DD213420A1 - BINDER MIX - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a binder mixture of a conventional binder, in particular cement, cement with lime o. Lime, u. a natural. and / or artificial pozzolan for use in concrete, mortar and other building material mixtures. The natural pozzolan used is nepheline phonolite, which may contain lime-poor lignite filter ash.

Description

The invention relates to a binder mixture of a conventional binder, in particular cement, lime or a mixture of cement and lime, and a natural and / or artificial pozzolan for use in concrete, mortar and other building material mixtures.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KNOWN TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

It is known that for the production of conventional binders, in particular of cement, considerable amounts of energy are required, with much of this energy is needed for the firing process.

It is also known, 3eton- and mortar mixtures to add stone flours * By adding such inert stone flours, the density of the concrete or mortar and thus its acid and alkali resistance can be increased; at the hardening process and strength development these stonemasons are not involved. The addition of such inert stone

It must be made within the permissible grading curve, depending on the classification of the other aggregates, as otherwise the strength of the concrete or mortar will decrease or a higher proportion of binder will be required.

It is also known to prepare binder mixtures with natural or artificial pozzolans. These pozzolans are latent-hydraulic water-binding additives that do not self-harden upon addition of water, but after grinding with an exciter such as cement, lime or gypsum by the binding of free lime excellent hydraulic binders result with such pozzolans can in a slower setting process with a lower final heat resistance than with conventional binders

As such natural pozzolans are next to the eponymous pozzolanic, which was used about 2000 years ago in ancient Rome, only Santorinerde, Traß, pumice and tuff and from factory-prepared binder mixtures known. For example, for the production of Traz cement with 40 % Traßzusatz only 64 % of the energy required to produce an equal amount of Portland cement is required.

As artificial pozzolans glass and tile flours, slag and ashes are known, in particular slags in Eisenportland-, metallurgical, blast furnace and slag cements are already used on a large scale in the factory.

The disadvantage of these known binder mixtures with artificial pozzolans is that glass flour and clay flour occur only in small quantities as a secondary raw material and their special production for this purpose a complex

Presupposes a production process, which can be expected by the required melting and combustion processes over the production of a conventional Portland cement no benefits in energy consumption more. In turn, the slags produced in metallurgy are already used as secondary raw materials for cement production, the production of mineral fibers and the like, and are not available for further use in the required quantity. Although the lignite filter bags obtained in considerable quantities in the power plants can be used as additives, they are only conditionally suitable as pozzolans since they have an extraordinarily fluctuating chemical composition with a predominantly high CaO content and, in particular, their SO.sub.2 content changes daily and hourly.

Binder mixtures with natural pozzolans are raw material dependent. In the territory of the GDR there are no or no deposits of such well-known natural pozzolans available »

It is moreover known according to the DO-Ap 151 150, to produce a binder mixture with at least 50 % of a hydraulic material such as Schlackenj technical pozzolanic and / or natural pozzolans, the 0.1 to 5.0 % of a plasticizer and 0.5 to 8, 0 % of a Abbinderegulators is added »As hydraulic material predominantly slag is used and described only in one exemplary embodiment, a mixture of 90 % slag and 10 % fly ash and pointed out that a higher proportion of fly ash requires the addition of lime»

The disadvantage of this known Sindemittelmischung is that both the plasticizer and in particular the Abbinderegulatoren the binder only partially already in

whose manufacturing process can be added and at least partially the concrete or mortar zusetzbar only in the mixing process. However, this requires dosing and IVägeeinrichtungen that are probably in the concrete plant * but not on construction sites and in-house construction services of citizens available, so that the use of this binder mixture according to the DO -AP 151 150 remains limited to concrete works.

GOAL QER INVENTION '-

The aim of the invention is, while avoiding the mentioned disadvantages, to provide a binder mixture for the production of which a low energy requirement is required and which can be processed easily and safely to building material mixtures and thus save energy and the binder supply for social and private needs to significantly increase ·

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention has for its object to develop a binder mixture containing in addition to a conventional binder, preferably cement »lime or a mixture of cement and lime, a share of a pozzolan with constant quality parameters and thus the use of plasticizers, setting regulators and other chemical additives unnecessary.

This object is achieved according to the invention as follows:

It has been found that in addition to the known natural pozzolans pozzolanic, Santorini, Trass, pumice and tuff also the not yet considered for such use nepheline from Sanidin / K (AlSi ₃ O ₈ ) /

Nepheline / KNa ₃ (AlSiO ₄ J ₄ / and Alkaliugite / (NaAl) (Si ₂ O ₄ ) / is suitable as pozzolan «

The binder mixture thus consists according to the invention of a conventional binder, preferably cement, lime or a mixture of cement and lime, and nepheline phonolite as a natural pozzolan, the nepheline phonolite is in a variant of the invention lime brown lignite filter ash added as artificial pozzolan. The proportion of this lignite filter ash is in a low-lignite lignite with a CaO content of less than 2 % up to 50 % of the total amount of pozzolan, in a brown coal filter ash with a CaO content below 15 % depending on this CaO content between 10 and 50 % of total amount of pozzolan.

The phonolite is ground to a grinding fineness corresponding to the cement fine grinding and mixed dry with the conventional binder. Likewise, it is possible, for example, to grind cement clinker and phonolite together and thus to save a special mixing process. If lignite filter ash is added, it must also be subjected to fine grinding, which may be carried out individually or together with the other components.

Based on the recognition that a pozzolan alone without the required exciters such as cement, lime or gypsum develops no binder properties, a minimum proportion of such conventional binder in the binder mixture is required. The size of the proportion of pozzolan depends on the intended purpose of the building material mixture to be produced with the binder mixture. This proportion can be based on the Trazzementnormen at

Portland Cement 20 - 40 % Iron Portland Cement 15 - 30 % Blast Furnace Cement 10 - 25 %

the amount of cement, but can also exceed the amount of binder considerably. ·

The advantage of the binder mixture according to the invention is that the binder supply for social and private needs can be significantly increased by the use of a new pozzolan, this binder mixture is simple and handling safe processed conventional binders and thus can cause an increase in the proportion of structural in-house performance At the same time, depending on the size of the proportion of pozzolan in the binder mixture, a considerable energy saving is achieved.

Building material mixtures prepared with such a binder mixture have all the advantageous utility properties of known pozzolans. For example, a concrete of sufficient strength for residential streets can be produced, which has a much greater ozone content and a higher resistance to de-icing salt with significantly less cement used as a result of the addition of pozzolan. "

AUSFOHRUNGSBEISPIEL

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment »

The accompanying tables show:

Tab. 1 - Chemical analysis of pozzolans

Tab * 2 - Test strengths of pozzolans

The especially in Upper Lusatia in degradable form occurring nepheline. Phonolith corresponds according to Table 1 in its chemical composition about the known Traßsorten and seems to be already superior after this analysis the Bavarian Traß ·

In a mortar mixture with

4.3 % calcium hydroxide 17.4 % puzzolars (Traß or phonolite) 65.3 % sand 13.0 % water

the test strengths according to Table 2 were achieved, which, even with this high pozzolan content, prove the already assumed superiority over the Bavarian trade route. "

The quality parameters of the pozzolan can be positively influenced by the addition of low-lignite lignite filter ash from the Hirschfelde cogeneration plant with a CaO content of only 1.4 % »The chemical analysis of a mixture of a part of nepheline phonolite and a part of such lignite filter ash shows according to Table 1 Verte, which now correspond to a best commercial road »The addition of lignite filter bags other cogeneration plants is possible depending on their lime content, in which case the proportion of lignite filter ash should be between 10 and 50 % ·

The use of lignite filter ash from the Hagenwerder power plant with 14.6 % CaO and 2.2 % SO _{3 is considered possible} , while the lignite filter ash from the Lübbenau power plant with 14.7 % CaO because of its SO ₃ "" content of 6, S % is no longer suitable »

The pozzolan mixture of nepheline phonolite and low-lime lignite filter ash is mixable with conventional binders. Thus, a pozzolana cement with 50 parts of cement and 40 parts of this pozzolan is equally possible as a sweeping component mixture with 35 parts of cement, 10 parts of hydrated lime and 55 parts of this pozzolan or a. Pozzolanic hemihydrate with 45 parts of hydrated lime and 55 parts of this pozzolan ·

The binder mixture is advantageously produced in the binder industry because of the existing grinding equipment. To simplify the transportation of the 8-liter coal filter ash, it can be sintered in the power plant and quenched as a slag product.

In concrete plants, as major consumers of cement, it is possible to produce the binder mixture with existing dosing and weighing equipment and thus avoid the multiple transport of phonolite and lignite filter ash · For construction sites and small consumers, the production of ready-packs centrally through the relevant binder operations or territorial by mixing and bottling in local building material companies «

2 »compound mixture according to item 1, characterized by

lime-poor brown coal filter ash is added to the nepheline phonolite.

For this 2 pages tables

Table 1 :

Chemical analysis of pozzolans

SiO ₀ 0 Al Pe _o 0_ CaO MgO Na ₀ OK _o 0 S0 "

2 23 23 ^ 2 2 3

Trade route (rhine ·) 57.7 17.5 3.3 3.5 1.6 4.7 2.8

Trade route (bayr) 66.0 16.6 3.1 4.0 2.9 1.7 1.6

Trade route (öeterr) 57.7 17.5 3.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 2.7

i

Phonolite 6θί, 5 18.9 2.4 1.3 1.2 8.1 5.3

Filter ash 57.0 33.4 6.5 1.4 1.2 - - 1.4

Mixture 1: 1 58.8 26.2 4.5 1.4 1.2 4.1 2.7 0.7

Table 2

Test strength of pozzolans

2 "?

Flexural tensile strength in kp / cm Compressive strength in kp / cni ~

14 days 28 days 56 days 90 days 14 days 28 days 56 doughs 90 days

Handelsatraß (rhine *) trade route (bayr) trade route (austrian *)

Phonolite 16 23 26 29 31 42 54 68

20 29 32 36 56 92 103 111 5 15 20 23 24 55 58 60 23 31 36 41 56 104 179 183

Claims (1)

ERFINOUNGSANSPRUCH 1. binder mixture of a binder, preferably cement, lime or a mixture of cement and kaik ₁ and a natural and / or artificial pozzolan, characterized by that nepheline phonolite is used as the natural pozzolan,