DE10035469B4 - sailboat - Google Patents

Abstract

Sailboat with
- a mast standing in the bow and inclined aft (2),
- a sail (4) which is held by a luffing tree (6) which is attached to the mast top (14) in the end,
- A large tree (9) attached to the lower end of the luffing tree (6), on which the clew (10) of the sail (4) is attached aft,
- A traveler (15) in a rail (11) on the boat hull (1), on which the large boom (9) is attached between the ends, so that the attachment point of the large boom (9) can be moved transversely to the longitudinal axis of the boat, the sail (4th ) can be pivoted about the respective axis through the attachment point of the luffing tree (6) on the mast top (14) and the attachment point of the large tree (9) on the traveler (15), and
- A mainsheet (17), which is attached at one end to the main boom (9) and at the other end to the boat hull (1).

Description

The Invention relates to a sailboat with a specially designed rig and sail.

at Sailing boats with conventional ones Sailing up the sail is attached to the mast, while it is on his Luff is guided in a mastkeep or with mast slides on the mast. As a result, the inclination of the sail corresponds to that in lateral wind heeling the boat. The inclination of the sail leads to more or less huge Loss of propulsive power and thus of driving.

• – das Segel ist mit dem Vorliek nicht am Mast befestigt, sondern an unterschiedlichen Hilfskonstruktionen und
• – die Hilfskonstruktionen sind um eine Horizontalachse drehbar.

To avoid loss of performance due to the heeling of the boat, various special designs have already become known, all of which have two similar construction principles:

• - The sail is not attached to the mast with the luff, but to different auxiliary structures and
• - The auxiliary structures can be rotated about a horizontal axis.

Thereby can sail independently from the boat heel be placed in an upright position and performance losses can be reduced or be avoided.

The previously known constructions leave with regard to the constructive and the handling effort and in terms of their sailing properties still to be desired.

In the DE 195 12 948 A1 is a rig construction from an auxiliary mast, which stands behind the sail, is disclosed. There is a rotating and swiveling mechanism on the auxiliary mast, to which a mast is attached in the middle. The mast carries two parallel sails.

The DE 1 715 211 U1 discloses a modified Latin sail. In this construction, the mast is "in" the sail, ie the sail cannot be moved unhindered transversely to the longitudinal axis of the boat. In addition, this construction lacks a movable lower anchorage point, so that the inclination of the sail always corresponds to the heel of the boat.

The US 5,918,561 discloses a rig construction with an A-mast in front of the sails. A rotating boom is attached to the mast top. With this construction, the sails can be moved independently of the heel of the boat. The construction is based on a catamaran, which has a traveler rail running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the boat between the hulls, on which a waist is slidably attached for sail regulation. The waist corresponds to the usual mainsheet design for yachts.

In the US 4 945 845 discloses a mounting structure for the sail made of two A-shaped masts which are rotatably mounted on a disc in the front half of the boat.

In the magazine: Yacht 21/96, page 124 is a catsail on one shown mast standing in the bow. Because the sail attached to the mast is, it cannot be independent from the boat heel be aligned vertically. The mast is at the previously known Inevitable sail shape in the bow to get a sail pressure point in the middle of the boat.

From that based on the object of the invention, a sailboat to create that with a rig and sail with reduced constructive and handling effort and equipped with improved sailing properties is.

The Task is performed by a sailboat with the features of the claim 1 solved. Advantageous configurations of the sailboat are specified in the subclaims.

• – einen im Bug stehenden, nach achtern geneigten Mast,
• – ein Segel, das von einem Vorliekbaum gehalten ist, der zwischenends am Masttop angeschlagen ist,
• – einen am unteren Ende des Vorliekbaumes befestigten Großbaum, an dem achterlich das Schothorn des Segels angeschlagen ist,
• – einen Traveller in einer Schiene auf dem Bootsrumpf, an dem der Großbaum zwischenends angeschlagen ist, so daß der Anschlagpunkt des Großbaumes quer zur Bootslängsachse verschiebbar ist, wobei das Segel um die jeweilige Achse durch den Anschlagpunkt des Vorliekbaumes am Masttop und den Anschlagpunkt des Großbaumes am Traveller schwenkbar ist, und
• – eine Großschot, die einenends am Großbaum und anderenends am Bootsrumpf angeschlagen ist.

The sailboat according to the invention has

• - a mast standing in the bow, inclined aft,
• - a sail, which is held by a luffing tree, which is attached to the mast top in between,
• - a large tree attached to the lower end of the luffing tree, on which the clew of the sail is attached aft,
• - A traveler in a rail on the boat hull, on which the boom is attached between the ends, so that the attachment point of the boom can be moved transversely to the longitudinal axis of the boat, the sail about the respective axis through the attachment point of the luffing boom on the mast top and the attachment point of the boom on Traveler is swiveling, and
• - a mainsheet that is attached to the main boom at one end and to the hull at the other end.

The sailboat according to the invention has a rig that requires less standing and running material than conventional sailboats. This saves design effort and improves functionality. The rig basically only consists of a short mast, which is held on the bow, ie on a relatively stiff area of the boat hull. The usual shrouds and stays are no longer required. The sail is attached to the luffing boom at the top of the mast and the large boom at the bottom of a traveler attached. Only the main sheet is required for sailing.

The Rig can be erect and dismantle faster and easier than normal rigs. The same applies to setting and recovering the sail. Sailing is much easier than conventional ones Sailboats.

With the traveler can use the large tree across the boat's longitudinal axis be moved. In case of side wind the sail is lifted by hand or automatically pressed after Lee, which passes through the lower and upper anchorage points of the sail vertical axis of the sail opposite to the vertical axis of the Boat hull is relocated. This will cause the sail to tilt according to the heel of the boat prevented. As a result, the sail points at the same Size one higher Propulsive force than that of the luff attached to the mast Sail. additionally the sail pressure point remains above the buoyancy center even when the boat is off-set, so that too the drift is reduced.

The Amount of Masts can be significantly less than the height of the sail and therefore the Height of the mast conventional Sailing boats with the same sail area because the sail is held by the luffing tree. The height of the mast is preferably about half the height of the sail. This makes it easier to assemble, disassemble and transport the Boat.

According to one Another embodiment, the mast base is simply in a holder (for example plug-in receptacle) used in the hull and by means of secured by a safety device in the holder. The security device can in particular have a snap lock.

According to one Another embodiment, braces are attached to the mast at the other a distance from the mast foot on the outer edges of the hull are attached. Preferably on both sides of the boat axis One bracing each. The bracing can be in particular two struts that are resistant to pressure and tension. The struts can can be attached to the mast and / or hull with bolts. The Bracing favors the use of reduced mast cross sections and weight savings.

According to one In another embodiment, the luffing tree is convexly curved. He can have an arrowed spreader between them, the ends of which have shrouds, the two ends attached to the luffing tree at a distance from the spreader are to stabilize the luffing tree. This will also material savings made possible with the luffing boom. Through the side Bracing the luffing tree with shrouds can be done by the luffing tree as desired size Sails are included.

According to one Another embodiment is the sail on the luff in a lane of Luff tree held.

According to one advantageous further development, the luffing tree is designed to be divisible, so he into several pieces disassembled is transportable. The luffing tree is preferably in the middle divided so that after about the length of the disassembly of the mast.

The The anchor point of the luffing boom on the mast top can be found in the Middle between the ends of the luffing tree or on the Height one Saling. The luff tree can over a ball joint on the mast top. For this a Articulated head on one of the two elements (luffing boom and mast top) and there is a thorn on the other.

According to one advantageous development, the large boom is designed as a boom. The The forks can be attached to the boom by the traveler connecting bracket be trained. The anchor of the main sheet can be on another Stirrups, that connects the forks. Preferably, the anchor point is the Travelers in the front half and the anchor of the main sheet in the back half of the big tree arranged.

According to one The large tree can be designed be attached to the luffing tree in a torsion-resistant manner.

According to one the hull has round ribs in the front area and in the middle and rear area buckling frames with severe frame failure. The frame shape reduces drift in side winds. The simultaneous greater heel has due to the special rig construction, no negative effects. included In the invention are sailboats with boat hulls, the outer shape corresponds to that caused by the hull described above the special frame arrangement and shape, but none Have frames, for example because they are made of plastic or Steel.

Finally is according to one Design of the sailboat the hull with two swords and performed two oars, the weird outward placed near the port and starboard waterline are. When there is a side wind and the boat is heeling accordingly only one sword and one oar at a time. That way the flow resistance reduced and the sailing behavior further improved.

The Invention is described below with reference to the rough schematic Drawings of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. In the drawings show:

1 the sailboat with rig and sail in a perspective view obliquely from above;

2 Boat hull and rig of the sailboat from 1 in the same perspective;

3 Boat hull and rig of a conventional sailboat in the same perspective;

4 Sails with rig parts from 1 in a side view;

5 Side view of a conventional sailboat sail;

6 Sailing behavior of the sailboat from 1 in a front view;

7 Sailing behavior of a conventional sailboat in a front view;

8th Boat hull of another sailboat according to the invention in side view;

9 the same boat hull in cross-sections through the front, middle and rear area.

According to 1 the sailboat according to the invention has a dinghy boat hull 1 , on the bow of which is a mast slightly inclined aft 2 relatively low height is fixed. The mast 2 is on both sides over struts 3 braced, which ends in the lower third of the mast 2 and at the other a distance from the mast foot on the outer edges of the hull 1 are attached.

The boat has a sail 4 which is essentially in the form of a surf sail. His luff 5 is on a convex luffing tree 6 attached. The luffing tree 6 has an arrowed spreader in the middle 7 , on both ends of the sail 4 shrouds 8th are excited, both ends at a distance from the spreader 7 on the luffing tree 6 are struck.

Below is the luffing tree 6 torsionally stiff with a boom 9 connected. The sail is aft 4 on the clew 10 at the end of the boom 9 struck. The forks of the boom 9 are by two brackets 11 . 12 linked together, the first of which 11 themselves in the front half and the second 12 in the back half of the boom 9 located.

The luffing tree 6 is about a joint head 13 on the mast 2 near the mast top 14 struck.

Furthermore, the front bracket 11 on a traveler 15 struck in a rail running across the hull 16 is led.

On the bracket 12 is a sheet 17 chipped over one on the hull 1 - if necessary via a traveler in another rail - fixed role 18 is led.

The Sailboat is with others - not shown - facilities equipped for sailing is essential, like rudder, sword or keel.

2 shows that the sailboat has a significantly reduced mast 2 with little elaborate bracing 3 having.

According to 3 In contrast, a conventional sailboat has a much more complex or higher mast 2 ' with much more complex bracing in the form of shrouds 3 ' and stages 3 '' ,

In 4 the sail according to the invention is shown again. They are entered through the upper anchor point 13 and the lower anchor point 15 running swivel axis 19 of the sail and its horizontal swivel axis 20 through the anchor point 13 , The sail pressure is due to the sail areas above the swivel axis 20 and in front of the swivel axis 19 partially compensated, the remaining sail pressure corresponds to a fraction of the sail pressure of a conventional sail.

This in 5 shown, conventional sails 4 ' has on the clew 10 ' a much higher sail pressure.

According to 6 can with inclined or half wind the inclination or swivel axis 19 of the sail 4 independent of the heel of the boat, which increases the propulsive power.

In contrast, according to 7 the slope of the sail 4 ' of the conventional sailboat of the boat pitch.

In the 8th and 9 is the boat hull alone 1' of another sailboat according to the invention, to which a rig and a sail are added, for example as in 1 shown. As especially in the different cross sections of the 9 is clear, the hull has 1' a round frame in the front area 21 ' and in the middle and a rear bulkhead 21 '' . 21 ''' with severe frame failure.

In 9 a water line is drawn in dashed lines in the event that the boat has a heel of 20 °. As a result, the areas formed by the buckling ribs intersect the water line on the leeward side. This reduces the drift in side wind. The simultaneous larger heel has no negative impact on the sailing characteristics due to the special rig construction.

The hull also has two swords 22 ' . 22 '' and two oars 23 ' . 23 '' on, which are placed obliquely outwards near the port and starboard waterline, each with the sword 22 ' with the rudder 23 ' and the sword 22 '' with the rudder 23 '' flees. As the water line also demonstrates for a heel of 20 °, a sword dives in side winds from a certain, relatively small heel 22 ' . 22 '' and an oar 23 ' . 23 '' on. In this way the flow resistance of the boat hull 1' reduced.

Claims (15)

Sailboat with - a mast standing in the bow, tilted aft ( 2 ), - a sail ( 4 ) from a luffing tree ( 6 ) is held in between the mast top ( 14 ) is struck, - one at the lower end of the luffing tree ( 6 ) attached large tree ( 9 ) on which the clew aft ( 10 ) of the sail ( 4 ) is struck, - a traveler ( 15 ) in a rail ( 11 ) on the hull ( 1 ) on which the large tree ( 9 ) is struck between the ends so that the attachment point of the large tree ( 9 ) is displaceable transversely to the longitudinal axis of the boat, the sail ( 4 ) around the respective axis through the anchor point of the luffing tree ( 6 ) on the mast top ( 14 ) and the attachment point of the large tree ( 9 ) on the traveler ( 15 ) is pivotable, and - a main sheet ( 17 ) at one end on the large tree ( 9 ) and at the other end on the boat hull ( 1 ) is struck. A sailboat according to claim 1, wherein the height of the mast ( 2 ) about half the height of the sail ( 4 ) is. Sailing boat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mast foot in a holder in the boat hull ( 1 ) is used and secured in the holder by means of a securing device. Sailboat according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the mast ( 2 ) Stiffeners ( 3 ) are attached, the other ends at a distance from the mast foot on the outer edges of the hull ( 1 ) are attached. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the luffing tree ( 6 ) is convexly curved. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the luffing tree ( 6 ) an arrowed spreader in between ( 7 ), on the ends of which shrouds ( 8th ), the two ends at a distance from the spreader ( 7 ) on the luffing tree ( 6 ) are attached. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the sail ( 4 ) on the luff ( 5 ) in a lane of the luffing tree ( 6 ) is held. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the luffing boom ( 6 ) is designed to be divisible. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which the sail ( 4 ) has essentially the shape of a surf sail. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which the anchor point of the luffing tree ( 6 ) on the mast top ( 14 ) as a joint head ( 13 ) is trained. Sailboat according to one of Claims 1 to 10, in which the large boom ( 9 ) is a boom. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which the attachment points of the boom ( 9 ) and the main sheet ( 17 ) on a bracket connecting the forks ( 11 . 12 ) is formed, the attachment point of the boom ( 9 ) in the front half and the anchor point of the main sheet in the rear half of the boom. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 12, in which the large boom ( 9 ) torsion-resistant on the luffing tree ( 6 ) is attached. Sailboat according to one of claims 1 to 13, in which the boat hull ( 1' ) Round ribs in the front area ( 21 ' ) and buckling ribs in the middle and rear area ( 21 '' . 21 ''' ) with severe frame failure. A sailboat according to claim 14, wherein the hull ( 1' ) with two swords ( 22 ' . 22 '' ) and two oars ( 23 ' . 23 '' ) are executed, which are arranged obliquely outwards near the port and starboard water line.