DE102004031066A1 - Machine tool with at least two spindle units, comprising tool gripping devices radial arranged in particular angle - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine tool (1) is equipped with at least two spindles (21, 22), each fitted with a tool, and at least with one rotating tool magazine (3) moving in relation to the spindles (21, 22) in order to facilitate the tool exchange. A multitude of gripping elements (4) is arranged around the outer area of the magazine (3). The longitudinal axis of each of the tools (50) forms an acute angle with the rotation axle (30) of the tool magazine (3), facilitating the accommodation of a maximal amount of tools.

Description

The The invention relates to a machine tool having at least two work spindles, which each carry and drive a replaceable machining tool and at least one, about a rotational axis rotating tool magazine disc, which Having tool tongs for holding processing tools, wherein a relative movement between the tool magazine disc and work spindle for the Replacement or replacement of machining tools on the Work spindle is provided.

So-called Multi-spindle machine tools are well known. In these be in a machine tool at least two spindles maintained. The generic machine tools are often for the machining workpiece machining used. The advantages Such machine tools are that they have a high Zerspanleistung have.

For the or replacement of machining tools on the work spindles is a procedure described as "pick-up technique" common. For the Workpiece change process is it known to design the tool magazine stationary and the Work spindle is moved up against the tool magazine. For insertion or removing the tool becomes a relative movement between the tool magazine disc and the work spindle needed to Example derived from the movement of the work spindle.

For one preferably efficient use of the machine tool is known tool magazines to hold on the one hand tools redundant to the Example of tool wear on Interruption of processing as possible excluded. Naturally But the tool magazine also serves a variety of different purposes Editing tools for to provide different machining on the work spindle.

Generic machine tools must therefore be formed such that a preferably high number of machining tools is available.

The Invention has set itself the task of machine tools, such as described at the beginning, available to provide the highest possible Have tool density in their tool magazines.

Is solved this task by a machine tool as be written, wherein it is provided that the Pliers axis of the tool pliers on the respective tool magazine disc is arranged radially or the tongs axis with the connecting line between the axis of rotation and the tool magazine disc and the Tool axis of resting in the tool tongs machining tool includes an acute angle α.

The Tool pliers are formed by a receptacle that connects with the shaft the machining tool cooperates. Furthermore, they are accordingly designed holding devices that ensure that this Machining tool is held securely in the tool tongs and not accidentally falls out. The tool pliers do not necessarily have two interacting with each other Jaws ahead, the term tool tongs is rather than Generic term to understand any possibility of recording and Holding machining tools in the tool magazine discs the generic machine tools describes.

The Tool pliers have a certain length. This longitudinal extension is often also the symmetry axis of the tool tongs. As pliers axis In this respect, the main direction of this longitudinal extension is considered, the in a special variant of the invention with the axis of symmetry the tool tongs coincide. The caliper axis is also defined by the fact that the tool axis, So the axis of rotation of the machining tool and the center of gravity the tool pliers, part of the pliers axis are.

The Tool pliers is designed so slim that they themselves inside, tapered off the machining tool accordingly, with it the arrangement of the machining tool on the circumference of the tool magazine disc in the highest possible Density occurs because by providing a high number of Tool tongs of course Also a high number of machining tools on the tool magazine disc can be stored.

Similarly, an arrangement in which the forceps axis with the connecting line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the resting in the tool tongs machining tool includes an acute angle. A certain tilting in the direction of the respective tangent (relative to the axis of rotation) imperceptibly reduces the storage capacity of tools of the tool magazine disc, but offers certain advantages in loading and unloading the tools into the spindle. In particular, when the spindles are positioned close to each other, it is also possible with such an arrangement to simultaneously exchange the tools of several spindles.

The Invention allows different design proposals. First is it is possible that the machine tool according to the invention for at least two work spindles two (or even more) tool magazine disks provides. conveniently, while the spindles are in a corresponding number of Work spindle groups divided, the number of these groups the number of tool magazine discs corresponds.

there it is irrelevant for the purposes of the invention, whether the number of work spindles per group is the same or different. Both variants are possible here.

The other constructive variant, which is possible according to the invention, is an arrangement in which a disc for a plurality of spindles or Spindle groups or for all work spindles of a machine tool is provided. The inventive task is therefore very diverse solved. The invention achieves that a large number of processing tools to disposal be made without enlarging the machine tool in their footprint.

This Effect is further enhanced when in a variant of the invention it is provided that the Tool magazine discs over the work spindle are arranged. In general, the room is above the Machine tool unused, the hall area, however, severely limits the number of the machine tools, especially when these chain are. conveniently, Therefore, the tool magazine discs are above the work spindles arranged and then spent as needed on the work spindle.

The inventive task, as described above, but also by a machine tool solved, which is equipped with only one work spindle, which one replaceable machining tool carries and drives, as well as a tool stock which tool tongs for holding processing tools having. Even with such an alternative machine tool is a relative movement between the tool magazine and work spindle for the Replacement or replacement of machining tools on the Work spindle provided. In order to achieve the object of the invention is suggested here that the Tool stock is divided into at least two part magazines. At long last it depends on the available standing extent if possible minimized area or to optimize expansion of the tool stock. It is therefore cheaper divide the tool stock into two sub-magazines than the entire area to realize in a magazine. This results in much smaller ones Subunits that are easier to handle and also cheaper can be produced. The proposal optimizes the available Number of tongs considerably.

In a variant is proposed that the sub-magazine as a Rotary axis rotating tool magazine disc is formed. According to this Variant is proposed here, in the same way a tool magazine disc use as a sub-magazine in the sense of this part of the invention.

The only one work spindle can be designed to be movable in this case, around the respective remotely located partial magazines to reach. For the purposes of the invention, it is possible here, the Partial magazine either as a tool magazine disc or as a chain magazine and the like. For example, it will anyway to disposal standing big Hub for corresponding machine tools when changing tools again used to reach the distant partial magazines.

alternative it is natural also possible, that the Part magazines are movable and can be brought to the work spindle are to carry out the tool change.

It is cheap, that the Part magazines are arranged above the work spindle. But you can also arranged laterally next to the work spindles or below be. The invention is in this regard not limited. Furthermore have on this part of the invention all other backsheets and also all other possible ones Characteristic combinations validity; in particular it is possible Tool tongs radially or at a certain angle to the as To arrange tool magazine disc trained part magazines.

In A preferred variant of the invention provides that the machine tool has two tool magazine discs, at least in the tool change position stand close to each other.

When Tool change position while the arrangement understood at which tool change takes place, ie the tool magazine disc at the respective work spindle is to replace the tool.

That the tool magazine discs are oriented close to each other at least during the tool change, it allows, with two Werkzeugma gum disks on two work spindles or groups of work spindles, which are also closely oriented to each other, at the same time to change the tools. As a result, the efficiency is increased, since the change process is performed simultaneously for all work spindles.

These variant according to the invention also allows several configurations. First, it is possible that the two Tool magazine discs are moved substantially parallel and thus actually all the time, as well as during the change process, are arranged relatively close to each other. By such a configuration is it possible, for example, a common drive for to provide the tool magazine discs. In another variant Is it possible, that the tool magazine discs in far-off waiting positions, outside the processing room and only for the tool change into the tool position as described. These Variant allows the tool exchange in the waiting position economically Cheap make, as for example tool magazine discs accordingly outward be moved where the operator reaches this well.

In a preferred variant of the invention it is provided that the two Rotation axes of the two tool magazine discs are oriented in parallel and / or the two tool magazine discs lie in one plane. Such a design facilitates construction, because the spindles in the room are stored the same and often similar to be moved. The control of the entire machine tool according to the invention is thereby facilitated accordingly. By the arrangement will also achieved that the Tool axes are parallel to the axes and so the replacement or replacing the tools in a simple manner is possible. In the same way, it is also advantageous if the two tool magazine discs lie in one plane. Especially when the spindles are the same are trained and installed, this is a simple geometric Made up and especially the common change, what to a corresponding time saving leads, facilitated.

there the invention does not exclude solutions, in which the aforementioned geometric references do not exist. Of course, too Arrangements for the invention in which the axis of rotation is not parallel to each other or the tool magazine discs to each other tilted or arranged in parallel planes.

It is advantageous in that the Invention provides that the first tool magazine disc of the first work spindle or a first group of work spindles is assigned and also the second tool magazine disc of the second work spindle or associated with a second group of work spindles. Such Arrangement can be Naturally even with more than two tool magazine discs without problems. These Subsystems are then reconcilable and if necessary in turn formed redundant.

It is an advantage if for the tool magazine discs a guide is provided along the the tool magazine disc in a linear movement linearly movable and can be brought to the work spindle in a tool change position is. For the design of the leadership Different variants are possible. Such an arrangement offers the particular advantage that the tool magazine disc in a waiting position outside the Processing room is moved and where it does not bother parked becomes. Alternatively it is natural possible, not to move the tool magazine disc, but the work spindles to bring to the tool magazine disc. Also this kinematic Environment belongs to the invention. It is also envisaged that the linear movement for the execution in a relative movement for the replacement or replacement of the processing tools used becomes. In particular, the splitting of the different axes of motion in different elements saves effort, as an orthogonal movement of elements, for example the cross table for work spindles, according to is expensive.

constructive is provided that a carriage on the lead moves and the tool magazine disc is seated on the carriage. In a Another embodiment of the invention, it is possible that several Tool magazine discs are similar in a common leadership movable. For example, a carriage bar is provided, which can be moved on the guide and the carriage bar is two or more tool magazine discs wearing. Such an arrangement can be used, for example, if both Tool magazine discs are to be introduced simultaneously for the Ein- / Auswechselprozeß. The drive effort is halved.

In addition to this dependent movement of the tool magazine discs is provided according to the invention in an alternative that several tool magazine discs are movable independently. For this purpose, appropriate own drives and guides or guide elements such as slides are then provided. It should also be noted that both a similar and independent movement of the spindles ge in the same way to the invention Listen.

Furthermore, in addition to a parallel leadership of several tool magazine discs according to the invention also provided that each of several tool magazine discs each have their own guide and the respective directions of movement at an angle, in particular a blunt or acute angle, with each other, as for example in 6 or 8th is indicated. Such a design results in that the tool magazine discs for the change process can be brought close to each other and so serve closely spaced spindles, but then far away from each other for the waiting position and are easily accessible, for example, for maintenance of the tools by the operator. However, the oblique arrangement of these different guides also has advantages in a replacement and replacement of the tools themselves, as will be described below, especially when the distance between the spindles with respect to the diameter of the tool magazine disc is small. Also, a solution in which the tool magazine discs diametrically diverge, ie at an angle of 180 °, be it in a vertical, horizontal or oblique direction, belongs to the invention.

In a preferred variant of the invention it is provided that the tool magazine disc ring-like is formed and has a rotary drive. conveniently, In this case, the rotary drive is inserted into the opening of the ring and as possible balanced drive realized. Alternatively, it is possible the Tool magazine disc as actual plate-like continuous disc to realize and the drive to arrange on the axis forming the rotation axis.

To the invention it is possible the rotary drive for to design each tool magazine disc individually, which makes it possible to position several tool magazine discs independently of each other. Alternatively, it is also possible to couple these rotary drives mutatis mutandis to thereby optimize the rotation drive.

In A variant of the invention is provided that the tool magazine disc is designed as a polygon. According to this Variant of the invention it becomes clear that with the formulation of a Tool magazine disc not expressly a circular design is provided, but this disc also quite as polygonal is trained. Such a configuration offers advantages in the Production. A large Advantage according to the invention is that the tool tongs on a circle concentric around the Rotation axis are arranged. By such an arrangement is achieved a high density of tools on the tool magazine disc. The individual tool tongs are to be arranged side by side to save space, and all tool tongs are ideally at the same Positioning the tool magazine disc on the same one at a time Place when the machining tool is to be changed.

In a preferred variant of the invention, it is provided that in the tool change position, the spindle axis of the work spindle and the rotation axis form a straight line parallel to the linear movement. In this preferred case of the invention, the linear movement of the tool magazine disc serves as a movement to receive the machining tool either from the tool tongs or store in this. Such an arrangement is particularly clever when the guide of the tool magazine disc is inclined, such as in 6 indicated. The arrangement is made such that - although relatively large tool magazine discs are used - the movement of the tool magazine disc can be used directly to receive the machining tool or store.

Alternatively, it is provided that in the tool change position, the connecting line of the spindle axis of the working spindle and the axis of rotation with the linear movement forms an acute angle. In this proposal deviating from the previously described case, it is even possible to remove the tool directly from the tool pliers or place it in it. This is facilitated by an adapted configuration of the tool pliers. Such an embodiment is for example in 8th shown, in which such a variant is particularly useful when two spindles to be loaded and unloaded simultaneously by a tool magazine disc.

In a further variant according to the invention, it is proposed that the relative movement results from a superposition of at least two movements, for example the tool magazine disc and / or the work spindle. According to the invention, it is not only intended to derive the relative movement, which serves for the replacement and replacement of the machining tool, only from a movement, for example, the tool magazine disc or the work spindle, but according to the invention, the superposition of two movements and the resulting alternative movement used. By a skilful superimposition of these two movements, a resultant is obtained which lies in the orthogonal field of the two individual movements. By choosing the respective speeds of the individual movements, the orientation of the resultant is a adjustable. In this case, even different movements of one and the same element, for example the tool magazine disc, can be superimposed in the sense of the invention.

In a special embodiment of the aforementioned proposal is in a further variant according to the invention provided that the relative movement of a superposition of linear motion the tool magazine disc and a spindle linear movement of the work spindle results. In such an embodiment, of course, a corresponding Mobility of the work spindle needed; this flexibility should be for example, parallel to the plane in which the tool magazine disc lies.

If but it is possible is to dispense with a separate motion or positioning drive for the spindle to be able to as is possible, for example, in arrangements in which the Workpiece moves will, so beats a further variant of the invention in that the relative movement from an overlay the linear movement of the tool magazine disc and a rotation the tool magazine disc results around its axis of rotation. The anyway available standing and needed Drives are used surprisingly cheap once again. Both the linear motion, the for the approaching the tool magazine disc is needed anyway, as well as the rotary drive, the for selecting and positioning the desired one Tool pliers with the desired Machining tool is provided, thus again, only and alone with correspondingly little programming effort with each other connected, used.

According to one Another variant of the invention provides that a plurality of work spindles a group of work spindles are combined and optionally are also stored in a common headstock. Especially it is provided that the work spindles in two spindle groups, split a first and a second group of work spindles are and these groups of work spindles either independently, dependent from each other or similar to each other are movable. According to the invention is it possible a central drive for to use both or all groups of work spindles. From this then results in each case dependent Movement of these two groups. You can of course, too in different directions, for example with With the help of an appropriate gearbox.

The But movement can also be similar, for example that the different working spindle groups on a common headstock are arranged and this headstock together centrally once is driven. Alternatively, it is also possible that the two groups of work spindles each have their own, autonomous drives have, through which the work spindles each independently can be controlled, moved and positioned in any way.

at Of course, it is clear from all the above variants that the work spindles or the headstock slidably formed and movable on a guide are. Naturally This principle mobility also allows positioning the work spindles for example for processing or during the Processing.

Also according to the invention suggested that a tool magazine disc one, two or more Spindles supplied with machining tools. According to the invention is thus intended that a tool magazine disc and a Group of work spindles supplies. Due to the performance of the invention, that is a high density of machining tools can be maintained it is now possible with the invention, just a larger number of machining spindles with only one tool magazine disc, for Example a tool magazine disc for a group of two or three or more work spindles to provide. This unit is then for example, in a machine tool according to the invention, provided symmetrically. The flexibility, but also the efficiency such a machine tool according to the invention, increases significantly, succeeding in doing so, the otherwise reluctant Properties efficiency and flexibility sent in the invention to couple with each other. The invention achieves a high cutting performance with a big one Number of different types of machining tools.

It has been doing well emerged that the tool tongs on the tool magazine disc are arranged on two or more circles. By such a Clever arrangement of these, usually concentric circles (concentric about the axis of rotation), the packing density of Tools or tool tongs even further increased.

Conveniently, it is proposed in a further variant of the invention that the tool tongs of a circle are assigned to a special work spindle. Of course, it is possible to arrange the machining spindles in the respective spindle group or in the headstock so that they are respectively arranged on the same circular line for the change process. But because of the multi-row arrangement of tool tongs, the number of available processing tools he can be increased, it is advantageous to choose the arrangement of the spindles accordingly, which then, for example, a horizontal arrangement of the machining spindles next to each other is possible. However, the invention allows any variant of this.

there In particular, it is also provided that the tool magazine disc in the area of an internal and / or external tool pliers an opening through which the machining tool is passed when it is loaded or unloaded into or out of the tool magazine disc. This opening is chosen larger than the recording of the pliers, and the machining tool is in the To move substantially parallel to the axis of rotation or spindle axis, But what, for example, by the provided anyway Pinolenantrieb the tool spindle in the Z direction or a separate Z axis for the tool magazine disc in a simple manner within the machine control feasible is.

of course is the arrangement of the tool tongs on the circumference of the tool magazine disc so selected that a free accessibility the machining tool is guaranteed in the pliers, if necessary are corresponding recesses or bulges or holes provided on the tool magazine disc.

One A further further advantage of the invention is in particular that that with the relative movement, the simultaneous change of the editing tools of two or more spindles is possible. It is according to the invention provided that at least one tool magazine disc at the same time the processing tools on several spindles changes. In addition to a high density of machining tools, a high variability due to a big one Number of machining tools, is used for the tool change by the simultaneous changes consumed little time.

cleverly It is envisaged that the relative movement in space between the tong axes the tool tongs is oriented, which with respect to the respective work spindle are in tool change position. The removal or insertion the machining tool in the tool tongs takes place, such as already mentioned, along a line that makes an acute angle with the linear motion However, the respective deviations are relevant for those involved, usually adjacent tool tongs equal. conveniently, is the bisector of the respective forceps axes spanned angle for Relative movement used.

In a further variant according to the invention, it is provided that the machine tool has only one tool magazine disc, which supplies at least two work spindles with machining tools. Such an embodiment is for example in 1 or 3 shown. In this case, the forceps axis forms an acute angle with the connecting line between the axis of rotation, the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool resting in the tool forceps. This acute angle is not disturbing, since in particular the tool tongs are certainly sufficiently formed in the rear area and so do not interfere with each other. Even with a correspondingly small angle α it remains possible according to the invention to provide a high number of machining tools.

In a further variant of the invention, it has been found that the diameter of the circle on which the tool tongs are arranged is large in relation to the distance of the spindle axes. This size ratio is preferably greater than 5. That is, the diameter is 5 times larger than the spindle axis distance. Thus, according to the invention, a relatively large tool magazine disc is proposed, which due to the considerable circumference additionally serves to accommodate a large number of machining tools. A favorable interval of this size ratio is between 6 to 12. A very good space utilization is achieved if the diameter is placed about 9 to 10 times in the spindle distance, because then the entire width of the machine tool can be optimally utilized. In addition to a large number of processing tools that can be provided here, the tilt of the individual tool tongs with respect to the line connecting the axis of rotation and tool axis is smaller. At this point is exemplified on 1 directed.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the connecting line of the tool axes of two processing tools, which are arranged in the respective tool tongs, and which are suitable that these are simultaneously exchangeable in the work spindles, is perpendicular to the tongs axis of the respective tool tongs. Due to the linear movement of the tool magazine disc, the removal or insertion process of the tool is thereby ideally made possible for a plurality of tool tongs. It also results in several ways to arrange the editing tools. For example, these may be arranged in a sequence as follows: ababcdcdefef, wherein the same letters each processing tools relate to different spindles, which are arranged on the tool magazine disc and are each simultaneously switched on and replaced. The presented embodiment allows it, the two spindles relatively close together, close to each other (see 1 ).

Alternatively, an arrangement such as abcdefgh abcdefgh is possible, wherein the mean distance between the respectively associated pairs of tools is significantly greater. This also results in a larger distance between the two spindle axes. Here is supplementary on 3 pointed.

The Arrangement is in accordance with the invention chosen so that the distance of the spindle axes is selected so that on the tool magazine disc between each for a tool change process available tool tongs one or more other tool tongs are arranged. hereby is related to the space available on the tool magazine disc on the existing spindles, optimally used.

In a further variant of the invention, it is provided that the machine tool has two tool magazine disks and a first tool magazine disk is provided for a first group of several work spindles and a second machine tool disk is provided for a second group of several work spindles and the tool tools are arranged on different circles on the tool magazine disks are and the pliers axis with the connecting line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the resting in the tool tongs machining tool includes an acute angle. This variant according to the invention is, for example, in 4 shown. This proposal realizes an arrangement of the tool tongs on the tool magazine discs in two or more circles. From this can in principle accommodate a larger number of tools. The particular advantages of this feature are referred to. Furthermore, in this embodiment also results that the connecting line of the tool tongs of two processing tools, which are arranged in the respective tool tongs and which are suitable that they are simultaneously exchangeable in the work spindles, is perpendicular to the forceps axes of the respective tool tongs. The design allows a very simple replacement, since the relative movement of the linear movement of the tool magazine disc can be derived.

Out The figure is good to see that the distance between the two headstocks less is, as the distance of the respective axes of rotation of the tool magazine discs. The slightly tilted arrangement of the collet axes allows, in one Linear movement of the two tool magazine discs the tools to a total of four relatively closely aligned spindles switch. The time advantage in the change process is significant.

It is cheap, that the spindle axis is oriented parallel to the axis of rotation. This will be relatively simple obtained geometric relationships. The same applies to Arrangement according to a Another variant of the invention, according to which the tool axis of the in the tool tongs held machining tool parallel to Rotation axis is.

In the embodiments still to be discussed it is shown that the tool magazine discs are arranged on the machine stand, which also carry the work spindles. Of course, another is another Design possible, namely, that these are in opposition, ie opposite stand are held. It can also be provided in a variant that the tool magazine discs under the spindles in a waiting position dive. However, it is advantageous if the tool magazine discs, as provided in a further variant according to the invention, via the Spindles are arranged, as a result of their accessibility is improved.

In In another aspect of the invention, it has been found that the density of processing tools in particular by an advantageous Increasing the configuration of the tool tongs.

Known Tool tongs are designed such that these at least one Semicircular curved attachment sickle, with the male Machining tool in the rotationally symmetrical shaft region cooperates and the tool pliers further a holding device for the Holding the machining tool. To the task according to the invention to solve, namely one possible high tool density in the tool magazines or magazine disks It is proposed that the end regions of the attachment sickle in terms of the back of the semicircle of the shaft. This only possible Loading and unloading corresponds to the same orientation the pliers axis in these known tool tongs.

Known plant anchors enclose in an angular range of 180 ° a receiving opening in which half of the shank region of the machining tool is immersed. This results in a single direction in which the tool tongs can be loaded or unloaded with the machining tools, namely at right angles to this diameter. To machine tools even in complicated work spindle arrangements Being able to offer would hinder such a design or make it necessary to rotate the known tool tongs by a large angle.

Stands but now according to this solution according to the invention End area of the attachment sickle back, This results in a variety of different directions, such as the tool tongs can be loaded and unloaded. Instead of a fixed one Direction, which coincides with the pliers axis, opens up a whole angular field, depending on each the configuration of the end portion of the Anlagelsichel, in which reliable tool tongs and can be unloaded.

there This proposal not only offers the advantage of compensation from different directions of relative movements. simultaneously this arrangement also allows for error compensation to make it on the exact guidance and positioning the editing tools here no longer arrives. The inventive arrangement therefore allows a little effort in this area, because the arrangement can compensate for manufacturing tolerances, without while the practicability to question.

In A preferred embodiment of the invention is intended that the holding device is designed as a holding sickle and the Holding sickle rests on the shaft. The holding device is in the Usually used when the machining tool in the tool tongs to hold. The holding device can be used as a mechanically acting Flap be formed, this then the design of a Holding sickle or it may be in another variant the invention, for example, as a magnetically acting arrangement or be formed with locking bolts and the like.

A preferred variant of the invention provides that at the end the holding sickle retaining lugs are provided in a on the machining tool engage provided recess holding. Such an arrangement is mechanically well controlled and connected with little effort.

Around the size variability is not limited in the orientation of the relative movement is it cheap, that the end portions of the retaining sickle with respect to the semicircle of the shaft stand back. This proposal basically follows the same idea as the arrangement the attachment sickle. It is favorable that the recess on the machining tool a corresponding extent to still ensure that the retaining lug of the end also when standing back End of the retaining sickle reliably intervenes there.

It is further advantageous if the holding sickle around a folding axis Foldable, especially as a spring-assisted hinged holding sickle is trained. Such a design is mechanically very reliable and easy to produce.

In A further embodiment of the invention provides that at the Anlagesichel a particular flattened orientation pin is provided with an orientation notch of the machining tool interacts. The arrangement of an orientation pin in one Orientation notch serves as anti-twist protection to ensure that the machining tool is oriented correctly, in particular with respect to a Point or mirror symmetry, held by the tool pliers.

The Flattening the orientation pin contributes to the large field of possible Directions of relative movement bill and does not hinder them.

It is advantageous if the attachment sickle or the holding sickle one Angular range of 40 ° to 170 °, preferably 120 ° to 160 °, in particular from 135 ° to 145 °, covered. Depending on how this angle range at which the machining tool is applied to the attachment sickle, is designed, ultimately determined the angle range under which the machining tool is placed in the Tool tongs can be loaded or unloaded. Conveniently, it is a sought symmetrical design, which is the backward the respective end regions equally distributed and per page between 5 ° and 70 ° can. Good results were obtained at an angle of about 10 ° to 30 °, in particular at about 20 °, achieved, as here on the one hand a good mounting option feasible and on the other hand a high variability for the direction is available for loading and unloading the tool tongs. As stated, owns too the holding sickle in a variant a meaningful design, this being does not necessarily have to follow the design of the Anlagesichel, but alternatively is to be considered. In particular, it is possible a hinged holding sickle to be designed in such a way that it deviates from the design of the installation sickle, but this does not bother because the holding sickle is folded away during the loading and unloading process.

For the design the end portions of the retaining sickle are provided different variants. The End areas can for example, abruptly or as in another variant of the invention executed tangent to the tool axis held in the tool tongs Phasing out machining tool. In such an embodiment would this Tangent to a certain area leading the introduction or execution of the Support the machining tool in the tool tongs.

In belongs to this context It is also the invention that, of course this tangent up over the Semicircle also executable is. But since this tangentially protruding area is no longer with the shank of the machining tool merges, if this of the pliers is held, this solution is equally described with the arrangement where the investment area the attachment sickle is behind and therefore no investment opportunity offers more.

The Invention is shown schematically in the drawing.

It demonstrate

1 to 8th each front views of different variants of the machine tool according to the invention,

9 a plan view of a tool tongs according to the invention.

In 1 is a first variant of the machine tool according to the invention 1 shown. The machine tool 1 is formed by a machine bed 10 , at the top of the machine stand 11 extends. On the machine bed 10 rest the work spindles 2 , In the embodiment shown here, two work spindles, a first work spindle 21 and a second spindle 22 indicated. The two spindles 21 . 22 are in a headstock 23 embedded and through the sledges 24 on the guideway 25 displaceable in X-direction.

With 20 is the spindle axis of the work spindle 2 characterized.

In the embodiment shown here is a tool magazine disc 3 provided, over the work spindle 2 is arranged.

It is advantageous that the tool magazine disc 3 along the drawn Y-axis, here vertically displaceable, is formed. Thus, a correspondingly expensive cross slide guide can be saved in the work spindle. To achieve the Y-movement of the tool magazine disc, a guide is provided, and the tool magazine disc 3 is able to be moved and positioned accordingly. It follows that the tool magazine disc 3 over the spindles 2 is arranged and the relative movement for the replacement and replacement of the processing tools 5 derived from this linear motion.

On the tool magazine disc sitting a variety of here grouped as a pair of tool tongs 4 , These tool tongs 4 are substantially radial to the axis of rotation 30 the tool magazine disc 3 oriented. The pliers axis 40 the tool tongs 4 has a certain tilt angle α. This tilt angle α extends on the one hand between the tong axis 40 and on the other side to the connecting line between the axis of rotation 30 , the tool magazine disc 3 and the tool axis 50 in the tool tongs 4 resting machining tool.

It is always good to see the large number of tool tongs available for replacement. The arrangement is made such that the connecting line 33 the tool axes of two machining tools, in the respective tool tongs 4 ' and 4 '' are arranged, at right angles to the respective forceps axes of the respective tool tongs 4 ' . 4 '' are. In this case, the arrangement is the pliers axis 40 parallel to the direction of movement Y of the tool magazine disc. It is also good to see that the distance of the tool axes in the involved tool tongs 4 ' . 4 '' just the distance between the spindle axes 20 . 20 ' equivalent.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the angle α between the pliers axis and the connecting line rotation axis 30 - Tool axis 50 pointed, in particular in an interval of 0.1 ° to 35 °, preferably in the interval of 5 ° to 35 °. For example, show 1 . 3 . 4 different variants, how this acute angle is realized. In all cases, it is possible to have a large number of tool tongs on the tool magazine disc 3 to arrange.

In 2 It is shown that a tool magazine disc 3 with radially arranged tool tongs 4 , like these then, for example, in 5 is used, even in a very simple machine can be used, namely as a tool supply for only one spindle. In this case, this tool supply is formed only by this a tool magazine disc.

In contrast to the embodiment in 1 is in 3 the tilt angle α larger and different. This is due to the fact that in the in 3 shown variant of the invention with a tool magazine disc two spindles 2 . 2 ' be provided with a greater distance.

Again, the two spindles 2 . 2 ' on a common sledge 24 traversable. But because the distance between the two spindles 2 . 2 ' is significantly larger, it is possible to have a larger number of other processing tools between the parallel oriented tool tongs 4 ' . 4 '' to arrange. Ultimately, the tool magazine disc 3 to position as they are now in 3 is shown, namely, the respective selected pair of tools is to be positioned exactly above the respective spindles, in order then after lowering the machining disk 3 along the direction Y by a relative movement the tool on or replace.

There the construction of various machine tools according to the in The variants shown in the various figures essentially always the same is followed by a repetition of each same components omitted. Rather, the main differences worked out.

In 4 a further variant of the invention is shown. In the embodiment shown here are two spindles twice 2 intended. The machine is essentially symmetrical. The four spindles (also referred to as a four-spindle machine) are in two spindle groups of two work spindles 2 summarized.

The four spindles or the two spindle groups, each with two spindles, are located on a common carriage 24 and are in turn movable in the X direction.

In this embodiment, it is provided that two tool magazine discs 3 are provided. The left is with 35 the right tool magazine disc with the reference numeral 36 characterized. The left spindle group is the tool magazine disc 35 , the right of the tool magazine disc 36 assigned.

The two tool magazine discs 35 . 36 are vertically displaceable by means of one or two guides. This will make the tool magazine discs 35 . 36 against the work spindles 2 hired. In this case, a total of up to 4 Tools switched on or replaced.

To achieve this, the respective pair of tool tongs are cooperating 4 . 4 ' , similar to the solution after 3 , oriented parallel to each other.

Because two work spindles 2 at the same time are to be provided with tools, are ultimately the tool tongs 4 in two different circles 37 . 38 , The circles 37 . 38 are concentric around the axis of rotation 30 arranged. The arrangement is chosen so that the outer circle 37 the tool tongs 4 holds that for the spindle 2a are determined, which is a greater distance from the axis of rotation 30 has as the adjacent spindle 2 B , The spindle 2 B is made by the tool tongs of the inner circle 38 supplied with machining tools. In principle, this arrangement can of course also be extended to arrangements in which, instead of two spindles per spindle group, three, four or even more spindles are provided.

Was in the 1 to 4 the relative movement R parallel to the linear movement Y of the respective disc magazine, the conditions in the variant according to 5 different.

In the in 5 example shown are two tool magazine discs 3 provided, wherein these are shown in two different positions, wherein the located in the waiting position arrangement with 3 ' is marked and the position at which the tool magazine disc is in the lower tool change position with 3 , Around the tool magazine disc 3 To position, is the tool magazine disc 3 ever on a guided tour 32 , The tool magazine discs can be positioned together or independently of each other. In the example shown here is a tool magazine disc 3 only one work spindle each 2 assigned. Therefore, all necessary tools or tool pliers are on a concentric circle.

Contrary to the example according to the embodiment 2 in which the axis of rotation 30 the tool axis 40 and the spindle axis 20 form a straight line that is vertical and is also parallel to the linear movement of the tool magazine disc, there is an angle between these two orientations. In other words, the relative movement R is not parallel with the linear motion Y, with their help before in the variants 1 to 4 the relative movement R was derived.

This is due to the fact that the spindles 2 no longer below the axis of rotation 30 are positioned, but in each case towards the machine interior.

In a variant according to the invention, however, it is now proposed that the relative movement consist of a superposition of at least two movements, for example the tool magazine disc 3 and the work spindle 2 results. In the embodiment shown here sit the spindles 2 each on their own sled 24 . 24 ' and are on the guideway 25 movable in the X direction. For this purpose, the linear movement Y of the tool magazine disc runs at right angles 3 , With skillful superposition of these two movements results in a Rela tivbewegung R as indicated. That is, the pliers axis 40 is in turn parallel to this relative movement R, although no component of motion parallel to the relative movement R is offered. This makes it possible, in a simple manner and in particular under double use of existing elements, spindles 2 to position closely and still a large number of editing tools 5 in the respective tool magazine discs available.

Similar to in 5 also shows 6 an arrangement in which two tool magazine discs 3 (shown again in two positions) only two work spindles 2 supply with tools. Here, however, the linear movement Y is again parallel to the relative movement R. However, this results in a V-like design of the guideways or the respective linear movements Y and Y 'of the left and right tool magazine disc 3 , These intersect at an acute angle β. A superimposition of the movements is not necessary, hence the spindles 2 again on a common sledge 24 arranged.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the work spindles 2 are arranged in the processing space of the machine tool and a tool magazine door 6 is provided, which is openable for the tool change process to the tool magazine disc or discs in the range of the work spindle / n 2 bring to. These are two variants in 5 respectively 6 shown. In 5 it is shown that the tool magazine door 6 hanging, especially on the machine stand 11 slidably arranged. The guide rail is used for this purpose 60 , In 6 however, the other variant is shown in which the tool magazine door portal-like, on the machine table 10 is formed supporting. These are on the machine table 10 optionally guide rails 61 intended. The design of the tool magazine door 6 in 5 is trough-like, the in 6 portal-like, spanning the spindles.

Around the tool magazine doors 6 not too large and thus too unwieldy to make, is provided in a further variant of the invention that the tool magazine door 6 telescopically consists of a plurality of door elements, which in turn are designed to be suspended or supporting movable.

In the 7 shown situation is with the in 5 already presented variant of the invention similar. Again, to avoid repetition, only the differences are worked out. Unlike the solution after 5 Here, two spindle groups à two spindles are provided, each with a tool magazine disc 3 be supplied with editing tools.

In the middle between the two tool magazine discs, a central linear drive is provided, which allows the linear movement in the Y direction (here vertical). For each spindle group is in turn a separate slide 24 . 24 ' intended.

It turns out now that the pliers axis 40 , which are radial to the axis of rotation 30 are oriented in the in 7 shown embodiment, is no longer parallel to the relative movement R. Rather, the relative movement R is oriented so that it is between two tong axes 40 . 40 ' for example, as an angle bisector. Ultimately, the tools are at the same time at the spindles under a certain false angle 2 a spindle group in the tool tongs 4 loading or unloading and care must be taken to this error angle, so the deviation of the orientation of the relative movement R with respect to the pliers axis 40 . 40 ' to compensate. For this purpose, a special design is used on the tool pliers 5 in particular at 9 to discuss.

Around from the orthogonal linear movements Y and the spindle movements X again to reach the relative movement R, the oblique runs, These two components of movement are skilfully superimposed. The still remaining error angle is due to the bisector as a direction of relative motion low and similar.

In a further variant according to the invention, it is proposed that the relative movement R be due to the superposition of the linear movement Y and a rotational movement of the tool magazine disc 3 to execute their rotation axis 30 to reach. As a result, based on the relevant points, namely the tool tongs concerned 40 . 40 ' , a motion component orthogonal to the linear motion Y, which can be skilfully combined to produce the obliquely oriented relative motion R. It will be appreciated that such an arrangement provides a relatively close spacing of either the individual spindles or the spindle groups on their independent slides 24 . 24 ' is possible. The intermediate space between the two tool magazine discs becomes clever 3 exploited. Ultimately, this results in a smaller overall width of the machine tools according to the invention.

Just like the arrangements of 7 and 5 are very similar, so is the arrangement of 6 and 8th relatively similar. at 8th Again, the linear movements Y, Y 'are the both tool magazine discs directed V-shaped towards each other. They cut each other below the respective tool magazine discs at the angle β. Again, there is between the connecting line of the spindle axis 20 the work spindle 2 and the rotation axis 30 a false angle σ. This error angle is compensated by the advantageous embodiment of the tool tongs. As in 6 is also in 8th the relative movement R derived from the linear motion Y.

In 9 is also shown to the invention independently counting tool tongs. The tool pliers 4 has a curved attachment sickle 41 that with the editing tool to be included 5 in its rotationally symmetrical shaft region 52 interacts. The tool pliers 4 further includes a holding device that ensures that the machining tool does not fall out of the tool tongs. The holding device is in the embodiment shown here as holding sickle 43 educated. In the selected view the attachment sickle becomes 41 from the holding sickle 43 covered. Therefore, the attachment sickle 41 shown in dashed lines.

In order to achieve that the replacement and replacement of the tools, in particular in the embodiments according to 7 and 8th easily done, must the angle between the relative movement R and the pliers axis 40 Be taken into account. In the known tool tongs, the tool in the tongs became parallel to the tool axis 40 loaded or removed. To compensate for this "error" is inventively proposed that the end portions 42 the locating sickle with respect to the semicircle of the shaft 52 stand back. This angular back is indicated by the reference number 46 indicated. He is in this embodiment about 20 °.

Furthermore, the invention provides that the holding device as a holding sickle 43 is formed and also the holding sickle 43 on the shaft 52 is applied.

The editing tool 5 has diametrically arranged recesses 51 , in the retaining lugs 47 at the end areas 44 the holding sickle 43 are provided, engage intervene.

Also the end areas 44 the holding sickle 43 stand with respect to the semicircle of the shaft 52 back. This residue corresponds to the same angular residue 46 as for the end area 42 the attachment sickle 41 , In addition, however, it is also provided in the invention that the end portions of the retaining sickle 43 tangential 47 to the tool axis 50 of the tool held in the tooling tool 5 expires. The orientation of this tangent 470 is in the illustration in 9 extended until this the pliers axis 40 cuts. With 45 is the one between the tangent 470 and the pliers axis 40 existing error angle 45 characterized. Until under this angle 45 can be easily introduced or removed by the tool according to the invention tooling tools. The use of these tool tongs in the arrangements according to 7 and 8th Therefore, it is possible to compensate for the error angles resulting therefrom and to achieve a safe, effective and rapid change of the machining tools on the machine tools according to the invention.

The holding sickle 43 is hinged around the folding axis 49 educated.

The here realized Fehlwinkelfeld 45 is for example about 25 °. Note the symmetrical design so the actual field is ± 25 °. Depending on the design of the angulated residue 46 Of course this is the wrong angle 45 adjustable.

To the arbitrary insertion of the machining tool 5 into the tool tongs 4 not to hinder by the well-known orientation pins, is the orientation pin 48 flattened and thus engages in the orientation notch 53 of the machining tool 5 one.

So far a spindle has been described, this is equivalent to a work spindle.

The now with the registration and later submitted claims are attempts to formulate without prejudice to the achievement of further protection.

Should closer here Exam, especially the relevant State of the art, revealed that one or the other feature for the Although the aim of the invention is favorable, but not crucial, so it goes without saying now seeking a formulation that has such a feature, in particular in the main claim, no longer has.

The in the dependent claims cited The antecedents point to the further development of the subject of the main claim through the features of the respective subclaim. However, they are not as a waiver of the achievement of an independent, subject Protection for to understand the features of the dependent claims.

Features that have so far been disclosed only in the description may be in the course of the process as of essential importance to the invention, for example to delineate the prior art be be claimed.

Characteristics, which were disclosed only in the description, or even individual features from claims, which include a plurality of features, at any time for delimitation are taken over from the prior art in the first claim, namely even if such features are related to other characteristics were mentioned or in connection with other characteristics in particular favorable Achieve results.

Claims (56)

Machine tool having at least two work spindles, each carrying and driving a replaceable machining tool, and at least one, about a rotational axis rotating tool magazine disc, which tool tongs for holding processing tools, wherein a relative movement between the tool magazine disc and work spindle for switching on and replacing of machining tools the work spindle is provided, characterized in that the pliers axis ( 40 ) of the tool tongs ( 4 ) on the respective tool magazine disc ( 3 ) is arranged radially or the forceps axis ( 40 ) with the connecting line between the axis of rotation ( 30 ) of the tool magazine disc ( 4 ) and the tool axis ( 50 ) of the tool tongs ( 4 ) stationary machining tool ( 5 ) includes an acute angle α. Machine tool with only one work spindle, which carries and drives a replaceable machining tool, as well as a Tool stock, which tool tongs for holding machining tools having a relative movement between the tool magazine and Work spindle for the replacement or replacement of machining tools on the work spindle is provided, characterized in that the tool stock is divided into at least two sub-magazines. Machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the partial magazine as about a rotation axis ( 30 ) rotating tool magazine disc ( 3 ) is trained Machine tool according to one or both of the preceding claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the work spindle such is designed to be movable to approach the respective sub-magazines. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the partial magazines movable and be brought to the work spindle, especially for a Tool change can be brought, trained. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the partial magazines above the work spindle are arranged. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tongs axis of the tool tongs is arranged radially on the respective tool magazine disc or the pliers axis with the connecting line between the axis of rotation the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the tool tongs resting machining tool includes an acute angle α. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine tool has two tool magazine discs ( 3 ), which are close to each other at least in the tool change position. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two axes of rotation ( 30 ) of the two tool magazine discs ( 3 ) are oriented in parallel and / or the two tool magazine discs ( 3 ) lie in one plane. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first tool magazine disc ( 3 ) of the first work spindle ( 2 ) or a first group of work spindles ( 2 ) and the second tool magazine disc ( 3 ) of the second work spindle ( 2 ) or a second group of work spindles ( 2 ) assigned. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the tool magazine discs ( 3 ) a guided tour ( 32 ) is provided, along which the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) in a linear movement (Y) linearly movable and to the work spindle ( 2 ) Can be brought into a tool change position. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of tool magazine discs ( 3 ) in a joint leadership ( 32 ) are similar movable. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of tool magazine discs ( 3 ) are independently movable are. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of a plurality of tool magazine discs ( 3 ) each have their own leadership ( 32 ) and the respective directions of movement include an angle β, in particular a blunt or acute angle β with each other. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) is annular and has a rotary drive. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) is designed as a polygon. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool tongs ( 4 ) on a circle concentric about the axis of rotation ( 30 ) are arranged. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the tool change position, the spindle axis ( 20 ) of the work spindle ( 2 ) and the axis of rotation ( 30 ) form a line parallel to the linear motion. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the tool change position, the connecting line of the spindle axis ( 20 ) of the work spindle ( 2 ) and the axis of rotation ( 30 ) forms an acute angle σ with the linear movement. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative movement (R) from a superposition of at least two movements, for example the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) and / or the work spindle ( 2 ) results. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative movement (R) from a superposition of the linear movement (Y) of the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) and a spindle linear motion (X) of the work spindle ( 2 ) results. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative movement (R) from a superposition of the linear movement of the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) and a rotation of the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) about its axis of rotation ( 30 ) results. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more working spindles ( 2 ) are stored in a headstock. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first work spindle ( 2 ) or the first group of work spindles in a first headstock and the second work spindle ( 2 ) or the second group of work spindles is / are mounted in a second headstock. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the work spindle ( 2 ) or the group of work spindles along a guideway ( 24 ) in a spindle linear movement (X), in particular by means of the headstock, is movable or positionable / are. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first work spindle ( 2 ) or the first group of work spindles is independent, dependent or similar to the second work spindle or the second group of work spindles is movable. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tool magazine disc ( 3 ) one, two or more work spindles supplied with editing tools. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool tongs ( 4 ) on the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) on two or more circles ( 37 . 38 ) are arranged. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool tongs ( 4 ) of a circle of a special work spindle ( 2 ) assigned. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the relative movement, the simultaneous change of the processing tools ( 5 ) of two or more spindles ( 2 ) is possible. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative movement (R) in Space between the tong axes ( 40 ) of the tool tongs ( 4 ), which are in the tool change position with respect to the respective work spindle. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the work spindles ( 2 ) are arranged in the processing space of the machine and a tool magazine door ( 6 ) is provided, which is openable for the tool change process to the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) in the area of the work spindle ( 2 ) bring to. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine door ( 6 ), in particular on a machine stand ( 11 ) is displaceable, is arranged. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine door ( 6 ) Portalartig, in particular on a machine table supporting, is formed. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine door ( 6 ) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation ( 30 ) to open or to close is movable. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine door ( 6 ) telescopically, consists of several door elements. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine tool only a tool magazine disc ( 3 ), which supplies at least two work spindles with processing tools. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the circle on which the tool tongs ( 4 ) is large, compared to the distance of the spindle axes ( 2 ). Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting line of the tool axes ( 50 ) of two processing tools ( 5 ), in the respective tool tongs ( 4 ) are arranged and which are suitable that these are simultaneously einwechselbar in the work spindles, perpendicular to the pliers axis ( 40 ) of the respective tool pliers ( 4 ). Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance of the spindle axes ( 20 ) is selected so that on the tool magazine disc ( 3 ) between the respective tool tongs available for a tool change process ( 4 ) one or more other tool tongs ( 4 ) are arranged. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the acute angle α in an interval of 0.1 ° to 35 °, preferably between 5 ° and 35 °. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine tool has two tool magazine discs ( 3 ) and a first tool magazine disc is provided for a first group of a plurality of work spindles and a second tool magazine disc is provided for a second group of multiple work spindles and the tool tongs are arranged on the tool magazine discs on different circles and the tongs axis with the connecting line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the stationary in the tool tongs machining tool includes an acute angle α. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spindle axis ( 20 ) parallel to the axis of rotation ( 30 ) is oriented. Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool axis ( 50 ) of the tool tongs ( 4 ) ( 5 ) parallel to the axis of rotation ( 30 ). Machine tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine discs ( 3 ) above the spindles ( 2 ) are arranged. Tool pliers, in particular for tool magazine discs in machine tools, according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the tool pliers has at least one bent plant sickle, which cooperates with the male machining tool in the rotationally symmetrical shaft portion and the tool pliers further a holding device for holding the machining tool in the Tool tongs, characterized in that the end regions ( 42 ) of the attachment sickle ( 41 ) with respect to the semicircle of the shaft. Tool pliers according to claim 46, characterized in that the holding device as a holding sickle ( 43 ) is formed and the retaining sickle ( 43 ) on the shaft ( 52 ) is present. Tool pliers according to one or both of the preceding claims 46 and 47, characterized in that at the end regions ( 44 ) of the holding sickle ( 43 ) Retaining lugs ( 47 ) provided in the machining tool ( 5 ) provided recesses ( 51 ) intervene. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 48, characterized in that the end regions ( 44 ) of the holding sickle ( 43 ) with respect to the semicircle of the shaft ( 52 ) stand behind. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 49, characterized in that the holding sickle ( 43 ) about a folding axis ( 49 ) hinged, in particular spring-assisted hinged is formed. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 50, characterized in that the folding axis ( 49 ) at right angles to the forceps axis ( 40 ) is oriented. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 51, characterized in that on the planting sickle ( 41 ) a particular flattened orientation pin ( 48 ) provided with an orientation notch ( 53 ) of the machining tool ( 5 ) cooperates. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 52, characterized in that the locating sickle ( 41 ) or the holding sickle ( 43 ) covering an angular range of 40 ° to 170 °, preferably from 120 ° to 160 °, in particular from 135 ° to 145 °. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 53, characterized in that the end regions of the locating sickle ( 41 ) or the holding sickle ( 43 ) or the locating sickle or the retaining sickle symmetrical to the forceps axis ( 40 ) are formed. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 54, characterized in that the end regions ( 44 ) of the holding sickle ( 43 ) tangential ( 470 ) to the tool axis ( 50 ) of a tool held in the tool tongs ( 5 ) expires. Tool pliers according to one or more of the preceding claims 46 to 55, characterized in that a machining tool ( 5 ) at an angular interval of a false angle ( 45 ) of up to 40 °, preferably 25 ° in the tool tongs ( 4 ) is retractable or retractable.