DE10157350A1 - Production of controlled release plant treatment composition, comprises kneading water-absorbing polymer containing absorbed water with active agent, e.g. fungicide or insecticide - Google Patents

Abstract

Production of an active agent composition (A) comprising an active component (I), a water-absorbing polymer (II), water in an amount of 1-100000% based on (II) and optionally auxiliaries and/or additives, comprises: (a) contacting the components by kneading when (II) has absorbed at least 0.01 g/g of water; and (b) optionally drying and comminuting the product. Independent claims are also included for: (1) compositions (A) obtained by the process; (2) a method of protecting plants, promoting plant growth or combating harmful organisms in aquatic systems using (A).

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a Drug composition, this drug composition available after this method, a method of protecting plants, a method of Control of pest organisms as well as the use of previously mentioned active ingredient composition.

EP 0 701 587 B1 describes the preparation of an active ingredient composition which contains an absorbent polymer and an active ingredient, by common Swelling. This process is very time-consuming and therefore only on an industrial scale limited use.

EP 0 700 415 B1 discloses the preparation of an active ingredient composition by incorporating the active ingredient into a matrix at room temperature or in the Melt. This method is particularly useful for temperature sensitive Active substances disadvantageous.

In general, the object of the invention is that which is from the prior art to overcome the technical disadvantages.

In particular, an object of the invention is To provide compositions of matter that are as homogeneous as possible Have drug distribution within the drug composition.

Another object of the invention is to be as simple and simple as possible reliable process for the preparation of an active ingredient composition for To make available.

In addition, an object of the invention is Active ingredient compositions with the highest possible active ingredient concentration to provide.

The objects of the invention are achieved by a method for Production of an active ingredient composition comprising a water-absorbent polymer, water in an amount in a range of 1 % By weight up to 1000 times the amount of the water-absorbing polymer, preferably from 1% by weight to 100 times the amount of water-absorbing polymer, particularly preferably from 1 to 99% by weight, further preferably 5 to 95% by weight and furthermore preferably 9 to 90 Wt .-%, based on the water-absorbing polymer, an active ingredient and optionally auxiliaries and additives, the components being kneaded in Be brought in contact when the water absorbent polymer at least 0.01 g, preferably at least 0.05 and particularly preferably at least 0.1 g Water / g of the water-absorbing polymer, and so available product then optionally, preferably mandatory, is dried and crushed.

Furthermore, it is preferred in the method according to the invention that at least a part, preferably the main part, preferably at least 60 and especially preferably at least 80% by weight of the active ingredient, based on the Total amount of active ingredient used in the active ingredient composition is preferred before the water absorbent polymer at least 0.01 at least 0.05 and particularly preferably at least 0.1 g water / g des has absorbed water-absorbing polymer with which water-absorbing polymer is brought into contact.

In addition, it is preferred in the method according to the invention that at least a part, preferably the main part, preferably at least 60 and particularly preferably at least 80% by weight of the active ingredient, based on the Total amount of active ingredient used in the active ingredient composition is preferred after the water absorbent polymer is at least 0.01 at least 0.05 and particularly preferably at least 0.1 g water / g des has absorbed water-absorbing polymer with which water-absorbing polymer is brought into contact.

In addition, it is preferred in the method according to the invention that at least a part, preferably the main part, preferably at least 60 and especially preferably at least 80% by weight of the active ingredient, based on the total amount of the active ingredient which is used in the active ingredient composition, the Water was added before the water with the water absorbent Polymer is brought into contact.

Furthermore, it is preferred in the method according to the invention that the kneading by means of a kneading tool. In addition, it is preferred that the Kneading tool 1 to 24, preferably has two screws. Especially preferred kneading tools are twin-screw extruders.

In a preferred embodiment of the kneading tool, this comprises Conveying and optionally kneading elements, the metering of the individual Components are preferably carried out in the conveyor elements. In another, Particularly preferred embodiment of the kneading tool comprises this at least 1, preferably at least 2 arranged in a row Screw areas comprising a kneading element and one with the kneading element connected conveying element, the individual conveying elements being screw-like are formed and the thread of these screws is preferably a have different slopes, preferably with the conveying direction increases. Another preferred embodiment of the kneading tool comprises a conveyor element, but no kneading elements.

In addition, it is preferred in the method according to the invention that the Kneading tool has a head located at the end of the screw, so is designed and set up that the components of the head a pressure in Exposed range from 30 to 110 and particularly preferably from 40 to 85 bar can be. This is preferably achieved in that the head has a Has perforated disk, which preferably holes, which are preferably circular, with a diameter in the range from 0.1 to 100 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 10 mm and particularly preferably from 1 to 5 mm. It is further preferred that the temperature in the head area of the snail is higher than in the rest Area of the screw to provide improved abrasion resistance and a smooth Obtain surface of the extruded material.

According to another embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is preferred that a on the head of the kneading tool Crushing device for granulation or pelletizing connects. This Comminution device preferably consists of rotating knives or Wires that shred the product coming out of the head.

It is also preferred that in the method according to the invention the individual Components at a temperature of the components in the range of 4 to 150, preferably brought into contact from 30 to 80 ° C.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention the water-absorbing polymer of the snail is preferably at the beginning the snail, fed in front of the water.

The auxiliaries and additives are preferably after the water-absorbing Polymer, preferably after the water and particularly preferably after the water-absorbing polymer and the water of the snail when supplied the auxiliaries or additives are liquid. The auxiliaries and additives are preferably with the water-absorbing polymer, preferably before Water and particularly preferably before or with the water-absorbing Polymer and the water of the snail when the auxiliary or Additives are solid.

It is further preferred that the auxiliaries and additives in an amount in in a range from 0.001 to 70% by weight, preferably in a range from 0.01 to 50% by weight and particularly preferably in a range from 0.1 to 10% by weight, each based on the total weight of water and water-absorbing Polymer.

In addition, in the method according to the invention it is preferred that the auxiliary or additives an oil, poly oils, mineral substances, for example zeolites, Silica gel, concrete, kaolin, plaster or lime, or a non-water-swellable one Polymer, preferably a multiple sugar such as starch, or at least two of which include.

Preferably oils can be synthetic or vegetable, preferably vegetable Oils are used. Vegetable oils include safflower oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, Palm oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, olive oil, sunflower seed oil, their mixtures, Esters of the aforementioned oils, esters of synthetic oils, mixtures of these Esters or mixtures of the above oils and esters are preferred.

An active ingredient is preferably used in the process according to the invention used, which is a biologically active substance. Furthermore, it is preferred that a systemic agent is used. According to another The embodiment according to the invention becomes a non-systemic active ingredient used.

It is particularly preferred that in the method according to the invention Active ingredient is used, which is a plant protection product. As Plant protection products are particularly active ingredients that are considered Acarzide (AC), algicides (AL), attractants (AT), repillents (RE), bactericides (BA), fungicides (FU), herbicides (HB), insecticides (IN), molluscicides (MO), Nematicides (NE), Rodenticides (RO), Savener (SA), Sterilants (ST), Synergies (SY), viricides (VI), growth regulators (PG) or in Combination can be used. These include active ingredients for use HB, FU, IN, NE preferred and FU, IN particularly preferred.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the Active ingredient composition at least two or at least three or at least four or at least five, preferably differently acting, Active ingredients used.

A procedure in which a single active ingredient from the list below of active ingredients is used, each represents an inventive Embodiment.

Below are some preferred classes of active ingredients, individual Active substance compounds or organisms as active substances together with their Use or their uses indicated:

Abamectine AC, IN; AC 92553, HB; Acephate IN; AC 382042 FU; Aceqinocyl AC; Acetamiprid IN; Acetochlor HB; N-Acetylthiazolidin-4-carboxylic acids; Acetoprole AC; Acilflorfen-Na HB; Acibenzolar-S-methyl FU, RI; Acifluorfen HB; Aclonifen HB; Acridinic bases RE; Acrinathrin IN, AC; Alachlor HB; alanycarbe IN; Aldicarb AC, NE, IN; Aldimorph FU; Alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride HB; Alkyldimethylethylbenzylammonium chloride HB; Alkyltrimethylammonium chloride BA, FU; Alkyltrimethylbenzylammonium chloride HB; allidochlor, HB; Alloxydim HB; Allyl alcohol HB; Alphacypermethrin (= α-cypermethrin); Alphamethrin (= α-cypermethrin) IN; Aluminum ammonium sulfate RE; Aluminum phosphide IN, RO; Aluminum sulphate MO, PG; Ametryn HB; Amicarbazone HB; Amidosulfuron HB; Amino acids PG, RI; 2-aminobutane FU; DL-3- Aminobutyric acid (3-ABS) RI, Amitraz AC, IN; Amitroles (= aminotriazoles) HB; Ammonium carbonates FU; Ammonium hydroxide FU; Ammonium sulphamate HB; Ammonium sulphate HB; Ammonium thiocyanate HB; Amosulfuron HB; Ampropylfos FU; Ancymidol PG; Andoprim FU; Anilazine FU; Anilofos HB; Anthracene oil IN, AC, HB, RO; Anthraquinone RE; Arachidonic acid RI, Arsenanhydrid; Asulam HB; Atrazine HB; Azaconazole IN, FU; Azadirachtin IN; Azafenidin FU, HB; Azamethiphos IN; Azinphos-methyl IN, AC; Aziprotryne HB; Azocyclotin AC; Azoxystrobin FU; Bacillus subtilis growing media RI, BAS SOOF; Barban HB; Barium fluosilicate IN; Barium nitrate RE; Barium polysulphide IN, FU; BAY MKH 6561 HB; Beflubutamide HB; Benfluamide HB; Benalaxyl FU; Benazolin (-ethyl) HB; Bendiocarb IN; Benefin HB; Benbiclon / benzobicyclon HB; Benfluralin HB; Benfuracarb IN, NE; Benfuresate HB; Benodanil FU; Benomyl FU; Bensulfuron (-methyl) HB; Bensulide HB; Bensultap IN; Bentaluron FU; Bentazone HB; Benzalkonium chloride HB; Benzamacril FU; Benzene- (1,2,3) thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH) RI, Benzothiadiazole RI, Benzoximate AC; Benzoylprop (ethyl) HB; benzthiazuron HB; 6-benzyladenine PG; Benzofenap HB; Benzofluor PG, HB; 2-benzyl-4- chlorophenol FU; Bialaphos HB, FU; Bifenazate AC, IN; Bifenox HB; bifenthrin IN, AC; Biloxazole FU; Binapacryl AC, FU; Bioallethrin IN; Bioresmethrin IN; Biphenyl FU; Bistrifluron 1N; Bitertanol 386 FU; Blasticidin-S FU; Bordeaux mixture = calcium copper sulphate FU; Boric acid IN; BPMC IN; Brandol FU; Brassinolide PG; Brodifacoum RO; Brofenprox = Halfenprox; Bromacil HB; Bromoadiolones RO, RE; Bromethalin RO, RE; Bromobutide HB; Bromocyclen AC, IN; Bromofenoxime HB; Bromophos IN; Bromophos-ethyl IN; Bromopropylate AC; Bromoxynil HB; Bromuconazole FU; Bronopol FU, BA; Buminafos PG, HB; Bupirimate FU; Buprofezin AC, IN; Burgundy mixture FU; Butachlor HB; Butam (= tebutam); Butenachlor HB, FU; Buthidiazo HB; Buthiobate FU; Butocarboxime 1N; Butoxycarboxime IN, AC; Butralin HB, PG; buturon HB; sec-butylamine FU, IN; Cadusafos IN, NE; Calciferol RO; Calcium carbide RE; Calcium cyanamide HB; Calcium chloride FU, PG; Calcium copper oxychloride FU; Calcium copper sulfate FU; Calcium cyanide (see cyanides) IN, RO; Calcium phosphate RO; Calcium phosphide RO; Caloxidim HB; Captan FU; Captafol FU; Carbaryl IN, PG; Carbatene (see Metiram); Carbendazim FU; Carbetamide HB; Carbofuran IN, NE, AC; Carbondioxides IN, RO; Carbon disulfide IN, NE; Carbophenothione IN, AC; Carbosulfan IN, NE; Carboxin FU; Cartap (hydrochloride) IN; Carpropamid FU; Carvone FU; Cetrimide HB; Quinomethionate AC, FU; Chlomethoxyfen HB; Chloral-semi-acylal HB; Chloralose RO; Chloramben HB; Chlorates HB; Chlorobenzthiazon FU; Chlorbromuron HB; Chlorobufam HB; Chloretazate PG; Chloroethoxyfos 1N; Chlorfenapyr AC, 1N; Chlorfenazole FU; Chlorfenprop (methyl) HB; Chlorofenson IN, AC; Chlorfena HB; Chlorfenvinphos AC, IN; Chlorfluazuron IN; Chlorflurenol (chlorflurecol) HB, PG; Chloridazon HB; Chlormephos 1N; Chlormequat (chloride) PG; chlorobenzilate AC; Chlorobufam HB; Chlorofenizon = chlorofenson; 4-chloro-3-methylphenol FU; Chloroneb FU; p-chloronitrobenzene IN; Chlorophacinon RO; Chlorophenprop-methyl HB; Chlorophylline FU, BA; Chloropicrin NE, IN, FU; Chloropropylate AC; Chlorothalonil FU; Chloroxuron HB; Chlorphonium chloride PG; Chlorpropham PG, HB; Chlorpyrifos IN, AC; Chlorpyrifos-methyl IN, AC; Chlorsulfuron HB; Chlorothal-dimethyl HB; Chlorothiamide HB; Chlorothiamidine 1N; Chlorothiophos IN; Chlortoluron HB; Chlozolinate FU; Cholecalciferol RO; Choline chloride RO; Chromafenozide IN; Cimetacarb ethyl (see trinexapac); Cimidon-ethyl HB; Cinmethylin HB; Cinidon-ethyl HB; Cinosulfuron HB; Cintofen PG; Citronellol IN, RE; Ciz-zeathin PG; Clefoxydim HB; Clethodim 508 HB; Clodinafop (-propargyl) HB; Clofencet PG; Clofentezine AC; Clomazone HB; Clomeprop HB; Clopoxydim HB; Clopyralid HB; Clozylacon FU; codlemone (see 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol) AT; Copper acetate FU; Kupferammoniumcarbonat FU; Copper-β-cyclodextrine hydroxide FU; Copper carbonate basic FU; Copper hydroxide BA, FU; Copper naphtenate FU, RE; Copper oxychloride FU; Copper salts of fatty and rosin acids FU; Copper sulfate AL, FU; copper sulphate tribasic AL, FU; Coumachlor RO; Coumafuryl RO; Coumaphen (see warfarin); Coumatetralyl RO; 4-CPA (4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) PG; p-cresyl acetate RE; Cresylic acid ST, FU; Crimidine RO; Cubiet FU; Cufraneb FU; cuprammonium FU; Cuprous oxide FU; Cyanamide PG, HB; Cyanazine HB; Cyanides IN, RO; Cycloate HB; Cycloxydim HB; Cycloheximide FU; Cycloprothrin IN; cycluron HB; Cyflufenamid FU; Cyfluthrin IN, AC; β-cyfluthrin IN; λ-cyhalothrin IN; Cyhexatin AC; Cymoxanil FU; Cyprazine HB; Cypermethrin IN, AC; α-cypermethrin IN; ξ-cypermethrin IN; Cyproconazole FU; Cyprodinil FU; cyprofuram FU; Cyromazine IN; Cysteine PG; 2,4-D HB, PG; dadz (Zinc dimethylditiocarbamate) RE; Dalapon (sodium) HB; Daminozide PG; Daphneöl RE; Dazomet NE, FU, HB, IN, ST; 2,4-DB HB; DCPA HB; D-D NE, FU, IN; Debacarb FU; 1-decanol PG; 5-decen-1-ol AT; 5-decen-1-ylacetate AT; Decanoncsäure; DEH 112 FU, HB; Deltamethrin 1N; Demetone-S-methyl IN, AC; Demeton-S-methyl sulphone IN; Denathonium benzoate RE; Desmedipham HB; Desmetryn HB; Diafenthiuron IN, AC; Dialifos IN, AC; Di-allate HB; Diamonium phosphate AC; Diazinon IN, AC; Dicamba HB; Dichlobenil HB; Dichlofenthion NE, IN; Dichlofluanid FU; Dichlone FU; Dichloran FU; p-dichlorobenzene RO; Dichlorobenzoic acid methyl ester FU; Dichlorophene AL, BA, HB, FU; 2,6- Dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA, DCINA) RI, 1,2-dichloropropane IN, FU, ST; 1,3- Dichloropropene NE, HB; 1,3-dichloropropene (cis) NE, HB; Dichlorprop HB; 2,2- Dichloro-3,3-dimethylcyclopropylcarboxylic acid RI, dichloroprop-P HB; Dichlorvos IN, AC; Diclobutrazole FU; Diclofop (methyl) HB; Diclocymet FU; Dicloran FU; Diclomezine FU; Dicofol AC; Dicrotophos IN, AC; Dicyclopentadienes RE, PG; Didecyldimethylammonium chloride FU; dienochlor AC, diethatyl (ethyl) HB; Diethion (see ethion); Diethofencarb FU; Difenacoum RO; Difenamide = diphenamide; Difenoconazole FU; Difenoxuron HB; Difenzoquate (methyl sulfate) HB, FU; Difethialon RO; Diflubenzuron IN; Diflufenican HB; Diflufenzopyr HB; Diflumetorim FU; Dimefluazole FU; Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate RI, dikegulac (sodium) PG; Dimefox AC, 1N; Dimefuron HB; Dimepiperate HB; Dimethyl-p-menthen PG; Dimethachlor HB; Dimethenamid HB; Dimethipin PG, HB; Dimethirimol FU; Dimethoate IN, AC; Dimethomorph FU; Dimeturon HB; 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal AT; 3,7- Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol AT; Dimexano HB; Dimoxystrobin FU; diniconazole FU; Dinitramine HB; Dinobuton AC, FU; Dinocap FU, AC; Dinosep acetate HB; Dinoterb HB; Dioctyldimethylammonium chloride FU, BA; Dioxacarb IN; 1,7- Dioxaspiro-5,5-undecan AT; Dioxathione AT; Dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine RI, Diphacinon RO; Diphenamide HB; DNOC IN, AC, HB; Diphenylamine FU, PG; 1,3-diphenylurea PG; Diquat (dibromide) HB; (Disodium) ethylene diamine tetra acetate and its salts HB; Dipyrithion BA, FU; Disodium octaborate HB; Disulfoton AC, IN; Ditalimfos FU; Dithianon FU; 2- (Dithiocyanomethylthio) - benzothiazole FU; Diuron HB; DNOC IN, AC, FU, HB; (9Z 4Z) -7,9-Dodecadien- 1-ol AT; (E) 7- (Z) 9-dodecadienyl acetate AT; (Z) -8-dodecenol AT; (Z) -5- Dodecen-1-ylacetate AT; (Z) -8-dodecenyl acetate AT; (E / Z) -8-dodecenyl acetate AT; (Z) -9-dodecenyl acetate 422 AT; (E) -10-dodecenyl acetate AT; trans-9-dodecyl acetate AT; Dodecyl alcohol AT; Dodemorph FU; Dodine FU; DPX IN, HB; Drazoxolon FU; Dymrone HB; Ebufos (see Cadusafos); Eglinazin-ethyl HB; Edifenphos FU; Emamectin benzoate IN; Endosulfan IN, AC; Endothal AL, PG, HB; 8-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis IN; Enilconazole (cf. Imazalil); Epocholeon PG; Epoxiconazole FU; 7,8-epoxy-2-methyl-octadecane AT; EPTC HB; Esfenvalerat IN; Esprocarb HB; Etacelasil PG; Etacazazole FU; ethaboxam FU; Ethalfluralin HB; Ethanethiol RO; Ethanol MO; Ethephon PG; Ethidimuron HB; Ethiozin HB; Ethiofencarb IN; Ethion IN, AC; Ethoxyfen HB; Ethirimol FU; Ethoate-methyl AC, IN; Ethofumesate HB; Ethoprophos NE, IN; Ethoxyquin FU, PG; Ethyl hexanoate FU, BA; Ethyl oleate PG; Etofenprox IN; Etoxazole AC, IN; Etridiazole FU; Etrimfos IN, AC; Eucalyptus oil RE; Farnesol AT, Famoxadone FU; Fatty acid esters IN, PG; Sodium salts of the fatty acids HB, FU, IN; Fatty alcohols PG; Fenapanil FU; Fenamidon FU; Fenaminosulf FU; fenamiphos NE; Fenarimol FU; Fenazaflor AC; Fenazaquin AC; Fenbuconazole FU; Fenbutatin oxide AC; Fenfuram FU; Fenhexamide FU; Fenitropan FU; fenitrothion IN, AC; Fenizon = Fenson; Fenoprop PG, HB; Fenothiocarb IN, AC; fenoxanil FU; Fenoxaprop (ethyl) HB; Fenoxaprop-P (ethyl) HB; Fenoxycarb IN; Fenpiclonil FU; Fenpropathrin IN, AC; Fenthiapropyl-ethyl HB; Fenpropidin FU; Fenpropimorph FU; Fenpyroximate AC; Fenridazone PG; Fenson AC; Fenthion 1N; Fenthiosulf IN; Fentin AL, MO, FU; Fentin acetate FU, AL, MO, HB; fentin hydroxide FU, AL, MO, HB; Fenuron HB; Fenvalerate IN, AC; Ferbam FU; Ferimzone FU; Fipronil IN; Flamprop (isopropyl) HB; Flamprop (methyl) HB; Flamprop-M (isopropyl) HB; Flazasulforon HB; Flocoumafen RO; flonicamid IN; Fluacrypyrim AC; Fluazifop (-butyl) HB; Fluazifop-P (-butyl) HB; fluazinam FU; Flubenzimine AC; Flucarbazone HB; Fluchloralin HB; Flucycloxuron IN, AC; Flucythrinate IN; Fludioxonyl FU; Flufenoxuron AC, 114; Flumequine BA; Flumetover FU; Flufenacet HB; Flufenerim IN, Flufenpyr HB; Flumethralin PG; Fluometuron HB; Flumioxazin HB; Flumipropyn HB; Flumicloralyl HB; Flumetsulam HB; Fluorobentranil HB; Fluoroacetamide RO; Fluorodifene HB; Fluoroglycofene (-ethyl) HB; Flupoxam HB; Fluproxyfen IN; fluquinconazole FU; Flurenol (flurecol) HB; Fluridone HB; Flurochloridone HB; Fluoroimide FU; Fluroxypyr HB; Flurprimidole PG; Flurtramon HB; Flusilazole FU; flusulfamide FU; Flutenzine IN; Flutolanil FU; Flutriafol FU; (Tau) fluvalinate AC, IN; Focus HB; Folic acid PG; Folpet FU; Fomesafen HB; Fonofos IN; Foramsulfuron HB; Formaldehyde FU, BA, ST; Formetanate IN, AC; Formic acid IN; Formothion IN, AC; Fosamine (ammonium) HB; Fosetyl (aluminum) FU; Fosthiazate NE, IN; Fosthietan IN, NE; Formamsulfuron HB; Fuberidazole FU; Furalaxyl FU; Furametpyr FU; Furacarbonil FU; Furathiocarb IN; Furconazole-cis FU; Furathiocarb IN; Furconazole FU; Furfural HB; Furmecyclox FU; furyloxyfen HB; Galacturonic acid RI, gallic acids and their derivatives RI, gamma Aminobutyric acid (GABA) RI, gelantin IN; Gentianic violet BA; Gibberellic acid PG; Gibberellin PG; Glucuronic acid RI, glufosinate (ammonium) HB; Glutaraldehyde FU, BA; Glutaraldehyde (see glutaraldehyde); glyphosate (including trimesium salt) HB; Glyphosate (trimesium) (cf. glyphosate); Guazatin FU, RE; Halfenprox AC; Halofenozide IN; Haloxyfop HB; Haloxyfop-R HB; Haloxyfop-P-methyl HB; Haloxyfopethoxyethyl HB; Halosulfone HB; harpin RI, hemimellitic acid RI, Heptenophos IN; HW 52 HB; Hexachlorobenzene FU; Hexachlorophene FU; Hexaconazole FU; cis-7, trans-11-hexadecadienyl acetate AT; (Z) -11-hexadecanol AT; Z-9-Hexadecenal AT; (7Z-11Z) -7,11-hexadiene-1-yl acetate AT; Hexaflumuron IN; Hexazinone HB; Hexythiazox AC, IN; Hydramethylnon IN; hydrolyzed proteins AT; m-hydroxybenzoic acid RI, p- Hydroxybenzoic acid RI, hydroxyisoxazole FU; Hydroxy MCPA PG; Hydroxyphenyl salicylamide FU; 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfates BA, FU; hymexazol FU; IKF-916 FU; ILIA 0051 HB; Imazalil FU; Imazamethabenz (methyl) HB; Imazapyr HB; Imazaquin HB, PG; Imazethabenz HB; Imazethapyr HB, PG; Imibenconazole FU; Imidacloprid IN; Iminoctadine FU; Indolylbutylic acid PG; Indolyl acetic acid PG; Indoxacarb IN; Iodocarb FU; Iodine furnace AC, IN; Iodosulfuron HB; Ioxynil HB; Ipconazole FU; Iprobefos FU; Iprovalicarb FU; Iprodione FU; Iron di-sodium EDTA HB; Iron-11 sulphate HB, MO; Ferric sulphate HB; Isazofos IN, NE, HB; Isocarbamide HB; Isofenphos IN; Isolan IN; Isoprocarb IN; Isopropalin HB; Isoprothiolane FU; Isoproturon HB; Isouron, HB; Isoval RO; Isovaledione FU; Isoxaben HB; Isoxathione IN; Isoxapyrifop HB; JC 940 HB; Jasmonic acid RI, carbutilate HB; Kasugamycin FU, BA; KH 218 HB; Kinoprene IN; Kitazin P FU; Kresoxim-methyl FU; KZ-165 FU; Lactic acid PG; Lactofen HB; Lambda cyhalothrin IN; Lauryldimethylbenzylammoniumbromid FU, BA; Lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride HB; Lecithin FU; Lenacil 163 HB; Lime phosphate PG; Limesulfur 17 FU, IN, AC; Lindane IN, RO; Linuron HB; Lufenuron AC, IN; Magnesium phosphide IN, RO; Malathion IN, AC; Maleic hydrazide PG; ManKupfer ("Man" for Mn) FU; Mancozeb FU; Maneb FU; MCPA HB; MCPA thioethyl HB, MO; MCPB HB; Mecarbam IN, AC; mecoprop HB; Mecoprop-P HB; MCPA HB; MCPB HB; Mefenacet HB; Mefenoxam FU; Meferimzone FU; Mefluidide PG, HB; Mefluoxafop HB, mepanipyrim FU; Mefluidide HB, PG; Mellitic acid RI, mephospholan IN; Mepronil FU; Merphos PG; Mesosulfuron HB; Metalaxyl FU; Metalaxyl-M FU; Metaldehyde MO; Metam (sodium) FU, IN, HB, NE; Metamifop HB, metamitron HB; Metazachlor HB; Metconazole FU; Methabenzthiazuron HB; Methacrifos AC, IN; Methamidophos IN, AC; Methasulfocarb PG, FU; Methazole HB; Metrifuroxam FU; Methidathione IN, AC; Methiocarb IN, AC, MO, RE; methomyl AC, IN; Methoprene IN; Methoprothryne HB; Methoxychlor IN; Methoxyfenozide IN; Methylarsonic acid (see MSMA); Methyl bromide FU, IN, NE, HB; Methylenebisthiocyanate FU; 7-methyl-3-methylene-7-octene-1-yl AT; Methylnaphthylacetamide PG; Methylnaphthyl acetic acid PG; Methyl trans-6- nonenoate AT; Methyl nonyl ketone RE; Methyl isothiocyanate FU, NE, HB, IN; Metiram FU; Metobromuron HB; Metolachlor HB; Metomeclam FU; Metominostrobin FU; Metometuron (see tribenuron); Metosulam HB; metoxuron HB; Metrafenone FU, metribuzin HB; Metsulfovax FU; Metsulfuron (methyl) HB; Mevinphos IN, AC; Milbemectin AC, IN; Molinate HB; Monalide HB; Monocarbamide dihydrogen sulfate PG, HB; Monocrotophos AC, IN; Monolinuron HB; Monuron HB; MSMA HB; MIT-466 IN; Myclobutanil FU; Myclozolin FU; Nabam FU, HB, AL; Naled IN, AC; Naphthalene RE; 1- Naphthylacetamide PG; 1-naphthyl acetic acid PG; Naphthylessigsäureethylester PG; Naphthylacetic acid hydrazide PG; 2-naphthyloxyacetamide PG, HB; 2 Naphthyloxyacetic acid PG; Napropamide HB; Naptalam HB; sodium (see Sodium thiocyanate); Neburon HB; Neoasozin FU; Nerolidol (see 3.7- Dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1-ol); Nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate BA, FU; nicobifen FU, Nicosulfuron HB; Nicotine IN; Nicotinic acid and its derivatives FU, IN, RI, Nipyraclofen HB; Nitenpyram IN; Nitraline HB; Nitrofen HB; Nitrofuorfen HB; Nitrothal (isopropyl) FU; NNF-9850 FU; trans-6-non-1-ol AT; Nonylphenol ether polyoxyethylene glycol PG; Nonylphenol ethoxylate FU; Norflurazon HB; Noruron HB; Novaluron IN; Noviflumuron IN, NSK 850 HB; Nuarimol FU; (Z, Z) octadienylacetate AT; (Z) -13-octadecanols AT; Octhilinone BA, FU; Octyldecyldimethylammonium chloride FU, BA; Ofurace FU; Omethoate IN, AC; Orbencarb HB; Organo mercury compounds FU; oryzalin HB; Oxadiazon HB; Oxadixyl FU; Oxamocarb FU; Oxasulirone HB, FU; Oxamyl AC, IN, NE; Oxine copper FU; Oxycarboxin FU; Oxydemeton-methyl IN, AC; Oxyfluorfen HB; Oxyquinoline FU; Oxytetracycline BA; paclobutrazol PG; Papaine RO; Paraffin oil HB, IN, AC; Paraformaldehyde IN; Paraquat HB; Parathion IN, AC; Parathion-methyl IN, RE; PCPA (see 4-CPA) Pebulate HB; Pefurazoate FU; Pelargonic acid HB, PG; Penconazole FU; Pencycuron FU; Pendimethalin HB; Penoxsulam HB; Pentachlorophenol IN, FU, HB; Pentanochlor HB; 4-t-pentylphenol BA; Pepper IN; Perfluidone HB; Permethrin IN; Petroleum oils FU, HB, IN, AC; Phenazine oxides FU; Phenamiphos (cf. Fenamiphos); Phenisopham HB; Phenmedipham HB; Phenols HB, ST; Phenothiol (see MCPA thioethyl); Phenothrin IN; Phenthoate AC, IN; 2-phenylphenol (including the sodium salts) FU; Pherodim AT; Phloroglucin RI, Phorate IN; Phosalones IN, AC; Phosametine HB; Phosdiphen FU; Phosmet AC, 1N; Phosphamidon IN, AC; Phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid RI, phoxime IN; Phthalide FU; Phycarin RI, Picloram HB; Picoxystrobin FU; Picolinafen HB; Piperophos HB; Piperalin FU; Pimaricin FU; Pirimicarb IN; Pirimiphos-ethyl IN; Pirimiphos-methyl AC, IN; Primisulforon HB; Vegetable oils IN, AC, OT, FU, PG; Polybutenes IN; Polyoxin FU; Polyram FU; Pyridalyl IN; Potassium chlorate (cf. Chlorate); Potassium permanganate FU, BA, MO; Potassium soap (see fatty acid salts of potassium); Potassium sorbate FU; Pretilachlor HB; Primisulfuron HB; Probenazole BA, FU; Prochloraz FU; Procyazin HB; Procymidone FU; Prodiamine HB; Profenofos AC, IN; Profluazole HB; Profluralin HB; Promecarb IN; Prometon HB; Prometryne HB; Pronamid HB; Pronumone AT; Propachlor HB; Propamocarb (- hydrochloride) FU; Propanil HB; Propham PG, HB; Propaphos IN; propaquizafop HB; Propargite AC, AT; Propazine HB; Propetamphos AC, IN; Propham HB, PG; Propiconazole FU; Propineb FU; Propionic acid FU, BA; Propoxur IN; Propyl-3-t- butylphenoxyacetate PG; Propyzamide HB; Pyrazolate HB; Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl HB; Polyphenols RI, prosulfocarb HB; Prothiocarb FU; Prothiofos IN; Prothoate IN, AC; Protocatechic acids RI, pymetrozine IN; Pyraclofos IN, AC; Pyraclonil HB; Pyraflufen-ethyl; HB; Pyranocumann RO; Pyrazone (cf. chloridazon); Pyrazolynate HB; Pyrazophos FU; Pyrazoxyfen HB; Pyracarbolide FU; pyrethrin AC, IN; Pyributicarb FU, HB; Pyridaben AC, IN; Pyridafenthion IN, Pyridalyl IN (formerly S 1812), AC; 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde-4-nitrophenylhydrazone RI, Pyriftalid HB; Pyridate HB; Pyrifenox FU; Pyrirnethanil FU; Pyrimidifene AC, IN; Pyriproxyfen IN; Pyrnachlor HB; Pyrogallol RI, pyroquilone FU; Pyroxyfur FU; Quinconazole FU; Quassia IN, RE; Quinalphos AC, IN; Quinclorac HB; Quinmeral HB; Quinoclamine HB, AL; Quinoxyfen FU; Quintozene FU; Quinmerac HB; Quinomethionate (cf. quinomethionate); Quintozene FU; Quizalofop HB; Quizalofop-P HB; Rabenzazole FU; Rapeseed oil (cf. vegetable oils); Renriduron (see Rimsuliron); Resmethrin IN; Reynutria extracts RI, RH-7281 FU; Rimilure-8L (see (Z, E) -11-tetradecadiene-lyl acetate); Resorcylic acids RI, Rimsulfuron HB; Rotenone AC, IN; Salicylic acid and its derivatives RI, Scilliroside RO; Seaweed extract PG; Sebacic acid RE; Sechumeton HB; seconal OT; Serricornin AT; Sethoxydim HB; Siduron HB; Silafluofen IN; silthiofam FU; Silver iodide RE; Silver nitrate PG, FU; Simazine HB; Simeconazole FU; Sodium p-t-amylphenate FU, BA; Sodium p-t-amylphenoxide FU; sodium arsenite FU, IN; Sodium o-benzyl-p-chlorophenoxide FU; Sodium chlorate (see chlorates); Sodium chloride HB; Sodium cyanide (cf. cyanides); Natriumdiacetoneketogulonat PG; Sodium dichlorophenate FU, BA; Sodium dimethylarsinate HB, RO; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate FU; Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate AC; Sodium fluorosilicate IN; Sodium hydrogen carbonate FU; Sodium hydroxide HB; Sodium hypochlorite BA; Sodium lauryl sulfate FU, BA; Sodium metabisulphite FU; Sodium monochloroacetate HB; Sodium o-nitrophenolate PG; Sodium bis-p- nitrophenolate PG; Sodium S-nitroguaiacolate PG; Sodium pentaborate PG; Sodium 2-phenylphenate (see 2-phenylphenol); Sodium propionate FU; Sodium silver thiosulphate HB; Sodium tetraborate IN, HB, MO; Sodium tetrathiocarbamate NE; Sodium tetrathiocarbonate NE, FU; Sodium thiocyanate HB; Sodium p-toluenesulfonchloramide BA; Soybean oil, epoxylated IN; Silthiofam FU; Spinosad IN; Spinosyn IN; Spirodiclofen AC; Spiroxamine FU; SSF-126 FU; SSF-129 FU; Streptomycine BA; Strychnine RO; Sulcotrione HB; Sulfentranzone HB; Sulfodiazole (see ethidimuron); sulfosate (see Glyphosate trimesium); Sulfotep IN, AC; Sulfur FU, AC, RE; Sulfuric acid HB; Sulprofos IN; 2,4,5-T HB; Tamagrowth (TS303) PG; Tarsic acid IN; Tar oils FU, IN, HB; 2,3,6-TBA HB; TCA HB; TCMTB FU; Tebuconazole FU; Tebufenozide IN; Tebufenpyrad AC; Tebupyrimiphos IN; Tebutam HB; Tebuthiuron HB; Tecloftalame BA, FU; Tecnazene FU, PG; Teflubenzuron IN; Tefluthrin IN; Temephos IN; Tepraloxydim HB; Terbacil HB; Terbucarb HB; Terbuchlor HB; Terbufos NE, IN; Terbumeton HB; Terbuthylazine HB; Terbutryn HB; Terrazole FU; Tefcyclasis FU; Tetrachlorvinphos AC, IN; Tetraconazole FU; (Z, E) -11-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate AT; (Z) -7-tetradecanols AT; (Z) -7- Tetradecenal AT; (Z) -9-tetradecenyl acetate AT; (E) -11-tetradecenyl acetate AT; Tetradifon AC, IN; Tetramethrin IN; Tetrasul AC; TH 913 HB; thallium sulphate RO; Thiabendazole FU; Thiacloprid IN; Thiamethoxam IN; Thiameturon see thifensulfuron; Thiazafluron HB; Thiazopyr HB; Thidiazuron PG; Thifensulfuron (methyl) HB; Thifluzamide FU; Thiobencarb HB; Thiocarb IN; Thiocyclam (hydrogen oxalate) IN; Thicyofen FU; Thiodicarb MO, IN; thiofanox AC, IN; Thiometone IN, AC; Thionazine NE; Thiophanate-ethyl FU; Thiophanate methyl FU; Thiourea RO; Thiram FU; Tiadinil FU; Tioxymid FU; tiocarbazil HB; Tolclofos-methyl FU; Tolylfluanid FU, AC; Tolylphthalam PG; tralkoxydim HB; Tralomethrin IN; Transfluthrin IN; Triadimefon FU; Triadimenol FU; 2,4,5 Triamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine RI, triapenthenol PG; Triasulfuron HB; Triazamate IN; Triazbutil FU; Triazofenamide HB; Triazophos NE, IN, AC; Triazoxide FU; Tribenuron (methyl) HB; S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate PG; Tributyl phosphorotrithioite (see Merphos); Tributyltin oxide FU; Tricalcium phosphate RO; Trichamid FU; Trichlorfon 1N; Trichloronate IN; Triclopyr HB; Tricosene IN; Tricyclazole FU; (4E-7Z) -4,7-tridecadiene-1-yl acetate AT; Tridemorph FU; Tridiphane HB; Trietazine HB; Trifenmorph MO; Trifloxystrobin FU; Trifloxysulfuron HB; Triflumizole FU; Triflumuron IN; Trifluralin KB; Triflusulfuron (-methyl) HB; Triforme FU, AC; Trimedlure AT; Trimellitic acid RI, trimesic acid RI, trimeturon HB; Trinexapac PG; Trioxymethylene FU; Tritazine HB; Triticonazole FU; Urea FU; Uniconazole PG, FU; Validamycin FU; Vamidothione IN, AC; Vapam IN, NE, FU; vernolate HB; Vinclozolin FU; Warfarin RO; Wax RO; XRD-563 FU; Xylyl methyl carbamate IN; Xylachlor HB; Xylylcarb IN; Zarilamide FU; Zetacypermethrin (see ξ-cypermethrin) IN; Zinc phosphides IN, RO; Zineb FU; Zinebethylenethiuram disulphide adduct (see (Z) -9-dodecenyl acetate); (Z) -11- Tetradecen-1-yl acetate AT; Bitumen Pruning c, Bone Oil RE; IN greases; Quartz sand RE; Olfactory repellants RE; AD-67 Safener SA; Benoxacor safener SA; Cloquintocet mexyl safener SA; N, N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide (R 25 788) Safener SA; Extender syn. SY; Fenchlorazole (-ethyl) safener SA; Fenchlorim safener SA; Flurazole safener SA; Mefenpyr-diethyl safener SA; piperonyl butoxide Syn. SY; Sulfaquinoxaline Syn SY.

As biological pesticides and pesticides come the Other bacteria, fungi, slime molds, nematodes, viruses or products these organisms in question, for example Aschersonia aleyrodis IN; Agrotis segetum granulosis virus IN; Bacillus sphaericus IN; Bacillus subtilis FU; Amelomyces quisqualis FU; Autographica californica NFV FU; Bacillus thuringiensis IN; subspecies aizawai, subspecies israelensis, subspecies kurstaki, subspecies tenebrionis, Beauveria bassiana IN; Bassiana brongniartii, Cydia pomonella granulosis virus IN; Gliocladium catenulatum FU; Heterorhabditis megidis IN; Lagenidium giganteum IN; Mamestra brassica nuclear polyhedrosis virus IN; Metarhitic anisopliae IN; Neodiprion sertifer nuclear polyhedrosis virus, phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita IN; Phlebiopsis gigantea FU; Pseudomonas aureofacicuc FU; Pseudomonas chorororaphis FU; Pseudomonas fluorescens FU; Rhizobium spp. OT; Steinernema carpocapsae IN; Steinernema feltiae IN; Streptomyces griseoviridis FU; Tomato mosaic virus VI; Trichoderma harzianum FU; Trichoderma polysporum FU; Trichoderma viride FU; Trichoderma spp. (Trichobiol) FU; Perticillium dahliae adhesive. FU; Verticillium lecanii IN.

The following fungal organisms or substances from the following fungal organisms or products from the following fungal organisms can be used as FU, HB, NE, IN or BA:
Deuteromycetes, for example Acremonium spp. (e.g. Berkeleyanum, A. furcatum, A. psammosporum, A. roseum), Acrodontium spp. (e.g. crateriform, Akanthomyces gracilis, Aphanocladium album, Arthrobotrys spp. (e.g. amerospora, A. brochopaga, A. cladodes, A. conoides, A. dactyloides, A. musiformis, A. oligospora, A. oligospora, A . psychrophilum, A. superba, A. thaumasia), Aschersonia spp. (e.g. BA aleyrodis, A. goldiana, A. insperata, A. turbinata), Aspergillus (e.g. BA clavatus, A. flavus, A, niger, A ochraceus, A. parasiticus, A. tamarii), Beauvaria spp. (e.g. amorpha, bassiana, brongniartii, caledonica, tenella, velata, vermiconia), Calcarisporium spp. (e.g. BC ovalisporum), Candida spp., Cladosporium spp., (e.g. BC cladosporioides), Culicinomyces spp. (e.g. BC bisporalis clavisporus), Dactylaria spp. (e.g. BD candida), Dactylella spp. (e.g. BD aphrobrocha, D. leptospora, D. lobata, D. oxyspora), Drechmeria spp. (e.g. D, coniospora), Duddingtonia spp. (e.g. BD flagrans), Engyodontium spp. (e.g. BE aranearum), Fusarium spp. (e.g. BF acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F coccophilum, F. lateritium, F. moniliforme, F. moniliforme var. intermedium, F. nygamai, F. oxysporum, F. polyphialidicum, F. sambucinum, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. subglutinans), Geniculifera spp. (e.g. BG paucispora), Geotrichum spp., Gibellula spp. (e.g. BG clavulifera var. alba, G. pulchra), Gliocladium spp, (e.g. BG roseum), Harposporium spp. (e.g. BH anguillulae, H. arcuatum, H. cerberi, H. cycloides, H. helicoides, H. janus, H. leptospira, H. lilliputanum, H. subuliforme), Hirsutella spp. (e.g. BH bogoriensis, H. brownorum, H. citrzformis, H. fusiformis, H. gigantea, H. guyana, H. haptospora, H. illustris, H. kirchneri, H. nodulosa, H. radiata, H. repens, H. rhossiliensis, H. satumaensis, H. strigosa, H. subulata, H. thompsonii, H. thompsonii var. Synnematosa, H. versicolor, H. verticilloides), Humicola spp., Hymenostilbe spp. (e.g. BH verrucosa), Mariannaea spp. (e.g. BM elegans [Teleomorph: Nectria mariannaeae], M. pruinosa), Metarhician spp. (e.g. M album, M anisopliae, M. anisopliae var. anisopliae, M. anisopliae var. frigidum, M. anisopliae var. majus, M. flavoviride, M. flavoviride var. flavoviride, M. flavoviride var. minus, M. taü), Microhilum spp. (e.g. BM oncoperae), Monacrosporium spp. (e.g. BM doedycoide, M. elegans, M. ellipsosporum, 14 eudematum, M. gephyropagum, M. parvicollis, M. thaumasium), Myriodontium spp. (e.g. BM keratinophilum), Nematoctonus spp. (e.g. BN concurrens, N. leiosporus, N. leptosporus), Nomuraea spp. (e.g. BN anemonoid, N. atypicola, N. rileyi), Ostracoderma spp., Paecilomyces spp. (e.g. BP amoenoroseus, P. andoi, P. canadensis, P. farinosus, P. fumosoroseus, P. javanicus, P. lilacinus, P. marquandii, P. reniformis, P. tenuipes, P. viridis), Penicillium spp. (e.g. BP thomiii), Phialophora spp. (e.g. BP malorum), Phoma spp. (e.g. BP cava), Plesiospora spp. (e.g. BP globosa), Polycephalomyces spp. (e.g. BP formosus, P. tomentosus), Pseudogibellula spp. (e.g. BP formicarum), Rotiferophthora spp. (e.g. BR amamiensis, R. angustispora, R. japonica, R. lacrima, R. minutispora), Scopulariopsis spp., Sorosporella spp., (e.g. BS uvella), Sporothrix spp. (e.g. BS insectorum), Stachybotrys spp., Stilbella spp. (e.g. (S. buquetti), Syngliocladium spp., Synnematium spp. (e.g. BS jonesii), Tolypocladium spp. (e.g. BT cylindrosporum, T. extinguens, T. geodes, T. lignicola, T. microsporum, T. nubicola, T. parasiticum, T. tundrense), Trichoderma spp. (E.g. BT lignorum), Trichothecium spp. (E.g. BT roseum), Tritirachium spp. (E.g. BT isariae), Verticillium spp. (E.g. BV aranearum, V. bactrosporum, V. balanoides, V. cephalosporum, V. chlamydosporium, V. cinnamoneum, V. coccosporum, V. epiphytum, V. fungicola, V. fungicola var. flavidum, V. fusisporum, V. indicum, V insectorum, V lamellicola, Y. lecanii, V pseudohemipterigenum, V. psalliotae), Zygomycetes, e.g. Basidiobolus spp. (e.g. BB haptosporus, B. microsporus, B. ranarum), Batkoa spp. (e.g. BB apicu / ata, B . gigantea, B. major), Conidiobolus spp. (e.g. BC adiaeretus, C. bangalorensis, C. brefeldianus, C. coronatus, C. firmipilleus, C. lachnodes, C. lamprauges, C. obscurus [Synonym: Entomophthora thaxteriana] , C. osmodes, C. pseudapiculatus, C. pumilus, C. rhysosporus, C. thromboides [synonyms: Entomophthora virulenta, E. pyriformis, E. destruens]), Entomophaga spp. (e.g., Asiatica, E. aulicae, E. australiensis, E. calopteni, E. conglomerata, E. grylli, E. macleodü, E. maimaiga, E. praxibuli, E. tabanivora, E. tenthredinis), Entomophthora spp. (e.g. chromaphidis, E. culicis, E. muscae, E. planchoniana, E. schizophorae), Erynia spp. (e.g. aquatica, E. conica, E. curvispora, E. ovispora, E. rhizospora, E. sciarae), Eryniopsis spp. (e.g. BE caroliniana, E. ptychopterae), Furia spp. (e.g. FF americana, F. crustosa, F. ithacensis, F. neopyralidarum, F. pieris, F. virescens), Macrobiotophthora spp. (e.g. BM vermicola), Massospora spp. (e.g. BM cicadina, M. levispora), Mortierella spp. (e.g. BM claussenii, M. histoplasmatoides, M. hyalina), Neozygites spp. (e.g. BN floridana, N. fresenii, N. parvispora, N. tetranychi, N. turbinata), Pandora spp. (e.g. BP blunckii, P. bullata, P. delphacis, P. dipterigena, P. echinospora, P. kondoiensis, P. neoaphidis, P. nouryi), Schizangiella spp. (e.g. BS serpentis), Smittium spp. (e.g. BS culicis, S. culisetae), Sporodiniella spp. (e.g. BS umbellata), Strongwellsea spp. (e.g. BS castrans), Zoophthora spp. (e.g. Z anglica, Z. aphidis, Z. lanceolata, Z. occidentalis, Z. phalloides, Z. phytonomi, Z. radicans), Oomycetes, for example Aphanomyces spp., Crypticola spp. (e.g. BC clavulifera), Lagenidium spp. (e.g. BL caudatum, L. giganteum), Leptolegnia spp., Saprolegnia spp., Pyrenomycetes, for example Atricordyceps spp. (e.g. harposporifera), Cordycepioideus spp. (e.g. BC bisporus); Cordyceps spp. (e.g. BC aphodii, C. militaris, C. ophioglossoides, C. roseostromata, C. variabilis), Torrubiella spp. (e.g. BT homopterorum, T. ratticaudata), Chytridiomycetes, for example Catenaria spp. (e.g. BC anguillulae), Coelomycidium spp. (e.g. BC simulii), Plectomycetes, e.g. Ascosphaera spp. (e.g. BA aggregata, A. apis, A. atra, A. duoformis, A. flava, A. major, A. proliperda), Ascomycetes, for example Syspastospora spp. (e.g. BS parasitica), or Basidiomycetes, for example Filobasidiella spp. (e.g. arachnophila).

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the term fungal organism or its components (A4) or the term active ingredient all active substances known and suitable to the person skilled in the art without tebuconazole and Imidacloprid understood.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the term Active ingredient all active ingredients known and suitable to the person skilled in the art without Azoxystrobin, Fludioxonyl, Mefenoxam, and Thiamethoxam understood.

According to another preferred embodiment, the term Active ingredient all active ingredients known and suitable to the person skilled in the art without Methoprene, Bacillus thuringienis israeliensis and Bacillus subtilis understood.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the term Active substance all active substances known and suitable to the person skilled in the art without acephate and pyriproxyen understood.

Furthermore, in one embodiment of the invention, the term Active ingredient all active ingredients known and suitable to the person skilled in the art without Endothall dipotassium salt understood.

According to another preferred embodiment, the term fungal organism or its components (A4) or the term active ingredient all active substances known and suitable to the person skilled in the art without novaluron Roger that.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention the active ingredients are used in an amount in a range from 0.0001 to 50% by weight. %, preferably in a range from 0.01 to 20% by weight and particularly preferred in a range of 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, each based on the weight of the Process used water-absorbing polymer used.

It is further preferred that the polymer has a free swell capacity of at least 4, preferably at least 10 and particularly preferably at least 15 to 500 g / g.

• 1. (α1) 0,1 bis 99,999 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 20 bis 98,99 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 30 bis 98,95 Gew.-% polymerisierten, ethylenisch ungesättigten, säuregruppenhaltigen Monomeren oder deren Salzen oder polymerisierten, ethylenisch ungesättigten, einen protonierten oder quartemierten Stickstoff beinhaltenden Monomeren, oder deren Mischungen, wobei mindestens ethylenisch ungesättigte, säuregruppenhaltige Monomere, vorzugsweise Acrylsäure, beinhaltende Mischungen besonders bevorzugt sind,
• 2. (α2) 0 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 1 bis 60 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 1 bis 40 Gew.-% polymerisierten, ethylenisch ungesättigten, mit (α1) copolymerisierbaren Monomeren,
• 3. (α3) 0 bis 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,01 bis 7 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-% eines oder mehrerer Vernetzer, sowie
• 4. (α4) 0 bis 95 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 10 bis 90 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 83 Gew.-% eines wasserlöslichen Polymeren, sowie
• 5. (α5) 0 bis 20 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,01 bis 7 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-% eines oder mehrerer Hilfsstoffe basiert, wobei die Summe der Gewichtsmengen (α1) bis (α5) 100 Gew.-% beträgt.

The water-absorbing polymer used in the process according to the invention is preferably a synthetic polymer based on

• 1. (α1) 0.1 to 99.999% by weight, preferably 20 to 98.99% by weight and particularly preferably 30 to 98.95% by weight of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated, acid group-containing monomers or their salts or polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a protonated or quaternized nitrogen, or mixtures thereof, particular preference being given to mixtures containing at least ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups, preferably acrylic acid,
• 2. (α2) 0 to 70% by weight, preferably 1 to 60% by weight and particularly preferably 1 to 40% by weight of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (α1),
• 3. (α3) 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 7% by weight and particularly preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight of one or more crosslinking agents, and
• 4. (α4) 0 to 95% by weight, preferably 10 to 90% by weight and particularly preferably 20 to 83% by weight of a water-soluble polymer, and
• 5. (α5) 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 7% by weight and particularly preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, of one or more auxiliaries, the sum of the amounts by weight (α1) to (α5) is 100% by weight.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, this is water-absorbent polymer before crosslinked. According to another The preferred embodiment according to the invention is the water-absorbing one Polymer at least partially branched but not cross-linked. In a another embodiment of the invention is the water-absorbent Polymer at least partially crosslinked.

The monoethylenically unsaturated, acid group-containing monomers (α1) can partially or completely, preferably partially neutralized. Preferably are the monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups at least 25 mol%, particularly preferably at least 50 mol% and above also preferably neutralized to 50-90 mol%. The neutralization of the monomers (α1) can also take place before the polymerization. Furthermore, the Neutralization with alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, Ammonia as well as carbonates and bicarbonates take place. Everybody is next to it further base conceivable, which forms a water-soluble salt with the acid. Also one Mixed neutralization with different bases is conceivable. The is preferred Neutralization with ammonia or with alkali metal hydroxides, especially preferably with sodium hydroxide or with ammonia.

Furthermore, in the case of a water-absorbing polymer, the free acid groups predominate, so that this polymer has an acidic pH having. This acidic polymer can be replaced by a polymer with free basic ones Groups, preferably amine groups, compared to the acidic polymer is basic, at least partially neutralized. These polymers are used in the literature as "Mixed-Bed Ion-Exchange Absorbent Polymers" (MBIEA- Polymers) and are disclosed, inter alia, in WO 99/34843. The Disclosure of WO 99/34843 is hereby introduced and applies thus as part of the revelation. As a rule, MBIEA polymers are one Composition, which on the one hand basic polymers, which are able Exchange anions, and on the other hand a compared to the basic Polymer include acidic polymer that is capable of exchanging cations. The basic polymer has basic groups and is typically characterized by the polymerization of monomers obtained, the basic groups or groups wear that can be converted into basic groups. With these Monomers are primarily primary, secondary or tertiary amines or the corresponding phosphines or at least two of the have the above functional groups. To this group of Monomers include in particular allylamine, diallylamine, 4-aminobutene, Alkyloxycyclines, vinylformamide, 5-aminopentene and the like, and their secondary or tertiary amine derivatives.

Preferred monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups (α1) are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, α-chloroacrylic acid, α- Cyanoacrylic acid, β-methyl acrylic acid (crotonic acid), α-phenylacrylic acid, β- Acryloxypropionic acid, sorbic acid, α-chlorosorbic acid, 2'- Methyl isocrotonic acid, cinnamic acid, p-chlorocinnamic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, Mesaconic acid, aconitic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tricarboxyethylene and Maleic anhydride, with acrylic acid and methacrylic acid especially and Acrylic acid are also preferred.

In addition to these monomers containing carboxylate groups are considered to be monoethylenic unsaturated monomers (α1) containing acid groups, furthermore ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid monomers or ethylenically unsaturated Phosphonic acid monomers preferred.

Ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid monomers are allylsulfonic acid or aliphatic or aromatic vinyl sulfonic acids or acrylic or methacrylic sulfonic acids preferred. As aliphatic or aromatic Vinyl sulfonic acids are vinyl sulfonic acid, 4-vinylbenzyl sulfonic acid, Vinyltoluenesulfonic acid and styrenesulfonic acid are preferred. As an acrylic or Methacrylic sulfonic acids are sulfoethyl (meth) acrylate, sulfopropyl (meth) acrylate and, 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropylsulfonic acid is preferred. As (Meth) acrylamidoalkylsulfonic acid is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid prefers.

Furthermore, ethylenically unsaturated phosphonic acid monomers, such as Vinylphosphonic acid, allylphosphonic acid, vinylbenzylphosphonic acid, (Meth) acrylamidoalkylphosphonic acids, acrylamidoalkyldiphosphonic acids, phosphonomethylated vinylamines and (meth) acrylicphosphonic acid derivatives prefers.

As ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a protonated nitrogen (α1) are preferably dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates in protonated form, for example dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate hydrochloride or Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate hydrosulfate and dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamides in protonated form, for example Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide hydrochloride, dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide hydrochloride, Dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide hydrosulfate or Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide hydrosulfate is preferred.

As ethylenically unsaturated, containing a quaternized nitrogen Monomers (α1) are dialkylammonium alkyl (meth) acrylates in quaternized form, for example trimethylammonium ethyl (meth) acrylate methosulfate or Dimethylethylammoniumethyl (meth) acrylate ethosulfate and (Meth) acrylamidoalkyl dialkylamines in quaternized form, for example (Meth) acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, Trimethylammoniumethyl (meth) acrylate chloride or (meth) acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium sulfate prefers.

The water-absorbing polymer is preferably based on 5 to 95% by weight Acrylamide and 95 to 5% by weight on acrylic acid, preferably 10 to 75% by weight % on acrylamide and 90 to 25% by weight on acrylic acid and especially preferably 20 to 70% by weight on acrylamide and 80 to 30% by weight Acrylic acid, the acrylic acid in the range from 30 to 100 mol% being preferred from 50 to 95 mol%, particularly preferably from 60 to 80 mol% and above in addition, preferably from 65 to 75 mol%, based in each case on the acid groups in the Polymer that is neutralized. It is also a water-absorbent polymer preferred that at least 95% by weight is based on acrylic acid. This Acrylic acid polymer is preferably 60 to 80 mol% based on the Acid groups of acrylic acid, neutralized.

As monoethylenically unsaturated monomers (α2) copolymerizable with (α1) acrylamides and methacrylamides are preferred.

Possible (meth) acrylamides are besides acrylamide and methacrylamide alkyl substituted (meth) acrylamides or aminoalkyl substituted derivatives of (Meth) acrylamides, such as N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, N, N- Dimethylamino (meth) acrylamide, dimethyl (meth) acrylamide or Diethyl (meth) acrylamide Possible vinylamides are, for example, N-vinylamides, N-vinylformamides, N-vinylacetamides, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamides, N-vinyl-Nmethylformamides, vinyl pyrrolidone. Particularly among these monomers acrylamide is preferred.

Furthermore, as monoethylenically unsaturated, with (α1) copolymerizable monomers (α2) water-dispersible monomers prefers. As water-dispersible monomers are acrylic acid esters and Methacrylic acid esters, such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, Propyl (meth) acrylate or butyl (meth) acrylate, as well as vinyl acetate, styrene and Isobutylene preferred.

Crosslinkers (α3) preferred according to the invention are compounds which at least have two ethylenically unsaturated groups within one molecule (Crosslinker class I), compounds that have at least two functional groups have that with functional groups of the monomers (α1) or (α2) in one Condensation reaction (= condensation crosslinker), in an addition reaction or can react in a ring opening reaction (crosslinker class II), Compounds which have at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one functional group with functional groups of Monomers (α1) or (α2) in a condensation reaction, in one Addition reaction or can react in a ring opening reaction (Crosslinker class III), or polyvalent metal cations (Crosslinker class IV). The crosslinking class I crosslinking of the polymers through the radical polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated groups of the crosslinker molecule with the monoethylenically unsaturated monomers (α1) or (α2) reached while at the compounds of crosslinker class II and the polyvalent metal cations crosslinker class IV by crosslinking the polymers Condensation reaction of the functional groups (crosslinker class II) or through electrostatic interaction of the polyvalent metal cation (crosslinking class IV) is achieved with the functional groups of the monomers (α1) or (α2). Correspondingly, there is a crosslink class III Crosslinking of the polymer both by radical polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated group as well as by condensation reaction between the functional group of the crosslinker and the functional groups of the Monomers (α1) or (α2).

Preferred compounds of crosslinker class I are poly (meth) acrylic acid esters, which, for example, by the reaction of a polyol, such as Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerin, Pentaerythritol, polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol, an amino alcohol, a polyalkylene polyamine, such as diethylene triamine or Triethylenetetraamine, or an alkoxylated polyol with acrylic acid or Methacrylic acid can be obtained. As crosslinking class I compounds furthermore polyvinyl compounds, poly (meth) ally compounds, (Meth) acrylic acid ester of a monovinyl compound or (meth) acrylic acid ester a mono (meth) allyl compound, preferably that Mono (meth) allyl compounds of a polyol or an amino alcohol, prefers. In this connection, DE 195 43 366 and DE 19 54 3 368 referenced. The disclosures are hereby introduced as a reference and are therefore considered part of the revelation.

Examples of crosslinker class I compounds Alkenyldi (meth) acrylates, for example ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,10-decanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,18-octadecanediol di (meth) acrylate, Cyclopentanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, methylenedi (meth) acrylate or pentaerythritol di (meth) acrylate, alkenyldi (meth) acrylamides, for example NMethyldi (meth) acrylamide, N, N'-3-methylbutylidenebis (meth) acrylamide, N, N'- (1,2-di-hydroxyethylene) bis (meth) acrylamide, N, N'-hexamethylenebis (meth) acrylamide or N, N'-methylenebis (meth) acrylamide, Polyalkoxy di (meth) acrylates, for example diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate or Tetrapropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol adi (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated Bisphenol adi (meth) acrylate, benzylidinedi (meth) acrylate, 1,3-di (meth) acryloyloxypropanol-2, Hydroquinone di (meth) acrylate, di (meth) acrylate ester preferably with 1 to 30 Mol alkylene oxide per hydroxyl group oxyalkylated, preferably ethoxylated Trimethylolpropane, thioethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Thiopropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, thiopolyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Thiopolypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, divinyl ether, for example 1,4-butanediol divinyl ether, Divinyl esters, for example divinyl adipate, alkanedienes, for example butadiene or 1,6-hexadiene, divinylbenzene, di (meth) allyl compounds, for example Di (meth) allyl phthalate or di (meth) allyl succinate, homo- and copolymers of Di (meth) allyldimethylammonium chloride and homo- and copolymers of Diethyl (meth) allylaminomethyl (meth) acrylate ammonium chloride, vinyl (meth) acrylic compounds, for example vinyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) allyl (meth) acrylic compounds, for example (meth) allyl (meth) acrylate, with 1 to 30 Moles of ethylene oxide per hydroxyl group ethoxylated (meth) allyl (meth) acrylate, Di (meth) allyl esters of polycarboxylic acids, for example di (meth) allyl maleate, Di (meth) allyl fumarate, di (meth) allyl succinate or di (meth) allyl terephthalate, Compounds with 3 or more ethylenically unsaturated, radical polymerizable groups such as glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate esters with preferably 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide per hydroxyl group Glycerol, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, tri (meth) acrylate ester of preferably oxyalkylated with 1 to 30 mol of alkylene oxide per hydroxyl group, preferably ethoxylated trimethylolpropane, trimethacrylamide, (Meth) allylidenedi (meth) acrylate, 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol di (meth) acrylate, Tri (meth) allyl cyanurate, tri (meth) allyl isocyanurate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, Pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid ester of preferably 1 to 30 Moles of ethylene oxide per hydroxyl group of oxyethylated pentaerythritol, tris (2- hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate tri (meth) acrylate, trivinyl trimellitate, tri (meth) allylamine, Di (meth) allylalkylamines, for example di (meth) allylmethylamine, Tri (meth) allyl phosphate tetra (meth) allylethylenediamine, poly (meth) allyl ester, Tetra (meth) allyloxyethane or tetra (meth) allylammonium halide.

Preferred compounds of crosslinker class II are compounds which have at least two functional groups which are in one Condensation reaction (= condensation crosslinker), in an addition reaction or in a ring opening reaction with the functional groups of the monomers (α1) or (α2), preferably react with acid groups, the monomers (α1) can. In these functional groups of the compounds of the crosslinking class II is preferably alcohol, amine, aldehyde, glycidyl, Isocyanate, carbonate or epichlor functions.

Examples of crosslinker class II include polyols, for example ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, Triethylene glycol and tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycols such as dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol or tetrapropylene glycol, 1,3- Butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,5- Hexanediol, glycerin, polyglycerin, trimethylolpropane, polyoxypropylene, Oxyethylene-oxypropylene block copolymers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, pentaerythritol, polyvinyl alcohol and Sorbitol, amino alcohols, for example ethanolamine, diethanolamine, Triethanolamine or propanolamine, polyamine compounds, for example Ethylene diamine, diethylene triaamine, triethylene tetraamine, tetraethylene pentaamine or pentaethylene hexaamine, polyglycidyl ether compounds such as Ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, Glycerol polyglycidyl ether, pentareritrite polyglycidyl ether, Propylene glycol diglycidyl ether polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, hexanediol glycidyl ether, Trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, Adipic acid diglycidyl ether, 1,4-phenylene-bis (2-oxazoline), glycidol, Polyisocyanates, preferably diisocyanates such as 2,4-toluenediisocyanate and Hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyaziridine compounds such as 2,2-bishydroxymethylbutanol-tris [3- (1-aziridinyl) propionate], 1,6-hexamethylene diethylene urea and diphenylmethane-bis-4,4'-N, N'-diethylene urea, halo epoxides for example epichlorohydrin and epibromohydrin and α-methylepichlorohydrin, Alkylene carbonates such as 1,3-dioxolan-2-one (ethylene carbonate), 4-methyl-1,3- dioxolan-2-one (propylene carbonate), 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4,4- Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3- dioxolan-2-one, 1,3-dioxan-2-one, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one, 4,6-dimethyl-1,3- dioxan-2-one, 1,3-dioxolan-2-one, poly-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, polyquaternary amines such as condensation products of dimethylamines and epichlorohydrin. As Compounds of crosslinker class II are also polyoxazolines such as 1,2- Ethylene bisoxazoline, crosslinker with silane groups such as γ- Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Oxazolidinones such as 2-oxazolidinone, bis- and poly-2-oxazolidinones and Diglycol silicates preferred.

As class III compounds, hydroxyl- or amino group-containing esters the (meth) acrylic acid, such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, and (meth) acrylamides containing hydroxyl or amino groups, or Mono (meth) allyl compounds of diols preferred.

The polyvalent metal cations of crosslinking class IV are derived from polyvalent cations. Preferred divalent cations are derived from zinc, beryllium, alkaline earth metals, such as magnesium, calcium, strontium, magnesium being preferred. Other higher-value cations which can be used according to the invention are cations of aluminum, iron, chromium, manganese, titanium, zirconium and other transition metals, and also double salts of such cations or mixtures of the salts mentioned. Aluminum salts and alums and their different hydrates such as, for. B. AlCl ₃ × 6H ₂ O, NaAl (SO ₄ ) ₂ × 12 H ₂ O, KAl (SO ₄ ) ₂ × 12 H ₂ O or Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ × 14-18 H ₂ O are used.

Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ and its hydrates are particularly preferably used as crosslinking agents of crosslinking class IV.

Preferred water-absorbing polymers are polymers which are crosslinked of the following crosslinking classes or by crosslinking agents of the following Combinations of crosslinking classes are networked: I, II, III, IV, I II, I III, I IV, I II III, I II IV, I III IV, II III IV, II IV or III IV. The above Combinations of classes of crosslinkers each represent a preferred one Embodiment of crosslinkers of a polymer.

Other preferred water-absorbing polymers are polymers that are made by any of the aforementioned crosslinkers of crosslinker classes I are networked. Among them, water-soluble crosslinkers are preferred. In this Are N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide, Polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylates, triallylmethylammonium chloride, Tetraallyl ammonium chloride and with 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acrylic acid Allylnonaethylenglykolacrylat prepared particularly preferred.

As water-soluble polymers (α4) can be used in water-absorbing polymers water-soluble polymers, such as partially or fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, multiple sugars such as starch or starch derivatives, polyglycols or contain polyacrylic acid, preferably be copolymerized. The Molecular weight of these polymers is not critical as long as they are water soluble. Preferred water-soluble polymers are starch or starch derivatives or Polyvinyl alcohol. The water-soluble polymers, preferably synthetic ones Polyvinyl alcohol can also be used as a graft base for those to be polymerized Serve monomers.

Auxiliaries (α5) are preferably adjusting agents, odor binders, Contain surfactants or antioxidants.

This can be done from the aforementioned monomers and crosslinkers water-absorbing polymer through different polymerization methods produce. For example, bulk polymerization, which is preferably carried out in kneading reactors such as extruders, solution polymerization, Spray polymerization, inverse emulsion polymerization and inverse To name suspension polymerization. The is preferred Solution polymerization carried out in water as a solvent. The Solution polymerization can be carried out continuously or batchwise. Out The state of the art is a wide range of possible variations with regard to reaction conditions such as temperatures, type and amount of Initiators as well as the reaction solution. Typical procedures are described in the following patents: US 4,286,082, DE 27 06 135, US 4,076,663, DE 35 03 458, DE 40 20 780, DE 42 44 548, DE 43 23 001, DE 43 33 056, DE 44 18 818. The disclosures are hereby introduced as a reference and are therefore considered part of the revelation.

Another way of producing the water-absorbing polymers consists of preferably uncrosslinked, in particular linear, polymers by radical means from the aforementioned monoethylenically unsaturated To produce monomers (α1) or (α2) and then crosslinking them Reagents (α3), preferably those of classes II and IV to implement. This Variant is preferably used when the polymers are initially in shaping processes, for example fibers, foils or others Flat structures such as woven, knitted, spun or nonwovens processed and should be networked in this form.

Polymerization initiators can be in a solution of monomers according to the invention be contained dissolved or dispersed. All of them come as initiators Radically disintegrating compounds known to those skilled in the art can be considered. this includes fall in particular peroxides, hydroperoxides, hydrogen peroxide, persulfates, Azo compounds and the so-called redox catalysts. The is preferred Use of water-soluble catalysts. In some cases it is advantageous To use mixtures of different polymerization initiators. Under these Mixtures are those of hydrogen peroxide and sodium or Potassium peroxodisulfate is preferred, in any conceivable quantitative ratio can be used. Suitable organic peroxides are preferred Acetylacetone peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, Cumene hydroperoxide, t-amyl perpivalate, t-butyl perpivalate, t-butyl pemeohexonate, t-butyl isobutyrate, t-butyl per-2-ethylhexenoate, t-butyl perisononanoate, t- Butyl permaleate, t-butyl perbenzoate, t-butyl 3,5,5-tri-methylhexanoate and Amylperneodekanoat. Further preferred polymerization initiators are: Azo compounds such as 2,2'-azobis- (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, Azo bisamidinopropan-dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis- (N, N-dimethyleri) isobutyramidine dihydrochloride, 2- (carbamoylazo) isobutyronitrile and 4,4'-azobis- (4- cyanovaleric acid). The compounds mentioned are in usual amounts used, preferably in a range from 0.01 to 5, preferably from 0.1 to 2 Mol%, based in each case on the amount of the monomers to be polymerized.

The redox catalysts contain as oxidic component at least one of the above-mentioned per compounds and as reducing component preferably ascorbic acid, glucose, sorbose, manose, ammonium or alkali metal hydrogen sulfite, sulfate, thiosulfate, hyposulfite or sulfide, metal salts such as iron-II -ions or silver ions or sodium hydroxymethyl sulfoxylate. Ascorbic acid or sodium pyrosulfite is preferably used as the reducing component of the redox catalyst. Based on the amount of monomers used in the polymerization, 1.10 ^-5 to 1 mol% of the reducing component of the redox catalyst and 1.10 ^-5 to 5 mol% of the oxidizing component of the redox catalyst are used. Instead of or in addition to the oxidizing component of the redox catalyst, one or more, preferably water-soluble, azo compounds can be used.

According to the invention, a redox system consisting of is preferred Hydrogen oxide, sodium peroxodisulfate and ascorbic acid are used. According to the invention, it is generally azo compounds as initiators preferred, with azo-bisamidinopropane dihydrochloride being particularly preferred. As a rule, the polymerization with the initiators in one Temperature range from 30 to 90 ° C initiated.

In this context, it is further preferred that the water-absorbing polymers an interior, an interior surrounding outer area as well as a surrounding the outer area Have surface area, the outer area a higher Has degree of crosslinking than the inner area, so that preferably one Forms core-shell structure. The increased networking in the surface area the water-absorbing polymer is preferably by Post-crosslinking of near-surface reactive groups achieved. This Post-crosslinking can take place thermally, photochemically or chemically. As The crosslinkers for chemical postcrosslinking are the compounds preferred, which were mentioned as crosslinkers (α3) of crosslinker classes II and IV. Ethylene carbonate is particularly preferred as postcrosslinker.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention Process are water-absorbing polymer in their post-crosslinked or not post-cross-linked form - used, which has a layer on its surface an inorganic material, in particular silicon dioxide in a wide variety Modifications, or a polysaccharide, especially starch or cellulose, preferably cellulose, or at least two thereof. The layer out the inorganic material or the polysaccharide is preferably thinner than the average diameter of the water-soluble polymer.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, as water-absorbent polymer is a non-synthetic, water-absorbent Polymer used. Preferred non-synthetic water-absorbent polymers are polysaccharides, for example starch derivatives or starch copolymers, Cyclodextrins or cyclodextrin derivatives, or cellulose, preferably Carboxymethyl cellulose, guar gum, polyaspartic acid, alginates, or a Mixture of at least two of them. In another Embodiment of the method according to the invention is as water-absorbent polymer is a mixture of a synthetic polymer type described above and a water-absorbing polysaccharide used.

The invention also relates to those obtainable by the method according to the invention Active ingredient composition comprising a water-absorbing polymer, Water in an amount ranging from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably 5 to 95 % By weight and particularly preferably 9 to 90% by weight, based on the water-absorbing polymer, an active ingredient and optionally auxiliary and Additives.

• a) eine gemäß der hierin beschriebenen Testmethode bestimmte Abriebmenge für Partikel < 1 mm in einem Bereich von 0,1 bis 50 Gew.- %, bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 0,5 bis 30 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 1 bis 5 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der in der Testmethode eingesetzten Zusammensetzung;
• b) die maximale Aufnahme einer synthetischen Bodenlösung liegt in einem Bereich von 1 bis 500, bevorzugt von 10 bis 300, besonders bevorzugt von 15 bis 200 und darüber hinaus bevorzugt von 20 bis 100 ml/g wasserabsorbierender Substanz,
• c) der mit Wasser extrahierbare Anteil beträgt weniger als 50 bevorzugt weniger als 20 und besonders bevorzugt weniger als 10 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Wasser absorbierende Substanz,
• d) die Schüttdichte liegt im Bereich von 300 bis 1000, bevorzugt 550 bis 950 und besonders bevorzugt 600 bis 900 g/l,
• e) der pH-Wert von 1 g wasserabsorbierender Substanz pro 1 l 0,9 Gew.-% NaCl-Wasserlösung liegt in einem Bereich von 4 bis 10, bevorzugt von 5 bis 9 und besonders bevorzugt von 5,5 bis 8,5,
• f) die Absorption von synthetischer Bodenlösung gegen einen Druck von 20 g/cm² innerhalb von 2 h liegt in einem Bereich von 1 bis 100, bevorzugt von 5 bis 80 und besonders bevorzugt von 10 bis 50 g Wasser/g wasserabsorbierende Substanz,
• g) der Acrylamidrestmonomergehalt ist kleiner gleich 300, bevorzugt kleiner gleich 200 und besonders bevorzugt kleiner gleich 100 ppm, jeweils bezogen auf die wasserabsorbierende Substanz, vorzugsweise das Polyacrylamid,
• h) die Teilchengröße von mindestens 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von mindestens 50 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt von mindestens 90 Gew.-% der wasserabsorbierenden Substanz liegt im Bereich von 0,1 bis 100, bevorzugt 0,5 bis 10 und besonders bevorzugt 1 bis 5 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the composition according to the invention, it has at least one of the following properties:

• a) an abrasion amount determined according to the test method described here for particles <1 mm in a range from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably in a range from 0.5 to 30% by weight and particularly preferably in a range from 1 to 5% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the composition used in the test method;
• b) the maximum absorption of a synthetic soil solution is in a range from 1 to 500, preferably from 10 to 300, particularly preferably from 15 to 200 and moreover preferably from 20 to 100 ml / g of water-absorbing substance,
• c) the proportion which can be extracted with water is less than 50, preferably less than 20 and particularly preferably less than 10% by weight, based on the water-absorbing substance,
• d) the bulk density is in the range from 300 to 1000, preferably 550 to 950 and particularly preferably 600 to 900 g / l,
• e) the pH of 1 g of water-absorbing substance per 1 l of 0.9% by weight NaCl water solution is in a range from 4 to 10, preferably from 5 to 9 and particularly preferably from 5.5 to 8.5,
• f) the absorption of synthetic soil solution against a pressure of 20 g / cm ² within 2 h is in a range from 1 to 100, preferably from 5 to 80 and particularly preferably from 10 to 50 g of water / g of water-absorbing substance,
• g) the residual acrylamide monomer content is less than or equal to 300, preferably less than or equal to 200 and particularly preferably less than or equal to 100 ppm, in each case based on the water-absorbing substance, preferably the polyacrylamide,
• h) the particle size of at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight and particularly preferably at least 90% by weight of the water-absorbing substance is in the range from 0.1 to 100, preferably 0.5 to 10 and particularly preferably 1 to 5 mm.

The conceivable resulting from the above properties Property combinations of two and more of these properties each represent preferred embodiments of the composition according to the invention. Are preferred as embodiments of the invention Compositions with the following as letters or Character combinations shown, or Property combinations: a, b, c, d, e, f, h, ab, abc, abcd, abd, abcde, abde, abcdef, abdef, abcdefg, abdefg, abcdefgh, abdefgh, with a being particularly preferred.

The invention further relates to a method for protecting plants or for Promotion of plant growth, being an inventive Composition in the vicinity of plants or parts of plants, preferably at a distance of up to 20 cm, preferably up to 10 cm and particularly preferably up to 5 cm from plants or parts of plants, is applied. The one according to the invention is particularly preferred Active ingredient composition in direct contact with plants or parts of plants brought. In one embodiment of the method, the Active ingredient composition in a range up to a maximum of 50 cm from Center of the root area of the plant introduced. In another Embodiment of this inventive method is the Active ingredient composition according to the invention in a swollen form on a Plant or a plant part applied, the application preferably done by spraying or brushing.

The invention also relates to a method for combating Pest organisms in an aquatic system, one by the Active ingredient composition obtainable according to the invention into a aquatic system is deployed.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention Composition available for the controlled release of a Active ingredient, preferably the use of this composition as Plant treatment products, preferably in agriculture, in the Forestry, ornamental plant growing, gardening, fruit growing, Vector control, in plant cultivation, in plant breeding, in seeds, preferably with generative and vegetative seeds, with seedlings, with non-agricultural applications to control or control Organisms, in the storage or processing of fruits and crops or vegetable materials.

The invention is now based on test methods and not limitative Examples explained in more detail.

TEST METHODS FREE-SWELL CAPACITY

For each measurement, two (60 × 40) mm ² to (60 × 85) mm ² tea bags made from 7291 Dexter paper without finishing, heat sealable, are folded on two of the three open sides and heat sealed so that the inner edges approx 3 to 5 mm from the outer edges of the tea bag, each empty and measured with polymer. For this purpose, to determine W _dl 0.200 ± 0.005 g of the polymer is weighed into a tea bag and the tea bag is then closed. The same procedure is used to determine the value W _d2 . If it takes more than five minutes to weigh the polymer and seal the tea bags before the actual test can begin, the tea bags should be kept in a desiccator. The empty tea bags are closed in the same way as the tea bags filled with polymer. Then a beaker is filled to a height of 5 cm with deionized water, the deionized water should be replaced after 10 tea bags at the latest. After the polymer has been evenly distributed into the tea bags, the tea bags are placed on the surface of the deionized water for one minute before being pressed under the water surface, whereby air bubbles are removed by moving the tea bags. After 30 ± 1 minute, the tea bags are removed from the water. The tea bags are then hung from the diagonal corners of the tea bags for 10 ± 1 minute to remove excess deionized water. The masses W _b1 and W _{b2 are} then determined for each of the empty tea bags and the masses W _w1 and W _w2 for the polymer-containing tea bags.

The results are determined according to the following equations: The average value for two empty tea bags is determined by:

For each sample (i = 1 and 2) is used as


in which
W _di = dry test mass in g
W _b = average mass of the two wet empty tea bags in g
W _w = mass of wet tea bags with polymer in g.

The average of two measurements is taken for the calculation and the value is given with an accuracy of 0.1.

ABSORPTION OF SYNTHETIC FLOOR SOLUTION AGAINST PRESSURE

The liquid absorption capacity against an external pressure was in Based on the European Dispodables and Nonwovens Association (EDANA) method No. 442.1-99.

0.90 g of the test substance was weighed into a test cylinder with an internal diameter of 60.0 mm and a sieve plate (400 mesh) (concentration: 0.032 g / cm ² ) and distributed evenly. A cylindrical weight (20 g / cm ² ) with an outer diameter of 59.2 mm was placed on the test substance. Filter plates were placed in a plastic bowl and covered with filter paper. The plastic bowl was filled with synthetic soil solution until the liquid level was flush with the top edge of the filter plates. The prepared measuring units were then placed on the filter plates. After a swelling time of 120 minutes, the measuring units were removed and the weight removed. The amount of liquid taken up was determined gravimetrically and converted to 1 g of test substance. SYNTHETIC FLOOR SOLUTION Contain 1000 g of solution
0.0019 g FeCl ₃ -6 H ₂ O
0.0353 g NH ₄ Cl
0.0712 g NaCl
0.2980 g KCl
0.3363 g MgCl ₂ -6 H ₂ O
1.5661 g CaCl ₂ -6 H ₂ O
0.0065 g NaN ₃
997.6847 g H ₂ O

MONOMERIC

The residual monomer content of acrylamide was determined by Swelling in excess of 0.9 percent. NaCl solution, shear with Ultra-Turrax and subsequent content determination using HPLC.

PH VALUE

0.1 g of superabsorbent was dissolved in 100 ml of 0.9 percent. NaCl solution stirred in and Let stand for 30 min. The pH was then determined.

BULK DENSITY

The bulk density of superabsorbent polymers is determined by placing a representative sample of 100 g in a Density determination vessel of known volume flows. The container is weighed and the weight of the sample per unit volume calculated and recorded as bulk density in g / l.

SOLUBLE PART

The extractable fraction was determined using GPC. This was the rehearsal 16 h in 0.9 percent. Stirred NaCl solution and filtered off. The filtrate is over a GPC analyzed. The soluble area becomes from the peak area of the chromatogram Share calculated. The system is calibrated such that the filtrate is evaporated and the total carbon is determined from the residue.

DETERMINATION OF WEARING QUANTITY

100 g of the composition are sieved to> 1 mm and poured into a 1 liter Bulb flask on a rotary evaporator at 100 rpm mechanical Exposed to stress. This bulb bulb has a total of four in longitudinal Direction from the bottom of the piston to the equator, cruciform arranged notches with a length of 11 cm, a width of 2 cm and a maximum depth of 1 cm. The content of the flask is then followed by Using a rubber squeegee on a sieve set consisting of a bottom, one 1000 µm, 850 µm, 300 µm and a 150 µm sieve, each with 2 sieving aids (round, Diameter 2 cm) transferred and at interval switching and intensity 50 a Retsch screening machine, type Vibro. After weighing the sieve trays is the abrasion of the formulation in% based on the product weight in the given grain sizes.

EXAMPLES EXAMPLE 1

It is produced by extruding an active ingredient composition containing 10% by weight of triadimenol as the active ingredient, based on the total weight of the carriers of the active ingredient composition, 70% by weight of Stockosorb® 400F from Stockhausen GmbH & Co. KG as the synthetic, water-absorbing polymer , 10 wt .-% guar gum as a non-synthetic, water-absorbing polymer and 20 wt .-% starch as an additive, based in each case on the total weight of the carrier. The components were extruded in a twin-screw extruder from Theysohn Maschinenbau GmbH with head granulation using two knives, the extruder having the following features:

A mixture containing the synthetic superabsorbent, the starch, the guar gum and the active ingredient was metered into the first housing, while the water was metered into the second housing. The following process parameters were observed during extrusion:

The active substance composition thus obtained has an abrasion amount for Particles <1 mm µm of 1.1% by weight.

The active ingredient composition obtained in this way is mixed homogeneously with plant soil (horticultural potting soil) so that the concentration of plant protection agent in the soil is 10 ppm. 10 seeds of the summer wheat variety "Munk" are sown into this soil. In addition, 10 seeds of the same type of wheat are sown in a comparative test without pesticides being in the potting soil. 20 replications are carried out in each case. 10 replications are inoculated 14 days after sowing and 10 replications are inoculated 28 days after sowing with spores of the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe graminis. 8 days later, the plants are rated for "percent infested leaf area". The infestation values of the 10 replications are averaged and the effectiveness (W) of the active substance is determined according to Abbott (Abbott, WS 1925: "A method for computing the effectiveness of an insecticde", Journal of Economic Entomology 18: 265-267):

The following measurements were obtained: Table 1

Claims (16)

1. Including a method for producing an active ingredient composition a water-absorbing polymer, water in an amount in one range from 1% by weight to 1000 times the amount of water-absorbent Polymers, based on the water-absorbing polymer, an active ingredient and optionally auxiliaries and additives, the components be brought into contact by kneading when the water absorbing Polymer at least 0.01 g water / g of the water absorbent polymer has taken up, and then the product thus available optionally dried and crushed. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the active ingredient is brought into contact with the water-absorbing polymer before the water-absorbing polymer at least 0.01 g water / g des water-absorbent polymer. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the active ingredient is brought into contact with the water-absorbing polymer after the water-absorbing polymer at least 0.01 g water / g des water-absorbent polymer. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a part of the active ingredient was added to the water before the water with is brought into contact with the water-absorbing polymer. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the kneading by means of a kneading tool with a screw. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the water-absorbent polymer Snail before the water is fed. 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the auxiliaries and additives according to the water-absorbing polymer of the screw, if the auxiliaries or additives are liquid, and before or with the water-absorbing polymer can be fed to the snail when the Auxiliaries or additives are solid. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the auxiliary or Additives an oil or a non-water-swellable polymer or at least include two of them. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the active ingredient is a biologically active substance. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer has a free swell capacity of at least 4 g / g. 11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer Multiple sugar included. 12. Active ingredient composition, obtainable by a process according to a of the preceding claims. 13. Active ingredient composition according to claim 12 with at least one of the following properties: a) an abrasion amount determined according to the test method described herein for particles <1 mm in a range from 0.1 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition used in the test method; b) the maximum absorption of a synthetic soil solution is in a range from 1 to 500 ml / g of water-absorbing substance, c) the proportion which can be extracted with water is less than 50% by weight, based on the water-absorbing substance, d) the bulk density is in the range from 300 to 1000 g / l, e) the pH of 1 g of water-absorbing substance per 1 l of 0.9% by weight NaCl / water solution is in a range from 4 to 10, f) the absorption of synthetic soil solution against a pressure of 20 g / cm ² within 2 h is in a range from 1 to 100 g water / g water-absorbing substance, g) the acrylamide residual monomer content is less than or equal to 300 ppm, based on the water-absorbing substance, preferably the polyacrylamide, h) the particle size of at least 10% by weight of the water-absorbing substance is in the range from 0.1 to 100 mm. 14. A method of protecting plants or promoting Plant growth, wherein an active ingredient composition according to claim 12 or 13 applied in the vicinity of plants or parts of plants becomes. 15. A method of controlling pest organisms in one aquatic system, wherein an active ingredient composition according to claim 12 or 13 is applied in an aquatic system. 16. Use of an active ingredient composition according to claim 12 or 13 as a plant treatment product.