the two window sash must still be reached manually in order to close the window again. This clearly limits the dimensions in a vertical sense.

task The present invention was therefore the disadvantages described to avoid and an opening element available to provide, which with high variability of the opening possibilities At the same time, it is very easy to control and operate.

These Task is achieved by an inventive opening element solved, in which the vertical and counter-rotating Displacement of the facade elements via at least one rotary element is mediated, wherein the at least one rotary element and the facade elements by coupling elements, preferably by ropes or straps, with each other coupled, and wherein the facade elements in addition vertically displaceable in a second open position are in the essentially only one opening available is. The in the starting position substantially vertically one above the other located facade elements can initially form a flush facade element. As well well, the facade elements in the starting position also be horizontally offset from one another.

Especially It is advantageous if the facade elements from the first opened Position in the same direction in the second opened Position are vertically displaceable, in essence only an opening is present, wherein the displacement by the at least one rotary element and the coupling elements mediates which also convey the opposite shift. The particular advantage of this embodiment is that with a single Operating element and continuous continuous movement of the same successively reached the first and second opening position can be.

alternative but also funds may be present, which decoupling at least one lower facade element of the at least one Rotary effect, so that at least the one lower facade element from the closed position directly into the second opened Position is vertically displaceable. In this second variant is On the one hand a simple and uniform, about coupling elements controlled, opposite displacement of the sash possible, on the other hand, the rapid production of a single large opening in the form of the second opening position, which may possibly be used as an escape route.

The Facade elements can have glass and thus essentially serve as windows, but alternatively also at least partially opaque be.

The Coupling means for mediating the vertical displacement are preferably traction means, particularly preferably tension cables or Zuggurte. The at least one rotary element, which preferably with a transmission is connected, may be formed as a shaft to which the traction means is wound up and down by rotation of the rotary element. It has proved to be favorable when the opening element a first lower and a second upper vertically displaceable Facade element has, each with at least one own Traction means and in each case one connected to the traction means rotary member are connected so that in the closed state the traction means the first facade element largely unwound from the rotary member is and the traction means of the second facade element so to the associated Rotating element is wound, that the length of the wound traction means the length of the maximum vertical displacement of the second Facade element corresponds to the first open position.

In Another preferred embodiment, the opening element a first lower and a second upper vertically displaceable Facade element has, each with at least one own Traction means and a single, with the traction means of the first and connected to the second facade element, rotary member so connected are that in the closed state, the traction means of the first Façade element is largely unwound from the rotary member and the traction means of the second facade element so around the rotary member is wound that the length of the wound traction means the length of the maximum vertical displacement of the second Facade element corresponds to the first open position and the winding direction opposite to the winding direction of the first tension element is.

The Rotary element can either manually, preferably with a rotary rod, a webbing or a chain, or with a motor, preferably an electric motor to be driven.

The opening means advantageously has guides, preferably guide rails or guide ropes, on, with the vertically movable facade elements are connectable so that the facade elements through the guide rails be guided in their vertical movement.

To explain the invention, two embodiments with reference to the following 1 to 4 shown.

1 shows the front view of a three-piece facade element with two vertically movable elements;

2a -E show the closed, as well as the first and second opened position of the facade elements 1 including two intermediate positions;

3 shows a section through the upper portion of the facade element with rotary elements and control;

4 shows an alternative control with only one shaft;

5 shows a horizontal section through the control of the first embodiment and

6 a horizontal section through the control of the second embodiment.

1 shows a facade element according to the invention 1 in a first embodiment in a front view. The facade element is divided into three parts in this embodiment, wherein a first lower element 20 not movable and firmly mounted. It serves as a parapet and thus as fall protection. The middle facade element 23 is vertically displaceable in the direction of the arrow upwards, the upper facade element 26 down in the direction of the arrow.

In the upper area is the drive and control unit 40 , which in the example shown mechanically via a chain 39 is driven and moved with it.

2a shows the facade element 1 in the closed state in longitudinal section. Here are again the three facade elements 20 . 23 and 26 shown, as well as the floor of the building 30 to which the facade element reaches down. In the upper area is the drive / control element 40 accommodated. This element is in the in 3 shown section to see in detail. It has two rotary elements designed as axes 41 . 44 on, which move in the same direction. With the first rotary element 41 is over a rope 42 the first façade element 23 connected to the second rotary element 44 over the pull rope 45 the second façade element 26 ,

If both drive shafts are rotated counterclockwise, whereby the drive can be done manually via a belt or a drive chain, but also via a simple motor, the first facade element moves 23 vertically upwards.

Before the vertical movement begins, the lower facade element becomes 23 tilted and into the guide groove 50 , which is located in the embodiment on the inside of the facade element introduced ( 2 B ). This ensures that the first facade element moves on a defined path in a defined (minimum) distance to the second facade element, without the two facade elements hindering each other.

The introduction of the facade or elements in the guide 50 can be done manually by the operator, such as by opening a conventional locking and tilting of the frame to the guide. But it is also possible to remotely cause this opening with a second, not shown here, element, which may have a motor, or to relocate in the frame. Thus, the operation of the position of the locking element is independent, so that the facade element of the invention can also be installed in room heights that are not directly accessible to the user.

The In the exemplary embodiment shown guide groove a particularly advantageous embodiment. The invention is however not limited thereto, as well as with other guides, with guide rails or guide cables, a secure guidance of the facade elements possible is.

At the same time, the second facade element moves 26 vertically downwards in its guide groove. Because the pull rope 45 in another direction of rotation on the drive shaft 44 is wound as the pull rope 42 on the wave 41 , the opposite movement of the facade elements is realized with the same movement of the drive axles. This considerably simplifies the control and in particular the drive mechanism.

2d shows the first fully opened state of the facade element. In this state is the facade element 23 at about the same vertical height as the parallel lowered second facade element 26 , Since the two facade elements can also have different vertical dimensions, this may result in deviations.

Before reaching the first full opening position, the opening can be varied as desired, so that, as in 2c shown, even smaller stomata, such as for a lower ventilation demand, can be set arbitrarily.

in the the embodiment shown slides originally lower facade element along the inside of the facade. A reverse arrangement is also possible.

In the first open position, an upper ventilation gap is created above and below the two facade elements 60 and a lower ventilation gap 63 each cover about half the area of a displaced facade element. In this position is the pull rope 45 of the second facade element 26 completely off the axis 44 settled.

If the rotational movement of the two axes continues without change of direction, the first facade element moves 23 continue along the guide in a vertical upward direction. Parallel to this, the second façade element moves 26 changing its direction of movement back up, the second pull rope 45 in a different direction of rotation about the second, still rotating in the same direction, drive shaft 44 is wound.

At the end of the further winding both facade elements are in the second open position, which in 2e is shown. In this second position, a large central opening is released.

In a room with a ceiling height of about 285 cm, the three facade elements could 20 . 23 and 26 about the same height of 95 cm. These would have a sufficient parapet height of 95 cm for the lower fixed element to back up. In the case of night ventilation, two gaps with a slightly over 40 cm opening would be available, which are good enough for night ventilation. In the fully open state after 2e An opening with an opening height of over 90 cm would be available, which is also well suited as an escape route. At the same time, the area between 95 cm and 195 cm is completely open, so that an unhindered view to the outside becomes possible.

This inventive structure has the big Advantage that with one element two different openings - gap opening and a large opening - to be realized can, with the associated control pronounced kept simple. In that in the described embodiment no change in the direction of rotation of one of the two axes is required, the window can be moved continuously. This makes the control of a motor very easy and thus cost-effective and easy to maintain.

Until reaching the first opening position 2d the effort required for this is minimal, since the very similar weights of the two facade elements virtually compensate, so that only the frictional force must be overcome to move. Subsequently, it is necessary to move both facade elements at the same time upwards. For this purpose, either counterweights or a compensation with spring force, be provided which compensate for the weight of the window sash. But it is also conceivable, a transmission in the control 40 to integrate, which with the complete unwinding of the pull rope 45 provides a different translation, so that the force is reduced.

The control 40 is in detail in 3 shown again. Here are the two drive shafts 41 and 44 , as well as the differently wound ropes 42 and 45 clearly visible. Clearly illustrated are the guide rail 50 as well as the different positions, the vertically movable frame 23 / 23 can take.

An alternative control shows 4 , Here are the original two drive shafts through a single drive shaft 49 replaced, over the two traction cables 42 and 45 are guided. Since the direction of rotation of the shaft is not changed, a single drive shaft, over which both tension cables run, is sufficient, which further simplifies the mechanics of the control.

The two controls of the described embodiments are in a plan view again in the 5 and 6 shown.

5 shows again the control with the two, in the same direction moving waves 41 and 44 , The first, in 5 not shown, facade element 23 moving pull rope 42 is double in order to ensure a uniform movement of the facade element and in particular to avoid tilting due to uneven loads. These pull ropes run over those with the shaft 41 firmly connected roles 43 in the horizontal outer area of the shaft 41 are arranged. The second facade element 26 is in the same way over the shaft 44 and the two roles 46 controlled. The waves 41 and 44 are in the embodiment, each with three ball bearings 47 and 48 stored to achieve a low-friction rotation even under load.

6 shows the alternative control with only one drive shaft 49 , about which the ropes not shown here 42 and 44 in opposite directions over the roles 43 ' for the first and 46 ' for the second facade element run. The wave 49 in this example is used to catch the increased load with six ball bearings 47 ' and 48 ' stored. Depending on the bearing and the actual load, however, fewer or more bearings may be used here.

The Vertical façade shifting device according to the invention is especially for the use of facade elements with glass inserts, so windows, suitable. But it is just as possible, other, opaque, facade elements such perform that are easier with the same insulation effect can. This adds the flexibility of the building envelope significantly increased.

In a further, not shown embodiment both facade elements out of the window level out in a respective own leadership moves. Especially with this guide Also, more than two facade elements can be moved vertically and various opening situations can be achieved.

alternative or additionally, in the lower position of the second Facade element a stop in the guide groove available be that of a further vertical displacement of the facade element down even then prevented when the pull rope is not complete is settled. This allows higher tolerances and allows also the use of different sized sliding facade element.

If such a lower stop in the guide groove of the second facade element, there may be a mechanical or electrical or another switch mounted. With this switch, for example, a feedback to the controller can be realized when the facade element has reached its first opening position. These Information can also be transmitted directly to the controller, so that more complex and thus more complicated controls are possible. In particular, as the selective switching or switching of a transmission is possible, which can provide a different translation for the simultaneous lifting of the facade elements, so that, despite the no longer existing counterweight of counter-rotating facade elements, only a constant - lower - Force is required for the continued operation.

It But it is also conceivable that the two facade elements of different Motors are driven independently of each other, the The second facade element moving motor at its direction of rotation Tripping the switch could change. As a result, this leads to the same transition from the first to the second opening position as in the first two embodiments.

the Disadvantage of the more complex construction is the advantage Opposite that this modification of the embodiment regardless of a possible change the length of the pull rope defines the lower reversal point. At the same time allows a simple mechanical displacement of the stop a Variegated tion of the lower opening position of the second facade element. Such changes can especially with different sized facade elements occur.

The Of course, the function of the switch can also be changed from a sensor can be realized on or in the guide groove.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 20104378 [0009]

Claims (11)

Opening element for opening and closing of facade parts with at least two in the closed state substantially vertically superimposed facade elements that are movable by opposing vertical displacement of at least two facade elements so in a first open position that in the open state, two vertically separated openings are present, characterized in that the vertical and opposite displacement of the facade elements is mediated via at least one rotary element, wherein the at least one rotary element and the facade elements are coupled together by coupling elements, preferably by ropes or straps, and wherein the facade elements in addition to a second open position are vertically displaceable, in which essentially only one opening is present. Opening element according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the facade elements of the first open position in the same direction in the second open position are vertically displaceable, in the Essentially only one opening is present, with the Displacement by the at least one rotary element and the coupling elements which is also the opposite shift convey. Opening element according to claim 1, characterized in that that means are present, which decouple at least one cause lower Fas sadenelementes of the at least one rotary element, so that at least the one lower facade element from the closed Position immediately in the second open position vertical is displaceable. Opening element according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the facade elements Have glass. Opening element according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the facade elements at least partially opaque. Opening element according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the coupling means for conveying the vertical displacement traction means, preferred Zugseile or Zuggurte, and that the at least one rotary element, which is preferably connected to a transmission, designed as a shaft is about which the traction means by rotation of the rotary element up and is handled. Opening element according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a first lower and a second having upper vertically displaceable facade element, which each with at least one own traction means and one each connected to the traction means rotating element are connected so that in the closed state, the traction means of the first facade element is largely unwound from the rotary member and the traction means of the second facade element so around the associated rotary member is wound that the length of the wound traction means the length of the maximum vertical displacement of the second Facade element corresponds to the first open position. Opening element according to claim 6, characterized that it has a first lower and a second upper vertical sliding Facade element has, each with at least one own Traction means and a single, with the traction means of the first and connected to the second facade element, rotary element are connected, that in the closed state, the traction means of the first facade element is largely unwound from the rotary member and the traction means of the second facade element is wound around the rotary element is that the length of the wound traction means of length the maximum vertical displacement of the second facade element corresponds to the first opened position and the winding direction opposite to the winding direction of the first tension element is. Opening element according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the rotary element is driven manually, preferably with a rotary rod, a Webbing or a chain. Opening element according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rotary element by a motor, preferably an electric motor, is driven. Opening element according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that there are guides, preferably guide rails or guide cables, having, with the vertically movable facade elements are connectable so that the facade elements through the guide rails be guided in their vertical movement.