CS242353B1 - Pulse counting device with exponential output word format - Google Patents

Abstract

The device is intended for registration of input pulse information, compression of this information and creation of output format of this information, suitable for further processing. The obtained format of the reinforcement information by means of this device allows to perform basic mathematical operations in many cases without computer technology, only by using basic circuit elements - gates, shift registers, etc. The essence lies in the fact that in the device impulse feedback is created between the output of the last flip-flop of the second group and the adjustment input of the flip-flop, whose number from the beginning of the second group is M-k+1.

Description

(54)

Pulse counter with exponential output word format

The device is intended to register input pulse information, compress this information and create an output format of this information suitable for further processing. The obtained format of the information using this device allows to perform basic mathematical operations in many cases without computer technology, only by using basic circuit elements - gates, shift registers, etc.

The principle is that an impulse feedback is generated in the device between the output of the last flip-flop of the second group and the adjusting input of the flip-flop, whose number from the beginning of the second group is M-k + 1.

242 353 Int. CIA

H03K 23/00

- 1 242 353

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a pulse counting device with an exponential output word format, comprising three flip-flops and a multiplexer, which is designed to register input pulse information, compress this information, and create an output format of this information suitable for further processing.

Known pulse counting devices achieve output information compression while maintaining relative error by modeling logarithmic or other nonlinear dependence. The effect is achieved either by processing the initial information obtained by the linear counter or by introducing feedback which changes the pre-reduction coefficient depending on the counted pulses. In the first case, it is necessary to use either a relatively complicated circuit solution or to use a computer technology, for example a microprocessor, which complicates the apparatus strongly and thus in many cases leads to a decrease in the reliability of the whole system. In the latter case, converting output information back to input intensity requires the use of complex mathematical formulas or large tables containing all possible values of the output word. These problems complicate the processing of information inside the instrument, which is often necessary to set the instrument to the appropriate operating mode or measuring range (adaptive control principle). A device consisting of three groups of flip-flops and a multiplexer is known. The flip-flops inside each group are connected to a linear counting chain. The pulse source is connected to the input of the first group and the outputs of each kth flip-flop of the first group are connected to the working inputs of the electronic switch. The multiplexer output is connected to the input of the second group of flip-flops. The flip-flop outputs of this group are progressively less significant bits of the output information and are connected to the output memory of the device.

242 353

The output of the last flip-flop of this group is connected in parallel to the input of the third flip-flop group. The outputs of the third group flip-flops are progressively more significant bits of the output information and are connected in parallel to the raultiplexer control inputs and the output memory. The device constructed in this way maintains a direct proportion between the number of input pulses and the quantization error and allows the information to be compressed to a specified number of output bits. It is necessary to use a complex mathematical expression of the type to convert the output information to the number of input pulses

N = m. 2 ¹ “ ¹ + 2 ^M

N - number of input pulses

M - number of flip-flops of second group m - number at output of second group n - number at output of third group k - pre-reduction coefficient.

The invention solves the creation of a pulse feedback within a second group of flip-flops which, at a suitable moment, brings one of the flip-flops from state 0 to state 1 and is based on the fact that an impulse feedback is generated in the device. the setting input of the flip-flop whose number from the beginning of the second group is M-k + 1.

The higher effect of the invention is manifested in particular by the fact that, while maintaining a simple circuit solution, the relationship between the number of input pulses N and the state of the outputs is considerably simpler

N - m. 2 ^to m - number at the output of the second group of flip-flops n - number at the output of the third group of flip-flops k - constant, determined by the device construction (number of flip-flops between two adjacent outputs of the first flip-flop).

The obtained output information format allows to perform basic mathematical operations / addition, subtraction, multiplication, division / in many cases without computer technology, only by using basic

- 3 242 353 circuit elements - gates, shift registers, etc. When using computer technology, the number of necessary operations is rapidly reduced, which reduces programming requirements.

The attached drawing shows a schematic diagram of a device consisting of first 1, second 2 and third 2 groups of flip-flops, multiplexer 4, and feedback loop Flip-flops inside groups 1, 2, 3 are connected to linear counter strings, the first group consisting of E subgroups of flip-flops / Alk, ............ AEk /, each subgroup is composed of flip-flops. The second group is composed of M flip-flops / Ti ·· ... T «/» the third group contains N flip-flops. The multiplexer 8 ensures the switching of the input kde / where j_ is determined by the state of the address inputs B _o , ........% - l / ¹¹⁸ output X. The pulse feedback circuit jj passes the output from state 1 to state 0 input S of flip-flop Tjj-k + l impulse, necessary to put it into 1 ”state.

The above parts of the device are connected as follows: The pulses are applied to the input of the first flip-flop of the first group 1. This input and outputs of all subgroups A) k> · ♦ ... ^A Ek J ^are connected to the multiplexer work inputs £ / A _o ,

Whose output X is connected to the input of the first flip-flop T2 of the second group 2. The output of the last flip-flop T-jyj of the second group 2 is connected to the input of the first flip-flop Fi of the third group 2. the output of the last flip-flop Tji of the second group 2 / G _o ....... ^c M1 / ^{and the} feedback input S of the flip-flop T _M _k ₊ i of the same group is connected to the feedback circuit L.

The outputs of the third group Dq, D] _ ...... ^D N-1 determine the major part of the output word and are connected in parallel to the address inputs of the multiplexer 4 / Bq, B] _...... ^B Nl / · Less significant portion of the output word is designated by the word output / q, C] _..... ^cloned P "NYCHA circuits of the second group 2, i = 0 significant portion designated

N-1 η = i = 0

Di2 ^J

- 4 Μ 354

By default, all flip-flops of the proposed device are reset. The pulses from the input come through the input Aq of the multi-plexer 4 to its output X, and thus to the input of the second flip-flop group 2. The moment will be loaded N = 2 ^M pulses output Dq-flop of the third group 2 proceeds to state l £ multiplexer signal input Bq Αχ input switches to output the output of the X and _M C _ Tjj.k _the flip-flop J-1 ^{e is} brought to state 1 by means of pulse feedback 2 · The output information then has the form -m-2 ^M ~ ^k , n = l and the number of output pulses

N = m + 2 ^ = 2 ^{M k k} . 2 ^tus = 2 ^M.

Then, pulses arrive at the multiplexer input Αχ £ with a preliminary reduction of 2 ^k through the output multiplexer £ X to enter the second group of two flip-flops. When N = 2 ^k .2 ^ = 2 ^{k +} ^ pulses are counted, the flip-flop qχ output Dq goes to 0, the flip-flop 2χ output F2 goes to state 1 by the pulse feedback circuit 2 J ^e flip-flop output T ^ -k + l Transferred to state 1. The output information in this case is m = ₂ Mk _? n = 2 and the number of input pulses is determined from the relation N = m. 2 ^k ^ = 2 ^ —k. 2 2 = ^k * ^k + M

Furthermore, the operation of the device is repeated in a similar manner until the counter is filled, which occurs at the number of input pulses

N = 2 ^m. 2 ^k / ^{N 1 /} - 1

For optimum utilization of possible output word states, it is appropriate that the flip-flop numbers in the first 1 and third 2 flip-flop groups are equal to E = 2 ^ - 1.

The device is particularly suitable for use in space apparatuses, where information processing is very often carried out without the use of processors, since memory circuits are the components most damaged by cosmic radiation.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 242 353 Pulse counting device with an exponential output word format, comprising three flip-flop groups connected to linear counter strings and a multiplexer, wherein the input of the first flip-flop group is connected to a pulse source, the outputs of each k-th flip-flop of the first group are connected to the multiplexer output inputs are connected to the input of the second group consisting of M flip-flops, the output of the last flip-flop is connected to the input of the third group containing N flip-flops, outputs of the third flip-flop group are connected multiplexer control address inputs, characterized in that a pulse feedback (5) is provided in the device between the output of the last flip-flop of the second group (2) and the set input (set) of the flip-flop, the number of which y is M-k + 1.