DE102006019236B4 - Method and device for trenching - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for trenching in which - a first pair of opposing shoring plates (4, 5) is inserted into the trench, - a first rigid spreading frame (3) between the two shoring plates (4, 5) in FIG a first pair of linear guides is slidably guided, wherein each one of these linear guides is connected to one of the Verbauplatten, - a second Verbauplattenpaar (4 ', 5') between the first Verbauplattenpaar (4, 5) passed and inserted into the trench. In order to enable large trench depths with simple installation and removal of the shoring device, a second pair of linear guides is first inserted between the first pair of linear guideways in the trench, wherein in each case one linear guideway of the second linear guideway pair with a sheathing plate (4 ', 5') of the second Verbauplattenpaars is connected and the linear guides of the second linear guide pair by a spreader (3 ') are kept at a distance, - then the Spreizrahmen (3) between the first linear guide pair and below the second linear guide pair is removed and - then the further digging of the trench Verbauplattenpaar and the second linear guide pair lowered and a stiffer Spreizrahmen (3) between the first pair of linear guide and above the second linear guide pair ...

Description

The The invention relates to a method for trenching, in particular the construction of deep trenches, and a device for implementation this procedure.

• • mindestens ein erstes Paar einander gegenüber angeordneter Verbauplatten in den Graben eingesetzt wird,
• • mindestens ein erster steifer Spreizrahmen zwischen den beiden Verbauplatten in einem ersten Paar Linearführungen verschiebbar geführt wird, wobei jeweils eine Linearführung des ersten Linearführungspaars mit jeweils einer der Verbauplatten des ersten Verbauplattenpaars verbunden ist,
• • mindestens ein zweites Paar einander gegenüber angeordneter Verbauplatten zwischen dem ersten Verbauplattenpaar hindurchgeführt und in den Graben eingesetzt wird.

It relates in particular to a method for trenching in which a trench is excavated and a shoring device is inserted into the trench, wherein

• At least a first pair of lining panels arranged opposite one another is inserted into the trench,
• At least one first stiffening frame is slidably guided between the two shoring plates in a first pair of linear guides, wherein in each case a linear guide of the first linear guide pair is connected to one of the sheathing plates of the first sheave pair,
• • At least a second pair of opposing shoring plates passed between the first Verbauplattenpaar and inserted into the trench.

at a first embodiment Such shoring devices are the vertically extending linear guides for the Spreizrahmen arranged in pairs opposing columns that be used in the ditch. One or more expansion frames are running between the two supports of one Support pair. On each side of the trench are building boards between two consecutive Support attached. In practice, on each trench side, the first vertical one becomes Edge of a Verbumuplatte held by a front support, and the second vertical edge of the lining is held by a rear support.

Further it relates to devices for carrying out this method.

From the publication EP 0 475 382 A1 Applicant is aware of such a method using shoring devices with supports. Here, a method for shoring deeper trenches is proposed by means of support frame, which can be set up in the trench longitudinal direction at equal intervals. The support frames are composed of two parallel supports and the supports at a distance holding and connecting, along the supports ver pushable rigid expansion frame together. The expansion frames are called "stiffener frames" in this publication. Each column frame forms a support structure which is particularly advantageous to handle during installation and removal. In located on both sides of the columns receiving channels insertable large-scale Verbauplatten are guided displaceably with their lateral edges. The support frames and the lining panels are alternately pushed or lowered into the trench following the trenching.

there is preferably the Spreizrahmen between a lower stop and an upper stop slidably guided on the supports, wherein the lower stop at least in height the necessary excavator bucket freedom about 1 to 1.50 m from the column foot and the upper stop is arranged at a distance from the lower stop, which the height of the Spreading frame, e.g. 1.75 m, and allowable column propulsion, e.g. 0.5 m, corresponds. After setting up and lowering the column frame to a level in which the upper edge of the Spreizrahmens in height of the trench edge can, can the upper stops be removed and a second expansion frame in the supports of the Support frame are introduced. The upper stops can then in the distance above This second expansion frame attached to the supports. If necessary, can Also a third rigid frame in the supports of the rest frame introduced become. For dismantling of the column frame can the expansion frames are connected to each other.

These Sheathing devices have in particular for the construction of trenches with a great depth of 8 m and more proven. The use of a rigid expansion frame has compared to the earlier between the supports a support frame pivoted hinged spreader struts have the distinct advantage of having the points the power transmission from the supports on the expansion frame during a relative movement of the two supports of the support pair to each other within a trench longitudinally extending, vertical Remain level. The pillars are therefore to each other and the Spreizrahmen in a vertical Movable plane. Also the Verbauplatten whose edge in vertical recording channels of Support guided is, dwell on relative movements of the elements of the shoring device to each other in a trench longitudinal direction extending vertical plane. This is done with relative movements no displacement of the supports or the Verbauplatten transverse to the trench longitudinal direction. Such transversal movements are very detrimental as they increase the effort required to move of these elements, to tremors in the adjacent soil and settlement phenomena in the adjacent Lead soil. The resulting here in the adjacent soil vibrations and subsidence can damage adjacent building structures considerably. Such transverse movements are effectively and completely avoided by the shoring device described

The avoidance of the transverse movements allows the use of very long supports that are suitable for receiving multiple Verbauplatten and allow the construction of particularly deep trenches. Thus, in the receiving channels of the supports according to the EP 0 475 382 A1 outer Verbauplatten and inner Verbauplatten out, so that a second pair of opposing Verbauplatten passed between the first Verbauplattenpaar and inserted into the trench. The inner Verbauplatten are slidably guided past the outer Verbauplatten and lie in the installed state of the shoring in the lower portion of the trench, while the outer sheathing plates are in the upper portion of the trench. The trench thus receives a stepped cross-section. Further, on both the outer sheathing plates and the inner sheathing plates, so-called base plates having a first height (eg, 2.35 m) can be arranged with a second height (eg, 1.35 m) attachment plates between two consecutive supports, wherein the Base plate and the attachment plate are each firmly connected together. The total height of the Verbauplatten is then about 7.40 m.

However, the invention is also intended for a trench mounting device, in which the supports are not separate components to which the plates are mounted vertically displaceable, but in which the supports or the linear guides are rigidly attached to the plates or integrated into the plates. The DE 42 26 405 A1 , in which the Applicant is cited as inventor, describes and shows in 2 Such a device in which the linear guide having supports are welded to the vertical edges of the lining plate. Such shoring panels with arranged at the two vertical edges linear guides for the Spreizrahmen usually form individual Verbaufelder or Verbauboxen. A panel consists of two opposite Verbauplatten and two Spreizrahmen, which are guided on the one hand between the front edges of the two Verbauplatten and on the other hand between the rear edges of the two Verbauplatten. In addition, a so-called Kopfverbau be provided, ie, a transversely extending to the trench head plate, against the front edges, and a head plate, which is supported against the rear edges of the two Verbauplatten.

In the prior art, a variety of techniques have been proposed to achieve large trench depths. This is how the pamphlets reveal DE 32 43 122 A1 . DE 26 54 229 A1 . DE 23 02 053 B2 and FR 2 222 867 on each trench side two mutually displaceable in their longitudinal direction supports. In each of these supports a single Verbauplatte is held. The supports are held by Spreizstreben at a distance, which are either hinged to the supports or as in the case of DE 23 02 053 B2 slidably guided by spreading heads on the supports. If a support of a pair of supports during installation or removal of the shoring device moves vertically relative to the other support, then the spreading struts always perform a tilting movement about the trench longitudinal axis. This reduces the distance between the spreader ends and thus between the supports of the support pair. Even if the expansion heads are guided displaceably on the supports, make the expansion struts under load due to the friction of the expansion heads in the guides of the support a tilting movement. For this reason, only small relative movements between the supports of a pair are permitted and the inclination of the spread may not be more than 5 ° to the horizontal. Apart from the fact that in practice these limits are not always adhered to, even small changes in the distance between the supports of a pair have the consequence that the supports and shoring plates are very difficult to move and that settlement phenomena occur in the adjacent soil, the adjacent ones Structures and structures (pipes, pipes etc.) endanger.

Furthermore, these shoring devices are usually installed simultaneously with two mutually displaceable individual supports on each side. This means that both individual supports are placed on the soil and pressed into the ground after digging a certain depth of the trench. The trench can only be dug within the columns and shoring because the excavator bucket does not reach the soil below the columns and shoring plates. The earth under the columns and the Verbauplat th is cut off when pressing these elements of the lower edge and falls into the interior of the trench. For this reason, the lower edges of the columns and Verbauplatten oblique and form a cutting edge, which presses the soil during lowering inward (see DE 32 43 122 A1 ). Since the supports are usually recognized simultaneously in the known shoring devices, the outer support must not only displace the ground lying below its cross-section, but also the ground lying below the inner support to the trench interior when pressed into the ground. This means that very high forces are required to push the props into the ground. Due to the required cutting of soil of double column width, the forces are so high that they either overload the column material or can not be provided by conventional construction equipment.

In the DE 32 43 122 A1 a shoring device is described which has a first pair of braces and a second pair of braces. The supports of the second pair abut against the inner sides of the supports of the first pair and are linearly guided on them. At the supports of the first pair of supports, the edges of upper and outer shoring become plates slidably guided. At the supports of the second pair of supports, the edges of the lower and inner Verbauplatten are guided displaceably. The upper outer supports of the first pair are above the lower inner socket of the second pair of a Spreizstrebe - in the DE 32 43 122 A1 Cross strut called - kept at a distance. Two cross braces between the lower inner supports keep the inner supports at a distance and press against the outer supports. In the absence of inner supports, the support frame formed solely by the outer supports is unstable. When shoring deep trenches it is therefore necessary that the upper outer supports of the first outer shoring device are inserted into the trench only together with the lower inner supports of the second inner shoring device. Furthermore, this insertion of the outer and inner supports must be done in pairs, so that very high weights must be lifted and moved. In addition, the lower support must be shorter than the upper to be able to be used below the spreader strut between the supports of the upper pair of supports can.

Out these reasons have the shoring devices with two vertically to each other sliding single supports, which are the linear guides on each side of the trench have not proven in the past. For the construction of deep trenches were mainly the Verbauvorrichtungen described above with a displaceable Spreader frame used on spaced supports used in those above lying outer and underlying inner Verbauplatten to form a stepped Cross-section slidably guided are. By the above-described avoidance of transverse movements during installation and dismantling These devices, as mentioned, have negative effects avoided on the adjacent soil.

A The object of the invention is to develop a method for trenching such that with simple installation and removal of the shoring used here the construction of ditches with greater Depth allows becomes. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention, the elements of a Device for further develop the trench structure such that the construction of trenches with greater Depth allows becomes.

• • zunächst ein zweites Paar Linearführungen zwischen dem in den Graben eingebauten ersten Linearführungspaar eingesetzt wird,
• • wobei jeweils eine Linearführung des zweiten Linearführungspaars mit einer Verbauplatte des zweiten Verbauplattenpaars verbunden ist und die Linearführungen des zweiten Linearführungspaars durch eine Spreize auf Abstand gehalten werden,
• • anschließend der Spreizrahmen zwischen dem ersten Linearführungspaar und unterhalb des zweiten Linearführungspaars entfernt wird,
• • anschließend beim weiteren Ausheben des Grabens das zweite Verbauplattenpaar und das zweite Linearführungspaar abgesenkt werden und ein steifer Spreizrahmen zwischen das erste Linearführungspaar und oberhalb des zweiten Linearführungspaars eingesetzt wird.

This object is achieved in relation to the method in that

• First a second pair of linear guides is inserted between the first linear guide pair installed in the trench,
• Wherein in each case a linear guide of the second linear guide pair is connected to a lining plate of the second Verbauplattenpaars and the linear guides of the second linear guide pair are kept at a distance by a spreader,
• Subsequently the expansion frame is removed between the first linear guide pair and below the second linear guide pair,
• • Subsequently, on further excavation of the trench, the second Verbauplattenpaar and the second linear guide pair are lowered and a rigid Spreizrahmen between the first linear guide pair and above the second linear guide pair is used.

With In other words, after the complete installation of the first shoring device between a linear guide pair (in the case of separate columns between a pair of supports) the first shoring device at least one held at a distance Linear guide pair a second shoring used, which the function of the expansion frame for the linear guides the first shoring takes over. The linear guide pair the second shoring device is in turn with at least one in between Spreader kept at a distance. This spreader is preferably itself a rigid frame, the between the linear guide pair the second Verbauvorrichtung is guided displaceably. This ensures that even when installing the second shoring whose parts are exclusively move in a vertical direction to each other and thus avoiding harmful lateral movements become.

After this the linear guide pair the second shoring device is used, the spreading frame the first shoring device are removed, since the linear guide pair the second Verbauvorrichtung with the intervening spreader the compressive forces acting inwardly on the sheathing panels of the grave walls intercept. The linear guides the second Verbauvorrichtung and within the Verbauplatten the first shoring device located Verbauplatten the second shoring device, each connected to at least one of the linear guides of the second shoring device are, can now lowered on further excavation of the soil. As soon as that Linear guide pair the second shoring device by a certain depth in the trench is lowered, is between the linear guides of the linear guide pair the first shoring device again inserted a spreading frame, the first linear guide pair keeps at a distance. The Spreizrahmen is preferably from above between the first Linear guide pair inserted. In a further lowering of the second shoring device If necessary, a further expansion frame between the first linear guide pair added become.

The second shoring device can be lowered in the entire length of their linear guides who so that the inventive method, the maximum installation depth, which is limited by the forces occurring during installation and dismantling, substantially doubled.

It in other words, a complete shoring with Spreizrahmen by already installed shoring pushed and lowered through. This is made possible by that when inserting the second shoring their linear guide pair the supporting forces that act on the first shoring takes over, while the Spreizrahmen the first shoring device for the Passage of the second shoring device is removed. Later, if the linear guide pair the second shoring device further down from the linear guide pair the first shoring device emerges from above again Spreizrahmen between the linear guides of the first shoring device which ensures that the linear guide pair of the first shoring device reliable on Distance is kept while the second shoring device is lowered increasingly downwards.

It So it is a method for supporting trench walls by means opposed Shoring. The moat walls can easy or stepped. The Verbauplatten can in vertical guide rails or similar linear guides comprising means positively guided become. The shoring device becomes the soil by means of an excavator, Following the excavation, lowered. Between the vertical rails is the Spreizrahmen (often also rigid frame car or sled called), which acts as a spreader and in the vertical rails is displaceable. Because the length the vertical rails or the resulting Verbauwandhöhe due to mechanical action of the soil is limited, the final depth This described system is doubled by adding a complete new fitting system similar to that previously described used in the already installed system becomes. This will be new vertical rails with linear guides inserted between the already installed vertical rails. In these new vertical rails, a separate Spreizrahmen is used. These inside running rails (second linear guide pair) preferably have and as described in detail below on the back Guide element, e.g. a guide spring or ledge into the outer linear guide (e.g. a vertical guide channel) engage on the inside of the vertical rails of the outer shoring, wherein in this outer linear guide of Spreizrahmen (frame carriage) out is. Now the spreader (frame carriage) must be between the inner linear guides by means of a special spreading device described below be widened so that traction between the outer and inner linear guide (Outside- and inner rail) is generated. Then the complete inner frame, consisting of the two inner linear guides (vertical rails) and lowered the inner strut (frame carriage), so that the frame cars between the already installed outer linear guides is lowered to the bottom of the trench and by means of a special opening in lower area of the outer linear guide (see below) can be expanded. The entire earth pressure the first Built-shoring is now from the Spreizrahmen between the inner linear guides (Vertical rails).

Then be the inner vertical rails with the corresponding Verbauplatten further lowered by means of an excavator. Once the inner shoring device with the inner vertical rails and the inner strut sufficient has been lowered far, the outer becomes before disassembled frame cart over the inner shoring used again. This frame car takes over after further lowering the inner shoring device on the outer vertical rails acting earth load, if the inner Verbauvorrichtung by further Lowering between the inner vertical rails from the outer vertical rails after stepped down.

The The basic idea is, in an already built-in panel, consisting from large-scale slabs, those with vertical guide rails are connected, in turn, by a rigid frame (Rahmenwagen) are supported against the ground, a second Verbaufeld same length through, with the new special expansion frame of the first and the second mounting field alternately load on the already built-in field works, take over.

This Procedure is also for Suitable for use in the fields where the vertical linear guides are integrated in the Verbauplatten, so for so-called edge-supported Verbauplatten applicable, if they are equipped with rigid expansion frame. The rigid expansion frame (also called frame carriage or carriage) then take, if an equal edge-mounted Verbeausystem by a already built-in passed will, alternatively, the load.

For a single shovel, passing a shovel through an already built, equal length shovel ensures that the desired trench length is maintained at the bottom of the trench as well as at the top of the trench. In a field with two pairs of supports on which the two pairs of linear guide are arranged and between which the edges of the Shelves are slidably held, the identity of the length of the outer and inner Verbaufeld is advantageous because over the entire depth of the built trench a Verbändeld can connect seamlessly to the next.

As mentioned, is used as a spreader between the second linear guide pair or pair of supports the second shoring device preferably a rigid expansion frame used. This is after insertion of the second shoring device in the first shoring in practice, preferably with high Pressure spread. As a result, the linear guides of the second linear guide pair with big ones Force against the linear guides of the first linear guide pair pressed. One during the insertion of the linear guides the second shoring device existing game is eliminated by the spreading. In a subsequent Removing the Spreizrahmens the first shoring device passes through this elimination of the game no longer carries the risk that the linear guides the first Verbauvorrichtung shift in and subsidence phenomena occur supported by the shoring of the first shoring soil supported.

To the Spreading the Spreizrahmens the second shoring device can In practice, a hydraulic spreading device pressurized become. This allows generates high spreading forces which are the through the shoring panels of the first shoring device completely absorb generated compressive forces.

It Care should be taken that the with the spreading device provided Spreizrahmen is just as rigid as the Spreizrahmen without additional Spreading device. This can be done in practice after spreading a blocking element the Spreizrahmen the second shoring device lock in spread position. To achieve this, can a locking plate between two connecting flanges of said Spreizrahmens the second shoring fitted and screwed hereby become. It then arises again a rigid connection, consisting Made of high-strength steel elements between the guide elements of the second expansion frame. The spreading device, preferably a Hydraulic cylinder, is no longer subjected to support forces during further use, because they are completely on the transferred between the two connecting flanges joined blocking plate become.

On the same way can after the lowering of the second shoring device by a certain distance again between the linear guides Spreading frame used the first shoring device spread become. This will make the support frame the second shoring device relieved of pressure, so that between the shoring devices no frictional forces arise, the lowering obstruct the second shoring device.

Preferably becomes the inner frame, that of the inner linear guides the second shoring device is formed, from above between the linear guides of the first linear guide pair inserted. The second shoring device can therefore be preassembled with in between arranged spreading frame lowered into the first shoring device become.

Of the Spreizrahmen the first shoring device can in practice the removal in the lower area of the first linear guides the first shoring be moved. This allows the Supporting frame the second shoring device to the greater part of its length between the linear guides the first shoring device are inserted to there the load catch before the Spreizrahmen the first shoring Will get removed.

at a practical embodiment are the linear guides at the opposite Insides of two columns a pair of supports arranged the first shoring device. With these linear guides act on the outsides of the Spreizrahmens arranged guide elements form-fitting together. After moving the Spreizrahmens in the lower area of the first linear guide pair can the positive connection with the guide elements To get picked up. In this way, the guide elements to the trench interior out of the linear guides removed and the Spreizrahmen be removed.

If e.g. the linear guides Are guide channels, in those on the outside the Spreizrahmens arranged guide elements (e.g., guide rails) form-fitting and slidably received, can at the bottom of the Guide channels recesses are arranged, by which the guide elements removed from the guide channels become. But it is also any other method for lifting the Positive connection between the guide elements the expansion frame and the linear guides possible for the first couple. To the Example can the guide elements be screwed together. These guide elements can disassembled and dismantled to break the form-fitting.

The expansion frame of the first shoring device can also be pulled inward to remove its guide elements from the guide channels. Because a spreader frame, like mentioned above, is preferably telescopic to be spread to take over the supporting loads, it can be tightened vice versa in the expansion to be expanded from the linear guides to Grabeninneren out. A few centimeters contracting is sufficient to release the compressive force acting on the expansion frame and then disassemble it without external load so that it can be removed from the trench.

Preferably the Spreizrahmen is screwed together from different steel elements. at such a spreading frame can at least before removing it solved a screw become. The expansion frame can then be disassembled and between the linear guides a linear guide pair the first shoring are removed.

To the Example may be in removing the Spreizrahmens the first shoring device a spreading of the Spreizrahmens be solved and removed and subsequently removed the other elements of the Spreizrahmens to Grabeninneren out become. As explained in more detail in connection with the drawings, there is a Spreizrahmen a practical embodiment two on the linear guides slidably guided Carriage and arranged between these carriages Spreizrohren. After removal of the spreader tubes mentioned, the carriages can move to the trench interior be removed.

In the practice can as linear guides, e.g. at the opposite Insides of two columns a pair of supports the first shoring device, guide channels be provided in those on the outside the Spreizrahmens arranged guide elements positive locking and be moved bar. The linear guides (e.g., supports) of the second shoring device can then on their outsides also guide elements have in the guide channels of the first Verbauvorrichtung are guided displaceably. The guide elements on the outside the linear guides the second shoring device have a positive connection in the trench longitudinal direction with the outer guide channels on. So can the inner linear guides in between the outer linear guides out Do not overturn the frame forwards or backwards. To the ditch interior there are the linear guides a linear guide pair the second, inner Verbauvorrichtung by the intermediate expansion frame supported.

In the practice can the along a trench wall successive columns with the linear guides the first shoring device have receiving channels opposite one another, in where the Verbauplatten the first shoring displaced guided are. This corresponds to the known from the prior art embodiments for shoring devices with separate supports for supporting the plate edges. In the opposite receiving channels two successive columns the first shoring device can an outer and displaceable upper Verbauplatte and an inner and lower Verbauplatte guided be as one as possible size Installation depth of the first shoring device and a trench with tiered Cross section to achieve.

Also along a trench wall successive supports the second shoring device can opposite each other recording channels in which the shoring plates of the second shoring device are guided displaceably. In the opposite recording channels two successive columns the second shoring device also an outer and displaceable upper Verbauplatte and an inner and lower Verbauplatte guided be.

As mentioned, let yourself in this way the achievable installation depth of a simple known shoring device Double with rigid frame. Since the outer and the inner shoring over the same height extend, is a trouble-free connection of a first Verbauvorrichtung to a second over the entire trench height possible. It should be noted that this method can be repeated and between the supports or linear guides the second shoring device from above a third shoring device added and can be lowered, and before lowering this third Shoring device of the expansion frame of the second shoring device is removed in the area of the bottom of the trench. In this way can the increase the available installation depth even further. With larger sides acting forces on the Verbauplatten is in greater depth not to be expected, since the pressure acting from above of the lying Earth mass due to the internal friction of the soil (vault effect) only to a small extent is converted into lateral forces.

As mentioned above, The invention also relates to elements of the shoring device, which by their particular embodiment, the increase of the invention allow the installation depth.

So the invention also relates to a linear guide for the expansion frame of a trench shoring device, the linear guide with at least one guide element a slidable Spreizrahmens positively cooperates.

Around the removal of the Spreizrahmens after its displacement in the lower area of the linear guide to enable is the linear guide formed in the lower region such that the positive connection with the guide element is canceled.

In turn can the linear guide be integrated into the Verbauplatten and arranged at the edge. Alternatively, it may be separate as part of one of the sheathing panels support be formed, wherein the two vertical edges of a Verbauplatte of one support each be held at the beginning and end of a field.

If the linear guide is a guide channel, in the the guide element a Spreizrahmens positive can be inserted, at least one recess in the lower region of the guide channel be arranged through which the guide element can be removed towards the trench interior. As described above, can after inserting a pair of supports a second inner Verbauvorrichtung the Spreizrahmen near the Sole of the trench are removed by passing its guide elements through the recess in the lower part of the guide channel be taken inside.

Of the linear guide is preferably associated with at least one stop, which is the sliding movement the Spreizrahmens in the linear guide limited. For example, the linear guide may have at least one opening and the stop in the opening be plug-in bolt. If a bolt is just above and below of the expansion frame in it provided openings is plugged, the displacement is reduced to a minimum and the expansion frame is substantially stationary between the linear guides held. This is while the insertion of a column frame with two linear guides or a panel field with four column frames on the vertical edges two opposite each other Dismantling in the ditch helpful. When further lowering the linear guides become the stops solved, so that the individual components of the shoring relative are movable to each other. However, a stop should continue at least limit the displacement of the expansion frame downwards, to avoid the spreader frame being moved into the area is canceled in which the positive connection with the linear guide.

one such linear guide can also be used when used in an internal shoring device becomes, pointing to the trench outer outside at least one guide element be associated with that with an outside linear guide an outer Verbauvorrichtung positively in such a way cooperates, that the two linear guides each other in their longitudinal direction are displaceable. This guide element ensures that the linear guide, as part of the inner shoring between an outer linear guide pair pushed, can not tilt forwards or backwards. This is particularly significant when the linear guides arranged on supports are and two props together with a spreading frame arranged between them Supporting frame form. Inside, the supports of the inner column frame kept at a distance by the spreading frame arranged between them and against the outer linear guides pressed.

• • mit einem Paar innen liegender Stützen, die an der zum Grabeninneren weisenden Innenseite mindestens eine Linearführung aufweisen, die mit mindestens einem Führungselement eines entlang der Stütze verschiebbaren Spreizrahmens formschlüssig zusammenwirkt, der das innen liegende Stützenpaar auf Abstand hält, und
• • mit einem Paar außen liegender Stützen, welche an den innen liegenden Stützen in Längsrichtung der Stützen verschiebbar geführt sind und
• • mit an den Stützen angeordneten Befestigungsvorrichtungen zur Befestigung großflächiger Verbauplatten zwischen zwei aufeinander folgenden Stützen auf einer Seite des Grabens.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a support system for a trench shoring device,

• • With a pair of internal supports, which have at least one linear guide on the inner side of the trench, which cooperates with at least one guide element of a displaceable along the support Spreizrahmens, which holds the inner pair of columns at a distance, and
• • with a pair of external supports, which are slidably guided on the inner supports in the longitudinal direction of the supports and
• • with fastening devices arranged on the supports for fastening large-area shoring panels between two consecutive supports on one side of the trench.

According to one Aspect of the invention is provided at least one roller assembly, the friction between the facing surfaces of a Outside lying support and an internal support reduced. The roles take care of a smooth-running Displaceability of the inner support frame with respect to the outer pair of supports.

In the practice can on the inside support Rollers rotatably mounted about horizontal axes whose circumference over the area the internal support protrudes, the outside lying support is facing.

According to the invention can a rigid frame with guide elements on its outer sides which are intended to be used with a pair of each other facing linear guides form-fitting to work together. To the removal of the Spreizrahmens between the two Support a pair of supports to enable the guide elements solvable attached to the spreader frame. To spread a frame, consisting from the two linear guides and the spreader frame, to allow the expansion frame has a spreading device with which the distance between the outsides the Spreizrahmens changeable is.

The Spreading device may preferably be a hydraulic pressure cylinder include.

Further the expansion frame can have two connecting flanges whose spacing is variable by means of the spreading device and between them a locking plate with selectable Thickness is attachable. In this way, the expansion frame after the Spreading by means of the locking plate in the spread position be arrested, where he after locking again his rigid Structure and its big Has flexural rigidity. The hydraulic pressure cylinder is preferably arranged in the region of a spar of Spreizrahmens. Through the integration of the impression cylinder in the spar are during insertion of the second Shoring device in the first shoring device only a few handling steps required to spread by spreading the inner expansion frame between two inner linear guides acting on the outer linear guides personnel to take over. It only has a screw of the Spreizrahmens open and a hydraulic fluid is passed under pressure into the pressure cylinder, around the column frame spread open. Subsequently The locking plate can be used and the locking screws be tightened on the flanges to the Spreizrahmen in the spread position to lock rigid. The connection flanges can at a preferred embodiment the Spreizrahmens in the region of said spar with the impression cylinder be arranged.

embodiments The invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings described. The drawings show in:

1 a perspective view of a Verbaufeldes a known shoring with Spreizrahmen in the installed state.

2 an exploded view of a support frame of the shoring 1 in front view,

3 a front view of the support frame off 2 during installation,

4 a side view of the support frame when setting in the advance of a trench,

5 a side view of the support frame during insertion of the outer Verbauplatten,

6 three plan views of a support with the end of the outer Verbauplatten during insertion into the support,

7 a side view of the Verbaufeldes when setting the second support frame in the trench,

8th a plan view of the Verbaufeld when inserting the inner Verbauplatten,

9 a front view of the fully installed shoring device according to the prior art,

10 a top view of the left support of a support frame of the shoring of the preceding figures,

11 - 13 three schematic front views of a support frame of a first shoring device in three different installation depths,

14 - 20 a schematic front view of the support frame of the first and a second shoring device for installing larger trench depths,

21 the view xx of the left supports of the shoring out 20 .

22 a schematic front view of a Spreizrahmens according to the invention with hydraulic spreading device,

23 a detailed front view of the Spreizrahmens with hydraulic spreading device 22 .

24 an enlarged side view of a spreading device,

25 an enlarged front view of the spreading device,

26 a plan view of the inside of a support,

27 a top view of the left columns of another embodiment of the shoring device according to the invention in the fully installed state,

28 a perspective view of a panel field with edge-supported shoring panels in the installed state,

29 an enlarged view of the Verbaufeldes 28 with an attached second inner panel,

30 one of the 28 corresponding representation of the panel field with fully inserted into the first outer panel field, inner shoring field,

31 one of the 29 corresponding representation with completely below the first panel field built-second panel.

The 1 to 27 relate to an embodiment of the invention, in which a Verbaufeld a Verbauvorrichtung consists of four supports, at least two Spreizrahmen and at least two Verbauplatten. The four supports have on their inner sides, the linear guides for the Spreizrahmen and are combined into two pairs of supports, between each of which a Spreizrahmen is guided. At the supports the edges of Verbauplatten are slidably mounted. The 28 to 31 on the other hand show an embodiment of the invention without separate supports. Here, the linear guides are arranged directly on the edges of the Verbauplatten.

The 1 to 9 show the installation of a Verbaufeldes a first shoring device with supports according to the prior art. At this installation, the Verbauverfahren invention follows.

The 1 shows a Verbaufeld the known shoring in a trench, in which a pipe section 6 is inserted. The panel of the shoring device comprises two support frames 1 , Each column frame 1 has two pairs of opposing columns 2 on. Between these supports 2 is a rigid frame 3 in the longitudinal direction of the columns 2 slidably arranged. Every prop 2 has a guide channel on its inner side facing the trench 13 on, which forms a vertical linear guide and in which the expansion frame 3 is guided vertically displaceable.

The lower area 20 of the guide channel 13 is expanded, as described in more detail below. Thus the spreading frame 3 not in the expanded area 20 is pushed, is above the expanded area 20 an attack 25 appropriate. The stop 25 is in 1 as transverse to the guide channel 13 arranged latch shown. But it can be used as a stop any other means, such as in plug-in plug-in pins. Also, one can in the recording 13 slidable and clamped stop can be used to the displacement of the Spreizrahmens 3 to limit.

The 2 shows the items of a column frame 1 with disassembled expansion frame 3 , The spreading frame 3 consists of two carriages 7 , each in the linear guide a support 2 are guided longitudinally displaceable. Between the carriages 7 become spreader tubes 8th fastened by screws (not shown). In addition, spacer plates 9 in the area of the lower spreader tube 8th appropriate. The spacer plates 9 same game of linear guide for the carriage 7 out. In the area of the lower spreader tube 8th becomes the expansion frame 3 loaded on pressure, whereas he in the area of the upper Spreizrohrs 8th is loaded on train. The spacer plates 9 cause, despite the game between Spreizrahmen and the lateral supports 2 the lateral supports 2 aligned parallel to each other.

As in 3 to recognize, first becomes a prop 2 with a carriage 7 stored on as level terrain as possible. By means of a suitable hoist, for example the boom 10 a backhoe becomes the second prop 2 with attached carriage 7 and spreader tubes 8th raised and over the first prop 2 positioned. Subsequently, the lower fittings are attached, so that the rigid frame Spreizrahmen 3 closed and the support frame 1 is completed. Subsequently, the boom lifts 10 of the backhoe 11 the column frame 1 so that the two supports 2 vertically and parallel to each other (see 4 ). The support frame 1 is used in this orientation in a pre-lift for the field. The advance was previously with a backhoe 11 appropriate.

Depending on the stability of the soil, the pre-excavation must be carried out to a depth of 1 m to 1.5 m. In the pre-stroke is the first support frame 1 used, like the 4 shows.

Thereafter, the outer Verbauplatten 4 in the carrier profile of the columns 2 used. This process is in the 5 and 6 shown. A large installation plate 4 made of steel is lifted with an excavator boom and with an edge near the profile of one of the supports 2 emotional. As in particular in 8th To recognize, assign the supports 2 on the two sides, which lie in the trench longitudinal direction front and back, recording channels 12 into which the edges of the Verbauplatten 4 . 5 can be inserted. The edge of the outer lining plate 4 will, as in 6 shown in a receiving channel 12 the prop 2 pivoted.

As the 7 shows, then a second support frame 7 through the boom 10 lifted an excavator and at the other end of the Verbauplatten 4 lowered so that in the the baffles 4 facing receiving channels 12 the edges of the sheathing boards 4 be guided. The recording channels 12 form the fasteners, which are the outer Verbauplatten 4 between two columns in the trench longitudinal direction 2 on one side of the trench.

Then the excavator lifts the soil between the sheathing boards 4 and the supports 2 and press these components one after the other into the excavated trench. In each case 30-40 cm of the soil below the plate edges or the supports are dug. The pillars 2 , the sheathing 4 and the spreader frames 3 are alternately reprinted, these components are moved in the vertical direction.

If the outer Verbauplatten 4 are completely lowered into the ground, become inner Verbauplatten 5 used. As in 8th are shown, the inner Verbauplatten 5 in the receiving channel 12 the supports 2 above the outer shingles 4 swung in and then parallel to the outer Verbauplatten 4 lowered into the ditch. Upon further excavation of the trench, the inner baffles become 5 lowered, the outer Verbauplatten 4 in the 9 preserve recognizable position in the upper area of the ditch.

The outer sheathing plates 4 and the inner lining panels 5 For example, they can be divided into two to realize different trench heights. The Verbauplattenteile can be placed on each other and connected by fasteners firmly together.

The total height of the inner lining plate 5 or the outer Verbauplatte 4 is usually not more than 5 m, otherwise the forces acting on the components compressive forces, frictional forces and torsional forces are too large. Most is the height of consisting of two plate parts outer Verbauplatten 4 and inner sheathing 5 in the order of 4 m. The length of the support 2 is about 8 m. Accordingly, the greatest depth of a trench, which can be supported with the shoring device according to the invention, at 8 m, a maximum of 10 m.

The 10 shows in a detailed sectional view once again the cooperating parts of the shoring device on the example of a left support 2 a column frame.

It can be seen that the supports 2 consist of an at least partially closed box hollow profile. The two sides of the column lying in front of the trench in the front and rear of the trench 2 each have a receiving channel 12 on, in which the edges of outer Verbauplatten 4 and for digging inner staggered, inner Verbauplatten 5 are guided. Instead of a large open receiving channel 12 on each side of the prop 2 Also props are known, each having a stepped receiving channel on each side or the two mutually parallel receiving channels on each side to guide the outer and inner Verbauplatte at the edge.

Further, on the trench interior side facing the support 2 a guide channel 13 to recognize, which is open to the trench interior and forms a vertical linear guide. The guide channel 13 takes a guide rail 14 on, on the outside of the carriage 7 is arranged. The guide rail 14 engages behind form-fitting edge strips 15 which is the mouth of the guide channel 13 constrict laterally. The positive locking prevents the carriage 7 from his leadership in the leadership channel 13 is pulled out.

For easy movement of the carriage 7 along the prop 2 are on the carriage 7 castors 16 arranged around horizontal axes 17 are rotatable and on the trench interior facing surface lateral support flanges 18 the prop 2 roll.

It It should be noted that the smooth movement of a Spreizwagens or Spreizrahmens on a support also by other linear guides on the support inside and by other, hereby cooperating guide elements of the expansion frame can be achieved without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The 10 further shows a guide bar 19 on the outside of the prop 2 , This guide bar 19 has no function when the shoring device alone (as in 9 to recognize) is installed. It only fulfills its function when, according to the invention, a second shoring device is inserted into the above-described first shoring device and installed therethrough into a greater shallow depth. This process is in the 11 to 20 shown.

The first 11 to 13 Summarize once again the previously described process of installing a shoring device according to the prior art. Here are in the 11 to 19 only the support frame 1 shown in front view in a viewing direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the trench. The shoring plates, which laterally delimit the shingles defined by the support frames, are only in 20 to recognize.

11 shows similar to the 5 like the column frame 1 is used in the advance of the trench. The 12 shows the support frame 1 on further lowering of the shoring device, as described above. The 13 shows - similar to the 9 - schematically the support frame 1 in fully installed condition.

14 shows the Fortfüh invention tion of the shoring process to achieve particularly large trench depths. In the illustrated in this figure, fully installed first support frame 1 becomes a second support frame 1' a second shoring used. This is the support frame 1' also to a boom 10 hanged from an excavator and from above between the supports 2 of the first column frame 1 pushed until the second column frame 1' just above the expansion frame 3 the first shoring device is located.

If that of the spreader frame 3 ' the second inner Verbauvorrichtung substantially completely between the supports 2 the outer shoring device is located (below the in 14 shown position) it is spread open until the supports 2 ' the inner shoring device with great pressure against the supports 2 abut the outer Verbauvorrichtung. As a result, the spreading frame 3 between the columns 2 the outer shoring relieved. The spreading device for the expansion frame will be described in detail below.

The spreading frame 3 the first shoring device is with the stop described above 25 ( 1 ) first at a certain height of the supports 2 fixed. After insertion and spreading of the second support frame 1' the stopper is removed, and the expanding frame 3 of the first column frame 1 completely lowered to the bottom of the trench (see 15 ). Here is the first expansion frame 3 between the outer supports 2 the first shoring removed. The one on the outer supports 2 the first shoring device acting earth pressure is on the inner supports 2 ' on the spread-spread frame 3 ' the second, internal Verbauvorrichtung transmitted.

In the figures, it can be seen that the expansion frame 3 ' has a different shape than the Spreizrahmen 3 , The spreading frame 3 has - as in the embodiment of the 1 to 9 - A substantially rectangular shape with an upper and a lower Spreizrohr 8th between the lateral carriages 7 on, whereas the Spreizrahmen 3 ' between the lateral carriages 7 ' only a spreader tube 8th' comprising, consisting of a rectangular box hollow profile. The spreading frame 3 ' So essentially has a downwardly open U-shaped shape. Other Spreizrahmen are known, for example, have an H-shaped form with a single pipe section in the central region of the carriage. Any embodiments of the spreading frame may be used to carry out the invention 3 . 3 ' be used. Any kind of expansion frame 3 . 3 ' is advantageously provided with a spreading device to be spread during insertion between the two stubs of a built-in trench shoring panel and take over the load.

In the 1 is on the front left support 2 to realize that the guide channel 13 for the left carriage 7 in the lower section about the height of the carriage 7 is widened. This widened area consists of expanding recesses by removing the skirting 15 be generated in the lower area. The recess or the extended area is denoted by the reference numeral 20 provided and in 29 taking a view of the inside of the prop 2 shows, shown in detail. The 21 further shows a section through the lower portion of the upper and outer support 2 and a plan view of the lower and inner support 2 ' , Here you can see that the sidebars 15 ' the positive connection between the dovetail guide rail 14 ' of the carriage 7 ' and the inner support 2 ' to ensure. At the outer support 2 is the positive locking in the illustrated lower extended area 20 of the guide channel 13 because of the missing sidebars 15 canceled. The course of the sidebars 15 above the cutting plane is in 21 indicated by dashed lines. One in the guide channel 13 inserted guide rail 14 a trolley 7 (please refer 10 ) is therefore at the top by the sidebars 15 but may be in the extended range 20 ( 21 ) of the guide channel 13 simply to the trench interior out of the guide channel 13 be removed. After loosening the screw connection and removing the expansion tubes 8th between the carriages 7 of the expansion frame 3 can all components of the expansion frame 3 be removed from the ditch. During the removal of the expansion frame 3 between the outer supports 2 becomes the support frame 1' held and locked by a stop at a certain height (see 16 ). After the lower spreader frame 3 is removed, the stopper is removed and the support frame 1' lowered further (see 17 ).

Now, a Verbaufeld the second shoring device, which consists of two support frame 1' and therebetween arranged outer and inner sheathing panels, are lowered with continuous further excavation of the trench (see 18 ). The lateral pressure loads of the soil will continue through the sliding Spreizrahmen 3 ' between the inner supports 2 ' added. Once the inner support frame 1' are far enough lowered, the Spreizrahmen 3 previously under the columns 2 ' between the columns 2 was removed, again from above between the supports 2 be inserted (see 19 ). In a further lowering of the lower supports 2 ' then the ones on the upper supports 2 acting earth loads again from the intermediate expansion frame 3 added. The spreading frame 3 ' picks up the burdens on the lower supports 2 ' Act.

In this way, with continuous safe interception on the outer supports 2 acting lateral earth loads an inner pair of props 2 ' between the outer supports 2 brought and, starting from the bottom of the trench, after installation of the outer supports 2 (please refer 17 ) the second shoring device, which from the inner supports 2 ' supported, lowered to a much greater trench depth.

The 20 shows the shoring device according to the invention in its installed state. Here are the outer Verbauplatten 4 between the upper supports 2 and 4 ' between the lower supports 2 ' shown. Furthermore, the inner Verbauplatten 5 in the receiving channels of the upper supports 2 and the inner lining panels 5 ' in the receiving channels of the lower supports 2 ' to recognize. The side on the Verbauplatten 4 ' . 5 ' The forces acting on the lower shoring device are not significantly higher than those on the shoring panels 4 . 5 the upper Verbauvorrichtung acting forces. The vertical load, which increases as a result of the greater installation depth, at the same time leads to an increase in the frictional forces in the soil, so that these vertical compressive forces do not extend to a considerable extent in the lateral direction on the lining panels 4 ' . 5 ' be transmitted.

The However, the present invention is not limited to the described shoring devices with in the supports running inner and outer Verbauplatten limited, but can also be used advantageously in shoring devices, where only one Verbauplatten between two consecutive Support guided is.

The Sheave field of the outer shoring device and the paneling of the inner shoring device have the same Length up. So can transition several outer and inner shoring devices in trench longitudinal direction one behind the other be joined.

The 21 shows the columns on the left side of the in 20 shown trench in the view xx. Here it can be seen that the support frame 1 . 1' from both sides with Verbauplatten 4 . 5 4 ' . 5 ' are equipped. That is, the supports shown 2 . 2 ' two bogies whose length is determined by the length of the baffles 4 . 5 . 4 ' . 5 ' is defined, connect with each other.

In 21 it can be seen that in the guide channel 13 ' the inner support 2 ' the guide rail 14 ' of the carriage 3 ' is included. In contrast, accesses the guide channel 13 the outer support 2 the on the outside of the inner support 2 ' attached guide bar 19 and make sure the inner support 2 ' can not overturn in trench longitudinal direction during installation.

As in 20 to recognize, engages in the trench interior open guide channel above the inner columns 2 ' the guide rail of the upper Spreizrahmens 3 one.

As mentioned above, it is advantageous if after inserting the inner support frame 1' between the columns 2 the outer column frame 1 and before removing the spreader frame 3 between the outer supports 2 the spreading frame 3 ' between the inner supports 2 ' is spread. In a similar way, it makes sense after resuming the Spreizrahmens 3 while lowering the lower supports 2 ' this re-used Spreizrahmen 3 aufzuspreizen laterally so that it frictionally against the outer supports 2 is applied. In this way, any movement of the outer supports 2 towards the trench center during installation and passage of the inner support frame 1' between the outer supports 2 avoided.

The 22 schematically shows a spreading device, which allows the spreading. It can be seen that the left carriage 7 of the expansion frame 3 comprising a hydraulic spreading device. The spreading device is located in the region of two connecting flanges 21 . 22 on the one hand on the carriage 7 and on the other hand, at one end of the spreader tube 8th are arranged. Each hydraulic spreading device comprises a hydraulic cylinder 23 , In the illustrated expansion frame 3 are hydraulic cylinders 23 both in the region of the lower spreader tube 8th as well as in the area of the upper spreader tube 8th intended. To spread the frame, the screw connection of the connection flange 21 on the carriage 7 with the connection flange 22 on the spreader tube 8th be solved. Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder 23 pressurized. Preferably, the upper hydraulic cylinder 23 and the lower hydraulic cylinder 23 synchronously applied to the same pressure. After spreading the Spreizrahmens 3 to the desired width is a locking plate 24 between the spread flanges 21 . 22 together.

In 23 is the lock plate 24 shown in its position of use with its narrow side and rotated by 90 ° with its broadside. In addition, here - as described below - the the carriage 7 assigned connection plate 21 ' Part of an additional part, which is the hydraulic cylinder 23 having. The view of the broad side of the barrier plate 24 allows four through holes for screws to be seen, with corresponding holes in the adjacent connection flanges 21 ' and 22 aligned. Furthermore, the locking plate 24 in the middle of an elongated recess 38 on, passing the piston rod 36 (please refer 25 ).

After spreading and inserting the locking plate, the connection is made up of the connecting flanges 21 ' . 22 and the lock plate 24 screwed back so that the spreader frame 3 furthermore has a high flexural rigidity. The locking plates 24 are available in different thicknesses, so that in each case the thickness can be selected, the thickness of which corresponds to the maximum spreading by the spreading device.

For removal of the expansion frame 3 between the columns 2 can be reversed. It can first solved a screw and then a certain pressure on the hydraulic cylinder 23 are given. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder takes over 23 the pressure from the blocking plate 24 between the connection flanges 21 . 22 is inserted. Subsequently, a blocking plate 24 away. If then the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic cylinders 23 is discharged, are the Spreizrohre 8th with great play between the two side carriages 7 , The spreader tubes 8th can be removed after loosening the screw connection of the connection flanges on the right side. Subsequently, the carriages can 7 from the guide channels 13 the supports 2 through the widened area 20 (please refer 1 and 26 ) in the lower part of the columns 2 be removed.

As mentioned above, also has the Spreizwagen 3 ' the inner shoring on a similar spreading device.

In the 22 schematically shown spreading device is in the 23 - 25 shown in detail. As in 23 recognizable, the spreading with hydraulic cylinders accessories 32 form, between the connection flange 21 a trolley 7 and the opposite connection flange 22 the spreader tube 8th be screwed and have two corresponding connection flanges. The connecting flange 22 the spreader tube 8th facing connection flange 21 ' of the additional part 32 then forms the carriage 7 associated connection flange 21 ' from the connection flange 22 the spreader tube 8th can be pushed away.

The 24 and 25 show one of the mentioned additional parts 32 in enlarged view. It is in the view of the additional part 32 in 24 a part of the front connection flange 21 shown cut away so that the hydraulic cylinder 23 is visible. For the same reason is a part of in 25 visible side wall of the box hollow profile 33 cut out. In 25 is additionally the left end of a Spreizrohrs 8th with connection flange 22 and a locking plate 24 shown.

The additional part 32 comes with its left connection flange 22 ' against a connection flange 21 of the carriage 7 screwed. With the second connection flange 21 ' becomes the additional part 32 to the corresponding connection flange 22 the spreader tube 8th screwed. Between the two connection flanges 21 ' and 22 ' of the additional part 32 there is a box hollow profile 33 in which a hydraulic cylinder 23 is included. The hydraulic cylinder 23 is with a base plate 34 at the connection flange 22 ' welded. The hydraulic cylinder 23 has a hydraulically displaceable piston 35 and an adjoining piston rod 36 on, whose free end against the connecting flange 22 the spreader tube 8th suppressed. The spreading of the spreading device is in particular in 25 to recognize. When the hydraulic cylinder 23 pressurized, the piston pushes 35 the piston rod 36 against the connection flange 22 the spreader tube 8th , so that between this and the opposite flange 21 ' the spreader tube 8th a gap is created. In this gap, the locking plate 24 which has passage holes for screws, the holes in the connection plates 21 ' . 22 correspond. Thereafter, the pressure from the hydraulic cylinder 23 drained and the two connection plates 21 ' . 22 with the intervening blocking plate 24 screwed.

In the 24 and 25 it can be seen that in the lower area of the connecting flange 21 ' of the additional part 32 a leadership profile 37 is welded. It is in the in 24 visible view U-shaped and surrounds the lower edge of the connection flange 21 ' essentially flush. The leadership profile 37 Ensures that when moving with dissolved screw the opposing flanges 22 . 21 ' these remain aligned with each other and can be screwed again after the shift.

The 27 shows a plan view of the two left columns of a built-in, inventive Verbauvorrichtung with the shim plates received therein 4 . 4 ' . 5 . 5 ' , In this embodiment, by way of derogation from the illustration in FIG 21 the outer support 2 and the inner support 2 ' formed differently to each other. In such an embodiment, make sure that the supports 2 . 2 ' are installed in the correct position outside or inside. Due to the different design of the columns 2 . 2 ' can be any of the supports 2 . 2 ' optimally adapted to their function.

The inner support 2 ' has horizontal axes at regular intervals 27 on the near their outside where the prop 2 ' forming box hollow profile are attached. On the horizontal axes 27 are rotatable rollers 26 arranged, which on the inner sections of the support flanges 18 the outer support 2 roll. In this way, the smooth moving of the columns 2 ' of the inner column frame 1' between the outer supports 2 ensured. The circumference of the rollers protrudes 26 elongated recesses in the outer wall of the inner support 2 ' and protrudes over this outer wall by a few millimeters. Only the inner support 2 ' has a guide bar 19 ' on. This can be attached to the outer support 2 omitted in the illustrated embodiment, because the outer support 2 does not have to be guided along an outboard support.

While in the previously described embodiments of the invention, the supports 1 . 1' . 2 . 2 ' with the linear guides 13 . 13 ' . 14 . 14 ' from the building panels 4 . 4 ' . 5 . 5 ' are separable, are in the in the 28 - 31 illustrated embodiment, the supports firmly connected to the Verbauplatten or integrated into this. The supports are arranged on the lateral edges of the shoring plates and are referred to in this embodiment as a vertical rail, which form the linear guides for the expansion frame. The method according to the invention is functional not only with edge-supported shoring devices but also with center-supported shoring panels suitable for shallow trench shoring.

In 28 is a perspective view of a single Verbaufeld, also called Verbaubox, consisting of two edge-supported Verbauplatten 28 shown. Each of the building panels 28 has guide channels in the area of its two vertical edges 29 on. The guide channels 29 are in edge profiles of the building panels 28 trained and take guide elements of two rigid Spreizrahmen 30 on, which are guided displaceably in the vertical direction.

Such a shoring device is placed on the ground at the location where the trench is to be excavated, and then lowered during the continuous dredging in the excavated trench. 28 shows the junction box at the end of this installation process.

29 shows the insertion of a second Verbaubox in the first Verbaubox. Two sheaves 28 . 28 ' be in the outer Verbauplatten 28 . 28 ' used, with guide webs 31 on the outsides of the inner Verbauplatten 28 ' in the guide channels 29 on the insides of the outer sheathing panels 28 are guided.

By stops (not shown) are the Verbauplatten 28 ' the inner shoring device in the in 29 apparent position. At closing the Spreizrahmen 30 ' between the inner lining panels 28 ' , as described above, spread so that they from the outside on the outer Verbauplatten 28 Intercept acting loads. As a result, the Spreizrahmen 30 between the outer shingles 28 relieved and can, as described above, be removed. For this reason, the spreader frame needs 30 between the outer shingles 28 from the leadership channels 29 the outer sheathing 28 be removable.

As in 30 shown, with expanded expansion frame between the outer Verbauplatten 28 the board field, consisting of the inner Verbauplatten 28 ' to be lowered completely into the ditch. Upon further excavation of the trench is the inner Verbauvorrichtung consisting of the Verbauplatten 28 ' with the expansion frame in between 30 ' be lowered further. To the on the upper and outer Verbauplatten 28 Effectively intercept acting earth loads are the further lowering of the inner Verbauvorrichtung with the Verbauplatten 28 ' again the spreader frame 30 between the outer sheathing panels 28 inserted and - as described above - spread apart to the Spreizrahmen 30 ' from the on the outer Verbauplatten 28 to relieve acting load.

Due to the present invention, it is therefore possible to install with simple Verbauanordnungen such Verbauboxen with edge-supported Verbauplatten very large trench depths. As in 31 shown, a plurality of such panels can be joined together to obstruct a longer trench without interruption.

1, 1'

Supporting frame

2, 2 '

support

3, 3 '

spreading

4, 4 '

upper outer lining plate

5, 5 '

lower inner lining plate

6

pipe section

7

carriage

8th, 8th'

spreading tube

9

spacer plate

10

boom

11

shovel

12

Receiving channel fastening device

13 13 '

Guide channel, linear guide

14 14 '

Guide rail, guide element

15 15 '

sidebar

16

caster

17

axis

18

support flange

19

guide web

20

widened Area

21 21 '

flange

22 22 '

flange

23

hydraulic cylinders

24

locking plate

25

attack

26

caster

27

axis

28 28 '

shoring

29 29 '

Guide channel, linear guide

30 30 '

spreading

31

guide web

32

attachment

33

Hollow box profile

34

baseplate

35

piston

36

 piston rod

37

 guide profile

38

 elongated recess

Claims (29)

Trenching method in which a trench is excavated and a shoring device is inserted into the trench, wherein at least a first pair of shoring plates ( 4 . 5 . 28 ) is inserted into the trench, at least one first stiffening frame ( 3 . 30 ) between the two Verbauplatten ( 4 . 5 . 28 ) in a first pair of linear guides ( 13 . 29 ) is displaceably guided, wherein in each case a linear guide ( 13 . 29 ) of the first pair of linear guides each with one of the Verbauplatten ( 4 . 5 . 28 ) of the first Verbauplattenpaars is connected, • at least a second pair of mutually opposite Verbauplatten ( 4 ' . 5 ' . 28 ' ) between the first lining plate pair ( 4 . 5 . 28 ) and inserted into the trench, characterized in that • first a second pair of linear guides ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) between the first linear guide pair installed in the trench ( 13 . 29 ), wherein in each case a linear guide ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) of the second linear guide pair with at least one lining plate ( 4 ' . 5 ' . 28 ' ) of the second Verbauplattenpaars is connected and the linear guides ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) of the second linear guide pair by a spreader ( 3 ' . 30 ' ) are kept at a distance, • then the expansion frame ( 3 . 30 ) between the first linear guide pair ( 13 . 29 ) and below the second linear guide pair ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) is removed, • then on further excavation of the trench the second Verbauplattenpaar and the second linear guide pair are lowered and a Spreizrahmen ( 3 . 30 ) between the first linear guide pair ( 13 . 29 ) and above the second linear guide pair ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) is used. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear guides ( 29 . 29 ' ) at the edges of the Verbauplatten ( 28 . 28 ' ) are attached. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the linear guides ( 13 . 13 ' ) on supports ( 2 . 2 ' ) are mounted, with a Verbauplatte ( 4 . 5 . 4 ' . 5 ' ) on each side of the trench between two consecutive supports ( 2 . 2 ' ) is attached. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that a second pair of supports ( 2 ' ), on which the second pair of linear guides ( 13 ' ) is mounted between a first pair of supports ( 2 ) to which a first pair of linear guides ( 13 ) is used is used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a spreader between the second linear guide pair ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) a rigid expansion frame ( 3 ' . 30 ' ) is used. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the spreader ( 3 ' . 30 ' ) between the second linear guide pair ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) is spread after insertion of the second shoring device in the first shoring device with high pressure. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that for spreading the spreader ( 3 ' ) of the second shoring device a hydraulic spreading device ( 23 ) is pressurized. A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that after spreading a blocking element the spreader ( 3 ' ) between the second linear guide pair ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) locked in spread position. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that a blocking plate ( 24 ) between two connection flanges ( 21 . 22 ) of the spreader ( 3 ) and screwed hereby. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second linear guide pair ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) from above between the first linear guide pair ( 13 . 29 ) is inserted. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the expansion frame ( 3 . 30 ) between the first linear guide pair ( 13 . 29 ) before removal in the lower region of the first pair of linear guides ( 13 . 29 ) is moved. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the linear guides ( 13 ) of the first pair with on the outer sides of the Spreizrah mens ( 3 ) arranged guide elements ( 14 ) interact positively and that after moving the Spreizrahmens ( 3 ) in the lower region of the linear guide ( 13 ) the positive connection with the guide elements ( 14 ) will be annulled. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the linear guides guide channels ( 13 ) are in which on the outer sides of the Spreizrahmens ( 3 ) arranged guide elements ( 14 ) are received positively and displaceably, and that the guide elements ( 14 ) from the guide channels ( 13 ) by at least one recess ( 20 ) in the lower region of the guide channels ( 13 ) are removed. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the spreading frame ( 3 ) between the first linear guide pair ( 13 ) for removing its guide elements ( 14 ) from the guide channels ( 13 ) is contracted inwards. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the removal of the expansion frame ( 3 ) between the first linear guide pair ( 13 ) at least one screw is released. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the removal of the expansion frame ( 3 ) between the first linear guide pair ( 13 ) a spreading element ( 8th ) of the expansion frame ( 3 ) and then removed and then the other elements ( 7 ) of the expansion frame ( 3 ) are removed towards the trench interior. Method according to one of claims 3 to 16, characterized in that the supports ( 2 ) with the first pair of linear guide on the opposite inner side guide channels ( 13 ), in which on the outer sides of the Spreizrahmens ( 3 ) arranged guide elements ( 14 ) are positively and slidably received, and that supports ( 2 ' ) with the second linear guide pair on their outer side guide elements ( 19 ' ) in the guide channels ( 13 ), which form the first linear guide pair, are guided displaceably. Method according to one of claims 3 to 17, characterized in that along a trench wall successive supports ( 2 ) with the first linear guides ( 13 ) receiving channels ( 12 ), in which the edges of the Verbauplatten ( 4 . 5 ) are guided displaceably. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that in the opposite receiving channels ( 12 ) of two consecutive supports ( 2 ) with the first linear guides ( 13 ) an outer and upper Verbauplatte ( 4 ) and an inner and lower Verbauplatte ( 5 ) are guided displaceably. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supports (3) following one another along a trench wall 2 ' ) with the second linear guides ( 13 ' ) receiving channels ( 12 ' ), in which the shoring plates ( 4 . 5 ) are guided displaceably. A method according to claim 20, characterized in that in the opposing receiving channels ( 12 ' ) of two consecutive supports ( 2 ' ) with the second linear guides ( 13 ' ) an outer and upper Verbauplatte ( 4 ' ) and an inner and lower Verbauplatte ( 5 ' ) are guided displaceably. Linear guide ( 13 ) for the spreading frame ( 3 ) a trench shoring device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the linear guide ( 13 ) with at least one guide element ( 14 ) of a displaceable expansion frame ( 3 ) cooperates in a form-fitting manner, characterized in that it is in the lower region ( 20 ) is designed such that the positive connection with the guide element ( 14 ) is canceled, wherein the linear guide as a guide channel ( 13 ) is formed, in which the guide element ( 14 ) of a spreading frame ( 3 ) is positively inserted, and in the lower region of the guide channel ( 13 ) at least one recess ( 20 ) is arranged, through which the guide element ( 14 ) is removable. Linear guide ( 13 ) according to claim 22, characterized in that it is fixed to an edge of a Verbauplatte. Linear guide ( 13 ) according to claim 22, characterized in that it is attached to a support ( 2 ) is mounted, with a Verbauplatte ( 4 . 5 ) on each side of the trench between two consecutive supports ( 2 ) is attached. Linear guide ( 13 ) according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that it has at least one stop ( 25 ) associated with the displacement movement of the Spreizrahmens ( 3 ) in the linear guide ( 13 ) limited. Linear guide ( 13 ) according to claim 25, characterized in that it comprises at least one opening and the stopper is a plug-in in this opening bolt. Linear guide ( 13 ' . 29 ' ) according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that its an outside facing the trench outer is assigned, the at least one guide element ( 19 . 31 ), which with a second, outer linear guide ( 13 . 29 ) cooperates positively and displaceably. Support system for a trench shoring device for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 21, having a pair of internal supports ( 2 ' ), which at the inner side of the trench facing inside at least one linear guide ( 13 ' ) according to one of claims 24 to 27, and • with a pair of external supports ( 2 ), which on the inner supports ( 2 ' ) in the longitudinal direction of the supports ( 2 . 2 ' ) are guided displaceably and • with at the supports ( 2 . 2 ' ) arranged fastening devices ( 12 . 12 ' ) for the attachment of large-area shoring panels ( 4 . 5 ; 4 ' . 5 ' ) between two consecutive supports ( 2 . 2 ' ) on one side of the trench, characterized by at least one roller arrangement ( 26 ), the friction between the facing surfaces of two mutually guided supports ( 2 . 2 ' ), wherein the roller arrangement ( 26 ) on one of the two supports ( 2 . 2 ' ) rolls off. Support system according to claim 28, characterized in that on the inner support ( 21 ) Roll ( 26 ) are rotatably mounted whose circumference over the surface of the inner support ( 2 ' ) protrudes, the external support ( 2 ) is facing.