CZ304151B6 - Circuit arrangement for integrated control and management in service networks of smart buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention covers a device for efficient solution and project of service network of smart buildings, which is based on sharing a harness that is primary used for making local computer networks of Ethernet, i.e. four-pair cables UTP Cat.5, optionally Cat.6. The device comprises a central processor (1), which supports any program needful for the device function. Interface (2) 802.3 for communication by IEEE 802.3c protocol interconnects the device with two pairs (1-2 a 3-6) of the UTP cable normally used by the Ethernet technology. Interface (3) of the RS-485 bus uses in common Ethernet local networks and devices used therein such as routers, switches, servers, memory centers, printers, and other unused pairs (5-4) of the UTP cables as a bus complying with the standard RS-485 in the synchronous communication (peer-to-peer) operational mode. The described device can also be provided with a suitable input/output module (4), making it possible to operate with optional own sensors or own control elements, and/or it can locally provide for the user information about the state and to ensure control of the device itself, as well as through the mediation of the central processor (1) and the IEEE 802.3 interface (2) for the communication through the protocol IEEE 802.3c and the interface (3) of the RS-485 bud of arbitrary other device of the service network, and/or it can serve for processing optical information of a camera sensor, i.e. to provide storage of data, its evaluation, for example detection of movement and its preparation for transmission to the central processor of the service network computer or to a remote indicator. A power supply unit (5) for other parts of the device uses the free pairs (7-8) of the UTP cables and makes it possible to feed sensors and control elements of the busses RS-485 as well as mutual backup of other devices. The connection of contacts between the interface (3) of the RS-485 bus and the two pairs (1-2) and (3-6) makes it possible to use the cables connected to connectors (B, C) of the RJ-45 type and unused for Ethernet transmission for additional bus according to RS-485 in the asynchronous communication mode of operation.

Description

Wiring for integrated management and management in intelligent building services networks

Technical field

Modern intelligent building technologies enable quality control of many functions using sensors and controls. The complexity of interconnection networks leads to the need to minimize the signaling architecture of such sensors and controls, and to transfer functionality to specialized devices capable of supporting a variety of functions such as lighting control, heating, security, and program level that can be easily modified to specific requirements and allow at the same time, their future inexpensive significant modification.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Today's intelligent building technology relies on sensors, such as temperature, light intensity and motion detection, and controls such as local and remote switches that are interconnected through a suitable network to transmit commands and sensors of indicated value. The low wiring requirement, which is also the purpose of the solution corresponding to this design, is the result of a large number of functions and the required sensors and controls, for example, as opposed to simply switching the boiler on by switching a temperature switch in one of the apartment rooms.

Current intelligent building sensor and control technology typically relies on E / A-485 bus connections, earlier and more commonly RS-485. The RS-485 bus allows the connection of up to 32 elements at distances of up to 1200 m at a transmission speed of 19200 bps. For smaller networks, such a limitation may be acceptable; for longer distances and / or a plurality of functional elements, extension elements conforming to the RS-485 standard itself or implemented by a computer with multiple RS-485 buses may be used.

The RS-485 standard itself defines the electrical and functional parameters of the signal on the two-wire connecting the bus elements. The only requirement for such interconnection is to maintain polarity and twisted two times to provide some immunity to external electromagnetic field interference. The standard does not define either a specific cable type, as is the case with standardized Ethemet networks, or connectors. The reason is its history. Its primary use was industrial production control networks, where screw connections of wires ensure high reliability, but on the other hand they are quite demanding in terms of installation care.

Most of the intelligent building networks currently in use use the RS-485 standard, and their own functional elements, sensors and controls rely directly on RS-485.

Extensive intelligent building networks for wider user interfaces often provide, in addition to hard-wired controls, control by a program on a computer in the building itself, or on a remote computer connected via a computer network, or on a local or remote client device such as a wireless laptop or tablet . Such control solutions for modern intelligent buildings typically rely on elements capable of communicating with user interfaces of such types.

In addition to control, intelligent building networks can also provide more complex program-based operations that can store information in large data libraries, such as moving people, or respond to current status changes in a variety of ways such as sending a message, running a program, etc. .

In summary, current systems for integrated control and management of sensors and / or controls in intelligent building services networks, ie their sensing and control part, are based on

The bus is typically RS-485. This bus is connected by converters, typically RS-485 / USB, RS485 / IP, to computer network elements allowing monitoring and control via a central server, remote client elements over the Internet or local client elements. Such a solution separates its own sensor and control management system from the computer network system in a building or apartment and has the disadvantage that it requires independent cabling for the control system bus and computer communication network.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above drawbacks eliminate the wiring for integrated control and management of sensors and / or controls in the intelligent building service networks of the present design. Its essence is that the three RJ-45 connectors are connected to UTP cables having four pairs of wires connected to the IEEE 802.3c Ethernet standard to the connector contacts. Two IEEE 802.3c wires for Ethernet communication of the first connector used to connect to the network are connected via an 802.3 interface that implements Ethernet and IP protocols to a central processor with optional programming. One free pair of wires of all connected UTP cables is a bus that complies with the RS-485 standard in its synchronous mode and is connected to the central processor via the RS-485 bus interface. The power supply module is connected to other free pairs of UTP cable conductors. External sensors and controls in an intelligent building are connected to UTP cables connected to RJ45 connectors.

The central processor may further be coupled to at least one I / O module for processing local sensor data and / or controls, and / or for local communication with the user, and / or for processing local sensor signal at speed and storage capacity beyond the capabilities KS-485 bus.

An option applicable when the second and third connector wire pairs designed primarily for IEEE 802.3c pass-through signal are not used is to interconnect the RS-485 bus interface via jumpers with these wire pairs connected to the second and third connectors to create an RS- 485 in its asynchronous mode.

The power supply module having an input voltage supply on the free pairs of wires of all connectors may preferably be connected to an input from a local external power supply and may include its own accumulator. Its function can then utilize a selected power supply from the connected cable, a local power supply and / or an internal battery to power all the modules of the device, which the power supply module itself can take care of.

Free pairs of UTP cable conductors are used here for RS-485 bus implementation and for supply voltage distribution for its components. Cable sharing for IEEE 802.3c and RS-485 buses is a significant saving on installation material and a simpler solution for the resulting network's graphical architecture. The solution enables the installation of functional elements of the intelligent building network in any network topology lines and the design of efficient networks of intelligent building services. Another advantage is to ensure the availability of functional elements of the intelligent building network through multiple network elements, such as individual network switches or individual LAN links, and to facilitate the implementation of control functions of different types or functions intended only for certain users.

Clarification of drawings

Giant. 1 describes the basic wiring structure supporting an integrated service network architecture with the combined use of UTP cabling for Ethernet and RS-485 bus technology.

Giant. 2 shows an example of the use of the circuit according to FIG. 1 in an integrated service network architecture.

-2GB 304151 B6

Giant. 3 shows an example of wiring utilizing the second and third RJ-45 connectors and not used for the Ethemet signal to additionally create an RS-485 bus in asynchronous mode. Giant. 4 shows an example of the use of the circuit of FIG. 3 in an integrated service network architecture.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present connection allows UTP-based cabling to be used in Ethemet IEEE 802.3c networks to connect sensors and controls to an intelligent building services network. The wiring itself is equipped with three RJ-45 type A, B and C connectors, hereinafter referred to as A, B, C connectors, which allow UTP cables to be connected. The first connector A primarily connects to the IEEE 802.3 interface that implements Ethemet and IP protocols, but unused pairs can also provide power and connection to the smart building's network function modules. The second connector B and the third connector C are directly interconnected in pairs carrying an IEEE 802.3c signal and allow transmission of an IEEE 802.3c signal not directly related to the wiring function. An alternative to not using pairs to transmit IEEE 802.3c signals on the second connector B and the third connector C is the possibility of their use for the asynchronous RS-485 bus.

Thanks to the central processor, the wiring can also provide relatively complex functions such as signal processing from optical sensors, or translate RS485-compliant and private network IP addresses to create functionally independent groups of elements in an intelligent building, for example temperature control, lighting control according to indicated movement and presence of persons, distribution of optical recordings from camera sensors and the like.

The circuit according to the design whose internal structure is illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, it consists of five functional parts, namely the central processor X, IEEE 802.3 interface 2 for Ethernet and IP connection via UTP cable on connector A, RS ^ I85 interface 3 for primary synchronous bus function with RS-485 compliant parameters all connected UTP cables, I / O module 4, and power supply 5. The device is connected to UTP cables through the standardized connectors labeled A, B, and C here, the connectors used by Ethemet 10BASE-T and 100BASE-Tx networks.

UTP cabling used to build IEEE 802.3c local area networks uses four pairs of 1-2, 3-6, 5-4 and 7-8 UTP Cat.5 or Cat.6 wires. The two of these pairs, namely the transmission pair 1-2 802.3 Tx and the reception pair 3-6 802.3 Rx, are

IEEE 802.3 connected to central processor i. Power supply 5 is connected to unused pair 7-8. Unused pair 4-5 is connected to RS-485 interface 3 to create RS-485 synchronous mode buses for all cables connected to connectors A, B and C. The RS-485 interface and power supply 5, together with the IEEE 802.3 interface 2, are connected to a central processor 1 equipped with software for communicating with elements located in an intelligent building and connected to a UTP cable via connectors A, B, C. In the examples, at the same time, the central processor 1 is bi-directionally coupled to the input / output module 4 for processing data of local sensors and / or controls and providing information to the user. Giant. 1 illustrates a situation where pairs 1-2 and 3-6 are used for signal passage according to IEEE 802.3c. Giant. 3 illustrates a situation where pairs 1-2 and 3-6 not used for IEEE 802.3 communication are connected via switches with RS-485 interface 3 and support an additional RS-485 bus in asynchronous mode.

Central processor 1 provides data collection and sending commands to sensors and controls connected to RS-485 buses via RS-485 interface 3 and communication with Internet network elements available via IEEE 802.3 interface 2. Examples of wiring utilization in the intelligent building services network are shown in Fig. 2 and FIG. 4. Sensors and controls can be connected to UTP cables using synchronous mode - dashed lines in Figs. 2 and FIG. 4,

-3 EN 304151 Β6 using asynchronous mode - dashed lines in figure 4. Its function is given by its own program, which can widely use its own data memory. The functional connection of the central processor i is not limited to the basic elements, i.e. the IEEE 802.3 interface 2 and the RS-485 interface 3, but also allows work with the I / O module 4, for example when using the wiring as a user interface.

An important part of the engagement is IEEE 802.3, which provides interoperability with servers and clients that communicate with TCP and UDP Internet technology, whether local in the intelligent building or group of buildings using a private IP network, or remote, typically using firewalls to provide the necessary level security.

IEEE 802.3 interface 2 provides UTP wiring access primarily compliant with the IEEE 802.3 standard known as Ethernet 10BASE-T and / or 100BASE-Tx. But this is not his only activity. The IEEE 802.3 interface 2, technologically equipped with its own processor, also provides communication layers that meet not only RFC standards of TCP and UDP protocols, but also allows for possible expansion, for example the possibility of using multiple IP addresses and / or ports of IP protocols. Designed, the IEEE 802.3 interface, which supports standard Internet protocols and allows for an additional layer, supports the design of a high-level communication system for the entire intelligent building network and its connection to the Internet.

RS-485 interface 3 provides communication with sensors and intelligent building network controls. This interface primarily provides control of more common synchronous, peer-to-peer, RS-485 communications and uses a single pair of 5-4 UTP cable wires connected to connectors A, B, C.

As an alternative, RS-485 interface 3 allows transmitting pair 1-2 wires and receiving pair 3-6 UTP wires that are not used for IEEE 802.3c signal distribution to use asynchronous, master-slave, RS communication -485. The UTP cable used in this way allows to connect sensors and drivers capable of working in synchronous peer-to-peer mode and / or in asynchronous master-slave mode to two RS-485 buses realized by a single UTP cable.

The I / O module 4 allows the wiring to be extended by functions otherwise provided by sensors and controls of the service network located at the site close to the wiring, by an on-site user interface and / or by a signal processing with high data processing capacity. The benefit of this feature is the saving of sweat on all elements of the intelligent building services network, when it is required to place the wiring in a place where the function of such a sensor or control is also required. A typical example of the function of such an element is a light, temperature and / or humidity brightness sensor, and a touch sensor or button, dial, or mechanical or optical relay.

The I / O module 4 also allows the acquisition of signals requiring data transfer rates and processing, and well beyond the limitations of the RS-485 standard. Illustrative examples of such elements are, for example, camera sensors and services which, based on their data, indicate movement and store the monitored data in a memory with a sufficiently high capacity, for example in an SD memory.

Thanks to the I / O module 4, the wiring can also be used to communicate with users, for example by means of optical indicators and mechanical controls. Of course, interfaces controlled by an I / O module 4, such as a touchscreen tablet, or a full function provided by input key detectors, fingerprint detectors or voice detectors are also out of the scope.

The power supply 5 provides the other parts of the wiring described with a 5V and / or 3.6V supply voltage that is typical of current integrated circuits and microcomputers. A wiring equipped with a program-controlled power supply 5 can operate both using the power provided by the power pairs of UTP cables and based on the local external power supply and / or its

-4GB 304151 B6 battery pack. Selection of a suitable source for supplying all wiring modules and controlling the recharging of a possible own accumulator is defined by the program of the power supply 5. The power supply 5 in the wiring structure allows to use the selected power pair or locally connected external power supply for both operation and charging and support other elements of the service network.

Giant. 2 and FIG. 4 shows examples of utilization of the circuit according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 in an integrated service network architecture. The examples assume the connection of the central computer server S and its expansion data storage M via a router / router R Sw. The router R Sw itself, with the structure shown in the examples in FIG. 2 and 4, close to routers for building small computer networks in homes, it also provides reliable Internet connection via ADSL or VDSL telephone network and wireless WiFi controls, such as operating system tablets.

The circuit described in this example is used in three functions, the first of which is designated in Figures D _{h the} second D ₂ and the third D ₃ . The connectors of all wiring components are RJ-45 connectors and are labeled as A, B, and C. The wiring components provide a programmatic link between the Ethernet and IP tree architecture, solid line, RS ^ 185 architecture in synchronous mode, dashed line, and optionally RS-485 in asynchronous mode, indicated by dashed line.

Giant. 2 and FIG. 4 shows an example with a simple function of a device designated D ₂ , where the device is connected to a computer network by the first connector A, and the second connector B and the third connector C only work to connect functional elements of the RS ^ 185 bus.

The device P ₂ in the Figs. 2 and FIG. The use of such a function is significant for RS-485-generating devices in the lines between the LAN elements, that is, in the cables between the R Sw router and the Sw switches.

Switching the jumpers between the RS-485 interface 3 and the second and third BaC connectors, corresponding to Fig. 3, allows to use wiring to work with two buses on each UTP cable, one of which is synchronous and the other asynchronous. This connection function is represented by the designation D ₃ in FIG. 4.

Industrial Applicability:

Design wiring is useful for integrated control and management of sensors and / or controls in intelligent building service networks. The wiring enables to realize a network of intelligent building services using any common elements of local computer networks, such as routers, switches, servers, memory centers, printers, and others, and to add additional buses for standard sensors and controls. At the same time, it allows the computer network architecture to be used for data collection, control, local state processing and localized control.

Claims (5)

1. PATENT CLAIMS

   5 1. Wiring for integrated management and management in intelligent building services networks, characterized in that the triple connectors (A, B, C) are connected to UTP cables having four pairs (1-2, 3-6, 5-4, 7-8) IEEE 802.3c Ethernet wires connected to RJ-45 (A, B, C) connector contacts, where to the first wire pair (1-2) and the second wire pair (3-6) of the first connector (A ) used for connection to the network via interface (2) implementing Ethernet and IP protocols is connected via this interface (2) central processor (1) with the possibility of alternative programming, free pairs (5-4) wires of all connected UTP cables form RS-485 standard in its synchronous mode and are connected to the central processor (1) via the RS-485 interface (3), and to the other free pairs (7-8) of the UTP cable wires a power supply module (5) is connected, senzo and controls

   15 in an intelligent building are connected to UTP cables connected to connectors (A, B, C).
2. Connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the central processor (1) is connected to at least one input / output module (4) for processing data of local sensors and / or controls, and / or for local communication with the user, and or for processing

   20 local sensor signals with speed and storage capacity beyond RS-485 capabilities.
3. Connection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the RS-485 bus interface (3) is connected by means of jumpers to the first and second conductor pairs (1-2, 3-6) connected to the second connector (B) and the third connector (C) and forms the RS-485 bus in its asynchronous mode.
4. Connection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the power supply module (5) having an input voltage supply on the free conductor pairs (7-8) of all connectors

   30 (A, B, C) is connected to the input from the local external source.
5. Connection according to claim 4, characterized in that the power supply module (5) comprises its own accumulator.