CN87206077U - Hoisting limiter of hoister - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model realizes limiting the hoister moving up and down during working process. The executive scheme is that the axis end of the hoister drum axis is relatively fixed with a uniform axis line screw in which a movable nut (sliding block) is screwed, the movable nut is restricted by a guiding rail fixed on the hoister rack; an up limiter switch and a down limiter switch (usually turned off) are respectively arranged on the guiding rail; the hoister working process is limited by adjusting the distance between the sliding block and the limiter switches; when the hoister works, the screw and the drum rotate coaxially and synchronously, the sliding block moves forward or backward on the screw; when the sliding block touches the contacts of the limiter switches to make the switch open circuit, the main circuit of the hoister motor is broken, the drum stops turning, and now the drum can only contrarotate.

Description

Hoisting limiter of hoister

The utility model relates to a kind of machine work stroke limit control setup, particularly is exclusively used in the elevator stroke limit control setup of winch, can be described as the elevator limiting device of winch.Electrical motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit by this elevator limiting device and winch is used, and can realize the spacing control of winch elevator forced stroke uplink and downlink.

Present winch mainly is made up of frame, electrical motor, speed reduction gearing, reel and magnet stopper.Lack distance caging device.And utilize winch drive with carry out vertical hoisting or along the inclined-plane, the machinery of the dilatory weight of horizontal surface, as tower crane, well formula frame, traction machine etc., for guaranteeing production safety and increase work efficiency that pressing for has spacing control to forced stroke.For example, the tower crane of infinite place control, its operating mechanism's tower crane suspension hook causes tower crane roof fall (being that suspension hook superelevation and crane arm collide) rising often because of operating personal carelessness (or because of sight line bad or because of commander's error).This falls with regard to the weight high-altitude that very easily hoist rope fracture, suspension hook occur and sling, thereby serious accidents such as personal injury and property damage take place.Cause shut-down simultaneously.And when the whereabouts, also often neglect because of operating personal, fulfilling the back winch at suspension hook still continues to send rope, causes row's rope confusion on the reel, thereby need shut down arrangement, if the continuation use will make steel rope badly damaged.On the other hand, if the words of descending spacing control are arranged.Violation phenomenon such as also can limit to a certain extent that skewing partially in the operation hung reduces the unfavorable factor of tower crane turning over.So this class machinery has pressed for spacing control.A kind of known limit method is arranged, promptly on adjoining frame of the end position that operating mechanism's (as the suspension hook of tower crane, hook of hanging hurdle, traction machine of well formula frame etc.) the real work stroke with machinery allows or other fixture, place travel switch, to realize spacing control.Following situation can appear in this mode: the electric wire that links to each other with travel switch drags longlyer, and it is big to occupy the space, easily influences the work of mechanical activity part, and also wearing and tearing cause electric leakage easily; Regulate inconvenience, allowance is little; Repair and maintenance inconvenience; Travel switch is subjected to mechanical impact force big fragile malfunctioning; Travel switch is placed difficulty, just is difficult for finding suitable riding position as the spacing travel switch in control tower crane suspension hook whereabouts; Cost is more high.

Task of the present utility model provides a kind of new limit method, an elevator limiting device promptly is installed on winch, control elevator forced stroke, and then make with the matching used machinery of winch and have good limit function, accomplish spacing accurately and reliably, adjusting is easy, maintenance is easy, durable in use, easy for installation and volume is little, cost is low.

Its solution is: at one of lifting drum axle axle head (being bearing in that end on the outer shaft bearing) relative fixed and the screw rod of drum shaft on same axis.Traveling nut on the screw rod (slide block) is subjected to the constraint of the guide rail that fixes with frame, can not rotate around screw axis.On guide rail, place two limit switches (normally closed) that play the uplink and downlink position-limiting action respectively.Its principle of work is: during winch work, electrical motor rotates reel by speed reduction gearing, being wrapped in steel rope on the reel makes motion that operating mechanism's (as tower crane suspension hook) makes upstream or downstream (for sake of convenience again, below all be example, represent the elevator stroke of winch with the distance of suspension hook motion) with the suspension hook.Screw rod is then done coaxial synchronous rotation with reel.(because reel rotates a circle, the length of steel wire rope that it is sent or involves in approximates the girth of reel to the distance of suspension hook motion with revolution (that is revolution of the screw rod) relation in direct ratio approximately of reel.If bearing the hoist rope of suspension hook load is 2, then reel rotates a circle, and the distance of suspension hook motion is about half of reel girth).And screw rod rotates a circle, and traveling nut just moves a helical pitch (pitch) on screw rod.Like this, the distance of suspension hook motion just with traveling nut mobile distance relation also in direct ratio approximately on screw rod.Therefore, the uplink and downlink qualifying bit postpone when having determined suspension hook as required just can calculate the traveling nut ultimate range that corresponding permission is moved on screw rod.Traveling nut move to surmount this apart from the time, will promote the contact lever of limit switch, make the switch open circuit, cause power circuit to open circuit, thereby make the suspension hook stop motion that runs to the upper limit or lower position.

Accompanying drawing is to describe an embodiment of the present utility model.Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are mounted in master of the present utility model on the winch respectively, bow, left view.Be described as follows:

Be welded with captive nut (13) on the axle head of the drum shaft (9) on the lifting drum bearing seat (10), screw rod (15) screws in wherein and is fastening by holding screw (14).Up, descending limit switch (7), (3) are fixed on guide rail plate (5) and (4) by bolt (2) respectively.Two blocks of guide rail plates then are welded on and are coupled bolt (6) and are fastened on the end cap (11) on the drum shaft bearing (10).Respectively there are upper and lower spacing fine adjustment screw (18) and (20) in traveling nut (16) both sides on the screw rod (15).Lower limit fine adjustment screw (20) links to each other with the contact lever of descending limit switch (3) by thin chain (19).Protective cover (17) is fixed on the end cap (11) by screw (8).(12) be the oil sealing felt collar.(21) be the protecting jacket of limit switch.In use, uplink and downlink limit switch (7), (3) are connected on respectively in the electrical motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit by electric wire (1).If the rotation direction of electrical motor was for just changeing following behavior counter-rotating when suspension hook was up.When switch on makes suspension hook up (electrical motor just changes), screw rod rotates, and traveling nut moves to up limit switch (7) direction along screw rod, when bumping the contact lever that is extruded into switch (7), up limit switch (7) open circuit, just changeing the outage of the magnet coil on the AC contactor in the control circuit, electromagnetic force disappears, and all contact discharges, power circuit disconnects, magnet stopper braking simultaneously, the electrical motor stall, suspension hook rises and stops.This moment, electrical motor reversed by descending button, and suspension hook is descending.Traveling nut (16) oppositely moves, and breaks away from the contact lever, up limit switch (7) auto-closing, and it is normal that uplink is recovered.When suspension hook went downwards to the lower position, traveling nut (16) just in time also moved to chain (19) is tightened up, and spurs the position of descending limit switch (3) contact lever, make switch (3) open circuit, the control path that then reverses opens circuit, and power circuit disconnects, and suspension hook is descending to be stopped.

About spacing debugging.Earlier suspension hook is risen to predetermined upper limit position, again traveling nut (16) is put into the position of pushing up limit switch (7) contact lever and making switch (7) open circuit separately, then, screw rod (15) passes in traveling nut (16) the screw-in captive nut (13) and by tightening.At this moment, by descending button, make suspension hook descending and be parked in the predetermined lower bound position, meanwhile traveling nut (16) has also moved to a certain distance from the position of up limit switch (7) along screw rod (15) and has stopped.At this moment, the thin chain (19) that is fit to a segment length again couples together the contact lever of lower limit fine adjustment screw (20) and descending limit switch (3).Chain after the connection (19) should be tightened up, and makes descending limit switch (3) be in open-circuit condition.By up button, suspension hook rises, and the traveling nut inverted running has loosened the contact lever that is tightened up, and then reverse turn control circuit recovers normal.This moment, suspension hook can only be about these two limit in the positions arbitrarily, and can not surmount.If when the not satisfactory need in spacing position are done the little adjustment of gap, can regulate by fine adjustment screw.

The also available Calculation Method of spacing debugging.When suspension hook during at general position, multiply by the radical of the derrick line of bearing the suspension hook load with suspension hook apart from the distance (rice) of predetermined upper limit position, again divided by reel girth (rice), multiply by screw pitch (millimeter) again, just obtain data (unit be millimeter).Then, make up limit switch (7) its contact lever of when open circuit and go up corresponding location point, measure apart from this point apart from being a position of these data along screw rod again, traveling nut (16) is placed on this position of screw rod to get final product at screw rod (15).Like this, when suspension hook rises, just can not surmount predetermined upper limit position, the debugging of lower limit in like manner.

Claims (1)

1. The elevator limiting device of winch is characterized in that: at axle head relative fixed one screw rod [15] of lifting drum axle [9].Screw rod [15] (allows less malalignment) with the axis of drum shaft [9] on same straight line.Go up screw-in one traveling nut [16] at screw rod [15].Guide rail [5], [4] by relative fixed on the winch frame.Traveling nut [16] is subjected to the constraint of guide rail [5], [4] can not be around screw rod [15] rotational.On guide rail [5], [4], be fixed with limit switch [7], [3] respectively.

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